Antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem of mutual coupling between radiators in the antenna. The antenna provided by the invention comprises a first radiation assembly and a second radiation body, the working frequency band of the first radiation assembly is larger than that of the second radiation body; the first radiation assembly can comprise a first radiator and a first guide sheet; the resonant frequency of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 0.4 F0 and less than or equal to 0.6 F0; the first guide sheet is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and coupled with the first radiator, and the resonant frequency of the first guide sheet is larger than or equal to 0.4 FL and smaller than or equal to 0.6 FL; f0 is the center frequency of the first radiation assembly, and FL is the lowest working frequency of the first radiation assembly. According to the antenna provided by the invention, the lowest working frequency point of the first radiation assembly can be realized through the first guide sheet, and the adverse effect on the working performance of the second radiation body due to the coupling between the first radiation body and the second radiation body can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the industry's demand for antenna system capacity is also increasing. In order to improve the data transmission rate and channel capacity of the antenna system, a large number of radiators are deployed in the antenna. In actual applications, multiple radiators in the antenna will be arranged in a relatively dense layout, and the operating frequency bands of some radiators will also be different, which is easy to cause interference between radiators in different frequency bands. For example, a high-frequency antenna will couple with a low-frequency antenna, which will reduce the antenna's signal transmission performance and coverage capabilities. Therefore, how to reduce interference between radiators has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an antenna and a communication device with better working performance.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna that may include a first radiating component and a second radiator. The operating frequency band of the first radiating component is greater than the operating frequency band of the second radiator. The first radiating component may include a first radiator and a first guide plate. The resonant frequency of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0; the first guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled to the first radiator, and the resonant frequency of the first guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F0. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L ; Where F0 is the center frequency of the first radiating component, F L In the antenna provided in the present application, the first guide plate can realize the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component, which can effectively reduce the adverse effect on the working performance of the second radiator caused by the coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0005] In one example, the first radiation component may further include a second guide plate. The second guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled to the first radiator. The resonant frequency of the second guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F. H , and less than or equal to 0.6F H , F H The second guide plate can be provided to achieve the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component, which is beneficial to improving the bandwidth of the first radiation component.

[0006] In a specific configuration, the first radiator has a radiating surface, the aperture of the radiating surface may be greater than or equal to 0.25λ0*0.25λ0 and less than or equal to 0.35λ0*0.35λ0, and the height dimension of the radiator along the radiating direction may be less than or equal to 0.2λ L ; λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space, λ L The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space. The above-mentioned structural setting enables the resonant frequency of the first radiator to be near the center frequency of the first radiation component, thereby ensuring the radiation performance of the first radiation component.

[0007] In a specific configuration, the radiation surface may have a vertical arm extending perpendicular to the radiation surface, and the length of the vertical arm is 0.05λ0; λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space. By providing the vertical arm, the aperture size of the radiation surface can be further reduced, and the size of the first radiator in the direction parallel to the radiation surface can be reduced, so as to facilitate the arrangement of more first radiators in the antenna.

[0008] In one example, the first radiator may have a first polarized radiation arm and a second polarized radiation arm arranged orthogonally. The first guide plate may have a gap, the gap is arranged corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm or the second polarized radiation arm, and the length of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.15λ H , and less than or equal to 0.25λ H ,λ H The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space. The gap can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiation component in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component.

[0009] In one example, the second director may include a rectangular substrate and a plurality of rectangular sheets, wherein the rectangular substrate has a first panel surface, and the plurality of rectangular sheets are distributed on the first panel surface. The ratio of the width dimension to the length dimension of the rectangular substrate is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1. In summary, the rectangular substrate adopts an asymmetric structure, which can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiation component in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component.

[0010] In a specific configuration, the size of each rectangular piece may be 0.06λ0*0.045λ0. λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space.

[0011] In addition, a plurality of rectangular sheets may be asymmetrically distributed on the first panel, which can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiation component in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component.

