Method for determining the engineering quantity of the reactor decommissioning process

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of computer-aided simulation technology, and in particular to a method for determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning process of a reactor. The method includes the following steps S1 to S4: S1: obtaining the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S2: determining the digital model of the reactor based on the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S3: determining the cutting scheme, disassembly path, and tools and equipment used for disassembly based on the digital model; S4: determining the engineering quantity of reactor decommissioning and disassembly based on the cutting scheme, disassembly path, and tools and equipment determined in step S3. The method provided in the embodiments of the present application determines the engineering quantity of reactor decommissioning and disassembly by simulating the reactor, which can more accurately determine the decommissioning engineering quantity of the reactor, thereby accurately determining the decommissioning cost of the reactor, so as to avoid the forced interruption of the reactor decommissioning project due to excessive consumption of funds or insufficient funds for reactor decommissioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of computer-aided simulation, and more particularly to a method for determining the engineering workload of a reactor decommissioning process. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] When a reactor reaches the end of its lifespan, it needs to be decommissioned. Due to the reactor's complex structure and the massive amount of work involved in dismantling, decontamination, and radioactive waste disposal, failure to accurately determine the required decommissioning workload can significantly impact the process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A brief overview of the present application is provided below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or important portions of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is simply to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be discussed later.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning process of a reactor, which includes the following steps S1 to S4: S1: obtaining the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S2: determining a digital model of the reactor based on the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S3: determining a cutting scheme, a disassembly path, and tools and equipment used for disassembly based on the digital model; S4: determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning and disassembly of the reactor based on the cutting scheme, disassembly path, and tools and equipment determined in step S3.

[0006] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application determines the engineering workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling by simulating a reactor, which can more accurately determine the decommissioning engineering workload of the reactor, thereby accurately determining the decommissioning cost of the reactor, so as to avoid the forced interruption of the reactor decommissioning project due to excessive capital consumption or insufficient funds for reactor decommissioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated into and form a part of this specification. Elements with the same function and structure are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings depict only typical examples of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0008] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0009] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the effect of verifying whether a cutting device will interfere with the space in which a reactor exists in one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0010] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of loading cut objects into a loading container according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0012] Description of reference numerals: 100, loading container; 200, cut object;

[0013] 10. Cutting device; 30. Reactor assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0015] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, the accompanying drawings only show the device structure and / or processing steps that are closely related to the solution according to the present application, while other details that are not closely related to the present application are omitted.

[0016] The disclosure below provides a plurality of different embodiments or examples for implementing the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and methods of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0017] During the reactor decommissioning process, the decommissioning costs must be determined first. If the costs are too high, it will result in a waste of funds, while if they are too low, insufficient funds will result, forcing the decommissioning project to be suspended. Determining decommissioning costs involves two aspects: determining the unit price and the amount of work to be done. While the unit price is relatively easy to determine, often referencing market prices, accurately determining the amount of work to be done becomes the key to determining decommissioning costs.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning process of a reactor, see Figure 1 , which includes the following steps S1 to S4:

[0019] S1: Obtain the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor.

[0020] S2: Determine a digital model of the reactor based on the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor.

[0021] S3: Determine the cutting plan, disassembly path, and tools and equipment used for disassembly based on the digital model.

[0022] S4: Determine the engineering workload for reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the cutting plan, dismantling path, and tools and equipment determined in step S3.

[0023] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application determines the engineering workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling by simulating a reactor, which can more accurately determine the decommissioning engineering workload of the reactor, thereby accurately determining the decommissioning cost of the reactor, so as to avoid the forced interruption of the reactor decommissioning project due to excessive capital consumption or insufficient funds for reactor decommissioning.

[0024] In some embodiments, step S3 includes: dividing the digital model into multiple modules according to the cutting plan; and determining the tools and equipment for decommissioning each module according to the properties of each module.

[0025] When cutting different modules, different tools and equipment need to be selected according to the properties of each module. Different tools and equipment will result in different engineering quantities. By determining the tools and equipment required to cut different modules, the engineering quantity of reactor decommissioning and dismantling can be determined more accurately.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining consumables included in the tool equipment; determining a consumption coefficient of the consumables based on the consumables; and determining the quantity of the consumables based on the consumption coefficient.

