A smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, and in particular to a smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment, which includes a natural exhaust mechanism and an air extraction and exhaust assembly communicated with the natural exhaust mechanism. An inductor is provided on the air extraction and exhaust assembly, and a mechanical pressurization mechanism and an intermittent connection mechanism are provided in the natural exhaust mechanism. Among them, the mechanical pressurization mechanism is communicated with the air extraction and exhaust assembly, and both the natural exhaust mechanism and the air extraction and exhaust assembly, as well as the mechanical pressurization mechanism and the air extraction and exhaust assembly, can be used for the connection between the stairwell and the outside. The present invention can not only discharge the smoke in the stairwell, but also ensure that there is sufficient gas pressure in the stairwell by introducing a sufficient amount of gas into the stairwell to block the smoke from entering the stairwell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, and particularly to a smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment. Background Art

[0002] Among various disasters, fire is one of the main disasters that most frequently and commonly threaten public safety and social development. Countless people lose their lives in fires every year because a large amount of toxic smoke, such as CO, CO2, HCl, etc., is generated during a fire, and at the same time, a large amount of heat is released and a large amount of oxygen is consumed. According to statistics, more than 50% of the fire deaths are caused by suffocation due to smoke. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel and facilitate fire-fighting and rescue work, smoke prevention and exhaust devices are generally installed in buildings. A fire-fighting fan is an industrial fan that can operate continuously for more than 60 minutes under the condition of a high temperature of 300°C and can operate continuously for 20 hours / time without damage under the condition of a temperature of 100°C. It can directly or after purification discharge the dirty and high-temperature air in the building to the outside, and then supplement fresh air, so as to ensure the air quality requirements of the stairwell. It is a commonly used fire-fighting smoke exhaust device.

[0003] However, the existing fire-fighting smoke exhaust devices have problems caused by the repeated setting of the mechanical pressurized air supply system and the natural smoke exhaust facilities. The design principle of the mechanical pressurized air supply system is to prevent smoke from entering the evacuation stairwell through positive pressure during a fire to maintain the air quality in these areas, thereby providing a safe passage for personnel evacuation and fire-fighting and rescue. The natural smoke exhaust facilities, on the other hand, discharge the smoke in the stairwell by opening the smoke exhaust windows. When both are opened at the same time, the mechanical pressurized air supply system attempts to maintain positive pressure, while the natural smoke exhaust facilities are releasing smoke, which makes it difficult to form an effective positive pressure in the stairwell, thereby reducing the smoke prevention effect. To solve the above problems, a smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment is proposed in the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment, including a natural exhaust mechanism and an air extraction and exhaust assembly communicated with the natural exhaust mechanism. An inductor is arranged on the air extraction and exhaust assembly, and a mechanical pressurization mechanism and an intermittent communication mechanism are arranged in the natural exhaust mechanism. Among them, the mechanical pressurization mechanism is communicated with the air extraction and exhaust assembly, and both the natural exhaust mechanism and the air extraction and exhaust assembly, as well as the mechanical pressurization mechanism and the air extraction and exhaust assembly, can be used for the communication between the stairwell and the outside. During operation, when the inductor senses the occurrence of a fire, it drives the intermittent communication mechanism to intermittently block the mechanical pressurization mechanism and the air extraction and exhaust assembly, as well as the natural exhaust mechanism and the air extraction and exhaust assembly, so as to intermittently ventilate the stairwell and exhaust smoke to the outside of the stairwell.

[0005] Optionally, the natural exhaust mechanism includes a housing and an exhaust fan disposed inside the housing. A first communication box is fixedly provided on the outer sidewall of the housing. A first air duct is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the first communication box. The first air duct is used for connecting the air inlet end of the exhaust fan with the first communication box, and the first air duct is communicated with the air extraction and exhaust assembly. The mechanical pressurization mechanism includes a second air duct, a booster and a third air duct which are connected in communication. The booster is disposed between the second air duct and the third air duct. The third air duct is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the first communication box. The second air duct, the booster and the third air duct are used for connecting the outside of the stairwell with the air extraction and exhaust assembly.

[0006] Optionally, the air extraction and exhaust assembly includes a second communication box fixedly provided in the first communication box. The second communication box is connected and communicated with the first air duct and the second air duct. A fourth air duct is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the second communication box and the bottom plate of the first communication box. The lower end of the fourth air duct extends to the air extraction pipe. The air extraction pipe is fixedly provided on the lower end surface of the first communication box. The air extraction pipe is provided with a smoke extraction window and a ventilation booster window. The smoke extraction window is disposed above the ventilation booster window. The upper end opening of the second communication box is covered and provided with a sealing cover. A sealing block is provided on the upper end surface of the sealing cover. The first air duct and the second air duct are provided on the same side plate of the second communication box. The fourth air duct and the first air duct and the second air duct are respectively provided on the opposite two side plates of the second communication box.