[0012] In one example, the second guide plate further has a plurality of decoupling strips, and the plurality of decoupling strips are all located on the first plate surface and arranged along the edge of the first plate surface. Among the plurality of decoupling strips, the ratio of the shortest decoupling strip to the longest decoupling strip is greater than or equal to 0.7 and less than 1. By setting decoupling strips of different lengths, the isolation of the first radiation component in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component.

[0013] In a specific configuration, the multiple decoupling strips may include a decoupling strip with a length of 0.2λ0 and a decoupling strip with a length of 0.25λ0.

[0014] In one example, the antenna may also include a reflector and a balun structure. The reflector has a reflective surface and a back surface facing away from the reflective surface, the first radiation component and the second radiator are both located on the reflective surface, and the back surface of the reflector has a feeding cavity; the balun structure includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate. The first feeding plate has a first section and a second section, and the angle between the first section and the second section is 45° in a direction parallel to the reflective surface; the second feeding plate has a third section and a fourth section, and the angle between the third section and the fourth section is 45° in a direction parallel to the reflective surface. The first section is orthogonally arranged to the third section, and the second section is mirror-symmetrically arranged to the fourth section. Among them, the first section and the second section are connected to the feeding of the first radiation component, and the end of the third section and the end of the fourth section extend into the feeding cavity.

[0015] In one example, the antenna may further include a feeding network, the feeding network being located in the feeding cavity. The feeding network has a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe. The end of the third section has a first arc-shaped arm, the outer arc surface of the first arc-shaped arm abuts against the first feeding probe, and the end of the fourth end has a second arc-shaped arm, the outer arc surface of the second arc-shaped arm abuts against the second feeding probe.

[0016] On the second aspect, the present application also provides a communication device, including a radio frequency processing unit and the above-mentioned antenna, wherein the antenna has a feeding network, a radio frequency processing unit and a feeding network. The feeding network is used to send a feeding signal to the radiating component, or the wireless signal received by the radiating component can be transmitted to the feeding network through a coupling structure and a balun structure. The radio frequency processing unit can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna. In the communication device provided in the present application, by applying the above-mentioned antenna, the manufacturing cost and the material use cost can be effectively reduced, and it has better signal transmission performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a first radiator of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a first director of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a balun structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a side structure of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a second director of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.14 A data graph showing a radiation gain of a certain polarization of a second radiator as a function of frequency provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.15 A data graph showing a radiation gain of another polarization of a second radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application changing with frequency;

[0032] Fig.16 A directional diagram of a second radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.17 Another directional diagram of a second radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.18 Another directional diagram of a second radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.19 A structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radars to realize wireless communication functions.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the application scenario may include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station can be located in a base station subsystem (base bastion subsystem, BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTSterrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved terrestrial radio access network (evolveduniversal terrestrial radio access, E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage for wireless signals to achieve communication between terminal equipment and a wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) or a (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, or a node B (NodeB, NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or an evolutionary node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station may also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a g-node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new wireless (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, in a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application, a base station antenna feed system is included. In practical applications, the base station antenna feed system mainly includes an antenna 01, a feeder 02, and a grounding device 03. Antenna 01 is generally fixed on a pole 04, and the downtilt angle of antenna 01 can be adjusted by an antenna adjustment bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of antenna 01 to a certain extent.

[0040] In addition, the base station may further include a radio frequency processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the radio frequency processing unit 06 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 01, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 20, or the radio frequency processing unit 06 may be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal sent by the baseband processing unit 20 into a wireless signal through the antenna 01 after up-conversion and amplification processing. The baseband processing unit 20 may be connected to the feeding network of the antenna 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 06 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 may be integrally provided with the antenna 01, and the baseband processing unit 20 is located at the far end of the antenna 01, and the RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 may be connected via a feeder 02. In another embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 may be located at the far end of the antenna 01 at the same time.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 01 used in the base station may also include an antenna cover 011, a reflector 012 and a feed network 013 located in the antenna cover 011, wherein the reflector 012 may also be referred to as a bottom plate. The main function of the feed network 013 is to feed the signal to the radiation component 014 according to a certain amplitude and phase, or to send the wireless signal received by the radiation component 014 to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station according to a certain amplitude and phase. It is understandable that, in a specific implementation, the feed network 013 may include at least one of a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network or a filter, and the present application does not limit the components, types and functions that can be achieved of the feed network 013.