[0027] Some consumables are long-lasting, such as diamond cutting wire, while others are disposable, such as gas used in gas cutting. Other consumables fall somewhere in between, such as protective lenses. By determining the consumption coefficient for each consumable, you can rationally determine the quantity of consumables and avoid overpurchasing or underusing them. For example, for long-lasting consumables, the consumption coefficient can be set at 0.01, for disposable consumables, the consumption coefficient can be set at 1, and for other consumables, the consumption coefficient can be a value between the two, such as 0.5. The mass or volume of the processing and cutting module is multiplied by the consumption coefficient to determine the quantity of consumables.

[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining the mass or volume of multiple modules; determining a decontamination plan for the multiple modules based on the mass or volume of the multiple modules; determining the engineering volume of decontamination of the multiple modules based on the decontamination plan; and determining the engineering volume of reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the engineering volume of decontamination of the multiple modules.

[0029] Before decommissioning a reactor, it must undergo decontamination to ensure that its radioactivity meets required levels. This decontamination process also incurs a significant engineering workload. By determining the engineering workload involved in the decontamination process, we can more accurately determine the engineering workload required for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor.

[0030] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining a decontamination coefficient for decontaminating multiple modules based on the mass or volume of the multiple modules; determining equipment and consumables for decontaminating multiple modules based on the decontamination coefficient; and determining a decontamination plan based on the equipment and consumables for decontaminating multiple modules.

[0031] Specifically, the decontamination process needs to consider the nuclide activity before and after decontamination. The decontamination coefficient can be determined according to the following expression:

[0032] B=B f ·V·(1-r p ) or B=B f ·M·(1-r p ),

[0033] Among them, B is the activity of the nuclide after decontamination, B f is the nuclide activity before decontamination, which can be obtained based on actual measurements, V is the volume of the module to be decontaminated, M is the mass of the module to be decontaminated, and r pThe decontamination coefficient is the decontamination factor. A larger decontamination coefficient indicates a more thorough module decontamination. For example, when the decontamination coefficient is greater than 0.95, chemical reagents can be used for module decontamination; when the decontamination coefficient is less than 0.80, scrubbing equipment can be used for module decontamination; and when the decontamination coefficient is between 0.8 and 0.95, laser or polishing equipment can be used for module decontamination. Similar to disassembly, after determining the decontamination equipment and consumables, the consumable consumption coefficient can be used to determine the consumable consumption and, therefore, the decontamination workload.

[0034] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining the staff for reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the multiple modules; and determining the engineering workload for reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the staff.

[0035] Personnel costs are an indispensable part when calculating the total cost. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the personnel workload in order to more accurately determine the workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling.

[0036] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining the worker's work difficulty coefficient based on the worker's work content; and determining the engineering volume of reactor decommissioning and disassembly based on the work difficulty coefficient.

[0037] It is easy to understand that for the same length of work, the higher the difficulty of the staff's work, the higher the personnel cost. By determining the staff's work difficulty coefficient, the personnel workload for different jobs can be determined more accurately.

[0038] In some embodiments, the method further includes: determining one or more of the staff's respiratory protection coefficient, radiation protection optimization coefficient, accessibility coefficient, protective clothing coefficient, work productivity coefficient, and remote operation coefficient; and determining the work difficulty coefficient based on the above coefficients.

[0039] During the decommissioning and dismantling of a reactor, workers are required to wear respiratory protection devices such as oxygen masks to protect against the effects of radioactive gases. However, the mist from breathing can interfere with the decommissioning and dismantling process, reducing worker efficiency. A respiratory protection factor is used to compensate for this inefficiency. The greater the interference, the greater the respiratory protection factor. For example, the respiratory protection factor can range from 10% to 50%.

[0040] Workers involved in reactor decommissioning and dismantling are required to undergo regular safety training and conduct preparatory work before entering high-risk areas or areas with high radiation doses. The radiation protection optimization factor is used to compensate for this time. The longer these activities take, the greater the radiation protection optimization factor. For example, the radiation protection optimization factor can range from 10% to 15%.