[0007] Optionally, the intermittent communication mechanism includes a partition plate movably disposed in the second communication box. The partition plate is slidably disposed on the inner sidewall of the second communication box. A driving groove is formed on the upper end surface of the partition plate. First straight racks are fixedly connected to the opposite two sidewalls of the driving groove. A missing gear is disposed between the two first straight racks. The missing gear is alternately and meshed with the two first straight racks. The missing gear is fixedly sleeved outside a first rotating rod. The upper end of the first rotating rod is fixedly provided on the driving end of a driving motor. The driving motor is fixedly provided on the inner top wall of the first communication box. The first rotating rod is movably inserted into the sealing block.

[0008] Optionally, the intermittent connection mechanism also includes a first guide assembly, one end of the first guide assembly is fixedly connected to the side wall of the partition plate, and the other end of the first guide assembly is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first connecting box, the first guide assembly includes a first guide rod, a first guide cylinder and a first guide spring, the first guide rod is movably inserted in the first guide cylinder, the first guide spring is wound and arranged outside the first guide rod, and one end of the first guide spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guide rod, the other end of the first guide spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guide cylinder, the first guide cylinder is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the second connecting box, and the first guide rod is fixedly arranged on the partition plate.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes an intermittent control mechanism, which includes a first electrode contact fixedly arranged on the first side wall of the partition plate, a second electrode contact is abutted on the side wall of the first electrode contact, a first connecting spring is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the second electrode contact, and the free end of the first connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first connecting box; the intermittent control mechanism also includes a third electrode contact fixedly arranged on the second side wall of the partition plate, a fourth electrode contact matching the third electrode contact is arranged in the first connecting box, a second connecting spring is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fourth electrode contact, and the free end of the second connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first connecting box, and the first side wall and the second side wall are arranged relative to each other.

[0010] The cam is an airtight container, the first end of which is provided with a first gear and the second end of which is provided with a second gear, the second gear is connected to the first gear through a linking mechanism, and the two ends of the first gear are connected to the cam by a threaded connection.

[0011] Optionally, the connection component includes a screw rod fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod. The screw rod is threadedly inserted into an internally threaded tube, and the internally threaded tube is fixedly inserted into a moving block. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving block, and the free end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a blocking plate. One end of a second guiding component is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the moving block, and the other end of the second guiding component is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of a limiting block. The limiting block is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe. The second guiding component includes a second guiding rod, a second guiding cylinder, and a second guiding spring. The second guiding rod is movably inserted into the second guiding cylinder, and the second guiding spring is wound outside the second guiding rod. Two ends of the second guiding spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second guiding rod and the outer side wall of the second guiding cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, a sealing component is further included. The sealing component includes a sealing plug movably inserted into the through hole. A moving hole is formed in the sealing plug, and the transmission belt is movably inserted into the moving hole. An extension edge is fixedly arranged on the sealing plug, and a limiting ball is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the extension edge. The limiting ball is movably arranged in a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is formed in the second communication box. The limiting ball is made of an elastic material.

[0013] Optionally, a swinging mechanism is further included. The swinging mechanism includes a swinging hole formed in the exhaust pipe. The ventilation and pressurization window is movably arranged in the swinging hole. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ventilation and pressurization window, and the free end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a swinging plate. The swinging plate is fixedly arranged on a fourth rotating rod, and the fourth rotating rod is rotatably arranged on a support pipe. The support pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe. A blocking plate is abutted against the side wall of the swinging plate, and the blocking plate is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the support pipe. The number of the blocking plates is two, and a ventilation hole exists between the two blocking plates. The number of the swinging plates is two, and the two swinging plates and the fourth rotating rod form a blocking structure for blocking the ventilation hole. A reset spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swinging plate, and the free end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the support pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The present invention improves the structure of the existing smoke exhaust device. After improvement, the natural exhaust mechanism and the mechanical pressurization mechanism are separately arranged, and can separately perform smoke exhaust operations outside the stairwell and exhaust operations inside the stairwell. And a discontinuous connection mechanism for intermittently blocking the natural exhaust mechanism and the mechanical pressurization mechanism is provided, so as to ensure that the smoke exhaust of the natural exhaust mechanism and the ventilation of the mechanical pressurization mechanism will not occur simultaneously. Through the setting of the discontinuous connection mechanism, the smoke exhaust of the natural exhaust mechanism and the combined structure of the mechanical pressurization mechanism in the present invention, not only can the smoke in the stairwell be discharged, but also sufficient gas can be introduced into the stairwell to ensure that there is sufficient gas pressure in the stairwell to block the smoke from entering the stairwell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 1 Internal structural diagram of the first connection box in the smoke exhaust device;

[0018] Figure 3 Smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the smoke exhaust device;

[0019] Figure 4 Smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure B in the smoke exhaust device;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the blocking mechanism arranged in the first connection box and the exhaust pipe in the smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure C in the smoke exhaust device;