[0043] Of course, the above-mentioned antenna 01 can also be applied to various other types of communication devices, and the present application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna 01.

[0044] Regarding the radome 011, in terms of electrical performance, the radome 011 has good electromagnetic wave penetration, so that it will not affect the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the radiation component 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the radome 011 has good stress resistance and anti-oxidation properties, so that it can withstand the erosion of the harsh external environment.

[0045] The radiation component 014 may include one or more radiation bodies, which may also be called oscillators. The radiation body or oscillator is a unit constituting the basic structure of the radiation component 014, and it can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. When the radiation component 014 includes multiple radiation bodies, the multiple radiation bodies can be used in an array. In specific applications, the radiation component can be divided into single-polarization and dual-polarization types. In specific configuration, the type of the radiation component can be reasonably selected according to actual needs.

[0046] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) has also been widely used. As one of the key technologies of 5G communication system, large-scale multiple-in-multiple-out (MIMO) technology can effectively improve the channel capacity. In the context of large-scale multiple-in-multiple-out technology, a large number of radiators need to be arranged in the antenna. Moreover, under the premise of miniaturization design, the distance between the vibrators is generally small, which makes it easy for different radiators to couple. For example, when the antenna includes a first radiator and a second radiator working in different frequency bands, and the working frequency band of the first radiator is greater than the working frequency band of the second radiator. When the second radiator is working, it will induce an induction signal of the working frequency band of the second radiator on the first radiator. The secondary radiation of the induction signal on the first radiator will interfere with the electromagnetic wave generated by the second radiator, thus causing signal distortion, poor pattern integrity and other undesirable conditions. Therefore, reducing the coupling between radiators is crucial to the design of large-scale array antennas.

[0047] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna with better working performance.

[0048] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] like Figure 4As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the antenna 10 may include a first radiation component 11 and a second radiator 12. The operating frequency band of the first radiation component 11 is greater than the operating frequency band of the second radiator 12. The first radiation component 11 includes a first radiator 111 and a first guide plate 112, and the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0. The first guide plate 112 is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator 111 and is coupled to the first radiator 111. The resonant frequency of the first guide plate 112 is greater than or equal to 0.4F0. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L The first radiator 111 is coupled to the first guide plate 112, so that the first radiator 111 can excite the first guide plate 112 to radiate electromagnetic waves. Wherein, F0 is the center frequency of the first radiating component 11, F L is the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation element 11.

[0050] It should be noted that the center frequency F0 of the first radiation component 11 refers to the center point between the lowest frequency and the highest frequency in the working frequency band of the first radiation component 11. L To F H , the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 is F L , the maximum operating frequency is F H , the center frequency F0 is (F L +F H ) / 2. For example, the operating frequency band of the first radiation component 11 may be 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz, and the center frequency of the first radiation component 11 is 2.2 GHz.

[0051] In the antenna 10 provided in the present application, the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 can be achieved through the first guide plate 112, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects on the working performance of the second radiator 12 caused by the coupling between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12.

[0052] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the specific situation between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12 when the first radiating component 11 includes only the first radiator 111 is first described below.

