Multi-stage coordination control method and system for distributed photovoltaic power generation area

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage coordination control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area, and particularly relates to the technical field of coordination control. Data transmission time information, electromagnetic interference information and error calibration information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each subinterval are acquired; respectively obtaining a data transmission delay coefficient, an electromagnetic interference coefficient and a false calibration coefficient, obtaining a feedback error abnormal coefficient of each subinterval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, the electromagnetic interference coefficient and the false calibration coefficient, and comparing the feedback error abnormal coefficient with a preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold value; and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result, so that the photovoltaic power generation unit data fed back to the system can be judged, whether the fed-back photovoltaic power generation unit data is wrong or not is judged, and corresponding measures are taken in time, so that the system does not make wrong response, and the system safety is improved. And the influence on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation unit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coordinated control technology, and in particular to a multi-level coordinated control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area. Background Art

[0002] In the multi-level coordinated control system of distributed photovoltaic power generation areas, photovoltaic power generation units are the basic components or subsystems that constitute the entire photovoltaic power generation system. Each photovoltaic power generation unit is usually composed of photovoltaic modules (panels), inverters, controllers, and related sensors and other equipment. These units can operate independently and generate electricity under local environmental conditions. At the same time, they can also work together with other photovoltaic power generation units at a higher level to participate in the power scheduling and management of the entire power generation area. In the application scenario of distributed photovoltaic power generation areas, since multiple photovoltaic power generation units are distributed in different locations, and the operating conditions and environmental factors of the system (such as sunshine, temperature, etc.) have dynamic changing characteristics.

[0003] In the existing multi-level coordinated control system of distributed photovoltaic power generation areas, each photovoltaic power generation unit is equipped with environmental monitoring equipment (such as light intensity, temperature, and humidity sensors) and operating status sensors (such as voltage, current, and power sensors) to monitor the operating status of the photovoltaic power generation unit and external environmental changes in real time. The system coordinates and controls multiple photovoltaic power generation units based on the operating status and external environmental change information fed back by the monitoring equipment and sensors. Therefore, it is generally assumed that the fed back operating status and external environmental change information are accurate; however, if the fed back operating status and external environmental change information are incorrect, it may cause the system to respond incorrectly, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem and to propose a multi-level coordinated control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, a multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area is first proposed, the method comprising: The time period from the moment when the multi-level coordinated control system controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to the current moment is obtained and used as the target time interval. The target time interval is divided according to the preset window to obtain several sub-intervals. Obtaining data transmission time information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtaining a data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information; Obtain electromagnetic interference information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtain electromagnetic interference coefficient according to the electromagnetic interference information; Obtain miscalibration information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtain a miscalibration coefficient according to the miscalibration information; According to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in each sub-interval, a feedback error anomaly coefficient of the sub-interval is obtained; The feedback error abnormal coefficient is compared with a preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result.

[0006] Optionally, obtaining a data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information includes: Obtain the time when the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors start collecting data each time and the time when the control center receives the data in each sub-interval; calculate the data transmission time, and the formula is:

[0007] In the formula, is the data transmission time, This is when monitoring equipment and sensors start collecting data. is the moment when the control center receives the data; The formula for calculating data transmission delay is:

[0008] In the formula, is the data transmission delay, is the expected data transmission delay; Calculate the mean value of data transmission delay in each sub-interval using the following formula:

[0009] In the formula, is the mean data transmission delay, is the data transmission delay of the i-th monitoring device and sensor, where =1, 2, 3, 4, ..., , is a positive integer; Calculate the standard deviation of data transmission delay in each sub-interval using the following formula:

[0010] In the formula, is the standard deviation of data transmission delay; the data transmission delay coefficient is calculated using the formula: ,in is the data transmission delay coefficient.

