A DC ore-fired furnace for smelting

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of smelting equipment, and proposes a DC smelting furnace, which includes an operating platform, an electric furnace body, a low smoke hood type furnace cover, a guide frame, a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply, a cooling water system and a hydraulic station, and is characterized in that: the low smoke hood type furnace cover is mounted on the upper end of the electric furnace body, the low smoke hood type furnace cover is composed of a side wall and a top cover, a graphite electrode fixture is arranged above the low smoke hood type furnace cover, and the graphite electrode fixture includes a connecting shaft, the upper end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the guide frame, and a sliding rod is vertically installed on the upper end of the connecting shaft. By canceling the original AC smelting furnace gripper system and replacing it with an arc furnace type conductive cross arm column lifting, the lifting is stable, the lifting speed is adjustable and controllable, and the traditional AC transformer is designed as a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply to provide main power, reduce power loss, and achieve the effect of saving smelting costs and reducing power grid impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of smelting devices, and in particular to a direct current smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Traditional submerged arc furnaces are used to smelt ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferronickel, industrial silicon and other ferroalloy products. When smelting ferroalloys, there are the following problems due to the characteristics of alternating current:

[0003] 1. Due to the long AC arc and unstable crucible area, the carbon electrode consumption is relatively large;

[0004] 2. AC ore-fired furnaces have a great impact on the power grid;

[0005] 3. The power input into the furnace is low, the input power is about 0.6-0.65, and the reactive power loss is large;

[0006] The electrode insertion depth and high temperature area are close to the furnace, the furnace condition is unstable, and the amount of smoke and dust is large.

[0007] To this end, a DC ore-fired furnace is developed. Compared with the traditional AC ore-fired furnace, the DC ore-fired furnace can reduce the impact of the power grid, increase the input power into the furnace, stabilize the furnace condition, reduce the smoke emission, and reduce the investment in subsequent auxiliary equipment (dust removal system). At the same time, the electrode lifting system in the prior art generally includes an electrode holder, an electrode lifting mechanism and an electrode guide mechanism. The electrode is clamped by the electrode holder and moves up and down along the guide mechanism at a constant speed under the drive of the electrode lifting mechanism. However, during the incineration process, a lot of toxic and harmful slag and fly ash are generated in the furnace. These slags have complex compositions and different textures. Some slags have hard textures. When encountering obstacles, the electrodes still move at the set speed, resulting in direct and continuous collision between the electrodes and the obstacles. Eventually, the electrodes are subjected to excessive force and crack or break.

[0008] Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed a direct current smelting furnace. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a direct current smelting furnace to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention provides a DC smelting furnace, including an operating platform, an electric furnace body, a low smoke hood type furnace cover, a guide frame, a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply, a cooling water system and a hydraulic station, characterized in that: the low smoke hood type furnace cover is mounted on the upper end of the electric furnace body, the low smoke hood type furnace cover is composed of side walls and a top cover, a graphite electrode clamp is arranged above the low smoke hood type furnace cover, the graphite electrode clamp includes a connecting shaft, the upper end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the guide frame, a sliding rod is vertically installed on the upper end of the connecting shaft, a sliding block is slidably installed on the sliding rod, the bottom end of the sliding block is fixedly connected to a support basket, the interior of the support basket is fixedly connected to a spring, the carbon electrode is fixedly installed in the spring, the upper end of the sliding block is fixedly connected to a connecting buckle, and an adjustment component is sleeved on the connecting buckle.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a low smoke hood type furnace cover is fixedly installed on the upper end of the electric furnace body, and the side walls and top cover of the low smoke hood type furnace cover are water-cooled structures. A chimney hole is opened on the outer side of the top of the low smoke hood type furnace cover, and a furnace exhaust system is connected to the chimney hole. The furnace exhaust system guides the smoke generated in the production process to the dust removal system.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the adjustment assembly includes four L-shaped connecting plates, the ends of two adjacent connecting plates are sleeved with connecting columns, a connecting block is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting column, and the connecting block is fixedly connected to the graphite electrode clamp with a third hydraulic push rod.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the number of the guide racks and the number of the graphite electrode fixtures are four, and the four graphite electrode fixtures are spliced ​​into an X shape and are respectively connected to the four guide racks.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the low smoke hood type furnace cover includes a furnace cover body, a feed hopper is movably installed on the side of the furnace cover body, a bottom plate is hinged at the bottom of the feed hopper, a baffle is arranged inside the feed hopper, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the inside of the furnace cover body.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, four sockets are opened in the center of the top of the furnace cover body, and the upper end of the furnace cover body is rotatably connected with a partition, the sockets are waist-shaped holes perpendicular to each other, and the partition is provided with a C-shaped hole overlapping the sockets, and the carbon electrodes are inserted in the waist-shaped hole and the C-shaped hole.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, the guide frame includes a guide arm, a conductive arm is installed on the upper end of the guide arm, a cable is connected to the tail end of the conductive arm, the cable is connected to a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply, and the bottom end of the guide arm is fixedly connected to a first hydraulic push rod and a second hydraulic push rod, the bottom end of the first hydraulic push rod is fixed to the ground, and the bottom end of the second hydraulic push rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the second layer of the operating platform.