[0053] In the case where the first guide plate 112 is not provided, the first radiator 111 alone realizes the radiation function of the first radiating component 11. The working frequency band of the first radiator 111 is the working frequency band of the first radiating component 11. Therefore, in order to make the working frequency band of the first radiating component 11 F L To F H , then the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 should be at the lowest frequency point FL For example, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 may be greater than or equal to 0.4F. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L . Among them, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is related to its DC path, and the DC path is related to the radiation aperture, height and other parameters of the first radiator 111. When the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is smaller, the DC path of the first radiator 111 is longer, and the radiation aperture, height and other parameters of the first radiator 111 are larger. When the second radiator 12 is working, it is easy to induce an induction signal close to the working frequency band of the second radiator 12 on the first radiator 111. The secondary radiation of the induction signal on the first radiator 111 will interfere with the electromagnetic waves generated by the second radiator 12, thereby causing signal distortion, poor directional pattern integrity and other undesirable conditions.

[0054] However, when the DC path of the first radiator 111 is shorter and the parameters such as the radiation aperture and height of the first radiator 111 are larger, the frequency of the induction signal induced on the first radiator 111 when the second radiator 12 is working will be higher. Since the working frequency band of the second radiator 12 is smaller than the working frequency band of the first radiator 111, the frequency of the induction signal is higher than the working frequency band of the second radiator 12, thereby reducing the influence of the induction signal on the second radiator 12.

[0055] Therefore, in the example provided in this application, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is changed from the lowest frequency point F L That is, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 can be increased from greater than or equal to 0.4F to near the center frequency F0. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L The range of F0 is increased to be greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0. L When the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is increased, the frequency of the induced signal induced on the first radiator 111 when the second radiator 12 is working will be higher, thereby ensuring the working performance of the second radiator 12. In addition, when the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 becomes higher, its size will also be reduced, so that more first radiators 111 can be arranged in the antenna 10.

[0056] In addition, when the first guide plate 112 is not provided in the first radiation component 11, when the resonance frequency of the first radiator 111 becomes higher, the lowest operating frequency point in the operating frequency band of the first radiation component 11 will also increase. Therefore, in the example provided in the present application, in order to ensure the lowest operating frequency point of the first radiation component 11, a first guide plate 112 with a lower resonance frequency is configured, and the first guide plate 112 is coupled with the first radiator 111, so that the electromagnetic wave generated by the first radiator 111 can generate an induced current in the first guide plate 112, and the induced current is secondary radiated in the first guide plate 112, so that electromagnetic waves in a lower frequency band can be output, which can effectively ensure the bandwidth performance of the entire first radiation component 11.

[0057] In specific applications, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12 can be dual-polarized, single-polarized, and other types that are currently more commonly used, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, a specific description will be given below by taking the first radiator 111 as a dual-polarization radiator as an example.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the first radiator 111 includes two first polarized radiation arms 1111a and 1111b that are oppositely disposed, and two second polarized radiation arms 1112a and 1112b that are oppositely disposed. The first polarized radiation arms 1111a and 1111b are orthogonally disposed to the second polarized radiation arms 1112a and 1112b.

[0060] The first radiator 111 has a surface facing the radiation direction as a radiating surface. In the specific configuration, in order to make the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 be in the range of greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0, the diameter L1*L2 of the radiating surface can be greater than or equal to 0.25λ0*0.25λ0 and less than or equal to 0.35λ0*0.35λ0, and the height dimension H of the radiator along the radiation direction can be less than or equal to 0.2λ L λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when propagating in space, λ L It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when it propagates in space.

[0061] Of course, in other examples, parameters such as the radiation surface aperture and height dimensions of the first radiator 111 can be reasonably set according to actual conditions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0062] In addition, if Figure 5As shown, in the example provided in the present application, the radiation surface has a vertical arm 1113a and a vertical arm 1113b extending perpendicular to the radiation surface, and the length of each vertical arm is about 0.05λ0. λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when it propagates in space. Among them, the vertical arm 1113a is arranged on the second polarized radiation arm 1112a, and the vertical arm 1113b is arranged on the second polarized radiation arm 1112b. By setting the vertical arm 1113a and the vertical arm 1113b, the aperture size of the radiation surface can be further reduced, and the size of the first radiator 111 in the direction parallel to the radiation surface can be reduced.

