Armature and motor

Abstract

A mover (1) as an armature has teeth (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) having cores (111, 121, 131, 141, 151), an insulating holding member (201), and winding parts (11a, 12a, 13a, 13b, 14a, 15a) in which coils are formed by winding electric wires around the cores (111, 121, 131, 141, 151) from above the insulating holding member (201). The teeth (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) include teeth (11, 12, 14, 15) as first teeth having winding portions (11a, 12a, 14a, 15a) of coil portions of only one phase, and teeth (13) as second teeth having winding portions (13a, 13b) of coil portions of two different phases, and the winding portions (13a, 13b) of the teeth (13) as second teeth are configured from one electric wire and are continuously wound via an intermediate fixing member provided in an insulating holding member (201).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an armature in which electric wires are wound around teeth and an electric motor having the armature. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in a motor having teeth around which electric wires are wound, the following structure is known:

[0003] That is, in order to achieve a balance between the cogging thrust or cogging torque and the magnetomotive force, coils of a plurality of phases are wound around one tooth.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which coils for two different phases are wound around one tooth and the coils for each phase are wound with one electric wire, thereby reducing the number of wiring steps after winding.

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-225035 Summary of the invention

[0006] However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that the number of man-hours required for winding and wiring increases because the electric wire for a coil of one phase is wound before the electric wire for a coil of another different phase is wound.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an armature in which the number of man-hours for winding and the number of man-hours for connecting the wires after winding are reduced.

[0008] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the purpose, the armature involved in the present invention is arranged relative to the excitation through a gap and driven by three-phase AC excitation. The armature has a plurality of teeth, and the teeth have an iron core, an insulating retaining component mounted on the iron core, and a winding portion having a coil formed by winding an insulating sheathed wire around the iron core from above the insulating retaining component. The plurality of teeth include a first tooth having a winding portion having a coil portion of only one phase and a second tooth having a winding portion having a coil portion of two different phases. In the second tooth, the winding portions of the two different phases are composed of a single wire, which is continuously wound via an intermediate fixing component provided on the insulating retaining component.

[0009] Effects of the Invention

[0010] The armature according to the present invention has an effect of being able to reduce the number of man-hours required for winding and the number of man-hours required for connecting the wires after winding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the linear motor according to the first embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the linear motor according to the first embodiment.

[0013] Figure 3 It is a perspective view of a first tooth of the linear motor according to the first embodiment.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the electric motor according to the first embodiment.

[0015] Figure 5 It is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the electric motor according to the first embodiment.

[0016] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the electric motor according to the first embodiment.

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a second tooth of the linear motor according to the first embodiment.

[0018] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to the second embodiment.

[0019] Fig. 9 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to the second embodiment.

[0020] Fig.10 It is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the linear motor according to the second embodiment.

[0021] Fig.11 It is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the linear motor according to the second embodiment.

[0022] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a second tooth of the linear motor according to the second embodiment.

[0023] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to the third embodiment.

[0024] Fig.14 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to the third embodiment.

[0025] Fig.15 It is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the linear motor according to the third embodiment.

[0026] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to a modification of the third embodiment.

[0027] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to a fourth embodiment.

[0028] Fig.18 This is a connection diagram of a linear motor according to a fourth embodiment.

[0029] Fig.19 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Hereinafter, the armature and the motor according to the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0031] Implementation method 1.

[0032] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to Embodiment 1. The linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 includes a movable part 1 as an armature and a fixed part 3 as an excitation that faces the movable part 1 via a gap. The fixed part 3 includes a permanent magnet 31 and a mounting seat 32 for fixing the permanent magnet 31. The movable part 1 includes teeth 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15. The teeth 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 include: iron cores 111, 121, 131, 141, and 151; an insulating holding member 201 having a function of holding and insulating an electric wire; and winding parts 11a, 12a, 13a, 13b, 14a, and 15a, which are formed by winding an electric wire having an insulating coating around the iron cores 111, 121, 131, 141, and 151 and the insulating holding member 201 from above to form a coil.

