Multifunctional rock detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional rock detection device and a detection method. The multifunctional rock detection device comprises a vertical pushing device, a supporting frame, a totally-closed lead screw moving module and an experiment head group, the experiment head assembly is divided into an upper experiment part and a lower experiment part, the totally-closed lead screw moving module is installed on a pushing part of the vertical pushing device, a multi-axial force sensor is installed on a moving part of the totally-closed lead screw moving module, and the lower experiment part is detachably installed on the multi-axial force sensor; the upper experiment part is arranged above the multi-axial force sensor and is fixed on the supporting frame, and the lower experiment part moves along with the moving part of the totally-closed screw rod moving module in the length direction of the totally-closed screw rod moving module, so that the lower experiment part is translated to the position under the upper experiment part; the device is simple in structure, easy to disassemble and replace and good in portability; the device has the capability of integrated detection of compression resistance, tensile strength, hardness and scratch of the rock, and provides a more comprehensive rock parameter evaluation means.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rock detection, and more specifically, relates to a multifunctional rock detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] The evaluation of rock mass quality in engineering construction is closely related to the accuracy of rock characteristic parameters. Although traditional portable rock detection devices are highly portable, they can only obtain a single point load index, resulting in large discrete parameter values ​​and great limitations. In addition, using a single index to evaluate rock mass quality will cause more risks in subsequent engineering construction. Large-scale rock detection equipment not only has poor portability but also has a cumbersome detection process, which increases measurement costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional rock detection device and detection method, which not only has good portability, but also has the ability to perform integrated detection of rock compression, tension, hardness and scratches, provides a more comprehensive rock parameter evaluation method, and solves the limitations of existing portable rock detection devices.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a multifunctional rock detection device and detection method of the present invention include a vertical pushing device, a supporting frame, a fully enclosed screw moving module and an experimental head group; the experimental head group is divided into an upper experimental part and a lower experimental part, the fully enclosed screw moving module is installed on the pushing part of the vertical pushing device, a multi-axis force sensor is installed on the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module, the lower experimental part is detachably installed on the multi-axis force sensor, the upper experimental part is above the multi-axis force sensor and fixed on the supporting frame, and the lower experimental part can move along the length direction of the fully enclosed screw moving module with the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module, so that the lower experimental part is translated to be aligned with the upper experimental part directly below.

[0005] Furthermore, the support frame includes a crossbeam and a base plate; two columns are fixed on the base plate, the crossbeam is fixed to the two columns by positioning bolts, and a mounting structure for mounting the upper experimental part is provided at the center of the lower end of the crossbeam.

[0006] Furthermore, the installation structure includes a positioning sleeve, a thrust ball bearing, a horizontal gear and a gear driving device. The positioning sleeve is fixed in the middle of the crossbeam. The positioning sleeve is coaxially arranged with the horizontal gear and rotatably cooperates with the thrust ball bearing. There is a through internal threaded connecting hole at the axis of the horizontal gear. The threaded connecting rod at the upper end of the upper experimental part cooperates with the threaded connecting hole. The gear driving device drives the horizontal gear to rotate horizontally around its own axis. A positioning hole is opened on the positioning sleeve, and the positioning hole and the threaded connecting hole are coaxially arranged.

[0007] Furthermore, a sample clamping device is provided on the upper periphery of the multi-axis force sensor.

