A hazardous waste incinerator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hazardous waste incinerator, comprising a furnace body and a feeding control mechanism. An incineration chamber, a smoke passage and a smoke outlet passage are arranged in the furnace body. The upper ends of the incineration chamber and the smoke passage are communicated, and the lower end of the smoke passage is communicated with the smoke outlet passage. A feeding input port is arranged on the top of the furnace body, and a smoke outlet is arranged on the side of the furnace body. The smoke outlet is connected to the smoke outlet passage. A counterweight piston is movably installed in the smoke outlet passage, and the counterweight piston can control the opening and closing of the smoke outlet. A feeding movable door is arranged in the feeding input port. The feeding control mechanism is installed on the top of the furnace body, and the feeding control mechanism is linked to the counterweight piston, and the feeding control mechanism can control the opening and closing of the feeding movable door. The present invention piles and burns waste in the incineration chamber, and the smoke can form a secondary incineration effect in the smoke passage to ensure sufficient incineration. The counterweight piston of the smoke outlet passage moves up and down according to the amount of smoke to automatically control the feeding timing of the incineration chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, and more specifically, to a hazardous waste incinerator. Background Art

[0002] Hazardous waste refers to waste with dangerous characteristics. A large amount of hazardous waste is generated in industrial activities and daily life. It is estimated that the annual amount of hazardous waste generated in the world is more than 330 million tons. Hazardous waste can cause serious pollution and potential serious impacts. Therefore, hazardous waste needs to be handled by companies with specific qualifications.

[0003] Incineration is a very effective method for treating hazardous wastes. The incineration of hazardous wastes needs to be carried out in a special incinerator. The existing incinerators of the company have shortcomings such as insufficient incineration and difficulty in controlling the timing of feeding. Therefore, the incinerator equipment urgently needs to be designed and improved, and this case is born out of this. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a hazardous waste incinerator, in which waste can be piled and burned in the incineration chamber of the incinerator, and the flue gas can form a secondary incineration effect in the smoke passage to ensure sufficient incineration. The smoke outlet passage is designed with a movable counterweight piston, which moves up and down according to the amount of smoke to automatically control the feeding timing of the incineration chamber.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A hazardous waste incinerator comprises a furnace body and a feed control mechanism, wherein an incineration chamber, a smoke passage and a smoke outlet passage are arranged in the furnace body, the smoke passage passage is vertically arranged, the incineration chamber is connected to the upper end of the smoke passage passage, the lower end of the smoke passage passage is connected to the smoke outlet passage, a feed input port is arranged on the top of the furnace body, the feed input port is connected to the incineration chamber, a smoke outlet is arranged on the side of the furnace body, the smoke outlet is connected to the smoke outlet passage, a counterweight piston is movably installed in the smoke outlet passage, the counterweight piston can control the opening and closing of the smoke outlet, a feed movable door is installed in the feed input port, the feed control mechanism is installed on the top of the furnace body, the feed control mechanism is linked to the counterweight piston, and the feed control mechanism can control the opening and closing of the feed movable door.

[0007] Furthermore, a burning area is provided in the incineration chamber, and the feed input port is correspondingly arranged at a position directly above the burning area.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of flame nozzles are installed along the length direction of the smoke passage.

[0009] Furthermore, the smoke outlet channel is opened vertically, the smoke outlet channel is arranged parallel to the smoke passage, the bottom of the smoke outlet channel is connected with the bottom of the smoke passage, the counterweight piston is movably installed in the smoke outlet channel, and the diameter size of the counterweight piston matches the inner diameter size of the smoke outlet channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the smoke outlet is connected to the side wall of the smoke outlet channel, and the counterweight piston can close the smoke outlet after naturally descending, and the counterweight piston can be pushed upward by the smoke, and can open the smoke outlet after the counterweight piston moves upward.