[0033] Figure 2 1 is a connection diagram of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. Winding portion 11a

[0034] The winding portion 11a and the winding portion 15a constitute the U-phase coil, the winding portion 12a and the winding portion 13b constitute the V-phase coil, and the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 14a constitute the W-phase coil. The winding portion 11a and the winding portion 15a as the U-phase coil, the winding portion 12a and the winding portion 13b as the V-phase coil, and the winding portion 14a and the winding portion 13a as the W-phase coil are respectively connected in series, and the coils of each phase are connected by Y connection via the neutral point. That is, the tooth 13 has winding portions of two different phases, namely, the winding portion 13b as the V-phase coil and the winding portion 13a as the W-phase coil. The winding portions 13a and the winding portions 13b of the two different phases of the tooth 13 are coils directly connected to the neutral point.

[0035] In a general motor driven by three-phase AC excitation having a concentrated winding structure, one winding portion formed by winding an electric wire around a toothed core constitutes a coil of one phase. That is, in a general motor, one tooth has one winding portion. On the other hand, in order to achieve both miniaturization and low thrust pulsation, the linear motor 10 involved in the first embodiment is a structure in which the number of teeth is not a multiple of 3, and the tooth 13 among the teeth 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 has winding portions 13a and 13b of coil portions of two different phases.

[0036] Here, the teeth 11, 12, 14, 15 of the winding parts 11a, 12a, 14a, 15a having only one phase coil part are called first teeth, and the tooth 13 of the winding parts 13a, 13b having two different phase coil parts is called second teeth.

[0037] Figure 3 1 is a perspective view of the first tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. The core 111 is formed by overlapping a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 102. Here, the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104 are members for fixing the electric wire by pulling out and winding it in the winding process, and are both fixed to the insulating holding member 201. The winding start fixing member 103 is used to fix the electric wire at the beginning of winding of the electric wire, and the winding end fixing member 104 is used at the end of winding of the electric wire.

[0038] Here, the formation process of the coil in the first tooth is described by taking the tooth 11 as an example. First, the electric wire is wound on the winding start fixing member 103, and after the winding start portion 301 is formed, the electric wire is wound counterclockwise around the insulating holding member 201 for a predetermined number of turns to form the winding portion 11a that generates magnetic flux in the tooth 11. By forming the winding start portion 301 in advance, the electric wire is prevented from falling off the insulating holding member 201 during the winding process for forming the winding portion 11a. Then, the electric wire is wound on the winding end fixing member 104 provided on the insulating holding member 201 in the same manner as the winding start portion 301, thereby forming the winding end portion 304, and the formation of the coil on the tooth 11 is completed. As described above, the coil of the tooth 11 is composed of only the winding portion 11a of one phase. In addition, in the teeth 12, 14, and 15, which are the same first teeth, the coil is formed by the same process as the tooth 11.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the electric motor according to the first embodiment. Figure 5 and Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the motor according to the first embodiment. In the tooth 13 as the second tooth having the winding parts 13a and 13b of the coil parts of two different phases, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the insulating holding member 201 has: an intermediate fixing member 105; a guide protrusion 202 for making the electric wire run along itself when the winding process of the second phase winding portion 13b described later is carried out; and a winding start groove 701 for determining the position of the electric wire at the start of winding of the winding portion 13b. The core 131 is formed by overlapping a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 102.

[0040] First, an example of the winding process of the first phase is shown. Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , the electric wire is wound around the winding start fixing member 103 to form the winding start portion 301. Then, the electric wire is wound counterclockwise around the insulating holding member 201 with a predetermined number of turns, thereby forming the winding portion 13a of the first phase. In addition, at this stage, the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a is connected to the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a. Figure 4 In contrast, the member 104 is not wound by fixing it at the end of winding, but is in a state of freely moving.

[0041] Next, the winding of the intermediate portion 303 is performed to form the winding portion 13b of the second phase. Figure 6 As shown, the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a is wound on the intermediate fixing member 105 provided between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104, forming a jumper wire 402 connecting the winding portion 13a and the middle portion 303 and the wire wound on the intermediate fixing member 105, that is, the middle portion 303, and the wire is arranged in the winding start groove 701. At this time, the wire is arranged along the guide protrusion 202 provided on the insulating holding member 201 in a manner not to contact the winding start fixing member 103, and a jumper wire 403 connecting the neutral point and the winding start of the winding portion 13b is formed. Then, the wire is wound in the same direction as the winding portion 13a for a predetermined number of times in a manner overlapping on the winding portion 13a to form the winding portion 13b. Finally, the wire is wound on the winding end fixing member 104, and the wire is cut after the winding end portion 304 is formed.