[0022] Figure 7 Partial sectional structural diagram of the blocking mechanism arranged in the first connection box in the smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the sealing component arranged in the through hole in the smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 Smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure D in the smoke exhaust device;

[0025] Figure 10 Smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 1Partial structural schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe

[0026] Figure 11 The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment of the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure E

[0027] Description of reference numerals

[0028] Natural exhaust mechanism 1, housing 11, exhaust fan 12, first communication box 13, first air duct 14, mechanical pressurization mechanism 2, second air duct 21, booster 22, third air duct 23, exhaust and intake assembly 3, second communication box 31, fourth air duct 32, exhaust pipe 33, smoke extraction window 34, ventilation booster window 35, sealing cover 36, sealing block 37, intermittent connection mechanism 4, partition plate 41, drive groove 42, first straight rack 43, missing gear 44, first rotating rod 45, drive motor 46, first guiding assembly 47, first guiding rod 471, first guiding cylinder 472, first guiding spring 473, intermittent control mechanism 5, first electrode contact 51, second electrode contact 52, first connecting spring 53, third electrode contact 54, fourth electrode contact 55, second connecting spring 56, sealing mechanism 6, through hole 61, transmission belt 62, first transmission wheel 63, second rotating rod 64, connecting assembly 65, screw rod 651, internally threaded pipe 652, moving block 653, connecting block 654, second guiding assembly 655, second guiding rod 6551, second guiding cylinder 6552, second guiding spring 6553, limiting block 656, sealing plate 66, second transmission wheel 67, third rotating rod 68, driving gear 69, second straight rack 610, inductor 7, sealing assembly 8, sealing plug 81, extending edge 82, moving hole 83, limiting ball 84, limiting groove 85, swinging mechanism 9, swinging hole 91, connecting plate 92, swinging plate 93, fourth rotating rod 94, blocking plate 95, support pipe 96, return spring 97 Detailed implementation manners

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in the field to which the present invention pertains. The words such as "including" used herein mean that the elements or objects appearing before this word cover the elements or objects listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects

[0030] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment, as Figure 1 shown. The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment includes a natural exhaust mechanism 1 and an air extraction and exhaust assembly 3 communicated with the natural exhaust mechanism 1. The natural exhaust mechanism 1 is used to exhaust the smoke in the stairwell. An inductor 7 is arranged on the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3. The arrangement of the inductor 7 is for the intelligent control of the device. The inductor 7 can be a smoke inductor, but is not limited to a smoke inductor. A mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 and an intermittent connection mechanism 4 are arranged in the natural exhaust mechanism 1. Among them, the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 is communicated with the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3. And both the natural exhaust mechanism 1 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3, as well as the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3 can be used for the connection between the stairwell and the outside. It can be understood that the natural exhaust mechanism 1 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3 form a gas passage, and the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3 form another gas passage. During operation, when the inductor 7 senses the occurrence of a fire, it drives the intermittent connection mechanism 4 to intermittently block the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3, as well as the natural exhaust mechanism 1 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3, so as to intermittently ventilate the stairwell and exhaust the smoke out of the stairwell.

[0031] In this embodiment, the gas passages formed by the natural exhaust mechanism 1 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3, and the gas passages formed by the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3 will be intermittently blocked by the intermittent connection mechanism 4. Specifically, when the intermittent connection mechanism 4 blocks the gas passage formed by the natural exhaust mechanism 1 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3, the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 ventilates the stairwell; when the intermittent connection mechanism 4 blocks the gas passage formed by the mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 and the air extraction and exhaust assembly 3, the natural exhaust mechanism 1 exhausts the smoke out of the stairwell.

[0032] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the natural exhaust mechanism 1 includes a housing 11, which is embedded in the wall or fixed outside the wall. And an exhaust fan 12 provided in the housing 11. A first communication box 13 is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the housing 11. A first air duct 14 is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the first communication box 13. The first air duct 14 is used for connecting the air inlet end of the exhaust fan 12 and the first communication box 13, and the first air duct 14 is connected to the exhaust and intake assembly 3. The mechanical pressurization mechanism 2 includes a second air duct 21, a supercharger 22 and a third air duct 23 which are connected. It can be understood that the second air duct 21 is connected to the right outlet of the supercharger 22, and the third air duct 23 is connected to the left inlet of the supercharger 22. The supercharger 22 is provided between the second air duct 21 and the third air duct 23. The third air duct 23 is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the first communication box 13. The second air duct 21, the supercharger 22 and the third air duct 23 are used for connecting outside the stairwell and the exhaust and intake assembly 3.

