Anti-loosening self-locking type fastening bolt

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bolts, in particular to an anti-loose self-locking type fastening bolt which comprises a bolt body, a fastening nut, a locking nut set and a locking assembly. The fastening nut is connected with the bolt; the locking nut group comprises a lower locking nut and an upper locking nut; the lower locking nut is mounted above the fastening nut; the upper locking nut is mounted above the lower locking nut; the locking assembly is connected between the fastening nut and the upper locking nut; the three nuts are arranged, every two adjacent nuts are opposite in screwing direction, the upper nut, the lower nut and the middle nut move in the opposite directions to complete interlocking, the rotating groove and the telescopic locking claw are arranged between every two adjacent nuts, the screwing direction of the rotating groove is opposite to the screwing direction of the unscrewing nut, and the locking claw is clamped with the rotating groove after screwing is conducted. Each nut cannot rotate, so that self-locking and looseness prevention are realized; the problem that the whole bidirectional bolt is loosened due to the fact that a loosening space is generated between an upper nut and a lower nut under the working condition of long-term vibration is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolts, and in particular to an anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt. Background Art

[0002] Bolts are a kind of mechanical connector, which are often used to fasten two or more parts together. With the development of the machinery industry, bolt connections are now widely used in machinery manufacturing, construction, automobile industry, aerospace and other fields. Bolt connections usually use threads on the screw to enable axial movement when rotating. When tightened, friction will be generated between the contact surfaces of the threads to help the bolt stay fixed, thereby withstanding tensile and shear forces.

[0003] When bolts are used in mechanical equipment, automobiles, aerospace and other fields, they are often exposed to continuous vibration, which can cause the bolts to have a slight displacement, thereby loosening the bolts. Alternatively, under the impact load generated when the machine is started and stopped, the bolts will produce stress that causes them to loosen. In order to prevent the bolts from loosening, nylon rings, stoppers or adhesives are usually used to prevent them from loosening. However, it is still difficult to achieve the anti-loosening requirements under working conditions with large vibration loads. In response to the above problems, the prior art has proposed solutions, such as the Tang bolt, the design principle of which is to design the thread on the bolt surface into a bidirectional thread, and The self-locking purpose is achieved by the reverse rotation of the double nut structure. The two nuts are the fastening nut (lower nut) and the locking nut (upper nut). The two nuts rotate in opposite directions (assuming that the fastening nut rotates clockwise to move downward, and the locking nut rotates counterclockwise to move downward). When the fastening nut is subjected to vibration impact, it will tend to loosen, that is, the fastening nut rotates counterclockwise and the locking nut also rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the loosening force of the fastening nut is converted into the tightening force of the locking nut, and the locking nut moves counterclockwise downward, causing the fastening nut to be locked, thereby ensuring the tightening effect of the fastening nut, thereby achieving the purpose of two-way self-locking.

[0004] Although the existing technology has solved the problem of rapid loosening between the bolt and the nut under vibration conditions, the following problems still exist: under conditions where vibration occurs for a long time and the vibration frequency is high, a situation may occur: the locking nut is subjected to vibration that causes it to rotate clockwise. At this time, although the tightening nut will increase the tightening effect, when the tightening nut cannot continue to move downward, the tightening nut will remain stationary, and the upper locking nut will move clockwise upward and separate from the tightening nut. Under long-term vibration, the locking nut will gradually move upward and become loose, leaving space for the tightening nut to loosen. When the locking nut and the tightening nut rotate counterclockwise at the same time, although the locking nut can move downward for a distance, the tightening nut will also move upward. At this time, the tightening nut will have an upward axial displacement relative to the initial position, thereby causing loosening.

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides an anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt, which solves the problem that the bidirectional bolt may become loose as a whole due to loose space generated between the upper nut and the lower nut under long-term vibration conditions. By arranging three nuts and rotating the two adjacent nuts in opposite directions, the upper and lower nuts and the middle nut move in opposite directions to achieve interlocking, and a rotating groove and a retractable locking claw with a rotation direction opposite to that of the nut when unscrewing are provided between every two adjacent nuts. After tightening, the locking claw engages with the rotating groove, so that each nut cannot rotate to achieve self-locking and anti-loosening.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The cam is secured to the upper and lower ends of the camshafts and the camshafts are secured to the upper and lower ends of the camshafts, and the camshafts are secured to the lower and upper ends of the camshafts.

[0009] Preferably, the bolt is provided with a bidirectional thread; the fastening nut is a right-handed nut; the lower locking nut is a left-handed nut; and the upper locking nut is a right-handed nut.