[0011] Optionally, obtaining an electromagnetic interference coefficient according to the electromagnetic interference information includes: Obtain the electromagnetic interference signals around the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors at different times in each sub-interval, pre-process them, obtain effective electromagnetic interference signals, and mark them as ,in, =1, 2, 3, 4, ..., , is a positive integer, Indicates the number of effective electromagnetic interference signals; use Wavelet analysis of effective electromagnetic interference signals at different times within T time , perform wavelet transformation, the formula is:

[0012] In the formula, are the wavelet coefficients, and are scale parameters and translation parameters, which are used to control the scaling and translation of the wavelet function; Using wavelet coefficients Calculate the electromagnetic interference coefficient at different times within the time T , the calculation formula is: ,in, Represents the energy of wavelet coefficients; The electromagnetic interference index at different times in each sub-interval Add them together to get the electromagnetic interference index, and the calculation formula is: , where is the electromagnetic interference coefficient.

[0013] Optionally, obtaining the miscalibration coefficient according to the miscalibration information includes: The test values ​​and output values ​​of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors at different times in each sub-interval are calibrated as and , j represents the number of the test value and output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and the sensor at different times, j=1, 2, 3, 4, ..., m, m is a positive integer; Calculate the miscalibration coefficient, the calculation expression is: .

[0014] Optionally, obtaining the feedback error anomaly coefficient of each sub-interval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, the electromagnetic interference coefficient and the miscalibration coefficient in the sub-interval includes: In the formula, is the feedback error anomaly coefficient, , and are the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient respectively. are preset proportional coefficients for data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient, respectively, and Are both greater than 0.

[0015] Optionally, the feedback error abnormal coefficient is compared with a preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result, as follows: If the feedback error abnormal coefficient is not less than the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, an alarm signal is issued and the photovoltaic power generation unit is immediately controlled to stop working; If the feedback error abnormal coefficient is less than the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, no alarm signal is issued, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled to continue working.

[0016] In a second aspect of the present invention, a multi-level coordinated control system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area is proposed, the system comprising: Interval division module: obtains the time period from the moment when the multi-level coordinated control system controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to the current moment, and uses it as the target time interval. The target time interval is divided according to the preset window to obtain several sub-intervals; Transmission delay module: obtains the data transmission time information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information; Electromagnetic interference module: obtains the electromagnetic interference information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the electromagnetic interference coefficient based on the electromagnetic interference information; Miscalibration module: obtains miscalibration information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains miscalibration coefficients based on the miscalibration information; Feedback output module: obtains the feedback error anomaly coefficient of each sub-interval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in the sub-interval; Control module: compare the feedback error abnormal coefficient with the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and control the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the comparison result.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention proposes a multi-level coordinated control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area. By acquiring the data transmission time information, electromagnetic interference information, and miscalibration information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient, and miscalibration coefficient are respectively obtained, and the feedback error abnormality coefficient of each sub-interval is obtained according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient, and miscalibration coefficient. The feedback error abnormality coefficient is compared with a preset feedback error abnormality coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result. In this way, the photovoltaic power generation unit data fed back to the system can be judged to determine whether the fedback photovoltaic power generation unit data is erroneous, and corresponding measures can be taken in time to prevent the system from making an erroneous response and reduce the impact on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area; Figure 2 The framework diagram of a multi-level coordinated control system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of a multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps: The time period from the moment when the multi-level coordinated control system controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to the current moment is obtained and used as the target time interval. The target time interval is divided according to the preset window to obtain several sub-intervals. Obtaining data transmission time information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtaining a data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information; Obtain electromagnetic interference information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtain electromagnetic interference coefficient according to the electromagnetic interference information; Obtain miscalibration information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtain a miscalibration coefficient according to the miscalibration information; According to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in each sub-interval, a feedback error anomaly coefficient of the sub-interval is obtained; The feedback error abnormal coefficient is compared with a preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result.

[0023] It should be noted that the preset window is set by professionals according to actual conditions and will not be limited or elaborated on in detail.

[0024] Based on a multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area provided in an embodiment of the present invention, through the above-mentioned method, it is possible to judge the photovoltaic power generation unit data fed back to the system, judge whether the fed-back photovoltaic power generation unit data is incorrect, and take corresponding measures in time, so that the system will not make an erroneous response, thereby reducing the impact on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation unit.