[0041] When workers work in restricted areas such as scaffolding, ladders, and pipes, their work efficiency decreases. The accessibility coefficient is used to compensate for this decrease in work efficiency. The greater the decrease in work efficiency, the greater the accessibility coefficient. The range of the accessibility coefficient can be, for example, 10%-20%.

[0042] Workers are required to wear protective clothing when entering radiation-controlled areas, and this clothing itself can affect their work efficiency. The protective clothing factor is used to compensate for this decline in work efficiency. The greater the decline in work efficiency, the greater the protective clothing factor. The protective clothing factor can range from 10% to 30%, for example.

[0043] During the work process, staff will also be affected by factors such as union negotiation agreements, bad weather, lack of rest time, etc., which will reduce work efficiency. The work productivity coefficient is used to compensate for the above efficiency. The more the work efficiency decreases, the greater the work productivity coefficient. Its specific value needs to be determined in combination with the work unit and the external environment. Among them, the work productivity coefficient caused by lack of rest time can be, for example, 5%-10%.

[0044] When workers need to control machinery through remote operation, they will be affected by the operating equipment. For example, the force feedback of the tool is not as obvious as directly controlling the machinery, and they need to use indirect vision instead of direct vision to work. The above factors will lead to a decrease in the work efficiency of the workers. The remote operation coefficient is used to compensate for the above efficiency. The greater the decrease in work efficiency, the greater the remote operation coefficient. Its specific value needs to be determined in combination with the operating equipment and the operating scenario.

[0045] After determining one or more of the worker's respiratory protection factor, radiation protection optimization factor, accessibility factor, protective clothing factor, work productivity factor, and remote operation factor, the work difficulty factor can be determined according to the following expression:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, x is the difficulty coefficient of the work, x i is the i-th coefficient mentioned above, and n is the total number of the above coefficients.

[0048] In some embodiments, step S1 includes the following steps: setting multiple reference devices inside and outside the reactor, and establishing a coordinate system about the reactor based on the positions of the reference devices; setting multiple scanning points inside the reactor, recording the coordinates of the scanning points, and scanning the reactor at the scanning points, converting the scanned photos into point cloud data, and obtaining the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor based on the point cloud data.

[0049] In some embodiments, step S2 includes the following steps: importing the point cloud data into the modeling software, using the modeling software to remove the content in the point cloud data that is not related to the reactor, splicing and coloring the processed point cloud data according to the position of the reference device, and converting the spliced ​​and colored point cloud data into a digital model of the reactor.

[0050] In some embodiments, step S3 includes the following steps: simulating a laser for cutting, simulating a reactor shell for cutting, and performing simulated cutting on the simulated reactor shell using the simulated laser.

[0051] This simulation method simulates the reactor casing cutting process before actually cutting the decommissioned reactor vessel. This ensures that the resulting cut pieces are of similar size, facilitating subsequent handling. Furthermore, the simulated cutting process can promptly identify potential problems that may arise during the actual cutting process.

[0052] When simulating a laser for cutting, a first object is created. The first object is defined as a laser. The first object includes multiple attributes. The multiple attributes represent multiple elements of the laser. The attributes representing the real laser are split into multiple elements, and each element is implemented separately.

[0053] Among them, the multiple attributes of the first object may include: laser switch, cutting laser length, cutting laser width, cutting distance, minimum cutting distance, maximum cutting distance, cutting angle, minimum cutting angle, maximum cutting angle, cutting grid generation interval, longitudinal movement tolerance, and laser overlap tolerance.

[0054] The laser simulated by the above properties is closer to the real laser in the actual cutting process, making the determined cutting plan and disassembly path more accurate.

[0055] In some embodiments, a second object is created, the second object being defined as a reactor containment; the second object comprising a plurality of attributes, the plurality of attributes characterizing a plurality of elements of the reactor containment.

[0056] The multiple attributes of the second object may include: mass, material, and shape of the reactor shell. During the simulation cutting process, the multiple attributes of the first object and the multiple attributes of the second object need to be combined to obtain a simulation result that is closer to the actual situation.

