A large slope complex stratum once excavation shield machine modification structure

Abstract

The application discloses a large-gradient complex stratum one-time excavation shield machine reconstruction structure and belongs to the technical field of shield construction, which comprises a cutter head, a front shield, articulated oil cylinders and a middle shield, the cutter head and the middle shield are respectively located on the two sides of the front shield, the cutter head is installed on the front shield, the articulated oil cylinders are circumferentially arranged around the middle shield axis, the articulated oil cylinders close to the top of the middle shield are upper oil cylinders, the articulated oil cylinders close to the bottom of the middle shield are lower oil cylinders, the middle shield is provided with an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises adjusting blocks and an adjusting assembly, the adjusting blocks are correspondingly provided with a plurality of upper oil cylinders, the adjusting assembly is used for driving the adjusting blocks to move along the axis direction of the middle shield, one end of each of the upper oil cylinders is hingedly installed on the adjusting block, and the other end is hingedly installed on the front shield, one end of each of the lower oil cylinders is hingedly installed on the middle shield, and the other end is hingedly installed on the front shield. The application is convenient for guaranteeing the excavation effect of the shield machine in the upper-soft lower-hard stratum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction, and in particular to a modification structure for a TBM capable of single-pass tunneling in complex strata with steep gradients. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of an undersea water intake tunnel using a tunnel boring machine (TBM), since the TBM can only advance forward and cannot retreat, if there is no receiving shaft to receive the TBM, it is necessary to excavate to the designed length in one go within the undersea tunnel, then disassemble, transport, and lift out the internal structure of the TBM, leaving the TBM shell in the seabed soil layer, and then sealing it with a reinforced concrete wall behind the TBM shell.

[0003] The tunneling mechanism of a tunnel boring machine typically includes a cutterhead, articulated cylinders, a front shield, and a middle shield. The cutterhead is mounted on the side of the front shield away from the middle shield. Multiple articulated cylinders are arranged circumferentially around the axis of the middle shield. The cylinder body of each articulated cylinder is installed on the middle shield, and the piston rod is installed on the front shield, so that the angle of the front shield and the cutterhead can be adjusted by driving different articulated cylinders.

[0004] Because the geological layers on the seabed have uneven hardness distribution, mainly consisting of soft upper layers and hard lower layers, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) often experience head-up movements during construction, meaning the cutterhead of the TBM deflects upwards. This makes it difficult to ensure the tunneling effect of the TBM in soft upper layers and hard lower layers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To ensure the tunneling effect of the tunnel boring machine in strata with soft upper and hard lower layers, this application provides a modification structure for a tunnel boring machine that can be tunneled in one go in complex strata with a large slope.

[0006] The technical solution provided in this application for a modified structure of a tunnel boring machine for single-pass tunneling in complex geological conditions with a large slope adopts the following:

[0007] A modified structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) used in a single pass through complex strata with a steep gradient includes a cutterhead, a front shield, articulated cylinders, and a middle shield. The cutterhead and the middle shield are located on opposite sides of the front shield. The cutterhead is mounted on the front shield. Multiple articulated cylinders are arranged circumferentially around the axis of the middle shield. The articulated cylinders near the top of the middle shield are designated as upper cylinders, and the articulated cylinders near the bottom of the middle shield are designated as lower cylinders. The middle shield is equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment block and an adjustment assembly. Multiple adjustment blocks are arranged corresponding to the upper cylinders. The adjustment assembly is used to drive the adjustment blocks to move along the axis of the middle shield. One end of each upper cylinder is hinged to the adjustment block, and the other end is hinged to the front shield. One end of each lower cylinder is hinged to the middle shield, and the other end is hinged to the front shield.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the adjusting component drives the adjusting block to move along the axis of the middle shield, the adjusting block drives the upper hydraulic cylinder to move together. This makes it easier to achieve more precise correction of the cutterhead during tunneling by increasing the stroke of the upper hydraulic cylinder while keeping the pressure of each articulated hydraulic cylinder constant. This makes it less likely for the tunnel boring machine to tilt upwards when drilling through seabed geological layers that are soft on top and hard on the bottom, thus ensuring the tunneling effect of the tunnel boring machine in soft-top-hard-bottom strata.

[0009] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment motor, an adjustment drive rod, and an adjustment connecting rod. The adjustment drive rod is rotatably mounted on the central shield. The adjustment motor drives the adjustment drive rod to rotate around its own axis. One end of the adjustment connecting rod is eccentrically rotatably mounted on the adjustment drive rod, and the other end is rotatably mounted on the adjustment block. The adjustment block slides along the axial direction of the central shield and engages with the central shield.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the adjusting motor drives the adjusting drive rod to rotate, the adjusting connecting rod drives the adjusting block to move along the axis of the central shield. The setting of the adjusting motor makes the movement of the adjusting block along the axis of the central shield convenient and fast.