[0033] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the exhaust and intake assembly 3 includes a second communication box 31 fixedly provided in the first communication box 13. The second communication box 31 is connected to the first air duct 14 and the second air duct 21. A fourth air duct 32 is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the second communication box 31 and the bottom plate of the first communication box 13. The lower end of the fourth air duct 32 extends to the exhaust pipe 33. The fourth air duct 32 has an "L" - shaped structure. The exhaust pipe 33 is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the first communication box 13. The exhaust pipe 33 is provided with a smoke extraction window 34 and a ventilation and pressurization window 35. The smoke extraction window 34 is provided above the ventilation and pressurization window 35. In this embodiment, the setting of the smoke extraction window 34 is for exhausting smoke, and the ventilation and pressurization window 35 is for ventilating into the stairwell. Such a setting aims to utilize the characteristic that smoke floats, so that the smoke can be evacuated from the stairwell more quickly and completely. At the same time, the introduced gas can be directly delivered to the range where people can breathe. Moreover, the introduced gas can push the smoke upward from below, making the smoke further away from the crowd. A sealing cover 36 is covered on the upper opening of the second communication box 31. A sealing block 37 is provided on the upper end face of the sealing cover 36. The first air duct 14 and the second air duct 21 are arranged on the same side plate of the second communication box 31 (it can be understood as the left side plate of the second communication box 31). The fourth air duct 32 and the first air duct 14 and the second air duct 21 are respectively arranged on the opposite two side plates of the second communication box 31 (it can be understood that the fourth air duct 32 is arranged on the right side plate of the second communication box 31).

[0034] In one embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the intermittent connection mechanism 4 includes a partition plate 41 movably arranged in the second connection box 31. The partition plate 41 is slidably arranged on the inner side wall of the second connection box 31, and the partition plate 41 can move back and forth in the second connection box 31. The partition plate 41 can be used to block the right ends of the first air duct 14 and the second air duct 21, and the blocking of the first air duct 14 and the second air duct 21 is not carried out simultaneously, that is, when the second air duct 21 is blocked, the first air duct 14 is not blocked. A driving groove 42 is formed on the upper end surface of the partition plate 41. First straight racks 43 are fixedly connected to the opposite side walls of the driving groove 42 (which can be understood as the left side wall and the right side wall). A missing gear 44 is arranged between the two first straight racks 43. The missing gear 44 is alternately meshed with the two first straight racks 43. The missing gear 44 is fixedly sleeved outside the first rotating rod 45. The upper end of the first rotating rod 45 is fixedly arranged on the driving end of a driving motor 46. The driving motor 46 is fixedly arranged on the inner top wall of the first connection box 13. The first rotating rod 45 is movably inserted into the blocking block 37.

[0035] During operation, when the sensor 7 senses a fire, the sensor 7 will control the driving motor 46, the exhaust fan 12 and the booster 22 to start synchronously. When the driving motor 46 starts, it will drive the missing gear 44 to rotate through the first rotating rod 45. Since the missing gear 44 is alternately meshed with the two first straight racks 43, the partition plate 41 will be driven to move back and forth cyclically through the missing gear 44 and the two first straight racks 43. When the partition plate 41 moves backward, it will block the right end of the second air duct 21. For Figure 2 example, at this time, when the exhaust fan 12 works, it will extract the smoke in the stairwell through the first air duct 14, the second connection box 31, the fourth air duct 32, the exhaust pipe 33 and the smoke extraction window 34. Similarly, when the partition plate 41 moves forward, it will block the right end of the first air duct 14. At this time, when the booster 22 works, the sucked gas will be input into the stairwell through the second air duct 21, the second connection box 31, the fourth air duct 32, the exhaust pipe 33 and the ventilation and pressurization window 35. The introduction of the gas will, on the one hand, increase the gas pressure in the stairwell and prevent the smoke from entering the stairwell, and on the other hand, will push the smoke in the stairwell upward away from the crowd. In the above example, both the exhaust fan 12 and the booster 22 are controlled by the sensor 7.

[0036] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the intermittent connection mechanism 4 further includes a first guiding component 47. One end of the first guiding component 47 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the partition plate 41, and the other end of the first guiding component 47 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first communication box 13. The setting of the first guiding component 47 is used to guide and support the movement of the partition plate 41, so that the partition plate 41 can only perform cyclic movement in the front-back direction. The first guiding component 47 includes a first guiding rod 471, a first guiding cylinder 472, and a first guiding spring 473. The first guiding rod 471 is movably inserted into the first guiding cylinder 472. The first guiding spring 473 is wound around the first guiding rod 471. One end of the first guiding spring 473 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guiding rod 471, and the other end of the first guiding spring 473 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guiding cylinder 472. The first guiding cylinder 472 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the second communication box 31, and the first guiding rod 471 is fixedly arranged on the partition plate 41.