[0017] The DC smelting furnace provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. By canceling the original AC ore-fired furnace holder system and replacing it with an arc furnace-type conductive cross-arm column lifting system, the lifting is smooth and the lifting speed is adjustable and controllable. The traditional AC transformer is designed as a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply to provide the main power, reduce power loss, save smelting costs, and reduce the impact of the power grid.

[0019] 2. A feed hopper is installed in an opening on one side of the furnace cover body. The feed hopper is made of high-temperature refractory material. When the feed hopper is pulled out, the bottom of the bottom plate is closed, and the baffle is blocked on the inside of the opening to prevent the hot air from the furnace body and the low smoke hood type furnace cover from gushing out. After the feed hopper is fed in, the bottom of the bottom plate is opened, and the baffle is flipped up to put the material inside the feed hopper into the furnace body of the electric furnace. The feed hopper can be used to deliver materials quickly and safely to prevent workers from being injured by high temperatures.

[0020] 3. The carbon electrode is clamped by a spring, which plays a corresponding buffering role when the carbon electrode is raised or lowered. When the carbon electrode descends in the furnace and hits the slag, the carbon electrode is supported to prevent the carbon electrode from being damaged due to a hard collision with the slag. When the carbon electrode is incinerated, the spring automatically drops a small amount according to the incineration situation to adjust the depth of the carbon electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a DC smelting furnace provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection between an electric furnace body, a low smoke hood type furnace cover, and a guide frame of a DC ore-fired furnace for smelting provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the guide frame structure of a DC smelting furnace provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a low smoke hood type furnace cover structure of a DC smelting furnace provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the closed feeding hopper of a DC ore-fired furnace for smelting provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the extraction of a feed hopper of a DC ore-fired furnace for smelting provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a graphite electrode fixture for a DC smelting furnace provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an explosion of a graphite electrode fixture of a DC smelting furnace provided in this application;

[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment component of a DC smelting furnace provided in this application.

[0031] In the figure: 1. operating platform; 2. electric furnace body; 3. low smoke hood type furnace cover; 31. furnace cover body; 32. feed hopper; 33. bottom plate; 34. baffle; 35. socket; 36. partition; 4. guide frame; 41. guide arm; 42. conductive arm; 43. cable; 44. first hydraulic push rod; 45. second hydraulic push rod; 5. rectifier transformer and DC power supply; 6. cooling water system; 7. hydraulic station; 8. furnace exhaust system; 9. graphite electrode fixture; 91. connecting shaft; 92. sliding rod; 93. sliding block; 94. connecting buckle; 95. spring; 96. support basket; 10. adjustment component; 1001. connecting plate; 1002. connecting column; 1003. connecting block; 1004. third hydraulic push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples of the specification. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, the present embodiment proposes a DC ore-fired furnace for smelting, comprising an operating platform 1, an electric furnace body 2, a low smoke hood type furnace cover 3, a guide frame 4, a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply 5, a cooling water system 6 and a hydraulic station 7, the low smoke hood type furnace cover 3 is mounted on the upper end of the electric furnace body 2, the low smoke hood type furnace cover 3 is composed of a side wall and a top cover, a graphite electrode fixture 9 is arranged above the low smoke hood type furnace cover 3, the graphite electrode fixture 9 comprises a connecting shaft 91, the upper end of the connecting shaft 91 is fixedly connected to the guide frame 4, a sliding rod 92 is vertically installed on the upper end of the connecting shaft 91, a sliding block 93 is slidably installed on the sliding rod 92, a supporting basket 96 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding block 93, a spring 95 is fixedly connected to the interior of the supporting basket 96, and a carbon electrode is fixedly connected to the graphite electrode. The element electrode is fixedly installed in the spring 95, and the upper end of the slider 93 is fixedly connected with a connecting buckle 94, and the connecting buckle 94 is sleeved with an adjusting component 10. The rectifier transformer and the DC power supply 5 are the core parts of this set of DC furnace, and their function is to rectify the 380V low-voltage electricity into a DC power supply. The DC power supply is output to the cable 43 through the output terminal to the operating platform 1. The traditional AC transformer is designed as a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply to provide main electric energy, reduce power loss, save smelting costs, and reduce the impact of the power grid. The cooling water system 6 mainly provides water cooling for the rectifier transformer and the DC power supply 5, the low smoke hood type furnace cover 3, the guide frame 4, the cable 43 and the furnace exhaust system 8 to reduce and take away heat.

