Fresh-keeping equipment and method for hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers by using exogenous melatonin

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of preservation of hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers, particularly relates to a preservation method for hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers by using exogenous melatonin, and provides the following scheme: the preservation method specifically comprises the following steps: picking hippeastrum hippeastrum from a hippeastrum hippeastrum flower nursery base, trimming the hippeastrum hippeastrum, inserting the trimmed hippeastrum hippeastrum into a conical flask filled with different treatment liquids, and timing when petals are opened and stamens are exposed as the first day; when 50% of petals of each flower are withered due to water loss, browning, stem bending or leaf withering and falling phenomena are taken as marks for the end of the vase life, and the time from the beginning to the end of vase is recorded. Different melatonin solutions have different influence effects on the vase life and the maximum flower diameter of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers, the aging process of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers can be delayed by adding melatonin with different concentrations into 8% cane sugar, the maximum flower diameter of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers can also be increased, and the effect is the best by adding 20 [mu] mol / L melatonin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preservation of amaryllis cut flowers, and in particular to equipment and a method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin. Background Art

[0002] Melatonin, also known as melatonin and pinealogen, is an amine hormone secreted by the pineal gland. It has many important functions, including scavenging free radicals, fighting oxidative stress, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. These effects can protect cells from DNA damage, reduce the accumulation of peroxides in the body, and thus protect the integrity of cell structure. Therefore, the presence of melatonin helps to improve the immune function of animals and plants, and can delay the aging process of organisms. Melatonin is widely present in plants and can be used as a growth regulator in plant organisms. It has strong antioxidant properties and the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen, which makes melatonin play an important role in plant response to adversity. Therefore, it has a significant promoting effect on the adaptability and survival ability of plants.

[0003] So far, the research on melatonin in fresh cut flower preservation has mainly focused on plants such as peony, rose, lisianthus, carnation and lily. However, the aging of amaryllis cut flowers is accelerated after leaving the mother plant, the opening time is significantly shortened, and the ornamental quality is seriously affected, which restricts the development of the amaryllis cut flower industry. As a new fungicide ingredient, melatonin has been very popular in recent years in many studies on the preservation effect of melatonin in cut flowers, and it has good application prospects. However, there are no reports on the effect of exogenous melatonin on the preservation effect of amaryllis cut flowers.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a device and method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a device and a method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers with exogenous melatonin, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Pick Amaryllis from the Amaryllis flower garden base, trim it and insert it into a conical bottle filled with different treatment solutions. The first day is counted when the petals open and the stamens are exposed. When 50% of the petals of each flower lose water and wilt, turn brown, bend the stem or the leaves wilt and fall off, it is regarded as the sign of the end of the vase life. The time from the beginning to the end of the vase insertion is recorded;

[0008] S2: Cut the lower end of the selected Amaryllis flower branches into a 45° slope, leaving about 30cm of flower stems. First place the pruned branches in water, and after all pruning is completed, insert them into a conical bottle containing 400mL of different treatment solutions. Seal the bottle mouth with plastic wrap to prevent the evaporation of water in the bottle. The preservative formula used in the experiment: 8% sucrose is used as the basic bottle liquid, and different concentrations of melatonin are added thereto, namely 10, 20, and 40μmol / L, which are T1, T2, and T3 treatments respectively, and the basic bottle liquid without melatonin is used as the control (CK);

[0009] S3: Starting from the day of vase insertion, sampling began at noon every 3 days. Three flowers were randomly selected for each sampling, and the sampling lasted for 15 days in total. After sampling, the flowers were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then placed in a -80℃ refrigerator for future use.