[0037] During the process of the aforementioned sensor 7 controlling the exhaust fan 12 and the booster 22, the sensor 7 will synchronously control the exhaust fan 12 and the booster 22. In this way, when the partition plate 41 blocks the first air duct 14 or the second air duct 21, both the exhaust fan 12 and the booster 22 are working. Specifically, when the partition plate 41 blocks the first air duct 14, the operation of the exhaust fan 12 will continue to extract the gas in the first air duct 14, generating a negative pressure, so that the partition plate 41 closely adheres to the inner side wall of the second communication box 31, which will affect the backward movement of the partition plate 41. When the partition plate 41 blocks the second air duct 21, the operation of the booster 22 will cause a large amount of gas to quickly increase in the second air duct 21, resulting in a rapid increase in the air pressure in the second air duct 21, which will bring certain potential safety hazards and even cause an explosion. To solve the above problems, in one embodiment, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment further includes an intermittent control mechanism 5. The setting of the intermittent control mechanism 5 is used to control the start and stop of the exhaust fan 12 and the booster 22, and can solve the above technical problems. Specifically, when the partition plate 41 blocks the second air duct 21, the exhaust fan 12 is controlled to start, and the booster 22 is controlled to stop. When the partition plate 41 blocks the first air duct 14, the exhaust fan 12 is controlled to stop, and the booster 22 is controlled to start.

[0038] Specifically, in one example, as Figure 3As shown, the intermittent control mechanism 5 includes a first electrode contact piece 51 fixedly arranged on the first side wall (which can be understood as the rear side wall) of the partition plate 41. A second electrode contact piece 52 is abutted on the side wall of the first electrode contact piece 51. As Figure 3 shown in the example, in this example, the partition plate 41 is used for blocking the second air duct 21. A first connecting spring 53 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the second electrode contact piece 52. The free end of the first connecting spring 53 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first communication box 13. In this embodiment, the contact between the second electrode contact piece 52 and the first electrode contact piece 51 is used to connect the series circuit for controlling the operation of the exhaust fan 12. In this state, the exhaust fan 12 operates and the booster 22 does not operate.

[0039] In another example, as Figure 4 shown, the intermittent control mechanism 5 further includes a third electrode contact piece 54 fixedly arranged on the second side wall (which can be understood as the front side wall) of the partition plate 41. A fourth electrode contact piece 55 matching the third electrode contact piece 54 is arranged in the first communication box 13. A second connecting spring 56 is fixedly arranged on the side wall (which can be understood as the front side wall) of the fourth electrode contact piece 55. The free end (which can be understood as the front end) of the second connecting spring 56 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first communication box 13. The first side wall and the second side wall are arranged opposite to each other. In Figure 4 the example, the third electrode contact piece 54 and the fourth electrode contact piece 55 are separated. At this time, the series circuit for controlling the operation of the booster 22 is not connected. During the forward movement of the partition plate 41, the third electrode contact piece 54 will be driven to move forward. When the third electrode contact piece 54 contacts the fourth electrode contact piece 55, the series circuit for controlling the start of the booster 22 is connected, and the booster 22 starts to operate. It should be noted that at the moment when the third electrode contact piece 54 contacts the fourth electrode contact piece 55, the first electrode contact piece 51 and the second electrode contact piece 52 are separated, and the exhaust fan 12 stops operating.

[0040] In order to better separate the smoke exhaust process and the ventilation process, in one embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the exhaust fan 12 further includes a blocking mechanism 6. The blocking mechanism 6 is used to intermittently block the smoking air window 34 and the ventilation booster window 35. Specifically, when exhausting smoke, the blocking mechanism 6 blocks the ventilation booster window 35, and when ventilating, the blocking mechanism 6 blocks the smoking air window 34. The purpose of such a setting is to ensure that only the smoke in the smoke layer is extracted when exhausting smoke, and the fresh air introduced can be prevented from mixing with the smoke when ventilating.

[0041] Specifically, in one example, as Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the plugging mechanism 6 includes a through hole 61 formed in the side plate (which can be understood as the right side plate) of the second communication box 31. A transmission belt 62 is movably arranged in the through hole 61. One end (which can be understood as the right end) of the transmission belt 62 is drivingly connected to a first transmission wheel 63. The first transmission wheel 63 is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod 64. The second rotating rod 64 is rotatably arranged on the fourth air duct 32. The lower end of the second rotating rod 64 extends into the exhaust pipe 33. Two connecting components 65 are arranged on the second rotating rod 64. A plugging plate 66 is arranged in a matching manner on the connecting component 65. The two plugging plates 66 are respectively arranged in a matching manner with the smoke extraction window 34 and the ventilation and pressurization window 35. The other end (which can be understood as the left end) of the transmission belt 62 is drivingly connected to a second transmission wheel 67. The second transmission wheel 67 is fixedly sleeved outside the third rotating rod 68. The third rotating rod 68 is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the second communication box 31. A driving gear 69 is fixedly sleeved outside the third rotating rod 68. The driving gear 69 is meshed with a second straight rack 610. The second straight rack 610 is fixedly arranged on the side wall (which can be understood as the right side wall) of the partition plate 41.

