Transmit-receive channel anti-interference system based on river acoustic tomography flow measurement and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a system and a control method for anti-interference of a receiving and transmitting channel based on river sound tomography, and the system comprises a control host, a plurality of groups of independently matched probes, each group of probes comprising a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer; the receiving and transmitting channels of adjacent groups of probes work independently; when each transmitting transducer is vertically arranged, the angle of vertical directivity of the emitted signal needs to be greater than 60 degrees; the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than that of the corresponding transmitting transducers; the transmitting transducers are installed above water on the same bank; and the receiving transducers of the adjacent groups of probes are installed below water on the same bank outside the intensity curve range in which the sound intensity of the emitted signal of the transmitting transducers is attenuated by greater than 3dB. The system and the method can reduce the interference of various factors and improve the quality of the received sound wave signals and the measurement stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of river flow measurement data intelligent analysis, and particularly relates to a receiving and transmitting channel anti-interference system based on river acoustic tomography flow measurement and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] River acoustic tomography flow measurement is to measure large-scale river flow velocity and flow by emitting acoustic signals and analyzing received signals. The existing river acoustic tomography flow measurement system mostly uses a receiving and transmitting integrated transducer, and the layout control mode is simple, without considering the interference of various environmental factors, and various acoustic signals of the device itself interfere with each other.

[0003] The transducer of the existing system is an omnidirectional and receiving and transmitting integrated transducer. According to the conventional piezoelectric response and receiving sensitivity of the transducer, there are problems of repulsion and impedance characteristics in channel transmission. The signal is amplified at the same time, and the noise signal is also amplified. The noise is suppressed at the same time, and the acoustic wave signal is also suppressed. Therefore, in the receiving and transmitting integrated system, it is impossible to reduce the noise interference, accurately filter, improve the signal quality and stability in the effective measurement signal and the noise.

[0004] The existing flow measurement system, such as the patent with the patent name: Three-anchor system buoy type acoustic tomography measurement station, application number: CN202210701321.9, the three-anchor system buoy type acoustic tomography measurement station includes a base station base body and a measurement assembly. The base station base body includes a device cabin, the top of the device cabin is provided with a power supply assembly, the device cabin is provided with a plurality of floating bodies around, and the bottom of the device cabin is provided with a measurement assembly. The measurement assembly includes a hydrophone and a transmitter. Three anchors are uniformly arranged around the base station base body. The anchor is connected with the base station base body through an anchor chain. The anchor chain is provided with a float near the base station base body. The top of the base station base body is provided with a positioning and timing device. The measurement station uses a receiving and transmitting integrated transducer, and there are problems such as device vibration interference and clutter interference. The quality of the received signal is not high. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the design defects of the existing river acoustic tomography flow measurement system, reduce the interference of various factors, and improve the quality of the received acoustic wave signal and the measurement stability, the present application provides a receiving and transmitting channel anti-interference system based on river acoustic tomography flow measurement and a control method thereof.

[0006] Firstly, the present application provides a receiving and transmitting channel anti-interference system based on river acoustic tomography flow measurement, which includes a control host and a plurality of groups of independent matched probes. Each group of probes includes a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer. The receiving and transmitting channels of adjacent groups of probes work independently.

[0007] According to the working frequency band of each transmitting transducer, each transmitting transducer has a matched and consistent transmitting piezoelectric response in the working frequency band. When each transmitting transducer is vertically arranged, the angle of the vertical directivity of the emitted signal needs to be greater than 60 degrees.

[0008] According to the working frequency band of each group of receiving transducers, each of the receiving transducers has a matching consistent receiving sensitivity at the working frequency band; the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the working frequency band of the corresponding matching transmitting transducer; each of the receiving transducers is respectively connected to a corresponding matching signal amplifier and is uniformly connected to an AD acquisition circuit of the control host;

[0009] The transmitting transducer is installed above water on the same bank; and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are installed below water on the same bank outside the intensity curve range in which the sound intensity of the transmitting signal of the transmitting transducer is attenuated by greater than -3dB.