[0011] Furthermore, a feed control switch is installed on the outer wall of the feed input port, and the feed control switch circuit is connected to the feed movable door. The feed control switch can control the opening and closing of the feed movable door. When the feed control switch is pressed with force, the feed movable door is closed, and when the feed control switch loses the pressing force, the feed movable door opens.

[0012] Furthermore, the feed control mechanism includes a push rod that is installed laterally and movably, one end of the push rod faces the feed control switch, and the other end of the push rod is transmission-connected to the counterweight piston.

[0013] Furthermore, the feed control mechanism also includes a control box, a spring and a linkage pull rope. The push rod is installed on the control box in a transversely movable manner. One end of the push rod passes through the control box and extends in the direction of the feed control switch. The other end of the push rod is connected to a guide piston. The diameter of the guide piston matches the inner cavity size of the control box. The spring is installed in the control box. The spring is installed on the opposite side of the push rod. One end of the linkage pull rope is connected to the guide piston, and the other end is connected to the counterweight piston. A rope pulley is installed on the top of the furnace body, and the linkage pull rope is guided through the rope pulley position.

[0014] Furthermore, when the guide piston is only subjected to the spring force, the push rod can press the feed control switch.

[0015] Furthermore, a slag cleaning movable door and an observation window are installed on the outer wall of the furnace body, and the slag cleaning movable door and the observation window are arranged corresponding to the position of the incineration chamber.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention has a reasonable design and layout. Waste can be piled and burned in the incineration chamber. The smoke generated by the burning of the waste flows along the smoke passage, and a secondary burning effect can be formed in the smoke passage to ensure sufficient incineration. The present invention is designed with a smoke outlet passage, and the smoke after secondary incineration is discharged from the smoke outlet passage. The smoke outlet passage is equipped with a movable counterweight piston. As the incineration proceeds, the amount of smoke gradually increases, and the counterweight piston can be pushed upward to form a smoke outlet effect. At the end of the incineration, the amount of smoke gradually decreases, and the counterweight piston gradually falls down by its own weight to form a smoke sealing effect. The downward effect of the counterweight piston can be reflected on the feed movable door of the feed input port through the feed control mechanism. The feed movable door is opened to form an automatic feeding effect. The above design cleverly solves the problem of controlling the feeding timing of the incineration chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hazardous waste incinerator in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hazardous waste incinerator in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed control mechanism in this embodiment.