[0063] In other examples, the number, position layout, etc. of the vertical arms can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] When the first guide plate 112 is provided, the structure type of the first guide plate 112 can be various.

[0065] For example, Figure 6 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the first guide plate 112 is a metal sheet. In order to make the resonant frequency of the first guide plate 112 greater than or equal to 0.4F L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L The diameter of the radiation surface L3*L4 can be about 0.5λ L *0.45λ L ,λ L It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when it propagates in space.

[0066] Among them, the edge of the first guide plate 112 has protrusions 1121a and protrusions 1121b arranged in opposite directions. By setting the protrusions 1121a and protrusions 1121b, the isolation of the first radiation component 11 in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component 11.

[0067] In addition, if Figure 6 As shown, in the example provided in the present application, the first guide plate 112 further has a slot 1122a and a slot 1122b, and the slot 1122a and the slot 1122b are used to achieve decoupling of different polarization directions of the first guide plate 112.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The slot 1122a is arranged corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm 1111a, and the slot 1122b is arranged corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm 1111b. In the specific arrangement, the length of the slot 1122a and the slot 1122b may be greater than or equal to 0.15λ. H , and less than or equal to 0.25λH ,λ H The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when propagating in space. By setting the slots 1122a and 1122b, the isolation of the first radiation component 11 in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component 11.

[0069] In other examples, the slot 1122a may also be provided corresponding to the second polarized radiation arm 1112a, and the slot 1122b may be provided corresponding to the second polarized radiation arm 1112b.

[0070] In specific settings, the size and shape of the first guide plate 112 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In addition, parameters such as the number, shape and size of the gaps can also be reasonably set and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] In addition, in the specific configuration, in order to achieve effective coupling between the first guide plate 112 and the first radiator 111, the distance between the first radiator 111 and the first guide plate 112 may be less than or equal to 0.1λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when propagating in space.

[0072] The distance between the first guide plate 112 and the first radiator 111 refers to the distance between the first guide plate 112 and the radiation surface of the first radiator 111. In specific applications, the specific distance between the first guide plate 112 and the first radiator 111 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be repeated here.

[0073] In addition, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the antenna 10 further includes a reflector 13 and a balun structure 14. The reflector 13 has a reflective surface 131 and a back surface facing away from the reflective surface 131, the first radiation component 11 and the second radiator 12 are both located on the reflective surface 131, and the back surface of the reflector 13 has a feeding cavity 132. The feeding cavity 132 can provide an effective installation space for a feeding network (not shown in the figure).

[0074] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, in the example provided in the present application, the balun structure 14 includes a first feeding plate 141 and a second feeding plate 142. The first feeding plate 141 has a first section 141a and a second section 141b, and in the direction parallel to the reflection surface 131, the angle between the first section 141a and the second section 141b is 45°. The second feeding plate 142 has a third section 142a and a fourth section 142b, and in the direction parallel to the reflection surface 131, the angle between the third section 142a and the fourth section 142b is 45°. The first section 141a is orthogonally arranged with the third section 142a to facilitate feeding with the radiating arm orthogonally arranged in the first radiator 111. The second section 141b is mirror-symmetrically arranged with the fourth section 142b, and the end of the third section 142a and the end of the fourth section 142b extend into the feeding cavity 132 to facilitate connection with the feeding network in a vertical insertion manner.

[0075] like Fig.10 As shown, specifically, the feeding network 15 is located in the feeding cavity 132, and the feeding network 15 has a first feeding probe 151 and a second feeding probe 152. The end of the third section 142a has a first arc-shaped arm 1411b, and the outer arc surface of the first arc-shaped arm 1411b abuts against the first feeding probe 151, and the end of the fourth section 142b has a second arc-shaped arm 1421b, and the outer arc surface of the second arc-shaped arm 1421b abuts against the second feeding probe 152.