[0010] S4: Analyze the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the vase life of cut Amaryllis flowers:

[0011] Adding different concentrations of melatonin can prolong the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers. The vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the CK control group was 10.60 days; the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T1 and T3 treatment groups was 12.67 days, which was 2.07 days longer than that in the CK control group, but the difference was not significant; the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was 16.00 days, which was 5.40 days longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05);

[0012] S5: Analyze the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0013] Adding different concentrations of melatonin can extend the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers. Among them, the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the CK control group was 14.25cm; the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T1 treatment group was 15.44cm, which was 1.19cm longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was 16.78cm, which was 2.53cm longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was 15.25cm, which was 1.00cm longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05);

[0014] S6: Analysis of the effect of different concentrations of melatonin on the change rate of fresh quality of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0015] With the increase of vase insertion time, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group showed a downward trend. Among them, on the third day of vase insertion, there was no significant difference in the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and that in CK control group; on the sixth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the smallest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1 and T3 treatment groups was large, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the twelfth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1 treatment group was the smallest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the fifteenth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the largest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05);

[0016] S7: Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the water balance of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0017] With the extension of vase time, the water balance values ​​of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were in a downward trend. Among them, on the 3rd and 6th days of vase, the water balance value of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the highest and positive, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05), while T1, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were all negative; on the 9th and 12th days of vase, the water balance values ​​of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were all negative, and the CK control group had the fastest downward trend and the lowest water balance value, while the T2 treatment group had the highest water balance value; on the 15th day of vase, the water balance value of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was -3.9g, which was 1.7g higher than that in CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05);

[0018] S8: Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the chlorophyll content of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0019] The chlorophyll (Chl) content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and the CK control group all showed a downward trend. Among them, on the third day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the sixth day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, and the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the 12th day of vase placement, there was no significant difference in the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups compared with the CK control group; on the 15th day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05);

[0020] S9: Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the anthocyanin content of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0021] The anthocyanin (OPC) content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and the CK control group basically showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Among them, on the third day of vase insertion, the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was the highest, and the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the lowest, both of which were significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the sixth day of vase insertion, the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the CK control group was the highest, which was significantly different from the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase insertion, there was no significant difference in the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups compared with the CK control group; on the 12th and 15th days of vase insertion, the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, and the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the CK control group was the lowest, and the difference between the two was significant (P<0.05).

[0022] Preferably in the present invention: after the flowers bloom during the vase arrangement in step 5, the maximum and minimum diameters of each flower in each group are measured regularly at noon every day using a cross measurement method, and the average value is recorded until the maximum flower diameter is measured.

[0023] In the present invention, preferably: in step 6, a weighing method is used to determine the fresh weight change rate of Amaryllis cut flowers, first weigh the total weight G of (Amaryllis cut flowers + vase liquid + vase), then take out the cut flowers, weigh the weight M of (vase liquid + vase), calculate the fresh weight of the cut flowers by (GM), take the weight of the Amaryllis cut flowers from the first day of vase insertion as the initial fresh weight, and then weigh the fresh weight of the Amaryllis cut flowers every 3 days, according to the formula:

[0024] Fresh weight change rate (%) = (fresh weight on the nth day - initial fresh weight) / initial fresh weight × 100; the fresh weight change rate of Amaryllis cut flowers is obtained.

[0025] Preferably in the present invention: in the step 7, a weighing method is used to determine the water balance value of the Amaryllis cut flower. First, starting from the day when the Amaryllis cut flower is inserted into the vase liquid, a balance is used to weigh the total mass of (fresh mass of the cut flower + vase liquid + vase) as (G0), then the cut flower is taken out, and the mass of (vase liquid + vase) is weighed as (G1); after 24 hours, the sum of the masses of (fresh mass of the cut flower + vase liquid + vase) is measured (Gt), and the cut flower is also taken out, and the mass of (vase liquid + vase) is weighed (G2); the water loss of the flower branch is obtained as (Gt-G0); the water absorption of the flower branch is (G2-G1); therefore, the water balance value=water absorption-water loss.

[0026] Preferably in the present invention: in the step eight, after the amaryllis cut flowers are taken down after the corresponding number of days of vase insertion, they are ground into fine powder in a mortar in liquid nitrogen, 0.100 g to 0.200 g of the sample powder is weighed with a weighing spoon and loaded into a 2.0 mL centrifuge tube, diluted 10 times with 95% ethanol, quickly shaken and allowed to stand in ice for 10 min, centrifuged at 12000 r for 2 min, 100 μL of the supernatant is taken, and its absorbance at 652 nm is measured 2 to 3 times with an enzyme marker, the average value of the absorbance of each group is taken, and the chlorophyll content of the sample, mg / L, is calculated using the formula Ct=D652×1000 / 34.5.

