Passive tag identification method, device, system and equipment, storage medium and computer program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive tag identification method, device, system and equipment, a storage medium and a computer program product, and the method comprises the steps: sending an excitation signal to a passive tag according to an equipment management and control instruction when receiving the equipment management and control instruction sent by a management platform, detecting whether there is an idle time slot in a time frame at the beginning of each time frame, and if yes, sending the idle time slot to the passive tag; if the idle time slot exists and the data transmitted by the passive tag is received, confirmation information and an instruction signal are sequentially sent to the passive tag in the idle time slot, the confirmation information is used for indicating whether the data is successfully received, and the instruction signal is used for assisting the passive tag to resend the data when the data is not successfully received; and after the data of all the passive tags are successfully received, the data of all the passive tags are uploaded to the management platform, so that the management platform identifies the passive tags according to the data of all the passive tags, thereby effectively improving the identification efficiency of the passive tags and shortening the identification time of a large batch of tags.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of virtual reality technology, and in particular to a passive tag recognition method, device, system, equipment, storage medium and computer program product. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, the interconnection of all things has gradually become possible. According to the different connection methods of the Internet of Things, it can be divided into active connection and passive connection. Active connection is a low-power Internet of Things technology represented by BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), LoRa (Long Range Radio), NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), and RedCap (Reduced Capability), while passive connection is a passive Internet of Things technology represented by RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and cellular backscatter communication. It specifically refers to a technology that does not rely on traditional battery power supply at all, and uses environmental energy harvesting technology and radio frequency signal conversion technology to achieve hundreds of billions of connections.

[0003] In recent years, passive RFID technology, which includes tags, reading and writing devices, and control platforms, has been widely used in scenarios such as automated inventory of warehouse assets, intelligent statistics of inventory in and out of the warehouse, and low-cost meter-level positioning and search of massive assets. Therefore, passive tag recognition is becoming increasingly important. However, related passive tag recognition methods cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, resulting in low efficiency of passive tag recognition. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a passive tag identification method, apparatus, system, device, storage medium and computer program product, aiming to solve the technical problem that the related passive tag identification methods cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, resulting in low passive tag identification efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a passive tag identification method, which is applied to a reading and writing device, and includes:

[0006] Upon receiving a device control instruction sent by the management platform, sending an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame;

[0007] At the beginning of each time frame, detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame;

[0008] If there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by a passive tag is received, then in the idle time slot, confirmation information and a command signal are sent to the passive tag in sequence, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received;

[0009] After successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, the data of all passive tags are uploaded to the management platform, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0010] Optionally, when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, sending an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction includes:

[0011] When receiving a device control instruction sent by the management platform, obtaining the total number of passive tags from the device control instruction;

[0012] An access probability is calculated according to the total number of passive tags, an excitation signal is generated according to the access probability, and the excitation signal is sent to the passive tags.

[0013] Optionally, at the beginning of each time frame, detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame includes:

[0014] At the beginning of each time frame, energy detection or signal feature analysis is performed on the time frame by sending a sensing signal;

[0015] Whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame is detected according to the energy detection result or the signal characteristic analysis result.

[0016] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also proposes a passive tag identification method, which is applied to a passive tag and includes:

[0017] When receiving an excitation signal sent by a read / write device, obtaining an access probability from the excitation signal;

[0018] A time frame is randomly selected according to the access probability, and data is sent at the beginning of the time frame:

[0019] receiving confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the read / write device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame;

[0020] If the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, the access probability is updated according to the instruction signal, and the process returns to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received;

[0021] If the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received, the random access process is stopped.

[0022] In addition, to achieve the above purpose, the present invention also proposes a passive tag identification method, which is applied to a management platform and includes:

[0023] When the service is started, a device control instruction is sent to the read-write device, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame;

[0024] The data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device are received, and the passive tags are identified according to the data of all passive tags.

[0025] Optionally, when the service is started, sending a device control instruction to the read-write device includes:

[0026] When the service is turned on, a deep learning algorithm is used to estimate the total number of passive tags;

[0027] Generate a device control instruction based on the estimated total number of passive tags, and send the device control instruction to the read-write device, so that the read-write device calculates the access probability based on the total number of passive tags, generates an excitation signal based on the access probability, and sends the excitation signal to the passive tag.

[0028] Optionally, when the service is started, a deep learning algorithm is used to estimate the total number of passive tags, including:

[0029] When the service is started, the environmental energy characteristics or signal strength information of the passive IoT system is obtained;

[0030] The total number of the passive tags is estimated based on the environmental energy characteristics or the signal strength information through a deep learning algorithm.

[0031] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a passive tag identification device, which is used for a reading and writing device, and the passive tag identification device includes:

[0032] A tag excitation module is used to send an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame;

[0033] A time slot detection module, used for detecting whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of the time frame;

[0034] An information sending module, configured to send confirmation information and a command signal to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot if there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received;

[0035] The data uploading module is used to upload the data of all passive tags to the management platform after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0036] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a passive tag identification device, which is used for a passive tag, and the passive tag identification device includes:

[0037] A probability acquisition module, configured to acquire the access probability from the excitation signal when receiving the excitation signal sent by the read / write device;

[0038] A time frame selection module is used to randomly select a time frame according to the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame:

[0039] An information receiving module, used for receiving confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the reading and writing device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame;

[0040] a data retransmission module, configured to update the access probability according to the instruction signal if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, and return to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received;

[0041] The sending stop module is used to stop the random access process if the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received.