[0008] Furthermore, the sample clamping device includes a left clamping unit and a right clamping unit which are symmetrical on the left and right; the right clamping unit includes a clamp, a rotating arm, a connecting arm and an adjusting arm; a first hinge is provided at one end of the rotating arm, and a second hinge is provided at the other end, the second hinge is located above the first hinge, the rotating arm is rotatably arranged on the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module through the first hinge, one end of the rotating arm and the connecting arm are hinged at the second hinge, the other end of the connecting arm is provided with a third hinge, an adjusting slot is provided on the rotating arm, one end of the adjusting arm slides in the adjusting slot, and the other end is hinged to the connecting arm at the third hinge, a hinge seat is provided in the middle section of the outer wall of the clamp, and the hinge seat is hinged at the third hinge.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper experimental part and the lower experimental part of the experimental head group are respectively an anti-strength test head and an anti-strength support body. The upper end of the anti-strength test head is provided with a threaded connecting rod matching the threaded connecting hole, and a mounting column is fixed at the center of the lower end of the anti-strength support body. The cutting heads of the anti-strength test head and the anti-strength support body are both cones, and the tip of the cone is an arc-shaped cutting tip.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper experimental part and the lower experimental part of the experimental head group are respectively a hardness test head and a hardness support body. The upper end of the hardness test head is provided with a threaded connecting rod matching the threaded connecting hole, and a mounting column is fixed at the center of the lower end of the hardness support body. The blade head of the hardness test head is a cone, the tip of the cone is a rectangular blade tip, and the blade head of the hardness support body is a flat cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper experimental part and the lower experimental part of the experimental head group are respectively a tensile test head and a tensile support body. The upper end of the tensile test head is provided with a threaded connecting rod matching the threaded connecting hole, and a mounting column is fixed at the center of the lower end of the tensile support body. The cutting heads of the tensile test head and the tensile support body are both flat cylinders, and a small conical cutting tip protruding outward is provided at the center of the cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper experimental part and the lower experimental part of the experimental head group are respectively a scratch test head and a scratch support body; the upper end of the scratch test head is provided with a threaded connecting rod matching with the threaded connecting hole, a mounting column is fixed at the center of the lower end of the scratch support body, and a tool holder is fixed at the very center of the lower end of the scratch test head, on which a sharp tool head and a blunt tool head are detachably installed.

[0013] Furthermore, when it is necessary to detect the anti-strength of the rock, the upper test part on the beam and the lower test part on the multi-axis force sensor are replaced with an anti-strength test head and an anti-strength support body respectively; when it is necessary to detect the hardness of the rock, the upper test part on the beam and the lower test part on the multi-axis force sensor are replaced with a hardness test head and a hardness support body respectively; when it is necessary to detect the tensile strength of the rock, the upper test part on the beam and the lower test part on the multi-axis force sensor are replaced with a tensile test head and a tensile support body respectively; when it is necessary to detect rock scratches, the upper test part on the beam and the lower test part on the multi-axis force sensor are replaced with a scratch test head and a scratch support body respectively.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The multifunctional rock detection device and detection method of the present invention not only have a simple structure, are easy to disassemble and replace, and have good portability; but also have the ability to perform integrated detection of rock compression, tension, hardness and scratches, providing a more comprehensive rock parameter evaluation method; and the detection process is streamlined, which can effectively improve the efficiency of rock quality evaluation in engineering construction and reduce the cost of rock characteristic parameter detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional rock detection device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional rock detection device for installing an experimental head group of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the upper experimental part installed in the mounting structure;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the sample clamping device;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a front view of the upper and lower experimental parts of the experimental head group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] As attached Figures 1 to 5As shown, a multifunctional rock detection device and detection method include a vertical jacking device 31, a support frame 4, a fully enclosed screw moving module 5 and an experimental head group 9; the experimental head group 9 is divided into an upper experimental part 29 and a lower experimental part 30, the vertical jacking device 31 is installed at the bottom of the support frame 4, the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 is installed at the jacking part of the vertical jacking device 31, a multi-axis force sensor 17 is installed on the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5, and the lower experimental part 30 is detachably installed on the multi-axis force sensor 17, the upper experimental part 29 is above the multi-axis force sensor 17 and fixed on the support frame 4, the lower experimental part 30 can move along the length direction of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 with the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5, so that the lower experimental part 30 is translated to align with the upper experimental part 29 directly below, and the vertical jacking device 31 can make the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 move vertically up and down relative to the support frame 4.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the support frame 4 includes a crossbeam 8, columns 10 and a base plate 23; two columns 10 are fixed on the base plate 23, and the two columns 10 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base plate 23, and the axes of the two columns 10 and the center line of the base plate 23 along the length direction are located in the same plane, the jack 2 is installed at the center of the base plate 23, and the jack 2 is located between the two columns 10, column holes 29 are opened at both ends of the crossbeam 8, and the two columns 10 are respectively inserted into the column holes 29 at both ends of the crossbeam 8, and threaded holes are opened on the sides at both ends of the crossbeam 8, and the positioning bolts 12 are threadedly matched with the threaded holes. The crossbeam 8 is fixed to the two columns 10 by means of positioning bolts 12. A mounting structure 32 for mounting the upper experimental part 29 is provided at the center of the lower end of the crossbeam 8. A vertical macro detection device is provided on the column 10. The vertical macro detection device includes a clamping arm 7 and a vertical extensometer 6. The vertical extensometer 6 is fixed to one end of the clamping arm 7. The other end of the clamping arm 7 is sleeved on the column 10. The clamping arm 7 can slide vertically along the outer surface of the column 10.