[0010] Further, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes arranged on the same side of the river are connected together through a damping material component.

[0011] Further, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes arranged on the same side of the river are connected together through a damping material component.

[0012] As an implementation manner, the probe includes one transmitting transducer and a plurality of receiving transducers, the plurality of receiving transducers are vertically arranged on the same side of the river, the arrangement spacing of each of the receiving transducers is adjusted according to the change of the water sound velocity at different temperatures, and the distance between adjacent receiving transducers is greater than 1℃.

[0013] Secondly, the application further provides a control method of the anti-interference system of the transmitting / receiving channel based on the river sound tomography flow measurement, including the following steps:

[0014] (1) connecting a plurality of groups of independently matched probes through the control host, each of the probes including a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer; and the transmitting / receiving channels of adjacent groups of probes are independently operated;

[0015] (2) installing the transmitting transducer above water on the same bank;

[0016] installing the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes below water on the same bank outside the intensity curve range in which the sound intensity of the transmitting signal of the transmitting transducer is attenuated by greater than -3dB;

[0017] (3) adjusting each of the transmitting transducers to have a matching consistent transmitting piezoelectric response at the working frequency band according to the working frequency band of each group of transmitting transducers; and the angle of the vertical directivity of the transmitting signal of each of the transmitting transducers needs to be greater than 60 degrees when the transmitting transducer is vertically arranged;

[0018] According to the working frequency band of each group of receiving transducers, the receiving sensitivity of each receiving transducer in the working frequency band is adjusted to be matched; the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the working frequency band of the corresponding matched transmitting transducer.

[0019] Further, the impedance adaptation of the transmitting channel of the transmitting transducer of each group of probes is adjusted to achieve maximum transmission power.

[0020] Further, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes are arranged on the same side of the river channel, and the distance between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes is greater than 2 times the wavelength of the transmitted signal.

[0021] Further, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes are arranged on the same side of the river channel, and the distance between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes is greater than 2 times the wavelength of the transmitted signal.

[0022] As an embodiment, the probe includes a transmitting transducer and a plurality of receiving transducers, and the plurality of receiving transducers can be vertically arranged on the same side of the river channel; according to the change of the sound speed of the water body at different temperatures, the arrangement interval of each receiving transducer in the vertical arrangement is adjusted, and the distance between adjacent receiving transducers is greater than 1℃.

[0023] The technical advantages of the anti-interference system and control method of the present application are as follows:

[0024] (1) Compared with the existing system which mainly uses a transceiving integrated transducer, the system simultaneously transmits an acoustic signal and receives an acoustic signal from the opposite bank at the same location, which may cause various interferences and affect the quality of the received signal.

[0025] The transceiving channel anti-interference system based on river acoustic tomography of the present application has independent transmitting transducers and receiving transducers, and adopts a structure design of independent transceiving channels and no mutual interference. The transmission channel is separately designed for corresponding frequency signal transmission; the transmitting transducer is separately designed to have a matched and consistent transmitting piezoelectric response at the working frequency. In addition, the receiving sensitivity of the receiving transducer at the working frequency is improved, and the electrical signal of the receiving transducer is amplified in the same proportion to improve the transmission capacity, increase the signal-to-noise ratio, and improve the anti-interference level. The system of the present application has a non-integrated structure of transceiving, and the transceiving channels of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer work independently, which can eliminate mutual interference, avoid crosstalk, radiation interference, etc. on the electrical signal, increase the stability of the signal, and improve the quality of the received measurement signal.

[0026] (2) The system and control method of the present application allow each of the transmitting transducers to emit signals with vertical directivity angles greater than 60 degrees (the intensity of the emitted sound waves within the vertical directivity angle of 60 degrees is greater than -3 dB) when the transmitting transducers are vertically arranged. The operating frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the operating frequency band of the corresponding transmitting transducers. This greatly reduces mutual echo interference, improves the accuracy of the received signals, and improves signal quality, which is the best form of energy-saving control. Through various anti-interference methods, experiments have shown that noise interference can be significantly reduced. After amplification and filtering, the central measurement signal strength is high, the pre-stage noise is small, and the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The signal measurement accuracy of the system of the present application is improved by 7-10% compared with existing acoustic tomography flow measurement systems.