[0042] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a passive tag identification device, which is used for a management platform, and the passive tag identification device includes:

[0043] An instruction sending module is used to send a device control instruction to the read-write device when the service is started, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame;

[0044] The data receiving module is used to receive the data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device, and identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0045] In addition, to achieve the above purpose, the present application also proposes a passive tag identification system, which includes: a management platform, a reading and writing device, and a passive tag:

[0046] The management platform is used to send device control instructions to the read-write device when the service is started;

[0047] The reading and writing device is used to send an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform;

[0048] The passive tag is used to obtain the access probability from the excitation signal when receiving the excitation signal sent by the reading and writing device;

[0049] The passive tag is further used to randomly select a time frame according to the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame:

[0050] The read / write device is further used to detect whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of each time frame;

[0051] The read / write device is further configured to send confirmation information and instruction signals to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot if there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received;

[0052] The passive tag is further used to receive confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the reading and writing device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame;

[0053] The passive tag is further configured to update the access probability according to the instruction signal if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, and return to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received;

[0054] The passive tag is further used to stop the random access process if the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received;

[0055] The reading and writing device is also used to upload the data of all passive tags to the management platform after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags;

[0056] The management platform is also used to receive the data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device and identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0057] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a passive tag identification device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a passive tag identification program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the passive tag identification program is configured to implement the passive tag identification method as described above.

[0058] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a storage medium, on which a passive tag identification program is stored, and when the passive tag identification program is executed by a processor, the passive tag identification method as described above is implemented.

[0059] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a passive tag identification program, and when the passive tag identification program is executed by a processor, the passive tag identification method as described above is implemented.

[0060] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0061] In the present application, it is disclosed that when a device control instruction sent by a management platform is received, an excitation signal is sent to a passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame. At the beginning of each time frame, it is detected whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. If there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received, confirmation information and a command signal are sent to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received. After successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, the data of all passive tags are uploaded to the management platform so that the management platform can identify the passive tags based on the data of all passive tags; since the present application determines whether there is an idle time slot in the frame at the beginning of each time frame, if it is confirmed that there is an idle time slot and the data has been received, confirmation information and command signals are sent in sequence in the idle time slot, thereby being able to effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, and fully utilize the idle time slots to transmit control messages without the need for separate additional time slots, thereby being able to effectively improve the passive tag recognition efficiency and shorten the recognition time of large quantities of tags. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a scenario of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a frame of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0067] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of an idle time slot of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0068] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0069] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the third embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0070] Figure 7 This is a specific flow chart of an embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application;

[0071] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the passive tag identification device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of another passive tag identification device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of another passive tag identification device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Fig.11 It is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the passive tag identification system of the present invention;

[0075] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the passive tag identification method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0076] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0078] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0079] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, the interconnection of all things has gradually become possible. According to the different connection methods of the Internet of Things, it can be divided into active connection and passive connection. Active connection is a low-power Internet of Things technology represented by BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), LoRa (Long Range Radio), NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), and RedCap (Reduced Capability), while passive connection is a passive Internet of Things technology represented by RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and cellular backscatter communication. It specifically refers to a technology that does not rely on traditional battery power supply at all, and uses environmental energy harvesting technology and radio frequency signal conversion technology to achieve hundreds of billions of connections.

[0080] In recent years, passive RFID technology, which includes tags, read-write devices, and control platforms, has been widely used in scenarios such as automated inventory of warehouse assets, intelligent statistics of inventory in and out of the warehouse, and low-cost meter-level positioning and search of massive assets. However, when a large number of tags are connected to the read-write device within the same scene, if unified time slot access is selected, it will not only waste idle time slot resources, reduce recognition time and channel throughput, but also increase conflicting time slots, causing tag signals to collide at the read-write device end, and information reading fails. Therefore, how to balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots has become a key factor in improving the efficiency of large-scale tag recognition. At present, there are two main types of allocation algorithms that are used more: FSA (Frame Slotted Aloha, based on the frame time slot Aloha algorithm) and DFSA (Dynamic Frame Slotted Aloha, based on the dynamic frame time slot Aloha algorithm).

[0081] 1) The FSA-based passive tag identification algorithm uses the RFID reader to start the frame through a beacon message and request the tag to send a data packet containing its ID information in response. The tag randomly selects a time slot to respond. After receiving the response, the reader sends an acknowledgment packet (ACK) to inform the result, and then starts polling for the next frame.

[0082] 2) The core idea of ​​the DFSA-based passive tag identification algorithm is to adapt to the changes in the number of tags by dynamically adjusting the frame size and the number of time slots, thereby optimizing the system's identification efficiency.

[0083] 1. Disadvantages of the FSA-based passive tag identification algorithm: When the number of tags is less than or equal to the number of time slots, idle time slots will inevitably appear, resulting in reduced efficiency of the reader; at the same time, if the number of tags is much larger than the number of time slots, overload will occur, causing frequent collisions, affecting channel throughput and identification accuracy.

[0084] 2. Disadvantages of DFSA-based passive tag identification algorithm: Although the frame size and time slot number can be dynamically adjusted according to the number of tags to improve the adaptability and efficiency of the system, the algorithm usually requires complex prediction and feedback mechanisms to determine the optimal frame size, which increases the complexity of the implementation and may introduce additional calculation delays, thereby affecting the tag identification time.

[0085] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present application provides a solution, which includes: when receiving a device control instruction sent by a management platform, sending an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame, at the beginning of each time frame, detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame, if there is an idle time slot, and data transmitted by the passive tag is received, then sending confirmation information and command signals to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag when the data has not been successfully received. The tag resends the data, and after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, uploads the data of all passive tags to the management platform, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags based on the data of all passive tags; since the present application determines whether there is an idle time slot in the frame at the beginning of each time frame, if it is confirmed that there is an idle time slot and the data has been received, confirmation information and command signals are sent in sequence in the idle time slot, thereby being able to effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, and fully utilize the idle time slots to transmit control messages without the need for separate additional time slots, thereby being able to effectively improve the passive tag recognition efficiency and shorten the recognition time of large quantities of tags.

[0086] Based on this, the present application embodiment provides a passive tag identification method, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application.