[0042] As described above, the linear motor 10 according to the first embodiment can continuously wind the first-phase winding portion 13a and the second-phase winding portion 13b through a single wire, thereby reducing the winding man-hours. Figure 2 As shown, the windings 13a and 13b are coils directly connected to the neutral point, so the intermediate fixing member 105 can also be set as the neutral point during connection. As a result, the number of end points of the wires constituting the windings 11a, 12a, 13a, 13b, 14a, and 15a of each phase is reduced, and the number of connection steps can be reduced.

[0043] Figure 7Schematic diagram showing the cross section of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. The winding portion 13a of the first phase is wound counterclockwise in such a manner that the winding start wire 501 becomes the winding start and the winding end wire 502 becomes the winding end of the winding portion 13a of the first phase. The winding portion 13b of the second phase is wound in the same winding direction as the winding portion 13a of the first phase in such a manner that the winding start wire 503 becomes the winding start and the winding end wire 504 becomes the winding end.

[0044] Here, since the winding end wire 502 of the winding portion 13a of the first phase is connected to the neutral point, the current flowing in the winding portion 13a is in the direction from the winding start wire 501 of the winding portion 13a to the winding end wire 502 of the winding portion 13a, that is, the direction of the current direction 601. On the other hand, since the winding start wire 503 of the winding portion 13b of the second phase is connected to the neutral point, the current flows in the direction from the winding end wire 504 to the winding start wire 503, that is, the direction of the current direction 602.

[0045] At this time, the contact portion of the winding portion 13a of the first phase and the winding portion 13b of the second phase, that is, the winding end wire 502 of the winding portion 13a and the winding start wire 503 of the winding portion 13b are connected to the neutral point side, so the potential difference between the contact portion of the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 13b caused by the surge voltage generated when the current is excited becomes smaller than the case where the winding end wire 502 of the winding portion 13a and the winding start wire 503 of the winding portion 13b are not connected to the neutral point. The potential difference between the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 13b is relatively reduced, thereby ensuring the interphase insulation performance even if an insulating member such as insulating paper is not provided at the contact portion of the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 13b. Therefore, the interphase insulation can be ensured at the same time without reducing the winding duty ratio.

[0046] Furthermore, in the linear motor 10 according to the first embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the intermediate fixing member 105 is arranged between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104, but it does not necessarily need to be arranged between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104 as long as it is arranged in a state separated by a required insulation distance.

[0047] In the linear motor 10 according to the first embodiment, the winding portions 13a and 13b are each wound counterclockwise, but the same effect can be obtained even if they are each wound clockwise. In addition, the same effect can be obtained even if one of the winding portions 13a and 13b is wound clockwise and the other is wound counterclockwise. That is, in the tooth 13 as the second tooth, the winding portions 13a and 13b of two different phases can be wound on the iron core 131 and the insulating holding member 201 in the same winding direction, or can be wound on the iron core 131 and the insulating holding member 201 in different winding directions.

[0048] In the first embodiment, an example is given in which the field magnet of the stator 3 is four-pole and the movable part 1 as the armature is a six-phase linear motor 10. However, the combination of the phases constituting the magnets and the armature may be any combination as long as it is a combination that appropriately drives the linear motor 10.

[0049] In addition, although the linear motor 10 is taken as an example in the first embodiment, the present invention can also be implemented in a rotating electrical machine in the same manner.

[0050] The linear motor 10 according to the first embodiment can reduce the winding man-hours by continuously winding the first-phase winding portion 13a and the second-phase winding portion 13b, and can reduce the wiring process after winding by providing the intermediate portion 303 between the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 13b.

[0051] Implementation method 2.