[0027] (3) The transmitting transducers on the same shore and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are vertically installed together, and the transmitting transducers are installed at the top. The receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are installed below the water on the same shore outside the intensity curve range in which the intensity of the emitted signals of the transmitting transducers decays by more than -3 dB. This can reduce the background noise of the sound waves, filter out clutter interference, and improve the quality of the amplified signals.

[0028] The distance between the transmitting transducers and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes is greater than 2 times the wavelength of the emitted signals, which is verified through a large number of scientific experiments. If the distance is too close, interference may occur due to the rebound of the emitted signals. If the distance is too far, the length of the cable and the installation cost of the fixing bracket are increased. Therefore, the distance is preferably just greater than 2 times the wavelength of the emitted signals, which is the most scientific and cost-effective way.

[0029] Except for the power lines and signal lines, the transmitting transducers and the receiving transducers are connected together vertically through a damping material bracket, such as industrial rubber or engineering plastic, instead of a hard steel bracket. This greatly reduces the vibration noise interference of the hard connection bracket, which has not been noticed in the prior art. The research team has fully considered this interference source, which accounts for 2-3% of the overall interference factors. Therefore, technical improvements have been made to overcome this problem.

[0030] (4) When multiple receiving transducers are vertically arranged, the influence of water depth changes and temperature on sound velocity is fully considered. The arrangement spacing of each receiving transducer in the vertical arrangement is adjusted, and the distance between adjacent receiving transducers is greater than 1°C in terms of water temperature difference, so that stable reception of the emitted sound waves can be ensured, and the quality and stability of the received signals can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the transducer arrangement of the system of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2The vertical directivity diagram of the transmitting transducer of the system of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 The signal display diagram of the existing acoustic tomography system tested by the test equipment.

[0034] Figure 4 The matched filter diagram of the existing acoustic tomography system.

[0035] Figure 5 The signal display diagram of the acoustic tomography system of the present application tested by the test equipment.

[0036] Figure 6 The matched filter diagram of the system of the present application.

[0037] Figure 7 The connection circuit diagram of the control power amplifier circuit module of the system of the present application and the transmitting transducer.

[0038] Figure 8 The connection circuit diagram of the receiving transducer of the system of the present application and the AD acquisition circuit module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] The transceiving channel anti-interference system based on river acoustic tomography of the first embodiment of the present application comprises a control host and multiple groups of independently matched probes, and the control host can connect multiple probes on both sides of the river bank through a wireless network or a data line. As a remote intelligent control system, the system of the present application can further comprise a wireless transmission device and a backup battery pack. Each group of the probes comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer, and the transceiving channels of adjacent groups of the probes work independently.

[0041] The system has a matched and consistent transmitting piezoelectric response of each transmitting transducer in the working frequency band of each transmitting transducer, and the error of the piezoelectric response is controlled within ±1.5 dB. When each transmitting transducer is vertically arranged, the angle of the vertical directivity of the transmitted signal needs to be greater than 60 degrees (the acoustic wave intensity within the angle of 60 degrees of the vertical directivity is greater than -3 dB), so as to ensure that the signal is effectively transmitted to the opposite bank and received by the corresponding receiving transducer, and prevent the signal transmission from being excessively attenuated. This also affects the transmission power, which is the best effect control value obtained through repeated tests.

[0042] According to the working frequency band of each group of receiving transducers, each receiving transducer has a matched receiving sensitivity in the working frequency band, and the error is within ±1.5dB; the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the working frequency band of the corresponding matched transmitting transducer, so as to avoid missing the measurement transmission signal. Each receiving transducer is respectively connected to a corresponding matched signal amplifier, and is uniformly connected to an AD acquisition circuit and a filter circuit of the control host.