[0042] In one embodiment, as Figure 6 shown, the connecting component 65 includes a screw rod 651 fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod 64. The screw rod 651 is threadedly inserted into an internal thread tube 652. The internal thread tube 652 is fixedly inserted on a moving block 653. The right side wall of the moving block 653 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 654. The free end (which can be understood as the right end) of the connecting block 654 is fixedly connected to the plugging plate 66. One end of a second guiding component 655 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the moving block 653. The other end of the second guiding component 655 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of a limiting block 656. The limiting block 656 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe 33. The arrangement of the combined structure of the second guiding component 655 and the limiting block 656 is used to limit the movement of the moving block 653, so that the moving block 653 can only move in the vertical direction. The second guiding component 655 includes a second guiding rod 6551, a second guiding cylinder 6552 and a second guiding spring 6553. The second guiding rod 6551 is movably inserted into the second guiding cylinder 6552. The second guiding spring 6553 is wound outside the second guiding rod 6551. The two ends of the second guiding spring 6553 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second guiding rod 6551 and the outer side wall of the second guiding cylinder 6552.

[0043] It should be noted that since the partition plate 41 moves in a forward and backward circular motion, during the movement in these two directions, it will drive the second rotating rod 64 to rotate, thereby driving the blocking plate 66 to move upward or downward in a circular motion. When the blocking plate 66 moves downward, the lower blocking plate 66 will block the ventilation and pressurization window 35, and the smoke extraction window 34 will open. At this time, as Figure 2 In the example, the partition plate 41 blocks the second air duct 21, and the supercharger 22 stops working. The principle is the same vice versa, and will not be elaborated here. Specifically, when the partition plate 41 moves forward, it will drive the second straight rack 610 to move forward. The forward movement of the second straight rack 610 will drive the driving gear 69 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 69 will drive the second rotating rod 64 to rotate through the third rotating rod 68, the second transmission wheel 67, the transmission belt 62 and the first transmission wheel 63. The rotation of the second rotating rod 64 will drive the screw rod 651 to rotate. Since the screw rod 651 is threadedly inserted into the internal thread tube 652 and restricted by the second guiding assembly 655 and the limiting block 656, the moving block 653 can only move upward in the vertical direction. The upward movement of the moving block 653 will drive the blocking plate 66 to move upward through the connecting block 654. The upward movement of the blocking plate 66 will cause the upper blocking plate 66 to block the smoke extraction window 34, and the ventilation and pressurization window 35 will be opened. At this time, the partition plate 41 is used to block the first air duct 14, and the supercharger 22 works. Vice versa, the principle of the partition plate 41 moving backward is the same and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] In order to prevent the gas entering the second communication box 31 from being discharged outside the second communication box 31 through the through hole 61, in one embodiment, as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the smoke exhaust device based on the fire-fighting equipment further includes a sealing assembly 8. The sealing assembly 8 is provided to seal the through hole 61 to prevent the gas in the second communication box 31 from being discharged through the through hole 61. It should be noted that the structural design of the sealing assembly 8 is reasonable and will not affect the movement of the transmission belt 62. The sealing assembly 8 includes a sealing plug 81 movably inserted into the through hole 61. A moving hole 83 is opened on the sealing plug 81, and the transmission belt 62 is movably inserted into the moving hole 83. An extension edge 82 is fixedly provided on the sealing plug 81, and a limiting ball 84 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the extension edge 82. The limiting ball 84 is movably arranged in a limiting groove 85. The limiting groove 85 is opened on the second communication box 31, and the limiting ball 84 is made of an elastic material. In this embodiment, the structural design of the sealing assembly 8 is reasonable, and the convenient installation and disassembly of the sealing assembly 8 and the second communication box 31 can be realized.

[0045] In order to make the gas introduced into the stairwell have different directions, so that oxygen can escape into the stairwell more quickly. In one embodiment, asFigure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment further includes a swing mechanism 9. The swing mechanism 9 can control the ventilation and pressurization window 35 to swing, so that the fresh air introduced can be guided into the staircase in different directions. Moreover, the swing mechanism 9 is reasonably designed in structure and can control the swing of the ventilation and pressurization window 35 without adding an additional power source. The swing mechanism 9 includes a swing hole 91 opened on the exhaust pipe 33. The ventilation and pressurization window 35 is movably arranged in the swing hole 91. A connecting plate 92 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ventilation and pressurization window 35. The free end (which can be understood as the left end) of the connecting plate 92 is fixedly connected to a swing plate 93. The swing plate 93 is fixedly arranged on a fourth rotating rod 94. The fourth rotating rod 94 is rotatably arranged on a support pipe 96. It should be understood that the front end of the support pipe 96 also has a front plate. Figure 11 It is a display example after cutting off the front plate. Such a display is for better observing the inside of the support pipe 96 and better understanding the intention of the present invention. The support pipe 96 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe 33. A blocking plate 95 is arranged in contact with the side wall of the swing plate 93. The blocking plate 95 is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the support pipe 96. The number of the blocking plates 95 is two. There is a ventilation hole between the two blocking plates 95. The number of the swing plates 93 is two. The two swing plates 93 and the fourth rotating rod 94 form a blocking structure for blocking the ventilation hole. A return spring 97 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing plate 93. The free end of the return spring 97 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the support pipe 96.