[0021] Figure numerals: furnace body 1, feed input port 11, feed movable door 111, feed control switch 112, smoke output port 12, slag cleaning movable door 13, observation window 14, incineration chamber 2, burning area 21, smoke passage 3, flame nozzle 31, smoke outlet channel 4, counterweight piston 41, feed control mechanism 5, push rod 51, control box 52, guide piston 53, spring 54, linkage pull rope 55, rope pulley 56. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 3A hazardous waste incinerator shown in the figure includes a furnace body 1 and a feeding control mechanism 5. The furnace body 1 is provided with an incineration chamber 2, a smoke passage 3 and a smoke outlet 4. The incineration chamber 2 is used to incinerate hazardous waste. A feeding input port 11 is provided on the top of the furnace body 1. The feeding input port 11 is connected to the incineration chamber 2. Hazardous waste is put into the incineration chamber 2 from the feeding input port 11. The smoke passage 3 is vertically arranged. The incineration chamber 2 is connected to the upper end of the smoke passage 3. The incineration of hazardous waste will produce a large amount of flue gas. The flue gas first comes to the smoke passage 3 and then moves along the smoke passage 3. The lower end of the smoke passage 3 is connected to the smoke outlet 4. The smoke finally comes to the smoke outlet 4. A smoke outlet 12 is provided on the side of the furnace body 1. The smoke outlet 12 is connected to the smoke outlet 4. The final smoke is discharged from the smoke outlet 12. The discharged smoke can enter Desulfurization system, etc. for further processing, a counterweight piston 41 is movably installed in the smoke outlet channel 4, the counterweight piston 41 can control the opening and closing of the smoke outlet 12, the initial state of the smoke outlet 12 is normally closed, only when the amount of incineration smoke increases, the smoke outlet 12 can be opened, the opening and closing of the smoke outlet 12 are both achieved by the counterweight piston 41, a feed movable door 111 is installed in the feed input port 11, the feed control mechanism 5 is installed on the top of the furnace body 1, the feed control mechanism 5 is linked with the counterweight piston 41, the feed control mechanism 5 can control the opening and closing of the feed movable door 111, in the present invention, the movement state of the counterweight piston 41 is cleverly connected with the feed control mechanism 5, and finally the problem of controlling the feeding timing of the incineration chamber 2 is solved, and the specific principle is introduced below.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, a burning area 21 is provided in the incineration chamber 2, and the burning area 21 can generate a large amount of flame to burn the hazardous waste. The feed input port 11 is correspondingly arranged directly above the burning area 21, so that the hazardous waste input through the feed input port 11 can naturally fall and accumulate in the burning area 21, so that the hazardous waste can be burned smoothly.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of flame nozzles 31 are installed along the length direction of the smoke passage 3. If the incineration is carried out solely by the incineration chamber 2, there will be a problem of incomplete combustion in the smoke discharged to the outside, and there are still many impurities in the smoke. The smoke passage 3 lengthens the smoke travel. During this travel, the flame nozzles 31 are used for secondary incineration to ensure that the smoke is fully incinerated and that the impurity quality of the smoke discharged to the outside meets the standards.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the smoke outlet channel 4 is opened vertically, and the smoke outlet channel 4 is arranged parallel to the smoke passage 3. The bottom of the smoke outlet channel 4 is connected with the bottom of the smoke passage 3. A corner is formed between the bottom of the smoke outlet channel 4 and the bottom of the smoke passage 3. A flame nozzle 31 is also installed at the corner for secondary incineration. The incineration effect here is better, and the corner can also play a positive role in the precipitation of large particle impurities in the flue gas.