[0043] As Figure 1 , the transmitting transducers are installed above water on the same bank. The receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are installed below water on the same bank, and are installed outside the intensity curve range of the transmission signal sound intensity decay of the transmitting transducers greater than-3dB, see Figure 1 The left and right oval shapes of the transmitting transducers indicate the intensity curve range of the sound intensity decay of-3dB. That is, when a transmitting transducer is installed vertically downward with the connector upward, after emitting a certain size of sound pressure, the sound intensity formed in the vicinity is in the shape of an intensity curve of the transmission sound intensity decay of-3dB. In this way, the installation distance is controlled, the mutual echo interference is greatly reduced, the received signal is more accurate, and the signal quality is improved.

[0044] Figure 2 It is the vertical directivity diagram of the transmitting transducer of the system of the application. It can be seen that the position of the receiving transducer is outside the two left and right large ellipse lines of-3dB on the vertical directivity diagram of the transmitting transducer. In this way, the receiving transducer is arranged below the transmitting transducer, and the position of the receiving transducer is in the weak sound intensity area of the transmitting transducer (i.e. the area where the sound intensity after the transducer emits is less than-3dB), and the position is preferably on the same vertically downward line, which is better to keep the installation stable.

[0045] As an improved embodiment, the system arranges the transmitting transducers and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes on the same side of the river channel, and the distance between the transmitting transducers and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes is greater than 2 times the wavelength of the transmission signal, which can effectively reduce the interference in the test.

[0046] Specifically, according to the wavelength formula where λ is the wavelength, V is the sound speed of the sound wave in water (1480m / s-1520m / s), and f is the working frequency of the transducer. The nearest distance between the receiving transducer and the transmitting transducer on the vertical plane is greater than 2 times the wavelength λ, such as the wavelength of a 2000Hz sound wave in water is

[0047] The transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes arranged in the same side of the river are connected together through the damping material part. Specifically, except for the common connection of the power line and the signal line, the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are connected together through the damping material support arranged vertically, such as damping industrial rubber, engineering plastic and the like, instead of being connected through the hard metal support. In this way, the vibration noise interference of the hard metal connection support is greatly reduced.

[0048] As an improved embodiment of the system structure, if the river is wide and deep, each group of probes of the system includes a transmitting transducer and multiple receiving transducers, and the multiple receiving transducers can be arranged vertically in the same side of the river. According to the change of the water sound velocity at different temperatures, the arrangement spacing of each receiving transducer arranged vertically is adjusted, and the adjacent receiving transducers are spaced apart by a distance of more than 1℃ in terms of water temperature difference. Considering the influence of water temperature, impurities and sound line change in water, if one receiving transducer cannot receive effective signals, other receiving transducers can still work normally, so that stable reception of the transmitted sound wave signals can be ensured, the signal loss of a small amount of receiving transducers can be compensated, and the stability and anti-interference of signal processing can be enhanced.

[0049] The application adopts a non-integral design structure of the transmitting and receiving channels based on the river sound tomography flow measurement, the design can isolate the line electrical interference of each other; the transducer only has requirements for transmitting piezoelectric response or receiving sensitivity, so that the design difficulty of the transducer can be reduced and the complexity of the transducer manufacturing process can be reduced. Because the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are independent and separated structures, the replacement and maintenance are more convenient than the existing integral function transducer probe, the cost is lower, and there are obvious advantages.

[0050] Under the design that the circuit channels do not interfere with each other, the working mode of the transmitting circuit or the receiving circuit is simple, the design difficulty is greatly reduced, and for the receiving circuit, the interference of the transmitting circuit can be reduced, the background noise can be reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal can be improved, the accuracy of the sound wave measurement signal can be improved, and the subsequent flow and flow rate calculation can be more accurate and reliable. Since the improvement of the multiple anti-interference arrangement modes, circuit structures and control methods is comprehensively adopted, the signal measurement accuracy of the system of the application is improved by 7-10% than that of the existing sound tomography flow measurement system.