[0027] In the present invention, preferably: in the step 9, after the cut amaryllis flowers are taken out after the corresponding number of days of vase insertion, they are fully ground into fine powder in a mortar in liquid nitrogen, 0.100g to 0.200g of sample powder is weighed with a weighing spoon and placed in a 2.0mL centrifuge tube, 0.1mol / l hydrochloric acid ethanol is added to dilute ten times, and then extracted in a water bath at 32°C for 10min, 300μL of the supernatant is taken after centrifugation, and the OD value is measured 3 times at 530nm with an enzyme marker, and if the result is greater than 1, it is diluted 10 times again for determination, and finally the average value of the absorbance of each group is taken, and the formula is used:

[0028] Anthocyanin content (nmol / g) = ODλ / ε×V / m×1000000 to calculate the anthocyanin content;

[0029] Where ε = 4.62 × 104;

[0030] V: total volume of extract (ml);

[0031] m: sampling mass (g);

[0032] ODλ: optical density of anthocyanin at 530 nm.

[0033] A device used in a method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin comprises:

[0034] For the test of Amaryllis, the flower swords of Amaryllis with upright stems, colorful buds, buds about to bloom, free of diseases and insect pests, and with normal and consistent growth were selected as the test materials;

[0035] The reagents involved mainly include: 8% sucrose, 95% ethanol, 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid ethanol, liquid nitrogen, melatonin, and ultrapure water;

[0036] The main equipment used include: pipette, refrigerator, centrifuge tube, centrifuge, microplate reader, water bath, mortar, tweezers, and weighing spoon.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] Different melatonin solutions have different effects on the vase life and maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers, but all are higher than CK, and T2 has the best effect, which can extend the lifespan by 5 to 6 days and increase the flower diameter by 2.53 cm. This shows that adding different concentrations of melatonin to 8% sucrose can delay the aging process of Amaryllis cut flowers and increase the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers. Adding 20μmol / L melatonin has the best effect.

[0039] The rate of change of fresh weight can also reflect the degree of decay of cut flowers to a certain extent. The trend of the rate of change of fresh weight of cut flowers is generally to rise first and then fall. The later the peak appears, the better the preservation effect is. The longer the vase insertion time is, the greater the downward trend is, and the worst the preservation effect is. The results of this experiment show that as the number of days of vase insertion increases, the rate of change of fresh weight of each treatment group is decreasing, but the T2 treatment group has the smallest downward trend, and on the 15th day, the rate of change of fresh weight of the T2 treatment group is the highest, indicating that the T2 treatment group has the best effect. In addition, the water balance value can also reflect the degree of water absorption of Amaryllis cut flowers. Plants not only lose excess water in their bodies by transpiration, but also absorb water. The test results show that when the result is positive, that is, water absorption> water loss, the metabolic capacity of Amaryllis cut flowers is normal; when water loss> water absorption, the metabolic capacity of Amaryllis cut flowers is reduced. The T2 treatment group is the most significantly affected, not only the decline time is slow, but also the time to reach a negative value is the latest, and the lifespan is the longest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the vase life of amaryllis cut flowers proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the effect of different concentrations of melatonin on the change rate of fresh quality of Amaryllis cut flowers proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the water balance value of Amaryllis cut flowers proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the chlorophyll content of amaryllis cut flowers proposed by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of different concentrations of melatonin on the anthocyanin content of amaryllis cut flowers proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0047] A method for preserving cut amaryllis flowers with exogenous melatonin, wherein amaryllis flowers are picked from an amaryllis flower garden base, pruned and inserted into conical bottles containing different treatment solutions, and the first day is counted from the time when the petals open and the stamens are exposed, and the end of the vase life is marked when 50% of the petals of each flower lose water and wilt, turn brown, bend the stem or the leaves wilt and fall off, and the time from the beginning to the end of the vase life is recorded;

[0048] The lower end of the selected Amaryllis flower branches was cut into a 45° slope, leaving about 30 cm of flower stems. First, place the pruned branches in water, and after all the pruning is completed, insert them into a conical bottle containing 400 mL of different treatment solutions. The bottle mouth is sealed with plastic wrap to prevent the evaporation of water in the bottle. The preservative formula used in the experiment: 8% sucrose is used as the basic bottle liquid, and different concentrations of melatonin are added to it, namely 10, 20, and 40 μmol / L, which are T1, T2, and T3 treatments respectively. The basic bottle liquid without melatonin is used as the control (CK);