[0057] In some embodiments, the simulation method includes: confirming that the laser is in contact with the object to be cut; determining that the effective cutting distance of the laser is within a predetermined range; determining that the angle between the laser beam and the object to be cut is within the cutting angle range; determining that the time of the last record and the time of this record are greater than a predetermined time interval; generating a cutting record point of the laser; repeating the above process until the above conditions are no longer met, generating multiple cutting record points of the laser; generating a cutting path line of the laser based on the multiple cutting record points; generating a laser cutting grid body based on the cutting path line and the length and width of the laser; comparing the laser cutting grid body with the object to be cut, thereby achieving cutting of the object to be cut.

[0058] The method to confirm whether the laser is in contact with the object being cut is to compare the two endpoints of the laser with the three vertices of each surface of the object being cut, and determine whether the two endpoints pass through each surface of the object being cut. If so, it means that the laser is in contact with the object being cut.

[0059] When comparing the laser cutting grid body with the object to be cut, the laser grid body is used to perform a Boolean operation on the object to be cut, and the repeated parts of the object to be cut are subtracted, thereby achieving the cutting of the object to be cut.

[0060] In some embodiments, after the cutting is completed, a separation determination is performed. When it is determined that the object is split into two by the cutting laser, the other half of the grid is used as the original grid to create an object of the other half of the cut object and call its cutting event.

[0061] In some embodiments, the laser-cut mesh body is compared with a predetermined error to determine whether the cutting of the laser-cut mesh body is completed.

[0062] In some embodiments, a third object is created, and the third object is defined as an operating device of the cutting apparatus. The laser is fixed on the operating device, and the movement of the laser is driven by the movement of the operating device.

[0063] For example, the operating device could be a robotic arm equipped with a cutting mechanism. During the cutting process, it's important to consider whether the operating device might interfere with other objects, such as the object being cut, potentially preventing the cutting operation. By creating a third object to simulate the operating device, the simulation results can be closer to reality, reducing the potential for issues.

[0064] In some embodiments, the shape of the moving parts of the operating device is created, the axis of each moving part is defined, and based on the axis, the movement properties and rotation properties of the moving parts are constructed; the linkage relationship between the moving parts is constructed; the input of the operator when operating the operating device is defined, and the input is associated with the movement of the moving parts so that the moving parts can be controlled through the input of the operator.

[0065] In some embodiments, the simulation method also includes obtaining a laser cutting plan for the reactor shell, and generating a number of path lines simulating laser cutting according to the cutting plan; assigning a feature display to each path line; arranging the cutting path line at a corresponding position of the reactor shell; and using an operating device to operate the laser to cut along the cutting path line.

[0066] The above steps can be used to verify the feasibility of the laser cutting operation. If there are problems during the operation, such as interference between the operating equipment and the reactor shell, the cutting plan can be changed and the simulated cutting can be repeated.

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram is shown of the effect of verifying whether the cutting device will interfere with the existence space of the reactor in one embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that when the cutting device 10 simulated in the figure cuts one of the reactor components 30, the cutting device 10 "passes through" the other reactor component 30, indicating that in the actual cutting process, when the cutting device 10 cuts one of the reactor components 30, it will be blocked by the other reactor component 30 and cannot be cut. Therefore, in actual cutting, this scheme is not used to cut the reactor.

[0068] In some embodiments, the cutting plan includes: calculating the volume of the reactor shell; calculating the curvature of a single piece of cutting material based on the bottom area of ​​the cutting material loading container and the diameter of the reactor shell; determining the number of laser beams required for longitudinal cutting based on the curvature of the single piece of cutting material; calculating the height of a single piece of cutting material based on the depth of the cutting material loading container; and determining the number of laser beams required for transverse cutting based on the height of the single piece of cutting material and the height of the reactor shell.