[0087] In a first embodiment, the passive tag identification method is applied to a reading and writing device, and the passive tag identification method includes:

[0088] Step S10: upon receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, sending an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the passive tag identification system may include a management platform, a read-write device and a passive tag, and the read-write device may include a receiver and an exciter. Among them, the management platform is responsible for starting various business processing processes, the management platform implements unified coordination of the receiver, and is responsible for analyzing and presenting data. The role of the receiver is to send various operating instructions to the exciter, such as instructions for selecting and counting tags, and to manage and control these excitation devices, and optimize resource access between multiple excitation devices. The exciter transmits the instructions received from the receiver to the passive tag, and provides energy to the passive tag to achieve activation. Once the passive tag is activated, the passive tag will transmit its own data through backscattering, and the receiver will capture and upload these data, thereby completing the reading process of the passive tag storage information.

[0090] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 2 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application. Figure 2 In the example, assuming that the passive tag is an RFID tag, the management platform first starts the business process, schedules the receiver to send instructions, and uses a deep learning algorithm to estimate the total number of tags in the system; then, at the beginning of each time frame, the receiver senses the time slot status and determines whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. If it is determined that there is an idle time slot and the data sent by the passive tag has been received before, the receiver will immediately send confirmation information (such as ACK (Acknowledge Character) signal) and signaling signal to the exciter in the corresponding idle time slot, and transmit the radio frequency to the tags in the same range. Then, a large number of tags interpret their own access results (i.e., whether the data is successfully received) based on the received confirmation information, and decide whether to continue the random access process based on the new access probability when the data is not successfully received; finally, once the data of all tags is successfully received by the receiver and uploaded to the platform, the last confirmation information will be sent to end the whole process.

[0091] It is understandable that when the receiver receives the device control instruction sent by the management platform, the receiver will transmit the device control instruction to the exciter. The exciter sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction. When the passive tag receives the excitation signal sent by the read-write device, it obtains the access probability from the excitation signal, randomly selects a time frame according to the access probability, and sends data at the beginning of the time frame.

[0092] Furthermore, in order to maximize the channel throughput, in this embodiment, the access probability can be set according to the total number of passive tags, and an excitation signal can be generated according to the access probability. The step S10 includes: when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, obtaining the total number of passive tags from the device control instruction; calculating the access probability according to the total number of passive tags, generating an excitation signal according to the access probability, and sending the excitation signal to the passive tag.

[0093] For ease of understanding, the following examples are given, but the present application is not limited. As an example, when the receiver receives the device control instruction sent by the management platform, the receiver will transmit the device control instruction to the exciter to start a random access procedure. The signal consists of a preamble for synchronization, followed by the time slot duration and access probability p information. p can be initialized to "1 / total number of tags" to maximize the channel throughput. The passive tag periodically checks whether the signal sent by the exciter on the predetermined frequency band exists. When the passive tag monitors the signal, the passive tag will decide whether to perform a random access process based on the p value. If a random access process is performed, the passive tag transmits a fixed size of data to the receiver. The data contains the unique information of the passive tag (such as ID) and positioning information.

[0094] Step S20: At the beginning of each time frame, detect whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame.

[0095] It should be understood that detecting whether there is an idle time slot in a time frame may be performed by detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame through a preset detection model, wherein the preset detection model may be pre-set, for example, the preset detection model may be a neural network model, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0096] Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of idle time slot detection, the step S20 includes: at the beginning of each time frame, performing energy detection or signal characteristic analysis on the time frame by sending a perception signal; and detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame based on the energy detection result or the signal characteristic analysis result.

[0097] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit the present application. As an example, the read / write device uses energy detection or signal feature analysis at the beginning of each time frame to determine whether there is an idle time slot in the frame. In energy detection, if the signal strength received within a specified period of time after the start of the time frame is lower than a preset threshold value, the time slot is deemed idle; in signal feature analysis, if the read / write device fails to identify specific features of the data signal transmitted by the tag, such as a specific modulation method or signal prefix, the time slot is deemed idle.

[0098] Step S30: If there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by a passive tag is received, confirmation information and a command signal are sent to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received.

[0099] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit the present application. As an example, when a time slot is confirmed to be idle through a short perception process, and data sent by a passive tag has been received before, the reader / writer device will quickly switch its transceiver state and send confirmation information (ACK) and command signals in sequence during the time interval of the remaining idle time slots. ACK informs the passive tag whether the data of the passive tag has been successfully captured, and is composed of bitmap information accumulated from several previous time slots, where 1 represents successful reception and 0 represents collision or idleness. At the same time, taking into account the possibility that the confirmation information packet may be lost, the number of time slots involved is pre-set, corresponding to the bitmap size of the confirmation information. The command signal sends a command signal containing the updated access probability p' and the number of unrecognized tags.

[0100] Each passive tag records the time slot number occupied by its own data transmission, and queries the corresponding position in the bitmap according to the time slot number in the received confirmation information to obtain its own access result. If the tag receives the correct confirmation signal ACK, it means that its data transmission is successful, and the random access process is stopped; if a negative or wrong ACK is received, it means that its data transmission has failed. The tag checks the access probability p' and performs random access in a p' continuous manner, that is, the tag will randomly select a time frame with the newly updated probability p' to send data to the read-write device.