[0010] In the above scheme, the two-way thread can be used to install nuts of different rotation directions on the same bolt, and the fastening nut is rotated counterclockwise when it is loosened upward. The counterclockwise rotation of the fastening nut will drive the lower locking nut to rotate counterclockwise and move downward. At this time, the lower locking nut will offset the loosening torque of the fastening nut, so that the fastening nut is retightened; when the lower locking nut is loosened upward, it is rotated clockwise. At this time, the fastening nut maintains the tightening effect, but there will be a loose space between the lower locking nut and the fastening nut, and the rightward rotation force of the lower locking nut will cause the upper locking nut to rotate clockwise, and the rightward movement of the upper locking nut will move downward, which will cause the lower locking nut to be retightened.

[0011] Preferably, a rotation groove 1 is formed in a circumferential array on the upper end surface of the fastening nut; a locking claw 1 is provided in a circumferential array on the lower end surface of the lower locking nut, and a rotation groove 2 is formed in a circumferential array on the upper end surface; and a locking claw 2 is provided in a circumferential array on the lower end surface of the upper locking nut.

[0012] In the above scheme, through the cooperation of the rotating groove one and the locking claw, when the fastening nut and the lower locking nut are deflected under vibration, the force can be better transmitted between the two. When the fastening nut undergoes a left-handed upward movement, the rotating force will be directly converted into a left-handed force of the lower locking nut, and then the fastening nut is pressed down by the left-handed descending force of the lower locking nut to prevent the fastening nut from moving up; the rotating groove two and the locking claw two are further prevented from loosening by the same principle; when only two nuts are used and equipped with the locking claw one and the rotating groove one structure for preventing loosening, it can be used in environments with small vibration loads and low vibration frequencies. In this case, compared with using three nuts, since the upper and lower end faces of the lower locking nut can bear force, it can prevent the force position from being concentrated on the surface where the two nuts are in contact, causing radial deflection of the nut, avoiding excessive tensile stress and shear force on the bolt, and preventing the bolt from breaking. At the same time, it can also prevent the locking claw from breaking under excessive top force. In conjunction with the limitation on nut thickness in the subsequent solution, the thickness of the middle nut is greater than that of the upper and lower nuts. When the upper and lower surfaces of the middle nut are evenly stressed and no radial deflection occurs, it can further ensure that the tensile stress and shear force on the bolt will not be too large.

[0013] Preferably, the locking claw comprises a claw groove, a claw body and a telescopic spring; the claw groove circular array is opened on the lower end surface of the lower locking nut; the claw body is slidably installed in the claw groove; the telescopic spring is connected between the claw body and the claw groove.

[0014] In the above scheme, the locking claw 1 is set as a retractable structure, so that when the lower locking nut is tightened, the locking claw can be retracted into the claw groove when it comes into contact with the fastening nut, so that after the lower locking nut is screwed to the locking fastening nut state, the locking claw 1 can be engaged with the rotating groove 1.

[0015] Preferably, the depth of the rotation groove 1 gradually increases in the counterclockwise direction; the lower end of the claw body cooperates with the rotation groove 1, and the front view cross section of the claw body is a trapezoidal structure.

[0016] In the above scheme, after the rotation groove 1 is engaged with the claw body, the vertical surface of the rotation groove will be in contact with the vertical surface of the claw body, so that when the two rotate, the other can provide a tightening effect, and the two will maintain the same rotation trend. When the overall trend is right-handed, the fastening nut is in a tightened state and cannot move downward. At this time, the rotation groove 1 blocks the claw body from rotating, thereby preventing the lower locking nut from loosening by right rotation; when the overall trend is left-handed, the lower locking nut is in a left-handed downward rotation trend, and the fastening nut is in a left-handed upward rotation trend. At this time, the two generate a counter-force and cannot rotate. Since the lower locking nut cannot rotate, when the upper locking nut has a left-handed trend, the rotation groove 2 of the lower locking nut blocks the locking claw 2 from rotating, thereby preventing the upper locking nut from rotating.

[0017] Preferably, the depth of the second rotating groove gradually increases in the clockwise direction; the structure of the second locking claw is the same as that of the first locking claw, and the installation rotation direction of the second locking claw is opposite to that of the first locking claw.