[0034] A short smoke hood type furnace cover 3 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the electric furnace body 2. The side walls and the bottom wall of the short smoke hood type furnace cover 3 are water-cooled structures. A chimney hole is opened on the outer side of the top of the short smoke hood type furnace cover 3. The chimney hole is connected with a furnace exhaust system 8. The furnace exhaust system 8 guides the smoke generated in the production process to the dust removal system. The electric furnace body 2 is the main smelting area, which is equivalent to a crucible. The top is open. The furnace exhaust system 8 is used to collect the smoke generated in the smelting process to reduce smoke pollution. The furnace exhaust system 8 discharges the smoke generated at the furnace outlet during the furnace discharge to the dust collector. Due to the use of a direct current furnace, the smoke volume is reduced by 30%, and the dust removal pipeline and dust collector can reduce part of the investment.

[0035] The adjusting component 10 includes four L-shaped connecting plates 1001, and the ends of two adjacent connecting plates 1001 are sleeved with connecting columns 1002. A connecting block 1003 is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting column 1002. The connecting block 1003 is fixedly connected to the graphite electrode fixture 9 with a third hydraulic push rod 1004. The adjusting component 10 connects the four graphite electrode fixtures 9, and at the same time, the third hydraulic push rod 1004 pushes and pulls the connecting block 1003 to drive the slider 93 to slide along the slide rod 92, so that the slide rod 92 drives the four carbon electrodes to slide in the socket 35, and adjusts the position of the carbon electrode inside the operating platform 1, so that the carbon electrode is applicable to the inside of the electric furnace body 2, and achieves the best working state of the smelting process.

[0036] There are four guide racks 4 and four graphite electrode clamps 9. The four graphite electrode clamps 9 are spliced ​​into an X shape and are respectively connected to the four guide racks 4. The four graphite electrode clamps 9 respectively clamp four carbon electrodes for use of the carbon electrodes.

[0037] The low smoke hood type furnace cover 3 includes a furnace cover body 31, a feed hopper 32 is movably installed on the side of the furnace cover body 31, a bottom plate 33 is hinged at the bottom of the feed hopper 32, a baffle 34 is arranged inside the feed hopper 32, the baffle 34 is fixedly connected to the inside of the furnace cover body 31, one side of the furnace cover body 31 is provided with an opening, and a feed hopper 32 of high-temperature refractory material is installed inside the opening, when the feed hopper 32 is pulled out, the bottom of the bottom plate 33 is closed, and the baffle 34 blocks the inside of the opening to prevent the hot air inside the electric furnace body 2 and the low smoke hood type furnace cover 3 from gushing out, after the feed hopper 32 is fed in, the bottom of the bottom plate 33 is opened, and the baffle 34 is flipped upwards, and the material inside the feed hopper 32 is put into the electric furnace body 2, and the material is delivered quickly and safely through the feed hopper 32 to prevent workers from being injured by high temperature.

[0038] Four sockets 35 are provided at the center of the top of the furnace cover body 31. The upper end of the furnace cover body 31 is rotatably connected with a partition 36. The sockets 35 are waist-shaped holes perpendicular to each other. The partition 36 is provided with a C-shaped hole overlapping the sockets 35, and the carbon electrodes are inserted into the waist-shaped holes and the C-shaped holes. The long holes on the sockets 35 are used to reserve space for lateral adjustment. At the same time, the sockets 35 are shielded by the partition 36 to prevent excessive smoke from being discharged from the gaps of the sockets 35.

[0039] The guide frame 4 includes a guide arm 41, a conductive arm 42 is installed at the upper end of the guide arm 41, a cable 43 is connected to the tail end of the conductive arm 42, the cable 43 is connected to the rectifier transformer and the DC power supply 5, and the bottom end of the guide arm 41 is fixedly connected to a first hydraulic push rod 44 and a second hydraulic push rod 45, the bottom end of the first hydraulic push rod 44 is fixed on the ground, and the bottom end of the second hydraulic push rod 45 is fixed to the bottom surface of the second layer of the operating platform 1. The electrode lifting device and the conductive arm 42 guide frame are mainly used to drive the lifting and lowering of carbon electrodes and the transmission of electric energy.