[0052] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to Embodiment 2. The connection of the movable part 1A of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 2 is the same as that of the movable part 1 of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1. The tooth 13 is a second tooth having a winding part 13b as a coil of the V phase and a winding part 13a as a coil of the W phase, and is wound in a state where the winding part 13a and the winding part 13b are in contact with each other. When the winding parts 13a and 13b constituting the coils of the two different phases are arranged in the arrangement direction of the movable part 1A and the fixed part 3, the winding part 13a is closer to the core seat part of the tooth 13 than the winding part 13b, so that more magnetic flux passes through, and therefore the W phase having the winding part 13a as a structural element has a higher induced voltage than the V phase having the winding part 13b as a structural element.

[0053] Fig. 9 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to the second embodiment. Fig.10 and Fig.112 is a diagram showing a second tooth manufacturing process of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2. The formation process of the coil of the second tooth will be described from the winding process of the first phase winding portion 13a. Fig.10 As shown, the wire is wound around the winding start fixing member 103 to form the winding start portion 301. Then, the wire is wound counterclockwise around the insulating holding member 201 with a predetermined number of turns, thereby forming the first phase winding portion 13a. At this time, in order to implement the winding of the second phase, a space is provided on the side of the fixing member 3 compared to the winding portion 13a in the arrangement direction of the movable member 1A and the fixing member 3. At this stage, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the wound electric wire 401 of the winding portion 13 a of the first phase is not wound around the winding-end fixing member 104 and is in a freely movable state.

[0054] Next, the winding of the intermediate portion 303 is performed to form the winding portion 13b of the second phase. Fig.11 As shown, the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a is wound around the intermediate fixing member 105 provided between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104 to form the intermediate portion 303, and the wire is arranged in the winding start groove 701. At this time, the wire is wound along the guide protrusion 202 provided on the insulating holding member 201 in a manner that does not contact the winding start fixing member 103. Then, the wire is wound counterclockwise with a preset number of turns, and after the winding portion 13b is formed on the side of the fixed member 3 compared to the winding portion 13a in the arrangement direction of the movable part 1A and the fixed part 3, the wire is wound around the winding end fixing member 104 to form the winding end portion 304. After the winding end portion 304 is formed, the wire is cut, thereby forming Fig. 9 The winding structure of the state shown.

[0055] Fig.12 Schematic diagram showing the cross section of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2. The winding portion 13a of the first phase is wound counterclockwise from the winding start wire 501 to the winding end wire 502. The winding portion 13b of the second phase is also wound counterclockwise from the winding start wire 503 to the winding end wire 504, similarly to the winding portion 13a of the first phase.

[0056] Here, the winding end wire 502 of the winding portion 13a is connected to the neutral point, so the direction of the current flowing in the winding portion 13a is from the winding start wire 501 of the winding portion 13a to the winding end wire 502, that is, the direction of the current direction 601. On the other hand, the winding start wire 503 of the winding portion 13b is connected to the neutral point, so the direction of the current flow is from the winding end wire 504 to the winding start wire 503, that is, the direction of the current direction 602. Therefore, in the linear motor 10 involved in the second embodiment, the winding start wire 501 of the winding portion 13a and the winding end wire 504 of the winding portion 13b can be arranged away from each other, and even if an insulating member such as insulating paper is not provided between the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 13b, insulation failure caused by a sudden surge voltage can be avoided. Therefore, the winding duty ratio can be improved, and the influence of temperature rise caused by copper loss can be reduced for motors of the same specification.

[0057] In linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 2, winding 13 a and winding 13 b are arranged side by side along the arrangement direction of mover 1A and stator 3 . This allows fine adjustment of the induced voltage in each phase, thereby improving the degree of freedom in design.

[0058] Implementation method 3.

[0059] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to Embodiment 3. In the movable part 1B of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 3, the tooth 13 is a second tooth having a winding portion 13b as a V-phase coil and a winding portion 13a as a W-phase coil. The winding portion 13b and the winding portion 13a are wound with an insulating member 71 interposed therebetween.

[0060] Fig.14 It is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to the third embodiment. Fig.15 : is a diagram showing the second tooth manufacturing process of the linear motor involved in the third embodiment. The formation process of the coil of the second tooth is described from the winding process of the winding portion 13a of the first phase. The process from winding the winding portion 13a to arranging the electric wire in the winding start groove 701 is the same as that of the movable part 1A of the linear motor 10 involved in the second embodiment. After arranging the wound electric wire of the winding portion 13a in the winding start groove 701, the insulating member 71 is arranged on the fixed member 3 side of the winding portion 13a in the arrangement direction of the movable part 1B and the fixed member 3, and then the winding portion 13b of the second phase is wound, thereby forming the second tooth. As in the movable part 1B of the linear motor 10 involved in the third embodiment, by arranging the insulating member 71 between the winding portions 13a and 13b constituting the coils of different phases, it is possible to reduce the winding man-hours and improve the insulation resistance performance.