[0018] In the above scheme, since the upward movement of the lower locking nut occurs when it rotates to the right, the cooperation between the second rotating groove and the second locking claw is set to be opposite to the rotation direction of the first rotating groove. When the lower locking nut rotates to the right, the vertical surface of the second rotating groove also rotates to the right, and the vertical surface of the second locking claw is pushed to rotate to the right by the vertical surface of the second rotating groove. When the upper locking nut rotates to the right, it will descend, so that the lower locking nut cannot move upward, thereby completing self-locking. When the lower locking nut rotates to the left, the lower locking nut tends to descend. , the upper locking nut tends to move upward. At this time, the second vertical surface of the locking claw will tend to rotate counterclockwise, which will press against the second rotating groove. At this time, since the upper locking nut and the fastening nut are connected to each other and maintain the same movement trend, the fastening nut will tend to move counterclockwise upward, while the lower locking nut will tend to move counterclockwise downward, which will prevent the fastening nut from moving upward. Since the fastening nut and the upper locking nut maintain a fixed connection relationship, when the lower locking nut in the middle generates a tightening force on the fastening nut, it will also act on the upper locking nut.

[0019] Preferably, the claw grooves where the locking claw 1 and the locking claw 2 are located are respectively provided with an upper pull groove 1 and an upper pull groove 2; the locking claw 1 and the locking claw 2 are respectively provided with an upper pull block 1 and an upper pull block 2; the upper pull block 1 is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 1; the upper pull block 2 is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 2.

[0020] In the above scheme, due to the self-locking effect between the locking claw 2 and the rotating groove 2, it is impossible to directly twist the upper locking nut when a torque is directly applied to make it rotate counterclockwise. In addition, since the lower locking nut will move downward when subjected to the counterclockwise force, and there is no gap between the lower locking nut and the lower fastening nut at this time, it is in a completely locked state and cannot move downward, and thus cannot complete the counterclockwise rotation. At this time, the rotating groove 2 will completely block the locking claw 2 so that the upper locking nut cannot rotate. By setting an upper pull block, the mutual engagement between the locking claw 2 and the rotating groove 2 can be released, thereby completing the unscrewing.

[0021] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a locking protrusion, a locking rod and a locking ring; the two locking protrusions are respectively arranged on the fastening nut and the upper locking nut; locking through holes are opened at both ends of the locking rod; the locking through holes are mounted on the locking protrusions; and the locking ring is connected to the locking protrusions.

[0022] In the above scheme, the fastening nut and the upper locking nut are fixedly connected by the locking rod, so that the movements of the fastening nut and the upper locking nut are exactly the same. When the two move up at the same time, the fastening nut will be subjected to the counterforce generated by the downward movement of the lower locking nut, and thus cannot move up. At this time, the fastening nut will be pressed and the upper locking nut will be pulled down by the locking rod after the locking nut is compressed, so that the upper locking nut cannot move up. Compared with directly adding a locking rod between the two nuts to avoid loose space between the two nuts, three nuts are used with a locking claw 1 and a locking groove 1. Since the locking claw 1 and the locking groove 1 prevent the nut from rotating, the locking can be avoided. Since the rod is subjected to high-frequency directional loads and excessive tensile stress, the locking rod is prevented from being directly broken. When three nuts are used, the locking rod does not directly bear the tensile force to both ends. Since there is a lower locking nut between the upper locking nut and the fastening nut, the clamping force mainly acts on the end faces of each nut. At this time, the force on the locking rod will be reduced, and when the upper locking nut and the fastening nut are upward at the same time, the top force between the lower locking nut and the fastening nut will offset each other, so that the force on the pull rod is only brought by the upper locking nut; the locking rod, the locking groove and the locking claw can form a mutual protection effect to avoid damage to one of them.

[0023] Preferably, the thickness of the fastening nut is A; the thickness of the upper locking nut is B; the thickness of the lower locking nut is C, and C=A+B is satisfied.

[0024] In the above scheme, since the fastening nut and the upper locking nut have the same movement trend, the tightening torque or loosening torque generated by the two will be balanced with the loosening torque or tightening torque generated by the lower locking nut. The thickness of the lower locking nut is equal to the sum of the thickness of the fastening nut and the upper locking nut, which can make it reach a balanced state and improve the self-locking effect.

[0025] Preferably, the adjusting gasket comprises a ring plate, an annular spring and a rubber layer; the ring plate is arranged below the fastening nut; the annular spring is connected to the lower end surface of the ring plate; and the rubber layer is connected to the upper end surface of the ring plate.