[0025] In one embodiment, obtaining the data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information includes: Obtain the time when the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors start collecting data each time and the time when the control center receives the data in each sub-interval; calculate the data transmission time, and the formula is:

[0026] In the formula, is the data transmission time, This is when monitoring equipment and sensors start collecting data. is the moment when the control center receives the data; The formula for calculating data transmission delay is:

[0027] In the formula, is the data transmission delay, is the expected data transmission delay; Calculate the mean value of data transmission delay in each sub-interval using the following formula:

[0028] In the formula, is the mean data transmission delay, is the data transmission delay of the i-th monitoring device and sensor, where =1, 2, 3, 4, ..., , is a positive integer; Calculate the standard deviation of data transmission delay in each sub-interval using the following formula:

[0029] In the formula, is the standard deviation of data transmission delay; the data transmission delay coefficient is calculated using the formula: ,in is the data transmission delay coefficient.

[0030] It should be noted that the data transmission delay coefficient refers to the degree of delay in the transmission of data collected from the monitoring equipment (such as sensors) of the photovoltaic power generation unit to the system control center or processing unit. It reflects the delay or lag in the transmission of data between different components in the photovoltaic system. This delay may affect the efficiency and accuracy of real-time control decisions and may cause the photovoltaic power generation unit to respond incorrectly, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency. The reasons are: Delays cause real-time control lags: Photovoltaic power generation units rely on real-time environmental monitoring data (such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, etc.) and operating status data (such as voltage, current, power, etc.) to adjust power generation parameters or execute control instructions. If there is a delay in data transmission, the data received by the system will lag behind what actually happened, resulting in the decision-making process being based on outdated information. For example, the light intensity may have changed when the control system receives the data, but the system still makes adjustments based on the old light data, thus missing the best control opportunity.

[0031] Misjudgment of power generation unit status: Due to data transmission delays, the monitored operating status information (such as current, voltage, etc.) may not accurately reflect the actual situation of the current power generation unit. The control system may make incorrect judgments based on delayed status data. For example, the system may mistakenly believe that the power output of a photovoltaic unit is normal, but in fact the power has fluctuated due to environmental changes or equipment failure. This delay may cause the photovoltaic power generation unit to fail to adjust the operating mode or parameters in time, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency.

[0032] Impact on scheduling and coordinated control: In a multi-level coordinated control system, multiple photovoltaic power generation units need to coordinate their work based on real-time feedback data to ensure the optimal operation of the entire system. Data transmission delays may affect the information transfer during the coordination process, resulting in inconsistent operation of each photovoltaic power generation unit. For example, some photovoltaic units may be over-adjusted while other units fail to make corresponding adjustments in time, resulting in uneven power distribution, low power generation efficiency, and even system instability.

[0033] Lag and erroneous response of control decisions: Control systems usually rely on sensor data to adjust the operating state of the PV unit, such as by adjusting inverter parameters, changing power output, or initiating fault protection mechanisms. However, delayed data will cause a lag in control decisions and fail to respond to environmental changes or equipment failures in a timely manner. For example, if the monitored temperature data is delayed, the system may not be able to respond to equipment overheating in a timely manner, resulting in damage to the PV unit or reduced efficiency. Similarly, delayed voltage data may cause the system to fail to detect grid faults in a timely manner, thereby affecting system stability and power output.

[0034] Therefore, ensuring the timeliness of data transmission is crucial to the normal operation of the multi-level coordinated control system in distributed photovoltaic power generation areas.

[0035] In one embodiment, obtaining the electromagnetic interference coefficient according to the electromagnetic interference information includes: Obtain the electromagnetic interference signals around the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors at different times in each sub-interval, pre-process them, obtain effective electromagnetic interference signals, and mark them as ,in, =1, 2, 3, 4, ..., , is a positive integer, Indicates the number of effective electromagnetic interference signals; use Wavelet analysis of effective electromagnetic interference signals at different times within T time , perform wavelet transformation, the formula is:

[0036] In the formula, are the wavelet coefficients, and are scale parameters and translation parameters, which are used to control the scaling and translation of the wavelet function; Using wavelet coefficients Calculate the electromagnetic interference coefficient at different times within the time T , the calculation formula is: ,in, Represents the energy of wavelet coefficients; The electromagnetic interference index at different times in each sub-interval Add them together to get the electromagnetic interference index, and the calculation formula is: , where is the electromagnetic interference coefficient.