[0076] In addition, if Figure 8 As shown, in order to facilitate the connection between the balun structure 14 and the feeding network 15, the reflecting surface 131 of the reflecting plate 13 has a through hole 133 and a through hole 134 that penetrate into the feeding cavity 132. Among them, the first arc arm 1411b of the first feeding plate 141 can be inserted into the feeding cavity 132 through the through hole 133 and abut against the first feeding probe 151. The second arc arm 1421b of the second feeding plate 142 can be inserted into the feeding cavity 132 through the through hole 134 and abut against the second feeding probe 152.

[0077] In addition, if Fig.11 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the first radiation component 11 may further include a second guide plate 113. The second guide plate 113 is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator 111 and is coupled to the first radiator 111. The resonant frequency of the second guide plate 113 may be near the highest frequency point of the first radiation component 11. For example, the resonant frequency of the second guide plate 113 may be greater than or equal to 0.4F. H , and less than or equal to 0.6F H . F H is the highest operating frequency of the first radiation element 11.

[0078] The second guide plate 113 is provided to achieve the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11, which is beneficial to improving the bandwidth of the first radiation component 11. The second guide plate 113 is coupled with the first radiator 111, so that the electromagnetic wave generated by the first radiator 111 can generate an induced current in the second guide plate 113, and the induced current is secondary radiated in the second guide plate 113, so that electromagnetic waves of a higher frequency band can be output, which can effectively ensure the bandwidth performance of the entire first radiation component 11.

[0079] In specific configuration, the second guide plate 113 may have various structural types.

[0080] For example, Fig.12 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the second guide plate 113 includes a rectangular substrate 1131 and a plurality of rectangular plates 1132 ( Fig.12 16 are shown in FIG. 1 ), the rectangular substrate 1131 has a first plate surface (eg Fig.12 A plurality of rectangular sheets 1132 are distributed on the first surface of the plate.

[0081] In specific settings, the substrate 1131 can be a substrate for preparing a printed circuit board, or a substrate for preparing a flexible circuit board. In practical applications, the specific type of the rectangular substrate 1131 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this. In addition, the rectangular sheet 1132 can be made of a material with good conductivity such as copper or silver. The rectangular sheet 1132 can specifically be a metal plate set on the substrate 1131, or a metal coating directly formed on the substrate 1131.

[0082] In the specific configuration, the ratio of the width dimension L5 to the length dimension L6 of the rectangular substrate 1131 may be greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1. That is, the rectangular substrate 1131 is an asymmetric structure, which can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiation component 11 in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component 11.

[0083] like Fig.12 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the size L7*L8 of each rectangular piece 1132 can be approximately 0.06λ0*0.045λ0. λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when it propagates in space. In addition, the plurality of rectangular pieces 1132 are asymmetrically distributed on the first board surface of the substrate 1131, which can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiation component 11 in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component 11.

[0084] It is understandable that in practical applications, the specific size of the rectangular substrate 1131 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In addition, the number, size, position layout and other parameters of the rectangular pieces 1132 included in the second guide piece 113 can also be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0085] In addition, if Fig.12 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the second guide plate 113 also has four decoupling strips. The four decoupling strips are respectively decoupling strip 1133a, decoupling strip 1133b, decoupling strip 1133c and decoupling strip 1133d. The four decoupling strips are all located on the first board surface and are arranged along the edge of the first board surface. Among the four decoupling strips, the lengths of decoupling strip 1133a and decoupling strip 1133c are substantially the same, the lengths of decoupling strip 1133b and decoupling strip 1133d are substantially the same, and the length of decoupling strip 1133a is less than the length of decoupling strip 1133b. In specific settings, the ratio of decoupling strip 1133a to decoupling strip 1133b can be greater than or equal to 0.7 and less than 1. In summary, by arranging decoupling strips of different lengths in different polarization directions, the isolation of the first radiation component 11 in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component 11.