[0069] Specifically, when cutting the reactor shell, the more blocks are cut, the smaller the volume of each block is. When the blocks are loaded into the loading container, the higher the space utilization of the loading container is. However, the time consumed for cutting will also increase. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably determine the number of blocks cut from the reactor shell to achieve a balance between space utilization and cutting time. Figure 3When determining the size of a single object 200, it can be assumed that multiple objects 200 are stacked in the container 100. This transforms the problem of space utilization for the objects 200 into a calculation of planar area. By calculating the ratio of the bottom area of ​​the object 200 to the bottom area of ​​the container 100, the space utilization of the object 200 can be determined, thereby determining the appropriate bottom area of ​​the object 200. This, in turn, allows the calculation of the curvature of the object 200 and the number of laser beams required for longitudinal cutting. Similarly, the height of the object 200 can be determined based on the depth of the container 100, further determining the number of laser beams required for transverse cutting.

[0070] Furthermore, a method for determining the bottom area of ​​a single cut object 200 is introduced.

[0071] In some embodiments, the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0072]

[0073] Where X is the total number of cut objects 200; g1(X) is the chord length corresponding to the outer arc length of a single cut object 200; b1 is the bottom side length of the loading container used to load the cut objects 200; g2(X) is the weight of a single cut object 200; b2 is the maximum lifting weight of the lifting device used to lift the cut objects 200; T(X) is the total cutting time; Z(X) is the space utilization rate, and st represents a linear constraint.

[0074] Through the above expression, the four conditions of total cutting time, space utilization, side length of the loading container and maximum lifting weight of the lifting device can be optimized by multi-objective optimization, thereby calculating the accurate total number of cutting objects 200.

[0075] In some embodiments, the relationship between the chord length corresponding to the outer arc length of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0076]

[0077] Wherein, r is the radius of the outer arc of the cutting object 200.

[0078] According to the above expression, the relationship between the chord length corresponding to the outer arc length of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 can be obtained more accurately, so as to more accurately determine the range of the total number of cut objects 200.

[0079] In some embodiments, the relationship between the weight of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0080]

[0081] Where M is the mass of the structure to be cut.

[0082] According to the above expression, the relationship between the weight of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 can be obtained more accurately, so as to more accurately determine the range of the total number of cut objects 200.

[0083] In some embodiments, the relationship between the total cutting time and the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0084]

[0085] Where r1 and r2 are the radii of the outer arc and inner arc to be cut, respectively; d is the sum of the radial and axial movement distances of the cutting device; and v is the cutting speed of the cutting device.

[0086] According to the above expression, the relationship between the total cutting time and the total number of the cut objects 200 can be obtained more accurately, so as to more accurately determine the range of the total number of the cut objects 200.

[0087] By using the above method, the bottom area of ​​the single cut object 200 can be determined more accurately, thereby obtaining a more accurate cutting plan and disassembly path, so that the determined engineering quantity is more accurate.

[0088] In some embodiments, when determining the cutting plan and disassembly path, the process of sucking the cut object 200 into the loading container 100 also needs to be considered. Therefore, the sucking process needs to be simulated to obtain a more accurate cutting plan and disassembly path.

[0089] Specifically, a fourth object may be created, where the object is defined as a suction device. The object includes a plurality of attributes, and the plurality of attributes represent a plurality of elements of the suction device.

[0090] By using multiple attributes to characterize multiple elements of the suction device, only some of the attributes can be adjusted during the process of simulated suction, thereby achieving precise control of the simulated suction device.

[0091] In some embodiments, the simulated suction process further comprises the following steps: the suction device detects the nearest object within the cylindrical suction range; calculates the projected area of ​​the nearest object on the surface of the suction cup of the suction device; calculates the suction force of the suction device based on the projected area; calculates the actual suction force of the suction device based on the center of mass of the object being sucked; and determines whether to suck the object based on the actual suction force and the object's own weight.

[0092] By detecting the nearest object, the range of objects that the suction device can pick up can be narrowed down, reducing the amount of calculation. By calculating the actual suction force of the suction device and comparing it with the weight of the object being sucked, it can be confirmed whether the object is being sucked properly.

[0093] In some embodiments, a cylindrical suction range may be generated according to the maximum suction distance of the center point of the suction cup of the suction device in the direction of the suction force, and objects within the range may be detected according to the cylindrical suction range.

[0094] By generating a cylindrical suction range, it can be ensured that the suction device can suck the objects that need to be sucked, and will not suck irrelevant objects.