[0037] It should be noted that the electromagnetic interference coefficient refers to the degree of influence of the electromagnetic interference around the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors on the equipment performance and data collection accuracy. Electromagnetic interference is an electromagnetic wave generated by external or internal sources. These electromagnetic waves may affect the sensors and monitoring equipment of the photovoltaic system, resulting in data errors or instability, affecting the normal operation of the system. The greater the degree of electromagnetic interference around, the more likely the feedback of the photovoltaic power generation unit data may be incorrect, which may cause the system to make an incorrect response, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency. The reasons are: Impact on data accuracy: Electromagnetic interference can introduce noise or errors into the data collected by sensors and monitoring equipment. For example, the data of sensors such as voltage, current, temperature, and light may be interfered by external electromagnetic waves, resulting in inaccurate readings. The greater the error, the more likely the decision made by the system based on this data will be wrong, thus affecting the optimization of the operation of the photovoltaic unit.

[0038] Misleading control decisions: Coordinated control in PV systems relies on sensor data for real-time adjustments and optimizations, such as adjusting inverter parameters and adjusting power output. If sensor data is affected by electromagnetic interference, the system may make inappropriate adjustments based on erroneous data. For example, the system may mistakenly believe that the power output of a PV unit is lower than the actual value, resulting in unnecessary adjustments or optimizations, which in turn reduces the overall power generation efficiency of the system.

[0039] Impact on fault diagnosis and response: Electromagnetic interference may mask the actual status or fault signal of the photovoltaic unit. For example, if electromagnetic interference prevents the sensor from correctly reading the current or voltage signal, the system may not be able to identify the equipment failure or abnormal condition in time, delaying the response. The failure of the photovoltaic power generation unit may be mistaken for a normal state, which in turn affects the equipment maintenance or shutdown decision and increases the risk of system failure.

[0040] Introducing false signals or false data: Electromagnetic interference may cause sensors or monitoring devices to generate false signals, that is, signals without actual physical changes. For example, electromagnetic interference may cause sensors to mistakenly read fluctuations in certain data, and the system reacts to these false fluctuations, thereby performing unnecessary adjustments. Such false feedback will lead to waste of resources or unnecessary increase in system complexity.

[0041] Therefore, it is very important to ensure the stability of the electromagnetic signals around the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors.

[0042] In one embodiment, obtaining the miscalibration coefficient according to the miscalibration information includes: The test values ​​and output values ​​of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors at different times in each sub-interval are calibrated as and , j represents the number of the test value and output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and the sensor at different times, j=1, 2, 3, 4, ..., m, m is a positive integer; Calculate the miscalibration coefficient, the calculation expression is: .

[0043] It should be noted that the miscalibration coefficient refers to the difference between the output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and its sensors and its actual test value, and is usually used to measure the calibration accuracy of the equipment. Since the output value of the sensors and monitoring equipment in the photovoltaic power generation system may deviate from the actual measured value due to environmental factors, equipment aging, installation errors, etc., it is necessary to quantify this deviation by calculating the miscalibration coefficient. If the miscalibration coefficient is larger, the feedback photovoltaic power generation unit data may be incorrect, which may cause the system to make an incorrect response, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency. The reasons are: Data error accumulation: A large miscalibration coefficient indicates that there is a large gap between the output of the photovoltaic power generation unit sensor and the actual value. This gap means that the data transmitted from the monitoring device is inaccurate, causing the control system to make decisions based on incorrect information. For example, if the data such as voltage, current or temperature reported by the sensor is inaccurate, the control system will rely on the wrong data for power regulation or equipment protection, which may cause the output power of the photovoltaic power generation unit to be improperly adjusted, affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the system.