[0026] In the above scheme, the impact load of the fixed part on the bolt is reduced by the annular spring sheet, and the vibration amplitude of the bolt as a whole is reduced. The rubber layer is used to achieve vibration damping and absorption on the one hand, and to increase the friction force on the fastening nut on the other hand. When the fastening nut is pressed on the rubber layer, the elastic force of the rubber layer on it will cause the thread of the inner ring of the fastening nut to be pressed against the bidirectional thread on the bolt, thereby improving the self-locking performance.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. Compared with the existing self-locking bolts, the present invention provides three nuts on the bidirectional thread, and the two adjacent nuts rotate in opposite directions. At the same time, the upper and lower nuts are fixedly connected by a locking assembly, so that the upper and lower nuts and the middle nut move in opposite directions to achieve interlocking. When the upper locking nut and the fastening nut are in a right-handed downward trend, the lower locking nut in a right-handed upward trend will be pressed down; when the lower locking nut is in a left-handed downward trend, the fastening nut and the upper locking nut in a left-handed upward trend will be pressed down, thereby realizing the first locking state, thereby achieving self-locking and anti-loosening under long-term vibration conditions.

[0029] 2. The present invention provides locking claws and rotating grooves. When all nuts are tightened, the locking claws and the rotating grooves engage with each other to make the three nuts rotate in the same direction. When the whole turns right, the fastening nut at the bottom is a right-handed nut and cannot continue to rotate and descend after being tightened. The locking claw 1 on the lower locking nut is limited by the rotating groove 1 on the fastening nut, so that the lower locking nut cannot rotate right. The inability of the lower locking nut to rotate will prevent the upper locking nut from rotating through the rotating groove 2 to complete interlocking. When the whole turns left, the lower locking nut is in a left-handed direction. The nut has a downward rotation trend, and the fastening nut has a left-hand rotation trend and an upward rotation trend. At this time, the two generate a counterforce and cannot rotate. Since the lower locking nut cannot rotate, when the upper locking nut has a left-hand rotation trend, the rotation groove 2 of the lower locking nut blocks the rotation of the locking claw 2, thereby preventing the upper locking nut from rotating. Therefore, after all the nuts are tightened and the locking claw and the rotation groove are engaged, the whole will be in a self-locking state, and all the nuts cannot rotate. Double locking is achieved in conjunction with the locking assembly, and applying torque to any nut cannot make it rotate, thereby achieving anti-loosening and self-locking under long-term vibration conditions.

[0030] 3. The present invention sets the locking claw as a retractable structure, so that the locking claw shrinks due to the extrusion effect on the end face of the nut when tightening, so as to smoothly engage into the rotating groove. When it is fully engaged, since the depth of the rotating groove increases in the same direction as the tightening direction of the nut, when a force in the unscrewing direction is applied to the upper locking nut at the top, the force applied to the second rotating groove is the force driving the lower locking nut to tighten. At this time, the lower locking nut is in a tightened state and cannot continue to rotate, so that the second rotating groove prevents the upper locking nut from rotating in the unscrewing direction, and the upper nut cannot loosen by itself, thereby ensuring the self-locking and anti-loosening effect; and the self-locking state can be manually released by the upper pull block to achieve a flexible disassembly effect.

[0031] 4. The present invention can use only two of the nuts under non-high-frequency vibration conditions, and retain the locking rod, locking claw and rotating groove structure during use, thereby achieving the purpose of cost saving; the mutual unscrewing effect between the locking claw and the rotating groove can provide protection for the locking rod, preventing the locking rod from being subjected to excessive tensile stress and being pulled apart, thereby ensuring the self-locking effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the loosening of the locking nut in the prior art;

[0034] Figure 2 It is the overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the lower locking nut of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the upper locking nut of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting gasket of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the movement direction of the three bolts under the overall right-hand trend;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the movement direction of the three bolts under the overall left-hand trend;

[0041] In the figure: 1, bolt; 11, two-way thread; 2, fastening nut; 21, rotating groove 1; 3, locking nut assembly; 31, lower locking nut; 311, locking claw 1; 3111, claw groove; 31111, upper pull groove 1; 31112, upper pull groove 2; 3112, claw body; 3113, telescopic spring; 312, rotating groove 2; 313, upper pull block 1; 32, upper locking nut; 321, locking claw 2; 322, upper pull block 2; 4, adjusting gasket; 41, ring piece; 42, ring spring; 43, rubber layer; 5, locking assembly; 51, locking boss; 52, locking rod; 521, locking through hole; 53, locking ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides an anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0044] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a self-locking anti-loosening fastening bolt, comprising a bolt 1, a fastening nut 2, a locking nut group 3, an adjusting washer 4 and a locking assembly 5; the fastening nut 2 is connected to the bolt 1; the locking nut group 3 comprises a lower locking nut 31 and an upper locking nut 32; the lower locking nut 31 is installed above the fastening nut 2; the upper locking nut 32 is installed above the lower locking nut 31; the adjusting washer 4 is arranged below the fastening nut 2; the locking assembly 5 is connected between the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32, and the fastening When the nut 2 generates an upward or downward movement trend under vibration, it presses the lower locking nut 31 and causes it to generate a downward or upward movement trend. When the lower locking nut 31 generates a downward or upward movement trend, it presses the upper locking nut 32 and causes it to generate an upward or downward movement trend. When the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 generate an upward movement trend at the same time, the lower locking nut 31 generates a downward movement trend and presses the fastening nut 2. The fastening nut 2 is pressed and the locking assembly 5 is tightened downward. The locking assembly 5 is subjected to the downward pulling force and generates downward pressure on the upper locking nut 32.