[0061] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to a modification of Embodiment 3. In the movable part 1B of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 3, the winding parts 13a and 13b are arranged in a row along the arrangement direction of the movable part 1B and the stator 3, but the same effect can be obtained even if the winding parts 13a and 13b are arranged in a row in the winding center direction as in the movable part 1C of the linear motor 10 according to the modification of Embodiment 3.

[0062] Implementation method 4.

[0063] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a linear motor according to a fourth embodiment. Fig.18 1 is a wiring diagram of a linear motor according to Embodiment 4. Tooth 12 is a second tooth having a winding portion 12b as a coil of the U phase and a winding portion 12a as a coil of the V phase. Tooth 14 is a second tooth having a winding portion 14b as a coil of the V phase and a winding portion 14a as a coil of the W phase. That is, in the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 4, the armature, i.e., the movable member 1D, has two second teeth. The winding process of the teeth 12 and 14 is the same as that of the tooth 13 of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1.

[0064] Fig.19 1 is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to the fourth embodiment. Figure 4 The teeth 13 according to the illustrated embodiment 1 are the same. After winding of the winding portion 13a is completed, the jumper wire 402 connecting the winding portion 13a and the intermediate portion 303 and the jumper wire 403 connecting the intermediate portion 303 and the winding portion 13b are cut.

[0065] The linear motor 10 involved in embodiment 4 cuts off the jumper wire 402 connecting the winding portion 13a and the middle portion 303 and the jumper wire 403 connecting the middle portion 303 and the winding portion 13b, thereby being able to disconnect the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a and the winding start wire 404 of the winding portion 13b from the intermediate fixing component 105. There is no need to connect the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a and the winding start wire 404 of the winding portion 13b to the neutral point, which can improve the design freedom.

[0066] The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples of the contents, and may be combined with other known technologies. Part of the configurations may be omitted or changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0067] Description of the label

[0068] 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D movable parts, 3 fixed parts, 10 linear motor, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 teeth, 11a, 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 15a winding part, 31 permanent magnet, 32 mounting seat, 71 insulating component, 102 electromagnetic steel plate, 103 winding start fixing component, 104 winding end fixing component, 105 intermediate fixing component, 111, 121, 131, 141, 151 iron core, 201 insulating retaining component, 202 guide protrusion, 301 winding start part, 303 intermediate part, 304 winding end part, 401, 502, 504 winding end wire, 404, 501, 503 winding start wire, 402, 403 jumper wire, 601, 602 current direction, 701 winding start slot.

Claims

1. An armature arranged opposite to an excitation with a gap therebetween and driven by three-phase AC excitation. The armature is characterized in that The tooth has a plurality of teeth, each of which has an iron core, an insulating holding member mounted on the iron core, and a winding portion in which an electric wire having an insulating coating is wound around the iron core from above the insulating holding member to form a coil. The plurality of teeth include a first tooth of the winding portion having a coil portion of only one phase and a second tooth of the winding portion having a coil portion of two different phases. In the second tooth, the winding portions of two different phases are formed of one electric wire and are continuously wound via an intermediate fixing member provided on the insulating holding member.

2. The armature according to claim 1, characterized in that The intermediate fixed part is the electrical neutral point of the wiring arrangement.

3. The armature according to claim 2, characterized in that In the second tooth, the winding portions of two different phases are wound around the core and the insulating holding member in the same winding direction or in winding directions different from each other.

4. The armature according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The winding portions constituting coils of two different phases are wound in an overlapping manner around the core and the insulating holding member.

5. The armature according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The winding portions constituting coils of two different phases are wound around the core and the insulating holding member so as to be aligned along an alignment direction of the armature and the field.

6. The armature according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The winding portions constituting the coils of two different phases are in direct contact with each other.

7. An electric motor, characterized in that: have: Excitation; and An armature as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images