[0049] Starting from the day of vase insertion, sampling was started every 3 days at 12 noon. Three flowers were randomly selected for each sampling, and the sampling lasted for 15 days in total. After sampling, the flowers were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then placed in a -80℃ refrigerator for future use.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown in the results, adding different concentrations of melatonin can prolong the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers. Among them, the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the CK control group was 10.60 days; the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T1 and T3 treatment groups was 12.67 days, which was 2.07 days longer than that in the CK control group, but the difference was not significant; the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was 16.00 days, which was 5.40 days longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). The results show that appropriate concentrations of melatonin can effectively delay the aging process of Amaryllis cut flowers, thereby prolonging the vase life.

[0051] Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, adding different concentrations of melatonin can extend the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers. Among them, the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the CK control group was 14.25cm; the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T1 treatment group was 15.44cm, which was 1.19cm longer than the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was 16.78cm, which was 2.53cm longer than the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was 15.25cm, which was 1.00cm longer than the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). The results show that appropriate concentrations of melatonin can effectively increase the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers.

[0053] Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the change rate of fresh quality of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, with the increase of vase time, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group all showed a downward trend. Among them, on the third day of vase, there was no significant difference in the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and that in CK control group; on the sixth day of vase, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the smallest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1 and T3 treatment groups was large, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the 12th day of vase, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1 treatment group was the smallest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the 15th day of vase, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the largest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05). The results showed that appropriate concentrations of melatonin could effectively slow down the rate of decline in the fresh quality of Amaryllis cut flowers.

[0055] Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the water balance of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0056] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that with the extension of vase time, the water balance values ​​of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group are in a downward trend. Among them, on the 3rd and 6th days of vase, the water balance value of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the highest and positive, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05), while T1, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were all negative; on the 9th and 12th days of vase, the water balance values ​​of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were all negative, and the CK control group had the fastest downward trend and the lowest water balance value, while the T2 treatment group had the highest water balance value; on the 15th day of vase, the water balance value of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was -3.9g, which was 1.7g higher than that in CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). The results show that the appropriate concentration of melatonin can maintain the water balance of Hippeastrum cut flowers and help delay the aging process of Hippeastrum cut flowers.

[0057] Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the chlorophyll content of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0058] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the chlorophyll (Chl) content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and the CK control group all showed a downward trend. Among them, on the third day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the sixth day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, and the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the 12th day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups was not significantly different from the CK control group; on the 15th day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05). The results showed that appropriate concentrations of melatonin could delay the degradation of chlorophyll in Amaryllis cut flowers and help extend the opening time of Amaryllis cut flowers.

[0059] Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the anthocyanin content of Amaryllis cut flowers:

[0060] Depend on Figure 6It can be seen that the anthocyanin (OPC) content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and the CK control group basically showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Among them, on the third day of vase placement, the anthocyanin content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the T3 treatment group was the highest, and the anthocyanin content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the T2 treatment group was the lowest, both of which were significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the sixth day of vase placement, the anthocyanin content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the CK control group was the highest, and the difference was significant compared with the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase placement, the anthocyanin content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups was not significantly different from that of the CK control group; on the 12th and 15th days of vase placement, the anthocyanin content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the T2 treatment group was the highest, and the anthocyanin content of the cut flowers of Amaryllis in the CK control group was the lowest, and the difference between the two was significant (P<0.05). The results showed that appropriate concentrations of melatonin can effectively increase the anthocyanin content of Amaryllis cut flowers and help extend the opening time of Amaryllis cut flowers.