[0095] In some embodiments, according to the electromagnetic suction cup suction simulation calculation formula, the contact suction force F0 is equal to the suction cup power C multiplied by the contact area S:

[0096] F0=C×S.

[0097] By using the above expression, the suction force of the suction device can be determined more accurately, thereby avoiding suction failure caused by excessive or insufficient suction force.

[0098] In some embodiments, the third object may also be defined as an operating device of the suction device, where the suction device is fixed to the operating device, and the movement of the operating device drives the movement of the suction device.

[0099] In an actual suction process, the suction device is set on an operating device such as a crane. By simulating the third object, it can be verified whether the suction device can be driven by the operating device to move to the specified position.

[0100] In some embodiments, the simulation method also includes: creating the shape of the moving parts of the operating device, defining the axis of each moving part, and constructing the movement properties and rotation properties of the moving parts based on the axis; constructing the linkage relationship between the moving parts; defining the input of the operator when operating the operating device, and associating the input with the movement of the moving parts so that the moving parts can be controlled through the input of the operator.

[0101] The movement attribute and the rotation attribute may be the speed and range of movement and rotation. The above simulation method can divide the simulated operating device from a whole into multiple parts based on multiple axes, making the movement of the simulated operating device more precise, thereby making the simulation effect closer to the actual situation.

[0102] In some embodiments, a suction device is placed near the object to be cut before the cut is completed.

[0103] Placing the suction device near the cutting object can make the cutting object be sucked in time to prevent the cutting object from falling to the ground. Further, when the cutting object is about to be cut, the suction power of the suction device can be increased to ensure that the cutting object is successfully sucked.

[0104] In some embodiments, the simulation method further comprises: after the cut object is sucked up, transferring it to a transfer device, turning off the suction, separating the cut object from the cutting device, and transferring it by the transfer device.

[0105] After the cut material is sucked into the suction device, the suction device constrains the cut material and can be moved to any position with the suction device. The switch and power of the suction device can be adjusted. When the suction device is turned off or the suction power is insufficient to maintain the attraction to offset the gravity of the cut material, the constraint on the cut material is released and the cut material falls freely with gravity. In the process of transferring the cut material to the transfer device, problems such as the cut material falling too fast may occur. By simulating this process, problems that may occur in this process can be discovered, thereby avoiding these problems in the actual cutting process. In some embodiments, the transfer device can be, for example, a trolley for placing loading containers.

[0106] In some embodiments, the cut material is subjected to simplified processing before cutting.

[0107] When cutting complex objects, such as models with more than 300,000 faces, there will be some delay during the operation and lag when the display updates, which will affect the absorption process. Simplifying more complex cutting objects can make the absorption process smoother and avoid these problems.

[0108] In some embodiments, the plurality of properties of the suction device may include:

[0109] The maximum suction distance is used to determine whether the object will be sucked by the suction device. The object will be sucked only when the distance from the projected center of mass of the object to the suction device is less than the maximum suction distance.

[0110] The suction cup power coefficient is used to calculate the suction force of the suction cup on the object being attracted.

[0111] The suction cup switch provides suction to the object when it is turned on, and the suction to the object disappears when it is turned off.

[0112] The suction cup scan interval is the interval between area and gravity calculations for the object being attracted. A smaller suction cup scan interval results in more accurate simulation results, but also consumes more computing power. In some embodiments, the suction cup scan interval can be 0.2 seconds per scan.

[0113] The suction force of the suction cup on the object is calculated by the system.

[0114] In some embodiments, the actual suction force of the suction device can be determined according to the following formula:

[0115]

[0116] Where α is the distance from the object to the projected center of mass of the suction cup. This formula shows that the actual suction force is proportional to the suction cup power and the projected area of ​​the object onto the suction cup, and inversely proportional to the distance from the object to the projected center of mass of the suction cup.

[0117] In some embodiments, the simulation method further includes: when the actual suction force is greater than the self-weight of the attracted object, modifying the rigid body state of the attracted object to dynamic, and applying a force to it in the direction of the suction device.

[0118] The initial value of the rigid body state of all objects is static. Only objects with a dynamic rigid body state will simulate physical effects during initialization. This process can save computing power and only simulate the physical effects of the attracted objects.