[0046] During smoke exhaust, the blocking plate 66 is used for blocking the left end of the support pipe 96. When no gas enters the support pipe 96, the blocking structure is used for blocking the ventilation hole. When gas enters the support pipe 96, as the gas on the left side of the blocking structure increases, it will push the blocking structure to rotate counterclockwise. The rotation of the blocking structure will drive the ventilation and pressurization window 35 to rotate through the connecting plate 92. When the blocking structure is pushed away from the blocking plate 95, the ventilation hole is opened. At this time, gas is introduced into the staircase through the ventilation and pressurization window 35. When the air pressure on the left side of the blocking structure is less than the restoring force of the return spring 97, the blocking structure is pulled to move clockwise for reset. It should be noted that as long as gas enters the support pipe 96, the counterclockwise and clockwise movements of the blocking structure will cycle, which will drive the ventilation and pressurization window 35 to swing, so as to change the direction of the gas introduced into the staircase through the ventilation and pressurization window 35, so that fresh air can quickly fill the staircase.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations are all within the scope and spirit of the present invention. Moreover, the present invention as described herein may have other embodiments and can be implemented or realized in various ways.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment, characterized in that It includes a natural exhaust mechanism (1) and an exhaust and intake assembly (3) connected to the natural exhaust mechanism (1). An inductor (7) is provided on the exhaust and intake assembly (3). A mechanical pressurization mechanism (2) and an intermittent connection mechanism (4) are provided in the natural exhaust mechanism (1). Among them, the mechanical pressurization mechanism (2) is connected to the exhaust and intake assembly (3). Moreover, both the natural exhaust mechanism (1) and the exhaust and intake assembly (3), as well as the mechanical pressurization mechanism (2) and the exhaust and intake assembly (3), can be used for the connection between the stairwell and the outdoors. During operation, when the inductor (7) senses a fire, it drives the intermittent connection mechanism (4) to intermittently block the mechanical pressurization mechanism (2) and the exhaust and intake assembly (3), as well as the natural exhaust mechanism (1) and the exhaust and intake assembly (3), so as to intermittently ventilate the stairwell and exhaust smoke to the outside of the stairwell. Smoke extraction windows (34) and ventilation booster windows (35) are provided on the exhaust pipe (33). The smoke extraction windows (34) are arranged above the ventilation booster windows (35). The intermittent connection mechanism (4) includes a partition plate (41) movably arranged in the second connection box (31). The partition plate (41) is slidably arranged on the inner side wall of the second connection box (31). A driving groove (42) is formed on the upper end surface of the partition plate (41). First straight racks (43) are fixedly connected to the opposite side walls of the driving groove (42). A missing gear (44) is arranged between the two first straight racks (43). The missing gear (44) is alternately meshed with the two first straight racks (43). The missing gear (44) is fixedly sleeved outside the first rotating rod (45). The upper end of the first rotating rod (45) is fixedly arranged on the driving end of the driving motor (46). The driving motor (46) is fixedly arranged on the inner top wall of the first connection box (13). The first rotating rod (45) is movably inserted into the plugging block (37). The connection assembly (65) includes a screw rod (651) fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod (64). The screw rod (651) is threadedly inserted into the internal thread pipe (652). The internal thread pipe (652) is fixedly inserted into the moving block (653). A connecting block (654) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving block (653). The free end of the connecting block (654) is fixedly connected to the plugging plate (66). One end of a second guiding assembly (655) is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the moving block (653). The other end of the second guiding assembly (655) is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the limiting block (656). The limiting block (656) is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe (33). The second guiding assembly (655) includes a second guiding rod (6551), a second guiding cylinder (6552), and a second guiding spring (6553). The second guiding rod (6551) is movably inserted into the second guiding cylinder (6552). The second guiding spring (6553) is wound outside the second guiding rod (6551). And the two ends of the second guiding spring (6553) are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second guiding rod (6551) and the outer side wall of the second guiding cylinder (6552). It further includes a sealing assembly (8). The sealing assembly (8) includes a sealing plug (81) movably inserted into the through hole (61). A moving hole (83) is formed in the sealing plug (81). The transmission belt (62) is movably inserted into the moving hole (83). An extension edge (82) is fixedly provided on the sealing plug (81). A limiting ball (84) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the extension edge (82). The limiting ball (84) is movably arranged in a limiting groove (85). The limiting groove (85) is formed in the second communication box (31). The limiting ball (84) is made of an elastic material. It further includes a swinging mechanism (9). The swinging mechanism (9) includes a swinging hole (91) formed in the exhaust pipe (33). The ventilation and pressurization window (35) is movably arranged in the swinging hole (91). A connecting plate (92) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ventilation and pressurization window (35). The free end of the connecting plate (92) is fixedly connected to a swinging plate (93). The swinging plate (93) is fixedly arranged on a fourth rotating rod (94). The fourth rotating rod (94) is rotatably arranged on a support pipe (96). The support pipe (96) is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe (33). A blocking plate (95) is provided in contact with the side wall of the swinging plate (93). The blocking plate (95) is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the support pipe (96). The number of the blocking plates (95) is two. There is a ventilation hole between the two blocking plates (95). The number of the swinging plates (93) is two. The two swinging plates (93) and the fourth rotating rod (94) form a blocking structure for blocking the ventilation hole. A return spring (97) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swinging plate (93). The free end of the return spring (97) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the support pipe (96).