[0027] The incineration chamber 2 has an incineration capacity. Hazardous waste cannot be put into the incineration chamber 2 all at once, but needs to be put in batches and quantitatively for multiple times. It is found in the use of existing incinerators that it is difficult to control the timing of putting in the next batch of hazardous waste. Putting in too early will cause too much hazardous waste to accumulate, affecting the incineration efficiency and incineration quality. Putting in too late will cause waste in the furnace, prolong the incineration time, and the incineration efficiency is not high. In view of the above problems, the present invention first cleverly designs a counterweight piston 41 in the smoke passage 3. The counterweight piston 41 is movably installed in the smoke outlet channel 4 for lifting. The diameter size of the counterweight piston 41 matches the inner diameter size of the smoke outlet channel 4. The counterweight piston 41 itself has its own weight. The smoke outlet 12 is connected to the side wall of the smoke outlet channel 4. In the initial stage of the incineration of hazardous waste, the amount of smoke generated is small. At this time, the counterweight piston 41 is in a naturally descending state. The naturally descending counterweight piston 41 can just close the smoke outlet 12, and the smoke cannot be discharged at this time. When the smoke is in the state, the smoke stays in the smoke passage 3, and the smoke is more easily burned fully. With the continuous burning of hazardous waste, the amount of smoke increases greatly, and pressure is generated in the furnace. The counterweight piston 41 can be pushed upward by the smoke. After the counterweight piston 41 moves upward, it can expose and open the smoke outlet 12. At this time, the smoke can be discharged from the smoke outlet 12. Since the hazardous waste is in a period of intense burning at this time, its smoke volume is still rising continuously, so the smoke outlet 12 can be kept open for a period of time. When the burning of hazardous waste is in the final stage, the smoke output volume obviously continues to decrease, and the deadweight of the counterweight piston 41 exceeds the upward pressure of the smoke again. At this time, the counterweight piston 41 will gradually move downward to block the smoke outlet 12. It can be seen from the above content that the movement state of the counterweight piston 41 is closely related to the burning stage of hazardous waste in the incineration chamber 2. The present invention reflects such a connection through the feeding control mechanism 5 to the opening and closing of the feeding input port 11 to solve the problem of controlling the feeding timing.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, a feed control switch 112 is installed on the outer wall of the feed input port 11, and the feed control switch 112 line is connected to the feed movable door 111. The feed control switch 112 can control the opening and closing of the feed movable door 111. The feed movable door 111 is opened by flipping down and closed by flipping up. When it is closed, no feeding is possible, and when it is opened, a fixed amount of hazardous waste can be put in. The present invention sets the feed movable door 111 to be closed when the feed control switch 112 is pressed by force, and sets the feed movable door 111 to be opened when the feed control switch 112 loses the pressing force. The feed control mechanism 5 includes a laterally movably installed push rod 51, one end of the push rod 51 faces the feed control switch 112, and the other end of the push rod 51 is transmission-connected to the counterweight piston 41. When the push rod 51 moves toward the feed control switch 112, it can press the feed control switch 112, and at this time, no feeding is possible. The lateral movement of the push rod 51 is connected to the movement state of the counterweight piston 41.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the feed control mechanism 5 also includes a control box 52, a spring 54 and a linkage pull rope 55. The push rod 51 is installed in the control box 52 for transverse movement. One end of the push rod 51 passes through the control box 52 and extends toward the feed control switch 112. The other end of the push rod 51 is connected to a guide piston 53. The diameter of the guide piston 53 matches the inner cavity size of the control box 52 to form a guiding movement effect. The spring 54 is installed in the control box 52. The spring 54 is installed on the opposite side of the push rod 51. The spring 54 applies force to the push rod 51 through the guide piston 53. One end of the linkage pull rope 55 is connected to the guide piston 53, and the other end is connected to the counterweight piston 41. A rope pulley 56 is installed on the top of the furnace body 1. The linkage pull rope 55 is guided through the position of the rope pulley 56. In the present invention, the linkage pull rope 55 uses a rope body with a smaller pulling deformation. The linkage pull rope 55 has a fixed length, such as Figure 2 The figure shows the intense incineration stage, at this time the smoke output is very large, the counterweight piston 41 is pushed up, and the smoke outlet 12 continues to exhaust smoke. Since the counterweight piston 41 is pushed up, the linkage pull rope 55 is in a relaxed state at this time, and the guide piston 53 is only acted upon by the elastic force of the spring 54. Under this effect, the push rod 51 can maintain the state of pressing the feed control switch 112. At this time, the feed movable door 111 is closed, and no feeding operation is required. As the hazardous waste incineration gradually turns to the final stage, the smoke volume is greatly reduced, and the counterweight piston 41 cannot maintain the lifted state. At this time, the counterweight piston 41 will gradually decline. After the counterweight piston 41 declines, it drives the linkage pull rope 55 to collapse and tighten. When the feed control switch 112 is pressed down, the pulling force of the linkage pull rope 55 is transmitted to the guide piston 53, so that the guide piston 53 compresses the spring 54, and the push rod 51 gradually separates from the feed control switch 112. When the feed control switch 112 loses the pressure, the feed movable door 111 can be controlled to open, and the next batch of hazardous waste can be quantitatively added. Since the original hazardous waste in the furnace is just in the final stage of incineration at this time, the timing of adding the next batch is just right. The above design cleverly uses the cooperation of the counterweight piston 41 and the feed control mechanism 5 to perfectly capture the feeding opportunity. After the next batch of hazardous waste enters, the incineration enters the intense stage again, and the state of the counterweight piston 41 moving upward and the feed movable door 111 being closed is repeated.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a slag cleaning movable door 13 and an observation window 14 are installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 1. The slag cleaning movable door 13 and the observation window 14 are arranged corresponding to the position of the incineration chamber 2. The slag cleaning movable door 13 is used to facilitate the cleaning operation in the incineration chamber 2. The observation window 14 is made of refractory and heat-resistant materials and is used to observe the incineration situation in real time and to promptly discover faults such as failure to ignite.