[0044] Failure of real-time control: Photovoltaic power generation systems rely on real-time data to adjust the working status of each component to ensure the optimal working status of each power generation unit. If there is a large deviation in the value output by the sensor (large miscalibration coefficient), the control system may not be able to detect abnormalities in the operation of the equipment in time, resulting in failure to adjust the system in time or making wrong decisions. For example, the system may fail to recognize that the actual temperature is too high, and thus fail to perform necessary protection or adjustment, resulting in damage to the equipment or reduced power generation efficiency.

[0045] System response hysteresis: A large miscalibration coefficient may cause the control system to be less sensitive to external environmental changes (such as changes in light intensity, temperature, humidity, etc.). PV systems need to respond quickly to changing factors such as light and temperature in a dynamic environment to maximize power generation efficiency. If the feedback information is inaccurate or delayed, the system response may be delayed, resulting in failure to adjust the working state of the PV unit in time at a critical moment.

[0046] Fault diagnosis errors: A large miscalibration factor may also affect the accuracy of fault diagnosis. If the sensor's measurement value deviates greatly from the true value, the system may mistakenly diagnose that the device is normal, or falsely report that a device is faulty, resulting in unnecessary maintenance or incorrect repair operations. For example, the system may think that there is a problem with a battery pack, but in fact it is only due to sensor errors.

[0047] Therefore, it is very important to ensure that the PV unit monitoring equipment and sensors are calibrated properly.

[0048] In one embodiment, obtaining the feedback error anomaly coefficient of each sub-interval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in the sub-interval includes: In the formula, is the feedback error anomaly coefficient, , and are the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient respectively. are preset proportional coefficients for data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient, respectively, and Are both greater than 0.

[0049] It should be noted that It is set by professionals according to the actual situation. Generally, The sum of is 1, for example They can be 0.3, 0.3, 0.4 respectively, or other numbers, without specific limitation.

[0050] In one embodiment, the feedback error abnormal coefficient is compared with a preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result, as follows: If the feedback error abnormal coefficient is not less than the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, an alarm signal is issued and the photovoltaic power generation unit is immediately controlled to stop working; If the feedback error abnormal coefficient is less than the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, no alarm signal is issued, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled to continue working.

[0051] In one implementation, the above-mentioned preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold is set by professionals according to actual conditions, and the details are not repeated here.

[0052] The present invention obtains the data transmission time information, electromagnetic interference information, and miscalibration information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient, and miscalibration coefficient respectively, and obtains the feedback error abnormality coefficient of each sub-interval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient, and miscalibration coefficient, and compares the feedback error abnormality coefficient with a preset feedback error abnormality coefficient threshold value, and controls the operating state of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the comparison result. In this way, it is possible to judge the photovoltaic power generation unit data fed back to the system, judge whether the fedback photovoltaic power generation unit data is erroneous, and take corresponding measures in time, so that the system will not make an erroneous response, thereby reducing the impact on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation unit.

[0053] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a multi-level coordinated control system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area. Figure 2 , Figure 2 A framework diagram of a multi-level coordinated control system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: Interval division module: obtains the time period from the moment when the multi-level coordinated control system controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to the current moment, and uses it as the target time interval. The target time interval is divided according to the preset window to obtain several sub-intervals; Transmission delay module: obtains the data transmission time information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information; Electromagnetic interference module: obtains the electromagnetic interference information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the electromagnetic interference coefficient based on the electromagnetic interference information; Miscalibration module: obtains miscalibration information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains miscalibration coefficients based on the miscalibration information; Feedback output module: obtains the feedback error anomaly coefficient of each sub-interval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in the sub-interval; Control module: compare the feedback error abnormal coefficient with the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and control the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the comparison result.

[0054] Based on a multi-level coordinated control system of a distributed photovoltaic power generation area provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation unit data fed back to the system can be judged in the above manner to determine whether the fed-back photovoltaic power generation unit data is incorrect, and corresponding measures can be taken in a timely manner so that the system does not make an erroneous response and reduces the impact on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation unit.

[0055] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The time period from the moment when the multi-level coordinated control system controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to the current moment is obtained and used as the target time interval. The target time interval is divided according to the preset window to obtain several sub-intervals. Obtaining data transmission time information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtaining a data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information; Obtain electromagnetic interference information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtain electromagnetic interference coefficient according to the electromagnetic interference information; Obtain miscalibration information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtain a miscalibration coefficient according to the miscalibration information; According to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in each sub-interval, a feedback error anomaly coefficient of the sub-interval is obtained; The feedback error abnormal coefficient is compared with a preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result.