[0101] Step S40: after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, uploading the data of all passive tags to the management platform, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0102] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 3 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a frame of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application. Figure 3In the example, it is assumed that there are four passive tags (i.e., tag 1, tag 2, tag 3, and tag 4), and four time frames (i.e., Frame 1, Frame 2, Frame 3, and Frame 4). At the beginning of Frame 1, a sensing signal (i.e., S sensing) is sent to detect whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. There is an idle time slot in Frame 1, and data sent by tags 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been received before. The data sent by tag 2 has been successfully received. The data sent by tags 1, 3, and 4 conflict with the data sent by tag 2, and the data sent by tags 1, 3, and 4 have not been successfully received. Then the reader / writer sends an ACK and a command signal to tag 2. The ACK sent to tag 2 is 1, which is used to inform tag 2 that the data has been successfully received. After receiving the ACK, tag 2 stops the random access process; the read-write device sends ACK and command signals to tags 1, 3 and 4, and the ACK sent to tags 1, 3 and 4 is 0, which is used to inform tags 1, 3 and 4 that the data has not been successfully received. After receiving the ACK, tags 1, 3 and 4 randomly select a time frame with the updated access probability p' according to the updated access probability p' in the command signal to send data to the read-write device. For example, the time frame reselected by tags 1, 3 and 4 is Frame 2. At the beginning of Frame2, a sensing signal (i.e., S sensing) is sent to detect whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. If there is an idle time slot in Frame2, and data sent by tags 1, 3, and 4 have been received before, the data sent by tag 1 has been successfully received, and the data sent by tags 3 and 4 conflict with the data sent by tag 1, so the data sent by tags 3 and 4 are not successfully received. Then the reader sends an ACK and a command signal to tag 1, where the ACK sent to tag 1 is 1, which is used to inform tag 1 that the data has been successfully received. After receiving the ACK, tag 1 After K, the random access process stops; the read-write device sends ACK and command signals to tag 3 and tag 4. The ACK sent to tag 3 and tag 4 is 0, which is used to inform tag 3 and tag 4 that the data has not been successfully received. After receiving ACK, tag 3 and tag 4 perform random access in a p' continuous manner according to the updated access probability p' in the command signal, that is, tag 3 and tag 4 will randomly select a time frame with the updated access probability p' to send data to the read-write device, such as the time frame reselected by tag 3 is Frame3, and the time frame reselected by tag 4 is Frame4. Then, the same operation is performed on Frame3 and Frame4 to obtain the data of all passive tags. Finally, when the read-write device receives the data of all tags, it sends the last ACK response to complete the random access process.

[0103] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 4 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the idle time slot of an embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application. Figure 4 In the example, assume that the idle time slot interval is T slot , the sensing time interval is T sens , the propagation time is T prop , the switching time from receiving to sending is T sw The actual time for sending the confirmation signal ACK and the command signal is T tx , then evaluate the actual time T that takes effect in the idle time slot tx The utilization rate is η:

[0104]

[0105] According to the experimental reference value, T slot Generally, it is 1ms. For example, the distance between the reader and the tag is 100 meters. prop About 0.33μs, T sens Generally 14μs, T sw Generally, it is 5μs, and T tx The utilization rate η is about 98%, so it is feasible to set the sensing time, forward ACK confirmation information and instruction information in the idle time slot to ensure that the idle time slot is fully utilized.

[0106] The number of tags accessed in the i-th frame is n i (n i >1), the total number of large batch labels is N. In order to maximize the channel throughput, the probability of accessing the i-th frame is Then the first frame n 1 =N, The probability of each time slot in the i-th frame becoming an idle time slot idle, a successful time slot succ, and a conflicting time slot coll is:

[0107]

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] In this embodiment, the length of each frame is from the start of the success or conflict time slot to the first idle time slot, so the number of time slots in each frame can be determined according to the parameter Perform geometric distribution modeling to obtain the average number of time slots s i :

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] Then, the average number of time slots successfully accessed per frame can be obtained The number of time slots and the average number of tags successfully identified by the reading and writing device in the i-th frame Equal, the expression is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Assuming that the probability of successful transmission of an ACK packet is m (m<1), the average probability that the tag successfully receives an ACK packet without error is The number of tags that need to be re-identified in the i+1th frame is the total number of tags in the i-th frame minus the number of tags that successfully access the read / write device and transmit data in the i-th frame and return the correct ACK packet. Therefore, the average number of tags accessed in the i+1th frame is as follows: i} is strictly decreasing, that is, the tag recognition process is effective and all recognition can be achieved in the end:

[0116]

[0117] From the total number of large batches of tags N to the last tag that needs to be identified, the time when all tags are accurately identified is defined as the duration of all time slots T, and its expression is as follows:

[0118]

[0119] Therefore, the normalized channel throughput C can be expressed as:

[0120]

[0121] This embodiment determines whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of the frame. If it is confirmed that there is an idle time slot and data has been received, confirmation information and command signals are sent in sequence in the idle time slot, thereby effectively balancing the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, and making full use of idle time slots to transmit control messages without the need for separate additional time slots, thereby effectively improving the passive tag recognition efficiency and shortening the recognition time of large quantities of tags.

[0122] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 The figure is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application, and the second embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application is proposed.

[0123] In a second embodiment, the passive tag identification method is applied to a passive tag, and the passive tag identification method includes:

[0124] Step S10': upon receiving an excitation signal sent by the read / write device, obtaining the access probability from the excitation signal.

[0125] It is understandable that when the receiver receives the device control instruction sent by the management platform, the receiver will transmit the device control instruction to the exciter. The exciter sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction.

[0126] For ease of understanding, the following examples are given, but the present application is not limited. As an example, when the receiver receives the device control instruction sent by the management platform, the receiver will transmit the device control instruction to the exciter to start a random access procedure. The signal consists of a preamble for synchronization, followed by the time slot duration and access probability p information. p can be initialized to "1 / total number of tags" to maximize the channel throughput. The passive tag periodically checks whether the signal sent by the exciter on the predetermined frequency band exists. When the passive tag monitors the signal, the passive tag will decide whether to perform a random access process based on the p value. If a random access process is performed, the passive tag transmits a fixed size of data to the receiver. The data contains the unique information of the passive tag (such as ID) and positioning information.

[0127] Step S20': randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability, and sending data at the beginning of the time frame.

[0128] It should be understood that when the passive tag receives the excitation signal sent by the reader / writer device, it obtains the access probability from the excitation signal, randomly selects a time frame according to the access probability, and sends data at the beginning of the time frame.

[0129] Step S30': receiving confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the read / write device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame.