[0051] The following compares the system test to prove the advantages of the system and the control method of the application.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a signal display diagram of the test equipment to the prior art system, and reflects the working electrical parameters of the transmitting and receiving integrated transducer adopted by the prior art system. It can be seen from the diagram that the background noise is about 900mV, and the residual noise interference to the received signal after signal transmission is high. Figure 4The prior art system matches and filters the received signal to obtain a waveform chart, and the waveform chart can show that the pre-stage noise is large, the received signal is not single after reaching the receiving transducer, echo is serious, the signal echo waveform is multiple, and the signal-to-noise ratio is low (the highest value / the average value of the pre-stage noise).

[0053] Figure 5 The signal display chart of the system of the present application by the test equipment shows that the working electrical parameters of the independent separated transducers adopted by the system of the present application, i.e. the single receiving transducer is adopted to receive the measured signal. Figure 6 From the waveform chart, it can be seen that, Figure 6 The pre-stage noise in the waveform chart is obviously much lower than that in the waveform chart of the prior art system. Figure 4 The received signal has no much echo, and after the receiving transducer matches and filters the received signal, the central signal strength is high, the pre-stage noise is small, the echo signal wave is obviously much reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The system of the present application can reduce the background noise of the sound wave signal, filter out the clutter interference, and improve the quality of the amplified signal.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control method of a transceiving channel anti-interference system based on river sound tomography measurement, which comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) connecting a plurality of groups of independently matched probes through a control host, each group of the probes comprising a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer, and the receiving / transmitting channels of adjacent groups of the probes independently work.

[0056] (2) installing the transmitting transducer above water in the same bank.

[0057] installing the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of the probes below water in the same bank outside the intensity curve range in which the transmitting signal sound intensity of the transmitting transducer decays greater than -3dB.

[0058] (3) adjusting each transmitting transducer to have a matching consistent transmitting piezoelectric response under the working frequency band of each transmitting transducer, and the angle of vertical directivity of each transmitting transducer needs to be greater than 60 degrees (the sound wave intensity in the angle of 60 degrees of vertical directivity is greater than -3dB) when the transmitting transducer is vertically arranged.

[0059] adjusting each receiving transducer to have a matching consistent receiving sensitivity under the working frequency band of each receiving transducer, and the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the working frequency band of the corresponding matching transmitting transducers.

[0060] adjusting the impedance adaptation of the transmitting channel of the transmitting transducer of each group of the probes to achieve the maximum transmitting power. For the specific implementation process, refer to Figure 7As shown, the control power amplifier circuit module of the system is connected with the transmitting transducer through inductance L2, and the inductance L2 is adjusted to match the impedance of the transmitting transducer, so that the power can be completely transmitted to the transducer, and the maximum power point output is achieved.

[0061] According to the matching formula: ω=2πf, the output impedance characteristics of the transducer are measured by using an LCR bridge, and R S and X S are the real and imaginary impedances of the transducer at a frequency of 125 kHz, respectively, and the impedance characteristics at the frequency can be calculated according to the formula R=R S +X S j, According to the formula X S is the imaginary impedance, and f is the frequency, the internal resistance of the power amplifier and the matching parameters (L is the matching inductance value) can be calculated.

[0062] As shown in the system receiving circuit, Figure 8 the received sound wave signal can be amplified by the pre-amplifier circuit, and then transmitted to the AD acquisition for waveform analysis in the form of an electrical signal, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved. By adjusting the receiving gain of the pre-amplifier, that is, adjusting the ratio of R4 / R3 and R7 / R6, the transmission of the received signal can be optimized.

[0063] The control method also includes the transmitting transducer arranged in the same side river channel and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes, and the distance between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes is greater than 2 times the wavelength of the transmitted signal, so as to reduce echo interference. The transmitting transducer arranged in the same side river channel and the receiving transducer of the adjacent group of probes are connected together through a vibration damping material component, so as to reduce vibration noise interference.

[0064] As an improved control implementation of the system, each group of the probes of the system includes a transmitting transducer and a plurality of receiving transducers, and the plurality of receiving transducers can be vertically arranged in the same side river channel. According to the change of the sound velocity of the water body at different temperatures, the arrangement spacing of each receiving transducer arranged vertically is adjusted, and the distance between adjacent receiving transducers is greater than 1℃. Considering the influence of water temperature, impurities and sound line in water, if one receiving transducer cannot receive effective signals, other receiving transducers can still work normally, so that stable reception of the transmitted sound wave signals can be ensured, the signal loss of a small amount of receiving transducers can be compensated, and the stability and anti-interference of signal processing are enhanced.