[0086] In a specific configuration, the length of the decoupling strips 1133a and 1133c may be approximately 0.2λ0, and the length of the decoupling strips 1133b and 1133d may be approximately 0.25λ0, so as to achieve a better decoupling effect.

[0087] It is understandable that in practical applications, parameters such as the number, position and size of the decoupling strips can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.

[0088] In specific configuration, in order to achieve effective coupling between the second guide plate 113 and the first radiator 111, the distance between the first radiator 111 and the second guide plate 113 may be greater than 0.1λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiating component 11 when propagating in space.

[0089] The distance between the second guide plate 113 and the first radiator 111 refers to the distance between the second guide plate 113 and the radiation surface of the first radiator 111. In specific applications, the specific distance between the second guide plate 113 and the first radiator 111 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be repeated here.

[0090] like Fig.13As shown, when the antenna 10 is specifically configured, the antenna 10 may include a plurality of first radiation components 11 and second radiators 12. Each first radiation component 11 may include a first radiator 111, a first guide plate 112, and a third guide plate 113. In addition, the antenna 10 may further include an antenna cover 16, a reflector 13 and a feed network 15 located in the antenna cover 16, and the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12 may be connected to the feed network 15 through corresponding balun structures, respectively.

[0091] In practical applications, the number and position layout of the first radiator components 11 and the second radiator 12 included in the antenna 10 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0092] In addition, if Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a data diagram of the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 changing with frequency under different conditions. Among them, the second radiator 12 is a dual-polarization type, Fig.14 It shows a data graph of the radiation gain varying with frequency in one polarization direction of the second radiator 12 . Fig.15 It shows a data graph of the radiation gain varying with frequency in another polarization direction of the second radiator 12 .

[0093] Fig.14 and Fig.15 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency in MHz, and the vertical axis represents radiation gain in dBi. In addition, S1 and S4 respectively represent data curves of how the radiation gain of a single second radiator 12 in different polarization directions varies with frequency. S2 and S5 respectively represent data curves of how the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 in different polarization directions varies with frequency after a conventional first radiator is set. S3 and S6 respectively represent data curves of how the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 in different polarization directions varies with frequency after the first radiating component 11 provided in an embodiment of the present application is set.

[0094] By comparison, it can be found that after a conventional first radiator is arranged near the second radiator 12, the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 will be significantly reduced. After the first radiating component 11 provided in the embodiment of the present application is arranged, the influence of the first radiating component 11 (or the first radiator 111) on the second radiator 12 can be significantly reduced, so that the second radiator 12 has a better radiation gain.

[0095] In addition, if Figures 16 to 18 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides the directional diagram of the second radiator 12 in different situations.

[0096] exist Fig.16In FIG. 1 , the directional pattern of the second radiator 12 is shown. It can be seen that the directional pattern at this time is relatively convergent and smooth.

[0097] exist Fig.17 , the directional pattern of the second radiator 12 after a conventional first radiator is arranged near the second radiator 12 is shown. It can be seen that the shape of the directional pattern is obviously distorted at this time.

[0098] exist Fig.18 , the directional pattern of the second radiator 12 after the first radiating component 11 provided in the embodiment of the present application is arranged near the second radiator 12. It can be seen that the directional pattern shape at this time is relatively convergent and smooth, which is similar to Fig.16 The shapes of the middle directional diagrams are relatively similar.

[0099] In application, the more convergent and smoother the shape of the radiation pattern of the second radiator 12 is, the better the working performance of the second radiator 12 is. Therefore, by applying the first radiation component 11 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the working performance of the second radiator 12 can be effectively guaranteed.

[0100] In practical applications, the antenna 10 can be used in various types of communication devices.