[0130] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit the present application. As an example, when a time slot is confirmed to be idle through a short perception process, and data sent by a passive tag has been received before, the reader / writer device will quickly switch its transceiver state and send confirmation information (ACK) and command signals in sequence during the time interval of the remaining idle time slots. ACK informs the passive tag whether the data of the passive tag has been successfully captured, and is composed of bitmap information accumulated from several previous time slots, where 1 represents successful reception and 0 represents collision or idleness. At the same time, taking into account the possibility that the confirmation information packet may be lost, the number of time slots involved is pre-set, corresponding to the bitmap size of the confirmation information. The command signal sends a command signal containing the updated access probability p' and the number of unrecognized tags.

[0131] Each passive tag records the time slot number occupied by its own data transmission, and queries the corresponding position in the bitmap according to the time slot number in the received confirmation information to obtain its own access result. If the tag receives the correct confirmation signal ACK, it means that its data transmission is successful, and the random access process is stopped; if a negative or wrong ACK is received, it means that its data transmission has failed. The tag checks the access probability p' and performs random access in a p' continuous manner, that is, the tag will randomly select a time frame with the newly updated probability p' to send data to the read-write device.

[0132] Step S401': if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, the access probability is updated according to the instruction signal, and the process returns to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received.

[0133] Step S402': If the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received, the random access process is stopped.

[0134] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 3 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a frame of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application. Figure 3In the example, it is assumed that there are four passive tags (i.e., tag 1, tag 2, tag 3, and tag 4), and four time frames (i.e., Frame 1, Frame 2, Frame 3, and Frame 4). At the beginning of Frame 1, a sensing signal (i.e., S sensing) is sent to detect whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. There is an idle time slot in Frame 1, and data sent by tags 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been received before. The data sent by tag 2 has been successfully received. The data sent by tags 1, 3, and 4 conflict with the data sent by tag 2, and the data sent by tags 1, 3, and 4 have not been successfully received. Then the reader / writer sends an ACK and a command signal to tag 2. The ACK sent to tag 2 is 1, which is used to inform tag 2 that the data has been successfully received. After receiving the ACK, tag 2 stops the random access process; the read-write device sends ACK and command signals to tags 1, 3 and 4, and the ACK sent to tags 1, 3 and 4 is 0, which is used to inform tags 1, 3 and 4 that the data has not been successfully received. After receiving the ACK, tags 1, 3 and 4 randomly select a time frame with the updated access probability p' according to the updated access probability p' in the command signal to send data to the read-write device. For example, the time frame reselected by tags 1, 3 and 4 is Frame 2. At the beginning of Frame2, a sensing signal (i.e., S sensing) is sent to detect whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. If there is an idle time slot in Frame2, and data sent by tags 1, 3, and 4 have been received before, the data sent by tag 1 has been successfully received, and the data sent by tags 3 and 4 conflict with the data sent by tag 1, so the data sent by tags 3 and 4 are not successfully received. Then the reader sends an ACK and a command signal to tag 1, where the ACK sent to tag 1 is 1, which is used to inform tag 1 that the data has been successfully received. After receiving the ACK, tag 1 After K, the random access process stops; the read-write device sends ACK and command signals to tag 3 and tag 4. The ACK sent to tag 3 and tag 4 is 0, which is used to inform tag 3 and tag 4 that the data has not been successfully received. After receiving ACK, tag 3 and tag 4 perform random access in a p' continuous manner according to the updated access probability p' in the command signal, that is, tag 3 and tag 4 will randomly select a time frame with the updated access probability p' to send data to the read-write device, such as the time frame reselected by tag 3 is Frame3, and the time frame reselected by tag 4 is Frame4. Then, the same operation is performed on Frame3 and Frame4 to obtain the data of all passive tags. Finally, when the read-write device receives the data of all tags, it sends the last ACK response to complete the random access process.

[0135] In this embodiment, the passive tag receiving reading and writing device receives confirmation information and command signals from data feedback in the idle time slot of the time frame. The receiving device determines whether there is an idle time slot in the frame at the beginning of each time frame. If it is confirmed that there is an idle time slot and the data has been received, the confirmation information and command signals are sent in sequence in the idle time slot, thereby effectively balancing the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, making full use of idle time slots to transmit control messages without the need for separate additional time slots, thereby effectively improving the passive tag recognition efficiency and shortening the recognition time of large quantities of tags.

[0136] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 The third embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application is provided as a flowchart of the third embodiment of the passive tag identification method of the present application.

[0137] In a third embodiment, the passive tag identification method is applied to a management platform, and the passive tag identification method further includes:

[0138] Step S10": when the service is started, a device control instruction is sent to the read-write device, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame.

[0139] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the passive tag identification system may include a management platform, a read-write device and a passive tag, and the read-write device may include a receiver and an exciter. Among them, the management platform is responsible for starting various business processing processes, the management platform implements unified coordination of the receiver, and is responsible for analyzing and presenting data. The role of the receiver is to send various operating instructions to the exciter, such as instructions for selecting and counting tags, and to manage and control these excitation devices, and optimize resource access between multiple excitation devices. The exciter transmits the instructions received from the receiver to the passive tag, and provides energy to the passive tag to achieve activation. Once the passive tag is activated, the passive tag will transmit its own data through backscattering, and the receiver will capture and upload these data, thereby completing the reading process of the passive tag storage information.

[0140] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 2 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an embodiment of a passive tag identification method of the present application. Figure 2In the example, assuming that the passive tag is an RFID tag, the management platform first starts the business process, schedules the receiver to send instructions, and uses a deep learning algorithm to estimate the total number of tags in the system; then, at the beginning of each time frame, the receiver senses the time slot status and determines whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame. If it is determined that there is an idle time slot and the data sent by the passive tag has been received before, the receiver will immediately send confirmation information (such as ACK (Acknowledge Character) signal) and signaling signal to the exciter in the corresponding idle time slot, and transmit the radio frequency to the tags in the same range. Then, a large number of tags interpret their own access results (i.e., whether the data is successfully received) based on the received confirmation information, and decide whether to continue the random access process based on the new access probability when the data is not successfully received; finally, once the data of all tags is successfully received by the receiver and uploaded to the platform, the last confirmation information will be sent to end the whole process.