2. The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The natural exhaust mechanism (1) includes a housing (11) and an exhaust fan (12) arranged in the housing (11). A first communication box (13) is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the housing (11). A first air duct (14) is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the first communication box (13). The first air duct (14) is used for connecting the air inlet end of the exhaust fan (12) and the first communication box (13), and the first air duct (14) is connected to the air extraction and exhaust assembly (3). The mechanical pressurization mechanism (2) includes a second air duct (21), a supercharger (22) and a third air duct (23) which are connected in communication. The supercharger (22) is arranged between the second air duct (21) and the third air duct (23). The third air duct (23) is fixedly inserted into the side plate of the first communication box (13). The second air duct (21), the supercharger (22) and the third air duct (23) are used for connecting the outside of the stairwell and the air extraction and exhaust assembly (3).

3. The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment according to claim 2, wherein, The air extraction and exhaust assembly (3) includes a second communication box (31) fixedly arranged in the first communication box (13). The second communication box (31) is communicated with the first air duct (14) and the second air duct (21). A fourth air duct (32) is fixedly inserted on the side plate of the second communication box (31) and the bottom plate of the first communication box (13). The lower end of the fourth air duct (32) extends to the air extraction and exhaust pipe (33). The air extraction and exhaust pipe (33) is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the first communication box (13). The upper end opening of the second communication box (31) is covered and provided with a sealing cover (36). A sealing block (37) is arranged on the upper end surface of the sealing cover (36). The first air duct (14) and the second air duct (21) are arranged on the same side plate of the second communication box (31). The fourth air duct (32) and the first air duct (14) and the second air duct (21) are respectively arranged on two opposite side plates of the second communication box (31).

4. The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The intermittent communication mechanism (4) further includes a first guiding assembly (47). One end of the first guiding assembly (47) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the partition plate (41), and the other end of the first guiding assembly (47) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first communication box (13). The first guiding assembly (47) includes a first guiding rod (471), a first guiding cylinder (472) and a first guiding spring (473). The first guiding rod (471) is movably inserted into the first guiding cylinder (472). The first guiding spring (473) is wound around the first guiding rod (471). One end of the first guiding spring (473) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guiding rod (471), and the other end of the first guiding spring (473) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guiding cylinder (472). The first guiding cylinder (472) is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the second communication box (31), and the first guiding rod (471) is fixedly arranged on the partition plate (41).

5. The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes an intermittent control mechanism (5). The intermittent control mechanism (5) includes a first electrode contact (51) fixedly arranged on the first side wall of the partition plate (41). A second electrode contact (52) is abutted against the side wall of the first electrode contact (51). A first connecting spring (53) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the second electrode contact (52). The free end of the first connecting spring (53) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first communication box (13). The intermittent control mechanism (5) further includes a third electrode contact (54) fixedly arranged on the second side wall of the partition plate (41). A fourth electrode contact (55) matched with the third electrode contact (54) is arranged in the first communication box (13). A second connecting spring (56) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fourth electrode contact (55). The free end of the second connecting spring (56) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first communication box (13). The first side wall and the second side wall are arranged oppositely.

6. The smoke exhaust device based on fire-fighting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes a plugging mechanism (6). The plugging mechanism (6) includes a through hole (61) formed in the side plate of the second communication box (31). A transmission belt (62) is movably arranged in the through hole (61). One end of the transmission belt (62) is drivingly connected to a first transmission wheel (63). The first transmission wheel (63) is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod (64). The second rotating rod (64) is rotatably arranged on the fourth air duct (32). The lower end of the second rotating rod (64) extends into the exhaust pipe (33). Two connecting components (65) are arranged on the second rotating rod (64). A plugging plate (66) is arranged on the connecting component (65) in a matching manner. The two plugging plates (66) are respectively arranged in a matching manner with the smoke extraction window (34) and the ventilation and pressurization window (35). The other end of the transmission belt (62) is drivingly connected to a second transmission wheel (67). The second transmission wheel (67) is fixedly sleeved outside the third rotating rod (68). The third rotating rod (68) is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom wall of the second communication box (31). A driving gear (69) is fixedly sleeved outside the third rotating rod (68). The driving gear (69) is meshed with a second straight rack (610). The second straight rack (610) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the partition plate (41).

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