[0023] When the pushing part of the vertical pushing device 31 moves vertically upward to the upper experimental part 29 of the experimental head group 9 and contacts the rock to be tested, the vertical pushing device 31 is closed, and the clamping arm 7 is adjusted to move vertically along the outer wall of the column 10 until the measuring head at the lower end of the vertical extensometer 6 contacts the upper surface of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5, and the value on the vertical extensometer 6 is 0.

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, the mounting structure 32 includes a positioning sleeve 33, a thrust ball bearing 34, a horizontal gear 35 and a gear driving device 36. The positioning sleeve 33 is fixed to the middle of the crossbeam 8. The positioning sleeve 33 and the horizontal gear 35 are coaxially arranged and rotatably matched through the thrust ball bearing 34. The thrust ball bearing 34 and the sleeve 33 are coaxially arranged, and the thrust ball bearing 34 is sleeved on the outside of the positioning sleeve 33. The horizontal gear 35 has a through internal threaded connection hole 38 at the axis center. The upper experimental part 2 The threaded connecting rod at the upper end cooperates with the internal threaded connecting hole 38, and a gear driving device 36 is provided on one side of the horizontal gear 35, and the gear driving device 36 drives the horizontal gear 35 to rotate horizontally around its own axis; a positioning hole 37 is provided on the positioning sleeve 33, and the positioning hole 37 is coaxially arranged with the internal threaded connecting hole 38, the upper part of the positioning hole 37 is a hexagonal through hole, and the lower part is a conical guide wall, and the threaded outer diameter of the mounting structure 32 is inscribed in the hexagonal through hole above the positioning hole 37.

[0025] When the upper experimental part 29 of the experimental head group 9 needs to be installed on the crossbeam 8, the gear driving device 36 is first started, the gear driving device 36 rotates forward and drives the horizontal gear 35 to rotate horizontally around its own axis, and then the threaded connecting rod of the upper experimental part 29 is guided by the conical guide wall below the positioning hole 37 to extend into the hexagonal through hole above the positioning hole 37, and the hexagonal through hole aligns the threaded connecting rod so that the axis of the threaded connecting rod coincides with the axis of the internal threaded connecting hole 38 until the end of the threaded connecting rod is aligned with the mounting structure 2. 8 is in contact with each other. At this time, because the horizontal gear 35 rotates horizontally around its own axis, the threaded connecting rod and the internal threaded connecting hole 38 can automatically perform threaded engagement. As the horizontal gear 35 rotates, the threaded connecting rod moves vertically upward relative to the sleeve 33 until the upper end of the cutter head of the upper experimental part 29 contacts the lower end of the sleeve 33. At this time, the gear driving device 36 is paused to complete the installation process of the experimental part 29 on the experimental head group 9; similarly, the reverse rotation of the gear driving device 36 can complete the disassembly process of the experimental part 29 on the experimental head group 9.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the vertical pushing device 31 includes a jack 2 and a pressurizing device 3. The lower end of the jack 2 is fixed to the bottom of the supporting frame 4. The pressure input port of the pressurizing device 3 is connected to the pressure inlet port of the internal cylinder of the jack 2, and the pressurizing device 3 is fixed to one side of the jack 2. A pressure relief valve 1 is provided at the bottom of the jack 2. The pressure relief valve 1 can release the pressure input into the internal cylinder of the jack 2 by the pressurizing device 3. When the pressurizing device 3 presses the jack 2, the pushing part of the jack 2 It moves vertically upward. When the pressure relief valve 1 relieves the pressure on the jack 2, the pushing part of the jack 2 moves vertically downward. A horizontal push plate 20 is fixed on the pushing part of the jack 2. Both ends of the horizontal push plate 20 are respectively provided with arc grooves with the same radius as the two columns. The horizontal push plate 20 is clamped between the two columns 10 through the arc grooves at both ends, and the horizontal push plate 20 is slidably arranged relative to the two columns 10. A scale is fixedly arranged on one side of the horizontal push plate 20 along the length direction.

[0027] When the pushing part of the vertical pushing device 31 moves vertically upward to the upper experimental part 29 of the experimental head group 9 and contacts the rock to be tested, the value on the scale corresponding to one side of the length direction of the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 is recorded as the initial value.