[0045] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The bolt 1 is provided with a bidirectional thread 11; the fastening nut 2 is a right-handed nut; the lower locking nut 31 is a left-handed nut; and the upper locking nut 32 is a right-handed nut. The bidirectional thread 11 can realize that nuts of different rotation directions are installed on the same bolt 1, and the fastening nut 2 is rotated to the left when it is loosened upward, and the left-handed rotation of the fastening nut 2 will drive the lower locking nut 31 to rotate to the left and move downward, at which time the lower locking nut 31 will offset the loosening torque of the fastening nut 2, so that the fastening nut 2 is tightened again; when the lower locking nut 31 is loosened upward, it is rotated to the right, at which time the fastening nut 2 maintains the tightening effect, but there will be a loose space between the lower locking nut 31 and the fastening nut 2, and the right-handed force of the lower locking nut 31 will cause the upper locking nut 32 to rotate to the right, and the right-handed movement of the upper locking nut 32 will move downward, which will cause the lower locking nut 31 to be tightened again.

[0046] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The upper end surface of the fastening nut 2 is provided with a rotation groove 1 21 in a circumferential array; the lower end surface of the lower locking nut 31 is provided with a locking claw 1 311 in a circumferential array, and the upper end surface is provided with a rotation groove 2 312 in a circumferential array; the lower end surface of the upper locking nut 32 is provided with a locking claw 2 321 in a circumferential array. Through the cooperation of the rotation groove 1 21 and the locking claw, when the fastening nut 2 and the lower locking nut 31 are deflected under vibration, the force between the two can be better transmitted. When the fastening nut 2 moves leftward and upward, the rotation force will be directly converted into the leftward force of the lower locking nut 31, and then the leftward descending force of the lower locking nut 31 will press the fastening nut 2 downward to prevent the fastening nut 2 from moving upward; the rotation groove 2 312 and the locking claw 2 321 are further prevented from loosening by the same principle.

[0047] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The locking claw 1 311 includes a claw groove 3111, a claw body 3112 and a telescopic spring 3113; the claw groove 3111 is arranged in a circular array on the lower end surface of the lower locking nut 31; the claw body 3112 is slidably installed in the claw groove 3111; the telescopic spring 3113 is connected between the claw body 3112 and the claw groove 3111. The locking claw 1 311 is set as a telescopic structure, so that when the lower locking nut 31 is tightened, the locking claw can be retracted into the claw groove 3111 when it contacts the fastening nut 2, so that the locking claw 1 311 can be engaged with the rotating groove 1 21 after the lower locking nut 31 is screwed to the state of locking the fastening nut 2.

[0048] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4The depth of the rotation groove 21 gradually increases in the counterclockwise direction; the lower end of the claw body 3112 cooperates with the rotation groove 21, and the front view cross section of the claw body 3112 is a trapezoidal structure. After the rotation groove 1 21 is engaged with the claw body 3112, the vertical surface of the rotation groove will be in contact with the vertical surface of the claw body 3112, so that when the two rotate, the other can provide a tightening effect, and the two will maintain the same rotation trend. When the overall trend is right-handed, the fastening nut 2 is in a tightened state and cannot move downward. At this time, the rotation groove 1 21 blocks the claw body 3112 from rotating, thereby preventing the lower locking nut 31 from loosening by right-hand rotation; when the overall trend is left-handed, the lower locking nut 31 is in a left-handed downward rotation trend, and the fastening nut 2 is in a left-handed upward rotation trend. At this time, the two generate a counter-force and cannot move. Since the lower locking nut 31 cannot rotate, when the upper locking nut 32 has a left-handed trend, the rotation groove 2 312 of the lower locking nut 31 blocks the locking claw 2 321 from rotating, thereby preventing the upper locking nut 32 from rotating.