[0011] Optionally, an adjusting worm is fixedly installed at the output end of the adjusting motor, and an adjusting worm wheel is fixedly installed coaxially on the adjusting drive rod, with the adjusting worm wheel meshing with the adjusting worm.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the self-locking effect between the adjusting worm gear and the adjusting worm helps to fully ensure the stability of the position of the adjusting block after the adjusting linkage drives it to move along the axis of the central shield.

[0013] Optionally, multiple adjusting links and adjusting blocks are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and each adjusting link is eccentrically mounted on the same adjusting drive rod.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to adjust the position of multiple adjustment blocks synchronously by adjusting the rotation of a single adjustment drive rod driven by the motor, thereby further improving the working efficiency of adjusting the position of each upper cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the adjusting linkage includes an adjusting sleeve, an adjusting screw, and an adjusting nut. One end of the adjusting sleeve is eccentrically rotatably mounted on the adjusting drive rod. The adjusting screw is coaxially inserted and slidably fitted onto the adjusting sleeve. One end of the adjusting screw is rotatably mounted on the adjusting block. The adjusting nut is coaxially rotatably mounted on the adjusting sleeve. The adjusting screw is threaded onto the adjusting nut. The adjusting sleeve is provided with an adjusting limiter to restrict the rotation of the adjusting screw around its own axis.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the adjusting nut is rotated by force, the adjusting screw moves towards or away from the adjusting sleeve due to the thread engagement with the adjusting nut and the limiting action of the adjusting limiter, thereby realizing the adjustment of the length of the adjusting connecting rod, and further realizing the adjustment of the stroke when the adjusting block drives the upper cylinder to move along the axis of the middle shield. This is beneficial for simultaneously adjusting the different strokes of the upper cylinder at different positions according to different tunneling conditions, and has strong applicability.

[0017] Optionally, the adjusting limiting component includes an adjusting limiting block fixedly installed inside the adjusting sleeve, and the adjusting screw has an adjusting limiting groove extending along its own axis on its outer peripheral surface, and the adjusting limiting block slides and engages in the adjusting limiting groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the adjusting limit block and the adjusting limit groove facilitates and stably rotates the adjusting screw around its own axis.

[0019] Optionally, the adjusting sleeve is provided with two mounting half-rings, one of which is fixedly installed at one end of the adjusting sleeve near the adjusting drive rod, and the other is fixedly installed on the mounting half-ring located on the adjusting sleeve by bolts, with the adjusting drive rod located between the two mounting half-rings.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, it is easy to fix or not fix the adjusting sleeve and the adjusting drive rod, which in turn makes it easy to link or not link one of the upper cylinders with the adjusting drive rod, and further facilitates adaptive adjustments to different tunneling conditions.

[0021] Optionally, wear-resistant pads are fixedly provided on the sides of the two mounting semi-rings that are close to each other.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the wear-resistant pad is designed to enhance the wear resistance between the adjusting drive rod and the mounting half-ring during the movement of the adjusting sleeve, thereby helping to ensure the service life of the adjusting drive rod.

[0023] Optionally, the adjusting block includes an adjusting sliding part and an adjusting fixing part. The adjusting fixing part is fixedly installed on the adjusting sliding part by bolts, and one end of the adjusting screw is rotatably installed on the adjusting fixing part by a ball joint.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the ball joint rotation setting makes the adjustment screw drive the adjustment seat to move more flexibly, and the adjustment fixing part can be disassembled and assembled to facilitate the maintenance or replacement of the adjustment link, which helps to ensure the performance of the adjustment link.

[0025] Optionally, the central shield is fixedly installed with multiple sets of sliding guide rails corresponding to the adjustment seat. Each set of sliding guide rails has two rails facing each other, and the two sides of each adjustment sliding part slide and cooperate with the two sliding guide rails of each set.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding guide rail plays a further limiting and guiding role when the adjusting sliding part slides, which helps to further ensure the stability of the adjusting seat when it moves along the central shield axis.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. It facilitates more precise correction of the cutterhead during excavation by increasing the stroke of the upper cylinder while keeping the pressure of each articulated cylinder constant. This makes it less likely for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to tilt upwards when drilling through seabed geological layers with soft upper layers and hard lower layers, thus ensuring the excavation effect of the TBM in these layers.