[0101] For example, Fig.19 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 30, including any of the above-mentioned antennas 10. The communication device may also include a radio frequency processing unit 31 and a baseband processing unit 32. The baseband processing unit 32 may be connected to the feed network 15 of the antenna 10 through the radio frequency processing unit 31. The radio frequency processing unit 31 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 10, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 32, or the radio frequency processing unit 31 may be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal emitted by the baseband processing unit 32 into a wireless signal through the antenna 10 after up-conversion and amplification processing and send it out. In practical applications, the specific type of the communication device 30 is not limited in this application. In addition, the type and quantity of the components included in the communication device 30 may be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0102] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or provided for in any logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the different embodiments are consistent and may be referenced to each other, and the technical features in the different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0103] In this application, "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0104] It is understood that the various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first radiation component and a second radiator, wherein the working frequency band of the first radiation component is greater than the working frequency band of the second radiator, and the first radiation component comprises: A first radiator, wherein the resonant frequency of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0; A first guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled with the first radiator. The resonance frequency of the first guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L ; Wherein, F0 is the center frequency of the first radiation component, and F L is the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first radiation component also includes a second guide plate; The second guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled to the first radiator. The resonant frequency of the second guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F. H , and less than or equal to 0.6F H ; The F H is the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first radiator has a radiating surface, the diameter of the radiating surface is greater than or equal to 0.25λ0*0.25λ0 and less than or equal to 0.35λ0*0.35λ0, and the height of the radiator along the radiating direction is less than or equal to 0.2λ L ; The λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiation component when it propagates in space, and the λ L It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component when it propagates in space.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation surface has a vertical arm extending perpendicular to the radiation surface, and the length of the vertical arm is 0.05λ0; The λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first radiator has a first polarized radiation arm and a second polarized radiation arm arranged orthogonally; The first guide plate has a gap, and the gap is arranged corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm or the second polarized radiation arm; The length of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.15λ H , and less than or equal to 0.25λ H , the λ H It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component when it propagates in space.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The second guide plate includes a rectangular substrate and a plurality of rectangular plates, wherein the rectangular substrate has a first plate surface, and the plurality of rectangular plates are distributed on the first plate surface; Wherein, the ratio of the width dimension to the length dimension of the rectangular substrate is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The size of each rectangular piece is 0.06λ0*0.045λ0; The λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space.

8. The antenna according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The plurality of rectangular sheets are distributed asymmetrically on the first plate surface.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The second guide plate also has a plurality of decoupling strips, and the plurality of decoupling strips are all located on the first plate surface and are arranged along the edge of the first plate surface; Among the multiple decoupling strips, a ratio of the shortest decoupling strip to the longest decoupling strip is greater than or equal to 0.7 and less than 1.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of decoupling strips include a decoupling strip having a length of 0.2λ0 and a decoupling strip having a length of 0.25λ0.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a reflector and a balun structure; The reflector has a reflective surface and a back surface away from the reflective surface, the first radiation component and the second radiator are both located on the reflective surface, and the back surface of the reflector has a feeding cavity; The balun structure includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate; The first feeding plate has a first section and a second section, and in a direction parallel to the reflecting surface, an angle between the first section and the second section is 45°; The second feeding plate has a third section and a fourth section, and in a direction parallel to the reflecting surface, an angle between the third section and the fourth section is 45°; The first section is arranged orthogonally to the third section, and the second section is arranged mirror-symmetrically to the fourth section; The first section and the second section are connected to the first radiation component for feeding, and an end of the third section and an end of the fourth section extend into the feeding cavity.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that The antenna further comprises a feeding network, wherein the feeding network is located in the feeding cavity; The feeding network has a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe; The end of the third section has a first arc-shaped arm, the outer arc surface of which abuts against the first feeding probe, and the end of the fourth end has a second arc-shaped arm, the outer arc surface of which abuts against the second feeding probe.

13. A communication device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a radio frequency processing unit and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the radio frequency processing unit is connected to a feeding network in the antenna.

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