[0141] It should be understood that when the service is started, sending the device control instruction to the read-write device may be estimating the total number of passive tags when the service is started; generating the device control instruction based on the estimated total number of passive tags, and sending the device control instruction to the read-write device, wherein the total number of passive tags is estimated based on a preset algorithm, wherein the preset algorithm may be pre-set, for example, the preset algorithm may include a deep learning algorithm, a machine learning algorithm or a statistical method, etc., and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0142] Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of the total number of tags estimated, in this embodiment, a deep learning algorithm is used to estimate the total number of passive tags. The step S10" includes: when the service is turned on, a deep learning algorithm is used to estimate the total number of passive tags; a device control instruction is generated according to the estimated total number of passive tags, and the device control instruction is sent to the read-write device, so that the read-write device calculates the access probability according to the total number of passive tags, generates an excitation signal according to the access probability, and sends the excitation signal to the passive tag.

[0143] It should be understood that when the service is started, using a deep learning algorithm to estimate the total number of passive tags may include obtaining the environmental energy characteristics or signal strength information of the passive Internet of Things system when the service is started; and estimating the total number of the passive tags through a deep learning algorithm based on the environmental energy characteristics or the signal strength information.

[0144] For ease of understanding, the following examples are given, but are not intended to limit the present application. As an example, at the beginning of a service, using a deep learning algorithm to estimate the total number of tags in the entire passive IoT system may include the following steps:

[0145] In the training phase, a passive IoT scenario containing 10,000 tags is pre-set, and then the number of tags from 1 to 10,000 is divided into data sets in a step-by-step manner. The collected data is cleaned and standardized, and then the received environmental energy characteristics (radio frequency signals, light, heat, etc.) are learned based on these tag data, and they are respectively input into a classification neural network (such as One Class SVM (Support Vector Machine)) for iterative training, and the hyperparameters are continuously adjusted to obtain the best performance, so that the neural network can judge and accumulate the total number of tags in the system according to different environmental energy characteristics or signal strengths. In the testing phase, a passive IoT system is randomly entered, and all the collected tag features are input into a classification neural network, and the final result is directly output through SVM. The performance and generalization ability of the model are judged based on the result. Finally, the trained model is deployed to the actual passive IoT system, and real-time monitoring and tag quantity estimation functions are implemented.

[0146] Step S20": receiving data of all passive tags uploaded by the read / write device, and identifying passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0147] It should be understood that the passive tag transmits data of a fixed size to the receiver, and the data includes the unique information (such as ID) and positioning information of the passive tag. The receiver uploads the unique information (such as ID) and positioning information of the passive tag to the management platform, and the management platform can identify the passive tag based on the unique information of the passive tag.

[0148] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 7 This invention is provided for illustration, but is not intended to limit the present application. Figure 7 This is a specific flow chart of an embodiment of the passive tag identification method of this application. Figure 7 In the passive tag identification method, the passive tag identification method comprises the following steps:

[0149] 1. When the business is started, the management platform sends device control instructions to the read-write device;

[0150] 2. When the reading and writing device receives the device control instruction sent by the management platform, it sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction;

[0151] 3. When the passive tag receives the excitation signal sent by the reader / writer, it obtains the access probability from the excitation signal;

[0152] 4. Randomly select a time frame based on the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame:

[0153] 5. At the beginning of each time frame, the reading and writing device detects whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame;

[0154] 6. If there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by a passive tag is received, confirmation information and command signals are sent to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot;

[0155] 7. The passive tag receives the confirmation information and command signal from the reading and writing device according to the data feedback in the idle time slot of the time frame;

[0156] 8. If the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, the access probability is updated according to the command signal, and the process returns to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending the data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received;

[0157] 9. If the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received, the random access process is stopped;

[0158] 10. After successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, the reading and writing device uploads the data of all passive tags to the management platform;

[0159] 11. The management platform receives the data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing devices and identifies the passive tags based on the data of all passive tags.

[0160] When the service is started, the management platform of this embodiment sends a device control instruction to the read-write device, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame. The receiving device determines whether there is an idle time slot in the frame at the beginning of each time frame. If it is confirmed that there is an idle time slot and the data has been received, confirmation information and instruction signals are sent in sequence in the idle time slot, thereby effectively balancing the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, and making full use of idle time slots to transmit control messages without the need for separate additional time slots, thereby effectively improving the recognition efficiency of passive tags and shortening the recognition time of large quantities of tags.

[0161] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to understand the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the passive tag identification method of the present application. More simple transformations based on this technical concept are all within the protection scope of the present application.

[0162] This application also provides a passive tag identification device, please refer to Figure 8 , the passive tag identification device is used for a reading and writing device, and the passive tag identification device comprises:

[0163] The tag excitation module 10 is used to send an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame;

[0164] A time slot detection module 20, configured to detect whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of the time frame;

[0165] An information sending module 30, for sending confirmation information and a command signal to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot if there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received;

[0166] The data uploading module 40 is used to upload the data of all passive tags to the management platform after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0167] In one embodiment, the tag excitation module 10 is also used to obtain the total number of passive tags from the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform; calculate the access probability according to the total number of passive tags, and generate an excitation signal according to the access probability, and send the excitation signal to the passive tag.

[0168] In one embodiment, the time slot detection module 20 is also used to perform energy detection or signal feature analysis on the time frame by sending a perception signal at the beginning of each time frame; and detect whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame based on the energy detection result or the signal feature analysis result.