2. A multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission delay coefficient obtained according to the data transmission time information includes: Obtain the time when the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors start collecting data each time and the time when the control center receives the data in each sub-interval; calculate the data transmission time, and the formula is: In the formula, is the data transmission time, This is when monitoring equipment and sensors start collecting data. is the moment when the control center receives the data; The formula for calculating data transmission delay is: In the formula, is the data transmission delay, is the expected data transmission delay; Calculate the mean value of data transmission delay in each sub-interval using the following formula: In the formula, is the mean data transmission delay, is the data transmission delay of the i-th monitoring device and sensor, where =1, 2, 3, 4, ..., , is a positive integer; Calculate the standard deviation of data transmission delay in each sub-interval using the following formula: In the formula, is the standard deviation of data transmission delay; calculate the data transmission delay coefficient, the calculation formula is ,in is the data transmission delay coefficient.

3. A multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic interference coefficient obtained according to the electromagnetic interference information includes: Obtain the electromagnetic interference signals around the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors at different times in each sub-interval, pre-process them, obtain effective electromagnetic interference signals, and mark them as ,in, =1, 2, 3, 4, ..., , is a positive integer, Indicates the number of effective electromagnetic interference signals; use Wavelet analysis of effective electromagnetic interference signals at different times within T time , perform wavelet transformation, the formula is: In the formula, are the wavelet coefficients, and are scale parameters and translation parameters, which are used to control the scaling and translation of the wavelet function; Using wavelet coefficients Calculate the electromagnetic interference coefficient at different times within the time T , the calculation formula is: ,in, Represents the energy of wavelet coefficients; The electromagnetic interference index at different times in each sub-interval Add them together to get the electromagnetic interference index, and the calculation formula is: , where is the electromagnetic interference coefficient.

4. A multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The miscalibration coefficients obtained according to the miscalibration information include: The test values ​​and output values ​​of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors at different times in each sub-interval are calibrated as and , j represents the number of the test value and output value of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and the sensor at different times, j=1, 2, 3, 4, ..., m, m is a positive integer; Calculate the miscalibration coefficient, the calculation expression is: .

5. The multi-level coordinated control method of a distributed photovoltaic power generation area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback error anomaly coefficient of each sub-interval is obtained according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in the sub-interval, including: In the formula, is the feedback error anomaly coefficient, , and are the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient respectively. are preset proportional coefficients for data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient, respectively, and Are both greater than 0.

6. A multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feedback error abnormal coefficient is compared with the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled according to the comparison result, as follows: If the feedback error abnormal coefficient is not less than the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, an alarm signal is issued and the photovoltaic power generation unit is immediately controlled to stop working; If the feedback error abnormal coefficient is less than the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, no alarm signal is issued, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled to continue working.

7. A multi-level coordinated control system for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area, used to implement a multi-level coordinated control method for a distributed photovoltaic power generation area as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system comprises: Interval division module: obtains the time period from the moment when the multi-level coordinated control system controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to the current moment, and uses it as the target time interval. The target time interval is divided according to the preset window to obtain several sub-intervals; Transmission delay module: obtains the data transmission time information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the data transmission delay coefficient according to the data transmission time information; Electromagnetic interference module: obtains the electromagnetic interference information of the photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains the electromagnetic interference coefficient based on the electromagnetic interference information; Miscalibration module: obtains miscalibration information of photovoltaic power generation unit monitoring equipment and sensors in each sub-interval, and obtains miscalibration coefficients based on the miscalibration information; Feedback output module: obtains the feedback error anomaly coefficient of each sub-interval according to the data transmission delay coefficient, electromagnetic interference coefficient and miscalibration coefficient in the sub-interval; Control module: compare the feedback error abnormal coefficient with the preset feedback error abnormal coefficient threshold, and control the operation state of the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the comparison result.

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