[0049] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the depth of the second rotation groove 312 gradually increases in the clockwise direction; the structure of the second locking claw 321 is the same as that of the first locking claw 311, and the installation rotation direction of the second locking claw 321 is opposite to that of the first locking claw 311. Since the upward tendency of the lower locking nut 31 is when it rotates to the right, the cooperation between the second rotation groove 312 and the second locking claw 321 is set to the opposite rotation direction of the rotation groove 1 21. When the lower locking nut 31 rotates to the right, the vertical surface of the second rotation groove 312 also rotates to the right, and the vertical surface of the second locking claw 321 is pushed to rotate to the right through the vertical surface of the second rotation groove 312. When the upper locking nut 32 rotates to the right, it will descend, so that the lower locking nut 31 cannot move upward, thereby completing self-locking; when the lower locking nut 31 rotates to the left, the lower locking nut 31 tends to descend. , the upper locking nut 32 tends to move upward. At this time, the vertical surface of the locking claw 321 will tend to rotate counterclockwise, which will press against the rotating groove 312. At this time, since the upper locking nut 32 and the fastening nut 2 are connected to each other and maintain the same movement trend, the fastening nut 2 will tend to move counterclockwise upward, and the lower locking nut 31 will tend to move counterclockwise downward, which will prevent the fastening nut 2 from moving upward. Since the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 maintain a fixed connection relationship, when the lower locking nut 31 in the middle generates a tightening force on the fastening nut 2, it will also act on the upper locking nut 32.

[0050] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The claw groove 3111 where the locking claw 1 311 and the locking claw 2 321 are located is respectively provided with an upper pull groove 1 31111 and an upper pull groove 2 31112; the locking claw 1 311 and the locking claw 2 321 are respectively provided with an upper pull block 1 313 and an upper pull block 2 322; the upper pull block 1 313 is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 1 31111; the upper pull block 2 322 is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 2 31112; due to the self-locking effect between the locking claw 2 321 and the rotating groove 2 312, the upper pull block 1 313 is directly mounted on the upper pull groove 1 31111; the upper pull block 2 322 is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 2 31112; due to the self-locking effect between the locking claw 2 321 and the rotating groove 2 312, the upper pull block 1 313 is directly mounted on the upper pull groove 1 31111; the upper pull block 2 322 is directly mounted on the upper pull groove 2 31112; ... When the locking nut 32 is subjected to a torque causing it to rotate counterclockwise, it cannot be directly turned. In addition, since the lower locking nut 31 will move downward when subjected to the counterclockwise force, and at this time there is no gap between the lower locking nut 31 and the lower fastening nut 2, it is in a completely locked state and cannot move downward, and thus cannot complete the counterclockwise rotation. At this time, the second rotating groove 312 will completely block the second locking claw 321, making it impossible for the upper locking nut 32 to rotate. By setting an upper pull block, the mutual engagement between the second locking claw 321 and the second rotating groove 312 can be released, thereby completing the unscrewing.

[0051] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 The locking assembly 5 includes a locking convex head 51, a locking rod 52 and a locking ring 53; the two locking convex heads 51 are respectively arranged on the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32; locking through holes 521 are opened at both ends of the locking rod 52; the locking through holes 521 are sleeved on the locking convex head 51; the locking ring 53 is connected to the locking convex head 51; a ring groove is arranged in the middle of the locking convex head 51, the inner ring diameter of the locking ring 53 is equal to the diameter of the ring groove, the outer ring diameter of the locking ring 53 is larger than the diameter of the locking convex head 51, and the locking ring 53 is made of rubber material. When the locking rod 52 is sleeved on the locking convex head 51, the locking ring 53 is directly sleeved on the ring groove of the locking convex head 51, thereby completing The paired locking rods 52 are fixed, and the locking rings 53 are made of rubber material, which can be easily installed by manually stretching it to complete the connection. On the other hand, when the three nuts vibrate, the elastic force of the locking rings 53 can be used to prevent the locking rods 52 from falling off under vibration; the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 are fixedly connected by the locking rod 52, so that the movements of the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 are exactly the same. When the two move up at the same time, the fastening nut 2 will be subjected to the top force generated by the downward movement of the lower locking nut 31, and thus cannot move up. At this time, the fastening nut 2 will be compressed and will pull down the upper locking nut 32 through the locking rod 52, so that the upper locking nut 32 cannot move up.

[0052] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 7, the thickness of the fastening nut 2 is A; the thickness of the upper locking nut 32 is B; the thickness of the lower locking nut 31 is C, and C=A+B. Since the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 have the same movement trend, the tightening torque or loosening torque generated by the two will be balanced with the loosening torque or tightening torque generated by the lower locking nut 31. The thickness of the lower locking nut 31 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32, so that it can reach a balanced state and improve the self-locking effect.