[0031] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hazardous waste incinerator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body (1) and a feed control mechanism (5), wherein the furnace body (1) is provided with a combustion chamber (2), a smoke passage (3) and a smoke outlet channel (4), wherein the smoke passage (3) is arranged vertically, wherein the upper ends of the combustion chamber (2) and the smoke passage (3) are connected, and the lower end of the smoke passage (3) is connected to the smoke outlet channel (4), wherein a feed input port (11) is provided at the top of the furnace body (1), wherein the feed input port (11) is connected to the combustion chamber (2), wherein a smoke outlet (12) is provided at the side of the furnace body (1), wherein the smoke outlet (12) is connected to the smoke outlet channel (4), wherein a counterweight piston (41) is movably installed in the smoke outlet channel (4), wherein the counterweight piston (41) can control the opening and closing of the smoke outlet (12), A feed movable door (111) is installed in the feed input port (11), the feed control mechanism (5) is installed on the top of the furnace body (1), the feed control mechanism (5) is linked to the counterweight piston (41), and the feed control mechanism (5) can control the opening and closing of the feed movable door (111). The smoke outlet channel (4) is vertically opened, the smoke outlet channel (4) is arranged in parallel with the smoke passage (3), the bottom of the smoke outlet channel (4) is connected to the bottom of the smoke passage (3), the counterweight piston (41) is installed in the smoke outlet channel (4) in a lifting and movable manner, the diameter of the counterweight piston (41) matches the inner diameter of the smoke outlet channel (4), and a feed control switch is installed on the outer wall of the feed input port (11). The feed control switch (112) is connected to the feed movable door (111) through a circuit. The feed control switch (112) can control the opening and closing of the feed movable door (111). When the feed control switch (112) is pressed, the feed movable door (111) is closed. When the feed control switch (112) loses the pressing force, the feed movable door (111) is opened. The feed control mechanism (5) comprises a push rod (51) which is installed laterally and movably. One end of the push rod (51) faces the feed control switch (112). The other end of the push rod (51) is in driving connection with the counterweight piston (41). The feed control mechanism (5) further comprises a control box (52), a spring (54) and a linkage pull rope ( 55), the push rod (51) is movably installed on the control box (52) in a transverse direction, one end of the push rod (51) passes through the control box (52) and extends in the direction of the feed control switch (112), the other end of the push rod (51) is connected to a guide piston (53), the diameter of the guide piston (53) matches the inner cavity size of the control box (52), the spring (54) is installed in the control box (52), the spring (54) is installed on the opposite side of the push rod (51), one end of the linkage rope (55) is connected to the guide piston (53), and the other end is connected to the counterweight piston (41), and a rope pulley (56) is installed on the top of the furnace body (1), and the linkage rope (55) is guided through the rope pulley (56).

2. A hazardous waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A burning area (21) is provided in the incineration chamber (2), and the material input port (11) is correspondingly arranged at a position directly above the burning area (21).

3. A hazardous waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of flame nozzles (31) are installed along the length direction of the smoke passage (3).

4. A hazardous waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke outlet (12) is connected to the side wall of the smoke outlet channel (4); the counterweight piston (41) can close the smoke outlet (12) after naturally descending; the counterweight piston (41) can be pushed upward by smoke; and the counterweight piston (41) can open the smoke outlet (12) after ascending.

5. A hazardous waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the guide piston (53) is subjected only to the elastic force of the spring (54), the push rod (51) can press the feed control switch (112).

6. A hazardous waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a slag cleaning movable door (13) and an observation window (14), and the slag cleaning movable door (13) and the observation window (14) are both arranged corresponding to the position of the incineration chamber (2).

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