[0061] A method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin, and the equipment used comprises:

[0062] For the test of Amaryllis, the flower swords of Amaryllis with upright stems, colorful buds, buds about to bloom, free of diseases and insect pests, and with normal and consistent growth were selected as the test materials;

[0063] The reagents involved mainly include: 8% sucrose, 95% ethanol, 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid ethanol, liquid nitrogen, melatonin, and ultrapure water;

[0064] The main equipment used include: pipette, refrigerator, centrifuge tube, centrifuge, microplate reader, water bath, mortar, tweezers, and weighing spoon.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Pick Amaryllis from the Amaryllis flower garden base, trim it and insert it into a conical bottle filled with different treatment solutions. The first day is counted when the petals open and the stamens are exposed. When 50% of the petals of each flower lose water and wilt, turn brown, bend the stem or the leaves wilt and fall off, it is regarded as the sign of the end of the vase life. The time from the beginning to the end of the vase insertion is recorded; S2: Cut the lower end of the selected Amaryllis flower branches into a 45° slope, leaving about 30cm of flower stems. First place the pruned branches in water, and after all pruning is completed, insert them into a conical bottle containing 400mL of different treatment solutions. Seal the bottle mouth with plastic wrap to prevent the evaporation of water in the bottle. The preservative formula used in the experiment: 8% sucrose is used as the basic bottle liquid, and different concentrations of melatonin are added thereto, namely 10, 20, and 40μmol / L, which are T1, T2, and T3 treatments respectively, and the basic bottle liquid without melatonin is used as the control (CK); S3: Starting from the day of vase insertion, sampling began at noon every 3 days. Three flowers were randomly selected for each sampling, and the sampling lasted for 15 days in total. After sampling, the flowers were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then placed in a -80℃ refrigerator for future use. S4: Analyze the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the vase life of cut Amaryllis flowers: Adding different concentrations of melatonin can prolong the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers. The vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the CK control group was 10.60 days; the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T1 and T3 treatment groups was 12.67 days, which was 2.07 days longer than that in the CK control group, but the difference was not significant; the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was 16.00 days, which was 5.40 days longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); S5: Analyze the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers: Adding different concentrations of melatonin can extend the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers. Among them, the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the CK control group was 14.25cm; the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T1 treatment group was 15.44cm, which was 1.19cm longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was 16.78cm, which was 2.53cm longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); the maximum flower diameter of Amaryllis cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was 15.25cm, which was 1.00cm longer than that in the CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); S6: Analysis of the effect of different concentrations of melatonin on the change rate of fresh quality of Amaryllis cut flowers: With the increase of vase insertion time, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group showed a downward trend. Among them, on the third day of vase insertion, there was no significant difference in the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and that in CK control group; on the sixth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the smallest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1 and T3 treatment groups was large, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the twelfth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1 treatment group was the smallest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); on the fifteenth day of vase insertion, the fresh weight change rate of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the largest, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05); S7: Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the water balance of Amaryllis cut flowers: With the extension of vase time, the water balance values ​​of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were in a downward trend. Among them, on the 3rd and 6th days of vase, the water balance value of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was the highest and positive, which was significantly different from that in CK control group (P<0.05), while T1, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were all negative; on the 9th and 12th days of vase, the water balance values ​​of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and CK control group were all negative, and the CK control group had the fastest downward trend and the lowest water balance value, while the T2 treatment group had the highest water balance value; on the 15th day of vase, the water balance value of Hippeastrum cut flowers in T2 treatment group was -3.9g, which was 1.7g higher than that in CK control group, showing a significant difference (P<0.05); S8: Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the chlorophyll content of Amaryllis cut flowers: The chlorophyll (Chl) content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and the CK control group all showed a downward trend. Among them, on the third day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the sixth day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, and the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the 12th day of vase placement, there was no significant difference in the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups compared with the CK control group; on the 15th day of vase placement, the chlorophyll content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, which was significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); S9: Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the anthocyanin content of Amaryllis cut flowers: The anthocyanin (OPC) content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, T3 treatment groups and the CK control group basically showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Among them, on the third day of vase insertion, the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T3 treatment group was the highest, and the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the lowest, both of which were significantly different from the CK control group (P<0.05); on the sixth day of vase insertion, the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the CK control group was the highest, which was significantly different from the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups (P<0.05); on the ninth day of vase insertion, there was no significant difference in the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T1, T2, and T3 treatment groups compared with the CK control group; on the 12th and 15th days of vase insertion, the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the T2 treatment group was the highest, and the anthocyanin content of Hippeastrum cut flowers in the CK control group was the lowest, and the difference between the two was significant (P<0.05).