[0169] This application also provides a passive tag identification device, please refer to Fig. 9 , the passive tag identification device is used for a passive tag, and the passive tag identification device comprises:

[0170] The probability acquisition module 10' is used to acquire the access probability from the excitation signal when receiving the excitation signal sent by the reading and writing device;

[0171] The time frame selection module 20' is used to randomly select a time frame according to the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame:

[0172] An information receiving module 30' is used to receive confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the reading and writing device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame;

[0173] a data retransmission module 40', configured to update the access probability according to the instruction signal if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, and return to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received;

[0174] The stop sending module 50' is used to stop the random access process if the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received.

[0175] This application also provides a passive tag identification device, please refer to Fig.10 , the passive tag identification device is used for the management platform, and the passive tag identification device includes:

[0176] The instruction sending module 10" is used to send a device control instruction to the read-write device when the service is turned on, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame;

[0177] The data receiving module 20" is used to receive the data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device and identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0178] In one embodiment, the instruction sending module 10" is further used to estimate the total number of passive tags using a deep learning algorithm when the service is started; generate a device control instruction according to the estimated total number of passive tags, and send the device control instruction to the read-write device, so that the read-write device calculates the access probability according to the total number of passive tags, generates an excitation signal according to the access probability, and sends the excitation signal to the passive tag.

[0179] In one embodiment, the instruction sending module 10" is further used to obtain environmental energy characteristics or signal strength information of the passive Internet of Things system when the service is turned on; and estimate the total number of the passive tags through a deep learning algorithm based on the environmental energy characteristics or the signal strength information.

[0180] The passive tag identification device provided by the present application adopts the passive tag identification method in the above embodiment, which can solve the technical problem that the related passive tag identification method cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, thereby resulting in low passive tag identification efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification device provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification method provided by the above embodiment, and other technical features in the passive tag identification device are the same as the features disclosed in the above embodiment method, which will not be repeated here.

[0181] Reference Fig.11 , Fig.11 The passive tag identification system of the present invention is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment. The passive tag identification system includes: a management platform 110, a reading and writing device 120 and a passive tag 130;

[0182] The management platform 110 is used to send device control instructions to the read-write device when the service is started;

[0183] The reading and writing device 120 is used to send an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform;

[0184] The passive tag 130 is used to obtain the access probability from the excitation signal when receiving the excitation signal sent by the reading and writing device;

[0185] The passive tag 130 is further configured to randomly select a time frame according to the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame:

[0186] The read / write device 120 is further configured to detect whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of each time frame;

[0187] The read / write device 120 is further configured to send confirmation information and command signals to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot if there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received;

[0188] The passive tag 130 is also used to receive confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the reading and writing device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame;

[0189] The passive tag 130 is further configured to update the access probability according to the instruction signal if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, and return to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received;

[0190] The passive tag 130 is further configured to stop the random access process if the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received;

[0191] The reading and writing device 120 is also used to upload the data of all passive tags to the management platform after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags;

[0192] The management platform 110 is further configured to receive data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device and identify passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

[0193] The passive tag identification system provided by the present application adopts the passive tag identification method in the above embodiment, which can solve the technical problem that the related passive tag identification method cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, thereby resulting in low efficiency of passive tag identification. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification system provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification method provided by the above embodiment, and other technical features of the passive tag identification system are the same as the features disclosed in the above embodiment method, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] The present application provides a passive tag identification device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the passive tag identification method in the above-mentioned embodiment one.

[0195] Reference below Fig.12 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a passive tag identification device suitable for implementing the embodiment of the present application. The passive tag identification device in the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptop computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Descriptions), PMPs (Portable Media Players), vehicle-mounted terminals (such as vehicle-mounted navigation terminals), etc., and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, etc. Fig.12 The passive tag identification device shown is merely an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.

[0196] like Fig.12As shown, the passive tag identification device may include a processing device 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 to a RAM (Random Access Memory) 1004. Various programs and data required for the operation of the passive tag identification device are also stored in the RAM 1004. The processing device 1001, the ROM 1002, and the RAM 1004 are connected to each other via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to the I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, a touch screen, a touchpad, a keyboard, a mouse, an image sensor, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and communication devices 1009. The communication device 1009 can allow the passive tag identification device to communicate wirelessly or wired with other devices to exchange data. Although the passive tag identification device with various systems is shown in the figure, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all the systems shown. More or fewer systems may be implemented or have instead.

[0197] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments disclosed in the present application include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication device, or installed from a storage device 1003, or installed from a ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 1001, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiment disclosed in the present application are executed.

[0198] The passive tag identification device provided by the present application adopts the passive tag identification method in the above embodiment, which can solve the technical problem that the related passive tag identification method cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, thereby resulting in low efficiency of passive tag identification. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification device provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification method provided by the above embodiment, and other technical features in the passive tag identification device are the same as the features disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0199] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0200] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0201] The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (ie, computer programs) stored thereon, and the computer-readable program instructions are used to execute the passive tag identification method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0202] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the present application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, systems or devices, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) or flash memory, optical fiber, CD-ROM (CD-Read Only Memory, portable compact disk read-only memory), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, system or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0203] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the passive tag identification device; or may exist independently without being assembled into the passive tag identification device.

[0204] The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the passive tag identification device, the passive tag identification device executes the passive tag identification method in the above embodiment.

[0205] The computer program code for performing the operation of the present application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on the remote computer, or completely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a LAN (Local Area Network) or a WAN (Wide Area Network), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0206] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0207] The modules involved in the embodiments described in this application may be implemented by software or hardware, wherein the name of the module does not constitute a limitation on the unit itself in some cases.

[0208] The readable storage medium provided by the present application is a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., computer programs) for executing the above-mentioned passive tag identification method, and can solve the technical problem that the related passive tag identification method cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, thereby resulting in low passive tag identification efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0209] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the passive tag identification method as described above when executed by a processor.