[0119] The method provided in this application is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0120] Multiple reference devices are set up inside and outside the reactor, and a coordinate system for the reactor is established based on the positions of the reference devices; multiple scanning points are set up inside the reactor, the coordinates of the scanning points are recorded, and the reactor is scanned at the scanning points. The scanned photos are converted into point cloud data, and the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor are obtained based on the point cloud data.

[0121] Import the point cloud data into the modeling software. Use the modeling software to remove non-reactor content from the point cloud data. The processed point cloud data is then spliced ​​and colored based on the position of the reference device. The spliced ​​and colored point cloud data is then converted into a digital model of the reactor. Based on the digital model, the cutting and suction devices are simulated. The cutting plan and disassembly path are determined based on the shape and size of the container. Based on the cutting plan, the digital model is divided into multiple modules. One module is the high-pressure tank in the helium system. The tool equipment for disassembling this module is a 3D high-power automatic laser cutting machine system. The consumables included in the tool equipment are handheld pipe cutting machine tools. Based on the consumables, the consumable consumption coefficient is determined. The mass or volume of the processed cutting module is multiplied by the consumption coefficient to determine the quantity of consumables.

[0122] Determine the mass or volume of the module; based on the mass or volume of the module, combined with the measured nuclide activity of the module and the nuclide activity of the decontaminated module, determine that the decontamination coefficient for decontamination of the module is 0.90, use laser equipment to decontaminate the module, use laser decontamination as the decontamination solution, and use a consumables consumption coefficient of 0.01.

[0123] Based on the module being a high-pressure tank in the helium system, the personnel for reactor decommissioning and dismantling were determined. Based on their work content, the respiratory protection factor was set at 15%, the radiation protection optimization factor at 12%, the accessibility factor at 15%, the protective clothing factor at 12%, the work productivity factor at 6%, and the remote operation factor at 5%. Based on these factors, the work difficulty coefficient was determined to be 160%. The personnel workload was determined based on the work difficulty coefficient.

[0124] The workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling is determined based on the cutting plan, dismantling path, the number of tools and equipment for dismantling each module, the number of consumables, the workload of decontaminating multiple modules, and the workload of personnel.

[0125] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0126] The above are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the engineering workload of a reactor decommissioning process, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Obtaining geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S2: Determine a digital model of the reactor according to geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S3: Determine a cutting plan, a disassembly path, and tools and equipment for disassembly based on the digital model; divide the digital model into multiple modules based on the cutting plan; Determine the tools and equipment for decommissioning each module based on its nature; S4: Determine the engineering workload for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor based on the cutting scheme, dismantling path, and tools and equipment determined in step S3; determining the mass or volume of the plurality of modules; determining a decontamination plan for the plurality of modules according to the mass or volume of the plurality of modules; Determining the engineering workload for decontamination of the plurality of modules according to the decontamination plan; Determining the amount of work required for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor based on the amount of work required for decontamination of the multiple modules; determining a decontamination coefficient for decontaminating the plurality of modules according to the mass or volume of the plurality of modules; Determining equipment and consumables for decontaminating the multiple modules based on the decontamination coefficients; Determining the decontamination plan based on the equipment and consumables for decontaminating the multiple modules; Determining personnel for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor based on the multiple modules; Determine the engineering workload for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor based on the staff; The decontamination coefficient is determined according to the following expression: or , in, B is the nuclide activity after decontamination, B f is the nuclide activity before decontamination, obtained based on actual measurements, V is the volume of the module to be decontaminated, M is the mass of the module to be decontaminated, r p is the decontamination coefficient.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are also included: Determining the consumables included in the tool equipment; Determining a consumption coefficient of the consumables according to the consumables; The quantity of the consumables is determined according to the consumption coefficient.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are also included: Determine the staff member's work difficulty coefficient based on the staff member's work content; The engineering workload for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor is determined based on the work difficulty coefficient.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Determining one or more of a respiratory protection factor, a radiation protection optimization factor, an accessibility factor, a protective clothing factor, a work productivity factor, and a remote operation factor for the worker; According to the above coefficients, the difficulty coefficient of the work is determined.

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