2. The method for preserving Hippeastrum cut flowers using exogenous melatonin according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the flowers bloom during the vase arrangement in step 5, the maximum and minimum diameters of each flower in each group are measured at noon every day using a cross measurement method, and the average value is recorded until the maximum flower diameter is measured.

3. The method for preserving Hippeastrum cut flowers using exogenous melatonin according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the weighting method is used to determine the change rate of the fresh weight of the Amaryllis cut flower. First, the total weight G of (Amaryllis cut flower + vase liquid + vase) is weighed, then the cut flower is taken out, and the weight M of (vase liquid + vase) is weighed. The fresh weight of the cut flower is calculated by (GM). The weight of the Amaryllis cut flower from the first day of vase insertion is taken as the initial fresh weight. Thereafter, the fresh weight of the Amaryllis cut flower is weighed every 3 days. The formula: Fresh weight change rate (%) = (fresh weight on the nth day - initial fresh weight) / initial fresh weight × 100; the fresh weight change rate of Amaryllis cut flowers is obtained.

4. The method for preserving Hippeastrum cut flowers using exogenous melatonin according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 7, the water balance value of the Amaryllis cut flower is determined by a weighing method. First, starting from the day when the Amaryllis cut flower is inserted into the vase liquid, the total mass of (fresh mass of the cut flower + vase liquid + vase) is weighed on a balance as (G0), and then the cut flower is taken out, and the mass of (vase liquid + vase) is weighed as (G1); after 24 hours, the sum of the masses of (fresh mass of the cut flower + vase liquid + vase) is measured (Gt), and the cut flower is also taken out, and the mass of (vase liquid + vase) is weighed (G2); the water loss of the flower branch is obtained as (Gt-G0); the water absorption of the flower branch is (G2-G1); therefore, the water balance value=water absorption-water loss.

5. The method for preserving Hippeastrum cut flowers using exogenous melatonin according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step eight, the cut amaryllis flowers are removed from the corresponding vase-inserted days, ground into fine powder using a mortar in liquid nitrogen, 0.100 g to 0.200 g of the sample powder is weighed with a weighing spoon and placed in a 2.0 mL centrifuge tube, diluted 10 times with 95% ethanol, quickly shaken and allowed to stand in ice for 10 min, centrifuged at 12000 r for 2 min, 100 μL of the supernatant is taken, and its absorbance at 652 nm is measured 2 to 3 times with an enzyme marker, the average value of the absorbance of each group is taken, and the chlorophyll content of the sample, mg / L, is calculated using the formula Ct=D652×1000 / 34.

5.

6. The method for preserving Hippeastrum cut flowers using exogenous melatonin according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 9, after the cut Amaryllis flowers are taken out after the corresponding number of days of vase insertion, they are fully ground into fine powder in a mortar in liquid nitrogen, 0.100 g to 0.200 g of sample powder is weighed with a weighing spoon and placed in a 2.0 mL centrifuge tube, 0.1 mol / l hydrochloric acid ethanol is added to dilute ten times, and then extracted in a water bath at 32° C. for 10 min. After centrifugation, 300 μL of the supernatant is taken, and the OD value is measured three times at 530 nm with an enzyme marker. If the result is greater than 1, it is diluted 10 times again for measurement, and finally the average absorbance of each group is taken, and the formula is used: Anthocyanin content (nmol / g) = ODλ / ε×V / m×1000000 to calculate the anthocyanin content; Where ε = 4.62 × 104; V: total volume of extract (ml); m: sampling mass (g); ODλ: optical density of anthocyanin at 530 nm.

7. A device used in a method for preserving amaryllis cut flowers using exogenous melatonin, characterized in that: include: For the test of Amaryllis, the flower swords of Amaryllis with upright stems, colorful buds, buds about to bloom, free of diseases and insect pests, and with normal and consistent growth were selected as the test materials; The reagents involved mainly include: 8% sucrose, 95% ethanol, 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid ethanol, liquid nitrogen, melatonin, and ultrapure water; The main equipment used include: pipette, refrigerator, centrifuge tube, centrifuge, microplate reader, water bath, mortar, tweezers, and weighing spoon.

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