[0040] Specifically, when the DC smelting furnace is in use: the operating platform 1 is the main smelting area, equivalent to a crucible, with an open top; the short smoke hood type furnace cover 3 is composed of side walls and a top cover, both of which are water-cooled structures, and four holes are opened in the center of the top for inserting carbon electrodes; a chimney hole is opened on the outer side of the top of the short smoke hood type furnace cover 3, and the chimney hole is connected to the furnace exhaust system 8 to collect the smoke generated during the smelting process, reduce smoke pollution, and be used for the extraction of smoke generated during the production process; the guide frame 4 graphite electrode fixture 9 and the adjustment component 10 are mainly used to drive the carbon electrode to rise and fall and transmit electric energy; the cooling water system 6 is mainly for the rectifier transformer and DC power supply 5, hydraulic station 7, guide frame 4, short smoke hood type furnace cover 3 and furnace exhaust system 8 to supply water for cooling, reduce and take away heat; due to the use of a DC furnace, the amount of smoke is reduced by 30%, and the dust removal pipeline and dust collector can reduce part of the investment; the rectifier transformer and DC power supply 5 are the core parts of this set of DC furnace, and their functions It is used to rectify 380V low-voltage electricity into a DC power supply, and the DC power supply is output to the water-cooled cable to the furnace through the output terminal. The spring 95 plays a corresponding buffering role when the carbon electrode is raised and lowered. When the carbon electrode descends in the furnace and encounters slag to hinder the electrode from descending, the carbon electrode is supported to prevent the carbon electrode from being damaged by a hard collision with the slag. When the carbon electrode is incinerated, it automatically falls a small amount according to the incineration situation to adjust the depth of the carbon electrode; the material is delivered quickly and safely through the feed hopper 32 to prevent workers from being injured by high temperatures; by canceling the original AC ore-fired furnace gripper system and replacing it with an arc furnace-type conductive cross arm column lifting system, the lifting is smooth and the lifting speed is adjustable and controllable. The traditional AC transformer is designed as a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply to provide main power, reduce power loss, save smelting costs, and reduce the impact on the power grid. The content not described in detail in this description belongs to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A DC ore-fired furnace for smelting, comprising an operating platform (1), an electric furnace body (2), a low smoke hood type furnace cover (3), a guide frame (4), a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply (5), a cooling water system (6) and a hydraulic station (7), characterized in that: The short smoke hood type furnace cover (3) is mounted on the upper end of the electric furnace body (2); a graphite electrode fixture (9) is arranged above the short smoke hood type furnace cover (3); the graphite electrode fixture (9) comprises a connecting shaft (91); the upper end of the connecting shaft (91) is fixedly connected to the guide frame (4); a sliding rod (92) is vertically mounted on the upper end of the connecting shaft (91); a sliding block (93) is slidably mounted on the sliding rod (92); a supporting basket (96) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the supporting basket (96); 6) is fixedly connected to a spring (95) inside, the carbon electrode is fixedly installed in the spring (95), the upper end of the slider (93) is fixedly connected to a connecting buckle (94), the connecting buckle (94) is sleeved with an adjusting component (10), the upper end of the electric furnace body (2) is fixedly installed with a short smoke hood type furnace cover (3), the short smoke hood type furnace cover (3) is composed of a side wall and a top cover, the side wall and the top cover of the short smoke hood type furnace cover (3) are both water-cooled structures, and a chimney hole is opened on the outer side of the top of the short smoke hood type furnace cover (3) to allow smoke to pass through the furnace. The chimney hole is connected to a furnace exhaust system (8), and the furnace exhaust system (8) guides the smoke generated in the production process to the dust removal system. The regulating component (10) comprises four L-shaped connecting plates (1001), and the ends of two adjacent connecting plates (1001) are sleeved with connecting columns (1002). A connecting block (1003) is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting column (1002). The connecting block (1003) is fixedly connected to the graphite electrode fixture (9) by a third hydraulic push rod (1004). The number of the guide racks (4) and the number of the graphite electrode clamps (9) are both four, the four graphite electrode clamps (9) are spliced ​​into an X shape and are respectively connected to the four guide racks (4), the low smoke hood type furnace cover (3) comprises a furnace cover body (31), a feed hopper (32) is movably mounted on the side of the furnace cover body (31), a bottom plate (33) is hinged at the bottom of the feed hopper (32), a baffle (34) is arranged inside the feed hopper (32), and the baffle (34) is fixedly connected to the inside of the furnace cover body (31).

2. A DC smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four insertion holes (35) are provided at the center of the top of the furnace cover body (31); a partition plate (36) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the furnace cover body (31); the insertion holes (35) are waist-shaped holes perpendicular to each other; a C-shaped hole overlapping the insertion holes (35) is provided on the partition plate (36); and carbon electrodes are inserted into the waist-shaped holes and the C-shaped holes.

3. The DC smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide frame (4) comprises a guide arm (41), a conductive arm (42) being mounted on the upper end of the guide arm (41), a cable (43) being connected to the rear end of the conductive arm (42), the cable (43) being connected to a rectifier transformer and a DC power supply (5), and a first hydraulic push rod (44) and a second hydraulic push rod (45) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide arm (41), the bottom end of the first hydraulic push rod (44) being fixed on the ground, and the bottom end of the second hydraulic push rod (45) being fixed to the bottom surface of the second layer of the operating platform (1).

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