[0028] The fully enclosed screw moving module 5 includes a driving motor, a transmission screw, a slider, a moving base, and a fully enclosed shell; the bottom of the fully enclosed shell is fixed on the horizontal push plate 20, the driving motor is fixed on the outside of one end of the fully enclosed shell, and a transmission screw is arranged inside the fully enclosed shell along the length direction of the fully enclosed shell. The driving shaft of the driving motor passes through the shell at one end of the fully enclosed shell and drives the transmission screw to move. The slider is located inside the fully enclosed shell, and a driving hole is opened on the slider, and the driving hole cooperates with the transmission screw. The rotation of the driving shaft of the driving motor can drive the transmission screw to rotate around its own axis, and the rotation of the transmission screw can drive the slider to move along the length direction of the transmission screw. The upper ends of the two outer walls of the fully enclosed shell along the length direction are provided with sliding grooves, and the two sides of the moving base slide in the two sliding grooves at the same time. The moving base is fixed on the slider. When the slider moves along the length direction of the transmission screw, driven by the slider, the two sides of the moving base slide in the two sliding grooves at the same time along the length direction of the fully enclosed shell.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, the multi-axis force sensor 17 is fixed on the moving base of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 and is located at the center of the moving base. The multi-axis force sensor 17 is divided into four independent sensing modules by two rectangular grooves that are perpendicular to each other and pass through the center of the multi-axis force sensor. A mounting groove 55 that matches the lower test part 30 of the experimental head group 9 is opened at the center of the multi-axis force sensor 17. The radius of the mounting groove 55 is equal to the radius of the mounting column at the lower end of the lower test part 30. The lower test part 30 is detachably mounted in the mounting groove 55 through the mounting column at the lower end. A detection piston is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove 55. The angle of the detection piston is 60° and the area is 12.56 or 9.62 mm 2 , the measuring range of the multi-axis force sensor 17 can be increased by changing the detection piston area; a sample clamping device 13 is provided on the upper periphery of the multi-axis force sensor 17, and a plurality of sample clamping devices 13 can simultaneously converge in the direction close to the axis of the multi-axis force sensor 17, or simultaneously disperse in the direction away from the axis of the multi-axis force sensor 17; when the lower test part 30 is installed on the multi-axis force sensor 17, the four independent sensor modules can all sense the force acting on the lower test part 30, and finally measure the vertical load and lateral load acting on the lower test part 30; a data transmission line 39 is connected to the multi-axis force sensor 17, and the multi-axis force sensor 17 transmits the collected force data in different axial directions of the rock to be tested to the data processing system 18 through the data transmission line 39, and the data processing system 18 can process the data collected by the multi-axis force sensor 17 according to the data processing methods corresponding to different experimental head groups 9.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, the sample clamping device 13 includes a left clamping unit 62 and a right clamping unit 61 which are symmetrical. Since all structures of the left clamping unit 62 and the right clamping unit 61 are symmetrically arranged, the structural composition is specifically described by taking the right clamping unit 61 as an example; the right clamping unit 61 includes a clamping piece 40, a rotating arm 41, a connecting arm 43 and an adjusting arm 44; a rubber pad 50 is fixed on the inner wall of the clamping piece 40, a first hinge point 45 is arranged at one end of the rotating arm 41, and a second hinge point 46 is arranged at the other end, and the second hinge point 46 is located above the first hinge point 45. The rotating arm 41 is rotatably arranged on the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 through the first hinge point 45, and a rotating driving device is fixed on one side of the first hinge point 45, and the rotating part of the rotating driving device is fixedly connected to the rotating arm 41. When the rotating part of the rotating driving device rotates, it can drive the rotating arm 41 to rotate around the first hinge point 45, and the driving part of the rotating driving device stops rotating. When moving, the rotating arm 41 is stationary relative to the fully enclosed screw moving module 5, the large ends of the rotating arm 41 and the connecting arm 43 are hinged at the second hinge point, and the small end of the connecting arm 43 is provided with a third hinge point 47. An adjusting slot 48 is provided on the rotating arm 41, one end of the adjusting arm 44 slides in the adjusting slot 48, and the other end is hinged to the connecting arm 43 at the third hinge point 47, and a hinge seat 49 is provided in the middle section of the outer wall of the clip 40, and the hinge seat 49 is hinged at the third hinge point 47; a sliding slot is provided at one end of the adjusting arm 44 that slides in the adjusting slot 48, and a sliding shaft is fixed at one end of the sliding slot corresponding to the adjusting slot 48, the diameter of the sliding shaft is equal to the slot width of the adjusting slot 48, and the sliding shaft is tangent to the two walls of the adjusting slot 48, and an electric push rod 42 is fixed above the adjusting slot 48, and the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 42 is rotatably connected to the sliding shaft. When the telescopic rod of the electric push rod is extended or retracted, the sliding shaft slides in the adjusting slot 48 together with the telescopic rod.