[0053] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The adjusting gasket 4 includes a ring piece 41, a ring spring 42 and a rubber layer 43; the ring piece 41 is arranged below the fastening nut 2; the ring spring 42 is connected to the lower end face of the ring piece 41, and the diameter of the ring spring 42 after being fully contracted is smaller than the diameter of the mounting hole; the rubber layer 43 is connected to the upper end face of the ring piece 41. The ring spring 42 reduces the impact load of the fixed part on the bolt 1, reduces the vibration amplitude of the bolt 1 as a whole, and the ring spring 42 can provide a certain upward force, so that the two-way thread 11 on the bolt 1 and the threads of the inner rings of the three nuts are kept in a compressed state, thereby improving the self-locking ability. The rubber layer 43 is used to achieve vibration damping and vibration absorption on the one hand, and on the other hand, increase the friction force on the fastening nut 2. When the fastening nut 2 is pressed on the rubber layer 43, the elastic force of the rubber layer 43 on it will cause the threads of the inner ring of the fastening nut 2 to be compressed with the two-way thread 11 on the bolt 1, thereby improving the self-locking performance.

[0054] Working process: pass the bolt 1 through the hole of the part to be fixed, set the adjusting gasket 4 on the bolt 1, and then tighten the fastening nut 2, and then tighten the lower locking nut 31. During the tightening process of the lower locking nut 31, when the claw body 3112 contacts and squeezes the upper end surface of the fastening nut 2, the claw body 3112 will be pressed into the claw groove 3111. After the lower locking nut 31 is tightened, the claw body 3112 reaches the matching position with the rotation groove 1 21. At this time, the claw body 3112 extends out and completes the engagement with the rotation groove 1 21, and the upper locking nut 32 is tightened continuously. The tightening process is the same as the tightening process of the lower locking nut 31. After the three nuts are completely tightened, the locking rod 52 is sleeved on the locking protrusion 51, and the locking ring 53 is used to fix the locking rod 52.

[0055] After tightening, the first rotating groove 21 and the first locking claw 311 are engaged, and the second rotating groove 312 and the second locking claw 321 are engaged. Under the engagement, when the three nuts have a tendency to rotate, the three nuts have the same rotation tendency.

[0056] Reference Figure 7When the right-handed trend occurs at the same time, since the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 are right-handed nuts, the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 are in a downward movement trend, while the lower locking nut 31 in the middle is in an upward movement trend under the left-handed trend. The fastening nut 2 is already in a tightened state and cannot continue to move downward. The locking claw 1 311 on the lower locking nut 31 is limited by the rotation groove 1 21 on the fastening nut 2, so that the lower locking nut 31 cannot rotate rightward. The inability of the lower locking nut 31 to rotate will cause the rotation groove 2 312 to limit the locking claw 2 321 on the upper locking nut 32, so that the upper locking nut 32 cannot rotate, completing the self-locking and anti-loosening when rotating rightward;

[0057] Reference Figure 8 When the left-handed rotation trend occurs at the same time, the lower locking nut 31 is in a left-handed downward rotation trend, and the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 are in a left-handed upward rotation trend. The lower locking nut 31 will generate downward pressure on the fastening nut 2. At this time, the lower locking nut 31 and the fastening nut 2 are in abutment with each other, and neither can rotate. Under the fixing action of the locking rod 52, the upper locking nut 32 and the fastening nut 2 can be regarded as a whole. Therefore, at this time, it is equivalent to the abutment between the whole composed of the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 and the lower locking nut 31. Since the sum of the thicknesses of the fastening nut 2 and the upper locking nut 32 is equal to the thickness of the lower locking nut 31, the abutment forces are almost equal when the rotation trend occurs. Under the abutment force, the lower locking nut 31 cannot move downward, thereby making it impossible for the lower locking nut 31 to rotate. The second rotation groove 312 of the lower locking nut 31 blocks the rotation of the second locking claw 321, thereby preventing the upper locking nut 32 from rotating, thereby completing the self-locking and anti-loosening when rotating to the left.

[0058] When the upper locking nut 32 at the top is subjected to the loosening torque alone, the locking claw 2 321 on the upper locking nut 32 will generate a counterclockwise rotation trend along with the upper locking nut. The counterclockwise rotation trend of the locking claw 2 321 will press against the vertical surface of the second rotating groove 312, so that the second rotating groove 312 will also generate a counterclockwise rotation trend. The counterclockwise rotation trend of the second rotating groove 312 will cause the lower locking nut 31 to generate a counterclockwise rotation trend. The lower locking nut 31 will generate a downward movement trend under the counterclockwise rotation trend. Since the lower locking nut 31 is in a locked state and cannot move downward, the upper locking nut 32 will be reversely locked at this time, so that the upper locking nut 32 cannot rotate.