[0210] The computer program product provided by the present application can solve the technical problem that the related passive tag identification method cannot effectively balance the allocation of conflicting time slots and idle time slots, thereby resulting in low passive tag identification efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the passive tag identification method provided by the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0211] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A passive tag identification method, characterized in that: The passive tag identification method is applied to a reading and writing device, and the passive tag identification method includes: Upon receiving a device control instruction sent by the management platform, sending an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame; At the beginning of each time frame, detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame; If there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by a passive tag is received, then in the idle time slot, confirmation information and a command signal are sent to the passive tag in sequence, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received; After successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, the data of all passive tags are uploaded to the management platform, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

2. The passive tag identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, sending an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction includes: When receiving a device control instruction sent by the management platform, obtaining the total number of passive tags from the device control instruction; An access probability is calculated according to the total number of passive tags, an excitation signal is generated according to the access probability, and the excitation signal is sent to the passive tags.

3. The passive tag identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the beginning of each time frame, detecting whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame comprises: At the beginning of each time frame, energy detection or signal feature analysis is performed on the time frame by sending a sensing signal; Whether there is an idle time slot in the time frame is detected according to the energy detection result or the signal characteristic analysis result.

4. A passive tag identification method, characterized in that: The passive tag identification method is applied to a passive tag, and the passive tag identification method includes: When receiving an excitation signal sent by a read / write device, obtaining an access probability from the excitation signal; A time frame is randomly selected according to the access probability, and data is sent at the beginning of the time frame: receiving confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the read / write device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame; If the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, the access probability is updated according to the instruction signal, and the process returns to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received; If the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received, the random access process is stopped.

5. A passive tag identification method, characterized in that: The passive tag identification method is applied to a management platform, and the passive tag identification method includes: When the service is started, a device control instruction is sent to the read-write device, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame; The data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device are received, and the passive tags are identified according to the data of all passive tags.

6. The passive tag identification method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the service is started, the device control instruction is sent to the read-write device, including: When the service is turned on, a deep learning algorithm is used to estimate the total number of passive tags; Generate a device control instruction based on the estimated total number of passive tags, and send the device control instruction to the read-write device, so that the read-write device calculates the access probability based on the total number of passive tags, generates an excitation signal based on the access probability, and sends the excitation signal to the passive tag.

7. The passive tag identification method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the service is started, a deep learning algorithm is used to estimate the total number of passive tags, including When the service is started, the environmental energy characteristics or signal strength information of the passive IoT system is obtained; The total number of the passive tags is estimated based on the environmental energy characteristics or the signal strength information through a deep learning algorithm.

8. A passive tag identification device, characterized in that: The passive tag identification device is used for a reading and writing device, and the passive tag identification device comprises: A tag excitation module is used to send an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame; A time slot detection module, used for detecting whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of the time frame; An information sending module, configured to send confirmation information and a command signal to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot if there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received, wherein the confirmation information is used to indicate whether the data has been successfully received, and the command signal is used to assist the passive tag to resend the data when the data has not been successfully received; The data uploading module is used to upload the data of all passive tags to the management platform after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags, so that the management platform can identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

9. A passive tag identification device, characterized in that: The passive tag identification device is used for a passive tag, and the passive tag identification device comprises: A probability acquisition module, configured to acquire the access probability from the excitation signal when receiving the excitation signal sent by the read / write device; A time frame selection module is used to randomly select a time frame according to the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame: An information receiving module, used for receiving confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the reading and writing device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame; a data retransmission module, configured to update the access probability according to the instruction signal if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, and return to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received; The sending stop module is used to stop the random access process if the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received.

10. A passive tag identification device, characterized in that: The passive tag identification device is used for the management platform, and the passive tag identification device includes: An instruction sending module is used to send a device control instruction to the read-write device when the service is started, so that the read-write device sends an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction, so that the passive tag randomly selects a time frame according to the excitation signal and sends data at the beginning of the time frame; The data receiving module is used to receive the data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device, and identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

11. A passive tag identification system, characterized in that: The passive tag identification system includes: a management platform, a reading and writing device and a passive tag: The management platform is used to send device control instructions to the read-write device when the service is started; The reading and writing device is used to send an excitation signal to the passive tag according to the device control instruction when receiving the device control instruction sent by the management platform; The passive tag is used to obtain the access probability from the excitation signal when receiving the excitation signal sent by the reading and writing device; The passive tag is further used to randomly select a time frame according to the access probability and send data at the beginning of the time frame: The read / write device is further used to detect whether there is an idle time slot in each time frame at the beginning of each time frame; The read / write device is further configured to send confirmation information and instruction signals to the passive tag in sequence in the idle time slot if there is an idle time slot and data transmitted by the passive tag is received; The passive tag is further used to receive confirmation information and instruction signals fed back by the reading and writing device according to the data in the idle time slot of the time frame; The passive tag is further configured to update the access probability according to the instruction signal if the confirmation information indicates that the data has not been successfully received, and return to the step of randomly selecting a time frame according to the access probability and sending data at the beginning of the time frame until the data has been successfully received; The passive tag is further configured to stop the random access process if the confirmation information indicates that the data has been successfully received; The reading and writing device is also used to upload the data of all passive tags to the management platform after successfully receiving the data of all passive tags; The management platform is also used to receive the data of all passive tags uploaded by the reading and writing device and identify the passive tags according to the data of all passive tags.

12. A passive tag identification device, characterized in that: The passive tag identification device includes: a memory, a processor, and a passive tag identification program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the passive tag identification program is executed by the processor, the passive tag identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, claim 4, or any one of claims 5 to 7 is implemented.

13. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a passive tag identification program, and when the passive tag identification program is executed by the processor, the passive tag identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, claim 4, or any one of claims 5 to 7 is implemented.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a passive tag identification program, and when the passive tag identification program is executed by a processor, the passive tag identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, claim 4, or any one of claims 5 to 7 is implemented.

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