[0031] When it is necessary to clamp the rock to be tested, the two symmetrically arranged sample clamping devices 13 are electrically connected to the power supply at the same time, and the driving parts of the rotation driving devices of the two symmetrically arranged sample clamping devices 13 rotate at the same time, so that the rotating arm 41 rotates around the first hinge point 45 in the direction close to the axis of the multi-axis force sensor 17, until the rubber pads 50 of the two symmetrical clamps 40 are pressed against the rock to be tested at the same time, and the rock to be tested is clamped between the two symmetrical clamps 40. At this time, because the forces of the two clamps 40 on the rock to be tested are relative, the rock to be tested is relatively fixed above the lower experimental part 30 under the clamping of the two symmetrical clamps 40, and because the left and right sides of the rock to be tested are pressed against the inner surfaces of the two symmetrical clamps 40 respectively, the two symmetrical clamps 40 will no longer rotate relative to the third hinge point 47, but can move vertically, that is, the third hinge point 47 at this time will not be laterally offset, but can be vertically displaced; at this time, the electric push rod 42 is opened, and the electric push rod 42 is opened. The telescopic rod of rod 42 extends out and slides in the adjusting groove 48 together with the sliding shaft on the adjusting arm 44. The end of the adjusting arm 44 hinged on the third hinge point 47 will move vertically downward with the clamp 40 until the lower surface of the rock to be tested contacts the cutter head of the lower experimental part 30 driven by the two symmetrically arranged clamps 40. In this process, the two ends of the connecting arm 43 rotate around the second hinge point 46 and the third hinge point 47 respectively, so that the connecting arm 43 is in an inclined state, and the rotation drive device will synchronously drive the rotating arm 41 to rotate slightly around the first hinge point 45 in the direction close to the axis of the multi-axis force sensor 17 according to the rotation of the adjusting arm 44, so as to ensure that when the connecting arm 43 is in a tilted state, the lateral distance between the third hinge point 47 and the first hinge point 45 will not change, so that when the end of the adjusting arm 44 hinged on the third hinge point 47 moves vertically downward with the clamp 40, the third hinge point 47 will not be laterally offset, but can be vertically displaced.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper experimental part 29 of the experimental head group 9 includes an anti-strength test head 24, a hardness test head 25, a tensile test head 26 and a scratch test head 27. The upper parts of the anti-strength test head 24, the hardness test head 25, the tensile test head 26 and the scratch test head 27 are all threaded connecting rods that cooperate with the mounting structure 32 on the crossbeam 8. The lower experimental part 30 of the experimental head group 9 includes an anti-strength support body 51 corresponding to the anti-strength test head 24, a hardness support body 52 corresponding to the hardness test head 25, a tensile support body 53 corresponding to the tensile test head 26 and a scratch support body 54 corresponding to the scratch test head 27. The anti-strength support body 51, the hardness support body 52, the tensile support body 53 and the scratch support body 54 are all fixedly provided with mounting columns at the centers of the lower ends. The lower experimental part 30 of the experimental head group 9 can be detachably mounted on the multi-axis force sensor 17 through the mounting columns.

[0033] The blades of the strength test head 24 and the strength support body 51 are both cones, and the tip of the cone is an arc-shaped blade tip. When the pushing part of the jack 2 moves vertically upward with the rock to be tested, the data processing system 18 can measure the strength characteristic data of the rock to be tested according to the force exerted by the strength test head 24 and the strength support body 51 on the rock to be tested detected by the multi-axis force sensor 17; the blade of the hardness test head 25 is a cone, and the tip of the cone is a rectangular blade tip. The corresponding blade of the hardness support body 52 is a flat cylinder, and its die size is 1.5-2.5 mm. When the pushing part of the jack 2 moves vertically upward with the rock to be tested, the data processing system 18 can measure the local crushing strength of the rock to be tested and obtain the characteristic data of the drillability parameters of the rock according to the force exerted by the hardness test head 25 and the hardness support body 52 on the rock to be tested detected by the multi-axis force sensor 17;