[0065] The system of the application is a non-integrated structure, and the transducer receiving / transmitting channels work independently, so that mutual interference can be greatly reduced, crosstalk, radiation interference and the like on the electrical signal can be avoided, the stability of the signal can be increased, and the quality of the received measurement signal can be improved.

Claims

1. A river acoustic tomography system for anti-interference of transmission and reception channels based on river flow measurement, characterized in that it comprises a control host, a plurality of groups of independently matched probes, each group of probes comprising a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer; the transmission and reception channels of adjacent groups of probes work independently; According to the working frequency band of each group of transmitting transducers, each transmitting transducer has a matched and consistent transmitting piezoelectric response in the working frequency band, and the angle of vertical directivity of the transmitting signal of each transmitting transducer needs to be greater than 60 degrees when it is vertically arranged; According to the working frequency band of each group of receiving transducers, each receiving transducer has a matched and consistent receiving sensitivity in the working frequency band; the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the working frequency band of the corresponding matched transmitting transducers; each receiving transducer is respectively connected to a corresponding matched signal amplifier and is uniformly connected to an AD acquisition circuit of the control host; the transmitting transducers are installed above the water on the same bank; within the range of the intensity curve of the transmitting signal sound intensity decay greater than -3dB of the transmitting transducers, the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are installed below the water on the same bank; The probe comprises a transmitting transducer and a plurality of receiving transducers, the plurality of receiving transducers are vertically arranged in the same side river, the arrangement interval of each receiving transducer in the vertical arrangement is adjusted according to the change of the water body sound velocity at different temperatures, and the adjacent receiving transducers are separated by a distance of more than 1℃ in water temperature difference. The transmitting transducer arranged in the same side river and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are connected together through a damping material part.

2. The anti-jamming system of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps:

3. The anti-jamming system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, (1) connecting a plurality of groups of independently matched probes through a control host, each group of probes comprising a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer; the transmission and reception channels of adjacent groups of probes work independently; 4. The control method of the anti-interference system of the transmitting and receiving channel based on the river acoustic tomography flow measurement, characterized in that, (2) installing the transmitting transducers above the water on the same bank; Within the range of the intensity curve of the transmitting signal sound intensity decay greater than -3dB of the transmitting transducers, the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes are installed below the water on the same bank; (3) adjusting each transmitting transducer to have a matched and consistent transmitting piezoelectric response in the working frequency band according to the working frequency band of each group of transmitting transducers, and the angle of vertical directivity of the transmitting signal of each transmitting transducer needs to be greater than 60 degrees when it is vertically arranged; Adjusting each receiving transducer to have a matched and consistent receiving sensitivity in the working frequency band according to the working frequency band of each group of receiving transducers; the working frequency band of the receiving transducers in the same group is at least 3% wider than the working frequency band of the corresponding matched transmitting transducers; the probe comprises a transmitting transducer and a plurality of receiving transducers, the plurality of receiving transducers are vertically arranged in the same side river, the arrangement interval of each receiving transducer in the vertical arrangement is adjusted according to the change of the water body sound velocity at different temperatures, and the adjacent receiving transducers are separated by a distance of more than 1℃ in water temperature difference. The method further comprises the following steps, ​ 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: ​ Adjusting the impedance adaptation of the transmission channel of the transmitting transducer of each group of probes to achieve the maximum transmission power.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: Also included are transmitting transducers arranged in the same side channel and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes, the distance between the transmitting transducers and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes is greater than 2 times the wavelength of the transmitted signal.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: determining a flow direction of the fluid; and determining a flow rate of the fluid. Also included are transmitting transducers arranged in the same side channel and the receiving transducers of the adjacent group of probes, which are connected together through a damping material component to reduce vibration noise interference.

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