[0059] When all the nuts need to be disassembled, remove the locking ring 53, then remove the locking rod 52, release the fixation between the upper locking nut 32 and the fastening nut 2, and then pull the upper pull block 322 upward to release the engagement between the locking claw 321 and the rotating groove 312. At this time, the upper locking nut 32 can be unscrewed by twisting the upper locking nut 32, and the lower locking nut 31 can be unscrewed according to the above operation process.

[0060] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected, and the scope of the present invention to be protected is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bolt (1), a fastening nut (2), a locking nut group (3), an adjusting washer (4) and a locking assembly (5); the fastening nut (2) is connected to the bolt (1); the locking nut group (3) comprises a lower locking nut (31) and an upper locking nut (32); the lower locking nut (31) is installed above the fastening nut (2); the upper locking nut (32) is installed above the lower locking nut (31); the adjusting washer (4) is arranged below the fastening nut (2); the locking assembly (5) is connected between the fastening nut (2) and the upper locking nut (32) to fasten the bolt (1). When the nut (2) generates an upward or downward movement trend under vibration, it presses the lower locking nut (31) and causes it to generate a downward or upward movement trend. When the lower locking nut (31) generates a downward or upward movement trend, it presses the upper locking nut (32) and causes it to generate an upward or downward movement trend. When the fastening nut (2) and the upper locking nut (32) generate an upward movement trend at the same time, the lower locking nut (31) generates a downward movement trend and presses the fastening nut (2). The fastening nut (2) is pressed to pull the locking assembly (5) downward. The locking assembly (5) generates downward pressure on the upper locking nut (32) under the downward pulling force.

2. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt (1) is provided with a bidirectional thread (11); the fastening nut (2) is a right-handed nut; the lower locking nut (31) is a left-handed nut; and the upper locking nut (32) is a right-handed nut.

3. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the fastening nut (2) is provided with a rotation groove (21) in a circumferential array; the lower end surface of the lower locking nut (31) is provided with a locking claw (311) in a circumferential array, and the upper end surface of the lower locking nut (31) is provided with a rotation groove (312) in a circumferential array; the lower end surface of the upper locking nut (32) is provided with a locking claw (321) in a circumferential array.

4. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking claw (311) comprises a claw groove (3111), a claw body (3112) and a telescopic spring (3113); the claw groove (3111) is arranged in a circular array on the lower end surface of the lower locking nut (31); the claw body (3112) is slidably mounted in the claw groove (3111); and the telescopic spring (3113) is connected between the claw body (3112) and the claw groove (3111).

5. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that: The depth of the rotating groove (21) gradually increases in the counterclockwise direction; the lower end of the claw body (3112) cooperates with the rotating groove (21), and the front view cross section of the claw body (3112) is a trapezoidal structure.

6. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depth of the second rotating groove (312) gradually increases in the clockwise direction; the structure of the second locking claw (321) is the same as that of the first locking claw (311), and the installation rotation direction of the second locking claw (321) is opposite to that of the first locking claw (311).

7. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 6, characterized in that: The claw groove (3111) where the locking claw 1 (311) and the locking claw 2 (321) are located is respectively provided with an upper pull groove 1 (31111) and an upper pull groove 2 (31112); the locking claw 1 (311) and the locking claw 2 (321) are respectively provided with an upper pull block 1 (313) and an upper pull block 2 (322); the upper pull block 1 (313) is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 1 (31111); the upper pull block 2 (322) is slidably installed in the upper pull groove 2 (31112).

8. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly (5) comprises a locking convex head (51), a locking rod (52) and a locking ring (53); two locking convex heads (51) are provided, and are respectively provided on the fastening nut (2) and the upper locking nut (32); locking through holes (521) are provided at both ends of the locking rod (52); the locking through holes (521) are sleeved on the locking convex head (51); and the locking ring (53) is connected to the locking convex head (51).

9. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the fastening nut (2) is A; the thickness of the upper locking nut (32) is B; the thickness of the lower locking nut (31) is C, and C=A+B is satisfied.

10. The anti-loosening self-locking fastening bolt according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting gasket (4) comprises a ring piece (41), a ring spring (42) and a rubber layer (43); the ring piece (41) is arranged below the fastening nut (2); the ring spring (42) is connected to the lower end surface of the ring piece (41); and the rubber layer (43) is connected to the upper end surface of the ring piece (41).

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