[0034] The blades of the tensile test head 26 and the tensile support body 53 are both flat cylinders, and there is a small cone blade tip protruding outward at the center of the cylinder. A groove is set between the threaded connecting rod of the tensile test head 26 and the blade head. When the mobile base of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 moves along the length direction of the fully enclosed shell with the rock to be tested, the data processing system 18 can measure the tensile characteristic data of the rock to be tested according to the force of the tensile test head 26 and the tensile support body 53 on the rock to be tested detected by the multi-axis force sensor 17; the blade of the scratch test head 27 is a flat cylinder, fixed at the center of the cylinder. A tool holder 28 is provided, on which both the sharp tool head and the blunt tool head can be detachably mounted, the scratch support body 54 is a flat rectangular body, on one side of which a splash plate is provided, and when the moving base of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 moves with the rock to be tested along the length direction of the fully enclosed shell, the data processing system 18 can measure the characteristic data such as the rock strength and friction angle of the rock to be tested by changing the sharp tool head 28 and the blunt tool head and the force exerted by the scratch test head 27 and the scratch support body 54 on the rock to be tested detected by the multi-axis force sensor 17, and different scratch parameters can be obtained by changing the scratch depth.

[0035] The detection steps of a multifunctional rock detection device and detection method are as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Select the corresponding experimental head group 9 according to the rock characteristic data to be detected.

[0037] Step 2: Install the selected experimental head group 9; start the gear driving device 36, the gear driving device 36 drives the horizontal gear 35 to rotate around its own axis, and inserts the upper experimental part 29 of the selected experimental head group 9 into the positioning hole 37. As the horizontal gear 37 rotates, the upper experimental part 29 of the experimental head group 9 can be automatically installed on the beam 8, and the lower experimental part 30 of the selected experimental head group 9 is installed in the mounting groove on the multi-axis force sensor 17 through the mounting column.

[0038] Step three: calibrate the experimental head group 9; in order to ensure the accuracy of the test results, it is necessary to make the lower experimental part 30 of the selected experimental head group 9 located directly below the upper experimental part 29, and move the lower experimental part 30 of the experimental head group 9 to the lower part of the upper experimental part 29 through the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 and the vertical pushing device 31; start the fully enclosed screw moving module 5, so that the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 carries the selected lower experimental part 30 of the experimental head group 9 and moves to the selected upper part of the experimental head group 9 along the length direction of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 Below the experimental part 29, the vertical pushing device 31 is then started, so that the pressure-increasing device 3 pressurizes the internal cylinder of the jack 2, thereby pushing the pushing part of the jack 2 vertically upward until the lower experimental part 30 contacts the upper experimental part 29, and then fine-tunes the moving part of the fully-enclosed screw moving module 5. When the lower experimental part 30 is located directly below the upper experimental part 29, the fully-enclosed screw moving module 5 is stopped, and finally the pressure relief valve 1 on the jack 2 is opened to relieve the pressure on the internal cylinder of the jack 2, thereby resetting the pushing part of the jack 2 vertically downward.

[0039] Step 4: Clamp the rock to be tested, start the switch of the sample clamping device 13, and the driving parts of the rotating driving devices of the two symmetrically arranged sample clamping devices 13 rotate at the same time, so that the rotating arm 41 rotates around the first hinge point 45 in the direction close to the axis of the multi-axis force sensor 17, until the two symmetrical clamping pieces 40 contact the two ends of the rock to be tested at the same time, so that the sample clamping device 13 clamps the rock to be tested, so that the rock to be tested is relatively fixed relative to the lower experimental part 30; at this time, the electric push rod 42 is opened, and the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 42 extends and slides in the adjusting groove 48 with the end of the adjusting arm 44 that cooperates with the adjusting groove 48, and the rotating driving device will synchronously drive the rotating arm 41 to rotate around the first hinge point 45 in the direction close to the axis of the multi-axis force sensor 17 according to the rotation of the adjusting arm 44, and the end of the adjusting arm 44 hinged on the third hinge point 47 will move vertically downward with the clamping piece 40 until the lower surface of the rock to be tested is driven by the two symmetrically arranged clamping pieces 40 to contact the cutter head of the lower experimental part 30.

[0040] Step 5: record the initial lateral value; start the vertical pushing device 31, so that the pressure device 3 pressurizes the internal cylinder of the jack 2, so that the pushing part of the jack 2 is pushed vertically upward, so that the rock to be tested moves vertically upward to the upper surface of the rock to be tested and presses against the cutter head of the experimental part 29 on the selected experimental head group 9. At this time, the value on the scale corresponding to one side of the length direction of the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 is recorded as the initial lateral value.

[0041] Step six: adjust the vertical extensometer 6; based on the state of step five, adjust the clamping arm 7 to move vertically along the outer wall of the column 10 until the measuring head at the lower end of the vertical extensometer 6 contacts the upper surface of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5, and adjust the value shown on the vertical extensometer 6 to 0.

[0042] Step seven: based on the state in step six, start the multi-axis force sensor 17; record the data transmitted to the data processing system 18 by the multi-axis force sensor 17 as the initial load data.

[0043] Step 8: Conduct the corresponding experimental process according to the data to be tested;

[0044] When it is necessary to detect the rock's anti-strength, the upper test part 29 on the crossbeam 8 and the lower test part 30 on the multi-axis force sensor 17 are replaced with the anti-strength test head 24 and the anti-strength support body 51 respectively, and the pushing part of the jack 2 is made to continue to move vertically upward with the rock to be tested on the basis of the state of step seven, and the anti-strength test head 24 and the anti-strength support body 51 simultaneously generate vertical relative forces on the rock to be tested, and the data output by the data processing system 18 is the rock's anti-strength characteristic data; when it is necessary to detect the rock's hardness, the upper test part 29 on the crossbeam 8 and the lower test part 30 on the multi-axis force sensor 17 are replaced with the hardness test head 25 and the hardness support body 52 respectively, and the pushing part of the jack 2 is made to continue to move vertically upward with the rock to be tested on the basis of the state of step seven, and the hardness test head 25 and the hardness support body 52 simultaneously generate vertical relative forces on the rock to be tested, and the data output by the data processing system 18 is the rock's hardness characteristic data;

[0045] When it is necessary to detect the tensile strength of the rock, the upper test part 29 on the crossbeam 8 and the lower test part 30 on the multi-axis force sensor 17 are replaced with the tensile test head 26 and the tensile support body 53 respectively, and the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 is moved along the length direction of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 on the basis of the state of step seven, with the rock to be tested. The tensile test head 26 and the tensile support body 53 simultaneously generate a relative lateral force on the rock to be tested, and the data output by the data processing system 18 is the tensile characteristic data of the rock; when it is necessary to detect the scratches of the rock, the upper test part 29 on the crossbeam 8 and the lower test part 30 on the multi-axis force sensor 17 are replaced with the scratch test head 27 and the scratch support body 54 respectively, and the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 is moved along the length direction of the fully enclosed screw moving module 5 on the basis of the state of step seven, with the rock to be tested. The scratch test head 27 and the scratch support body 54 simultaneously generate a relative vertical force on the rock to be tested, and the data output by the data processing system 18 is the scratch characteristic data of the rock.

[0046] Step nine: disassemble the experimental head group 9; after completing the data collection described in step eight, start the gear drive device 26 again, so that the drive shaft of the gear drive device 26 rotates in the opposite direction of step one, driving the horizontal gear to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the upper experimental part 29 of the selected experimental head group 9 is withdrawn from the positioning hole 37, and the upper experimental part 29 is separated from the crossbeam 8 of the support frame 4; pull out the lower experimental part 30 of the selected experimental head group 9 upwards, so that the lower experimental part 30 is separated from the multi-axis force sensor 17;

[0047] Step 10: When the rock characteristics to be tested are changed, different characteristic data of the rock to be tested can be obtained by replacing a different experimental head group 9 and repeating the above steps 1 to 9.

[0048] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art may make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional rock detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical pushing device (31), a support frame (4), a fully enclosed screw moving module (5) and an experimental head group (9); the experimental head group (9) is divided into an upper experimental part (29) and a lower experimental part (30); the fully enclosed screw moving module (5) is installed on the pushing part of the vertical pushing device (31); a multi-axis force sensor (17) is installed on the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module (5); the lower experimental part (30) is detachably installed on the multi-axis force sensor (17); the upper experimental part (29) is above the multi-axis force sensor (17) and fixed on the support frame (4); the lower experimental part (30) can move along the length direction of the fully enclosed screw moving module (5) with the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module (5), so that the lower experimental part (30) is translated to align with the upper experimental part (29) directly below.

2. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (4) comprises a crossbeam (8) and a base plate (23); two columns (10) are fixed on the base plate (23); the crossbeam (8) is fixed to the two columns (10) by means of positioning bolts (12); and a mounting structure (32) for mounting an upper experimental section (29) is provided at the center of the lower end of the crossbeam (8).

3. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting structure (32) comprises a positioning sleeve (33), a thrust ball bearing (34), a horizontal gear (35) and a gear driving device (36). The positioning sleeve (33) is fixed at the middle of the crossbeam (8). The positioning sleeve (33) and the horizontal gear (35) are coaxially arranged and rotatably matched through the thrust ball bearing (34). The axis of the horizontal gear (35) is provided with a through internal threaded connection hole (38). The threaded connection rod at the upper end of the upper experimental part (29) is matched with the threaded connection hole (38). The gear driving device (36) drives the horizontal gear (35) to rotate horizontally around its own axis. The positioning sleeve (33) is provided with a positioning hole (37), and the positioning hole (37) and the threaded connection hole (38) are coaxially arranged.

4. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sample clamping device (13) is provided on the upper periphery of the multi-axis force sensor (17).

5. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sample clamping device (13) comprises a left clamping unit and a right clamping unit which are symmetrical with each other; the right clamping unit comprises a clamping piece (40), a rotating arm (41), a connecting arm (43) and an adjusting arm (44); a first hinge point (45) is arranged at one end of the rotating arm (41), and a second hinge point (46) is arranged at the other end, and the second hinge point (46) is located above the first hinge point (45); the rotating arm (41) is rotatably arranged on the moving part of the fully enclosed screw moving module (5) through the first hinge point, One end of the rotating arm (41) and the connecting arm (43) are hingedly arranged at a second hinge point, and the other end of the connecting arm (43) is provided with a third hinge point (47). An adjustment slot (48) is provided on the rotating arm (41), and one end of the adjustment arm (44) slides in the adjustment slot (48), and the other end is hingedly arranged with the connecting arm (43) at the third hinge point (47). A hinge seat (49) is provided in the middle section of the outer wall of the clip (40), and the hinge seat (49) is hingedly arranged at the third hinge point (47).

6. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper test part (29) and the lower test part (30) of the test head group (9) are respectively an anti-strength test head (24) and an anti-strength support body (51); the upper end of the anti-strength test head (24) is provided with a threaded connection rod matched with the threaded connection hole (38); the center of the lower end of the anti-strength support body (51) is fixed with a mounting column; the tool heads of the anti-strength test head (24) and the anti-strength support body (51) are both cones, and the tip of the cone is an arc-shaped tool tip.

7. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper test part (29) and the lower test part (30) of the test head group (9) are also respectively a hardness test head (25) and a hardness support body (52); the upper end of the hardness test head (25) is provided with a threaded connecting rod matched with the threaded connecting hole (38); the center of the lower end of the hardness support body (52) is fixed with a mounting column; the blade head of the hardness test head (25) is a cone, the tip of the cone is a rectangular blade tip, and the blade head of the hardness support body (52) is a flat cylinder.

8. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper test part (29) and the lower test part (30) of the test head group (9) are also respectively a tensile test head (26) and a tensile support body (53); the upper end of the tensile test head (26) is provided with a threaded connecting rod matching the threaded connecting hole (38); the center of the lower end of the tensile support body (53) is fixed with a mounting column; the blades of the tensile test head (26) and the tensile support body (53) are both flat cylinders, and a small conical blade tip protruding outward is provided at the center of the cylinder.

9. A multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper experimental part (29) and the lower experimental part (30) of the experimental head group (9) are also respectively a scratch experimental head (27) and a scratch support body (54); the upper end of the scratch experimental head (27) is provided with a threaded connecting rod matched with the threaded connecting hole (38); a mounting column is fixed at the center of the lower end of the scratch support body (54); a tool holder (28) is fixed at the exact center of the lower end of the scratch experimental head (27); and a sharp tool head and a blunt tool head are detachably mounted on the tool holder (28).

10. The detection method of the multifunctional rock detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is necessary to detect the rock strength, the upper test part (29) on the crossbeam (8) and the lower test part (30) on the multi-axis force sensor (17) are replaced with a strength test head (24) and a strength support body (51) respectively; when it is necessary to detect the rock hardness, the upper test part (29) on the crossbeam (8) and the lower test part (30) on the multi-axis force sensor (17) are replaced with a hardness test head (25) and a hardness support body (52) respectively; when it is necessary to detect the rock tensile strength, the upper test part (29) on the crossbeam (8) and the lower test part (30) on the multi-axis force sensor (17) are replaced with a tensile test head (26) and a tensile support body (53) respectively; when it is necessary to detect rock scratches, the upper test part (29) on the crossbeam (8) and the lower test part (30) on the multi-axis force sensor (17) are replaced with a scratch test head (27) and a scratch support body (54) respectively.

Images