[0029] 2. By adjusting the rotation of a single adjusting drive rod driven by the motor, the positions of multiple adjusting blocks can be adjusted simultaneously, which helps to further improve the working efficiency of adjusting the position of each upper hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] 3. The ball joint rotation design makes the adjustment screw drive the adjustment seat more flexible, and the adjustment fixing part can be disassembled and assembled to facilitate the maintenance or replacement of the adjustment link, which helps to ensure the performance of the adjustment link. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a side view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjusting linkage in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Cutter head; 2. Front shield; 3. Articulated cylinder; 301. Upper cylinder; 302. Lower cylinder; 4. Middle shield; 5. Adjusting motor; 6. Adjusting drive rod; 601. Adjusting main rod; 602. Eccentric rod; 7. Adjusting connecting rod; 701. Adjusting sleeve; 702. Adjusting screw; 703. Adjusting nut; 8. Adjusting worm gear; 9. Adjusting worm wheel; 10. Connecting plate; 11. Mounting half ring; 12. Wear-resistant pad; 13. Adjusting limit block; 14. Adjusting limit groove; 15. Adjusting block; 151. Adjusting sliding part; 152. Adjusting fixed part; 16. Sliding guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0038] This application discloses a modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) used in a single-pass excavation in complex geological formations with steep slopes. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The modified structure of the tunnel boring machine for single-pass tunneling in complex strata with steep slopes includes a cutterhead 1, a front shield 2, an articulated hydraulic cylinder 3, and a middle shield 4. The cutterhead 1 and the middle shield 4 are located on both sides of the front shield 2, and the cutterhead 1 is mounted on the front shield 2.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The articulated hydraulic cylinders 3 are located between the front shield 2 and the middle shield 4. Multiple articulated hydraulic cylinders 3 are evenly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the middle shield 4. In this embodiment, the number of articulated hydraulic cylinders 3 is eight. The four articulated hydraulic cylinders 3 closest to the top of the middle shield 4 are designated as upper hydraulic cylinders 301, and the four articulated hydraulic cylinders 3 closest to the bottom of the middle shield 4 are designated as lower hydraulic cylinders 302. One end of the cylinder body of each lower hydraulic cylinder 302 is hinged to the middle shield 4, and the other end, i.e., one end of the piston rod, is hinged to the front shield 2. The middle shield 4 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment block 15 and an adjustment assembly. There are four adjustment blocks 15 corresponding to the upper hydraulic cylinders 301. One end of the cylinder body of each upper hydraulic cylinder 301 is hinged to the adjustment block 15, and the other end, i.e., the piston rod end, is hinged to the front shield 2. The adjustment assembly is used to drive each adjustment block 15 to move along the axial direction of the middle shield 4, so as to achieve more precise correction of the cutterhead 1 during tunneling by increasing the stroke of the upper hydraulic cylinder 301.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3Specifically, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment motor 5, an adjustment drive rod 6, and an adjustment connecting rod 7. The adjustment drive rod 6 is horizontally set and rotatably mounted on the central shield 4. The adjustment motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the central shield 4. An adjustment worm 8 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the adjustment motor 5. An adjustment worm wheel 9 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the adjustment drive rod 6. The adjustment worm 8 and the adjustment worm wheel 9 mesh, so that the adjustment motor 5 drives the adjustment drive rod 6 to rotate through the meshing of the adjustment worm 8 and the adjustment worm wheel 9. At the same time, the self-locking effect between the adjustment worm 8 and the adjustment worm wheel 9 helps to ensure the stability of the adjustment drive rod 6 after rotation.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 There are four adjusting links 7 corresponding to one adjusting block 15, and each adjusting link 7 is eccentrically mounted on the same adjusting drive rod 6. Specifically, the adjusting drive rod 6 includes an adjusting main rod 601 and an eccentric rod 602. There are four eccentric rods 602 corresponding to one adjusting link 7. The eccentric rods 602 are eccentrically mounted to the adjusting main rod 601, and each end of the eccentric rod 602 is fixedly mounted with a connecting plate 10. Each connecting plate 10 is fixedly mounted to the adjusting main rod 601. The two connecting plates 10 at both ends of the eccentric rod 602 cut off the adjusting main rod 601, so that the adjusting link 7 can be connected to the eccentric rod 602 to achieve the eccentric mounting between the adjusting link 7 and the adjusting drive rod 6, and at the same time, it makes it less likely for the adjusting main rod 601 to interfere with the adjusting link 7 when rotating.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, the adjusting linkage 7 includes an adjusting sleeve 701, an adjusting screw 702, and an adjusting nut 703. The adjusting sleeve 701 has two mounting half-rings 11. One mounting half-ring 11 is fixedly installed at one end of the adjusting sleeve 701 near the adjusting drive rod 6, and the other mounting half-ring 11 is fixedly installed to the mounting half-ring 11 located on the adjusting sleeve 701 by bolts. An eccentric rod 602 is rotatably engaged between the two mounting half-rings 11, meaning that one end of the adjusting sleeve 701 is eccentrically and rotatably installed on the adjusting drive rod 6. To ensure the service life of the eccentric rod 602, wear-resistant pads 12 are fixedly provided on the adjacent sides of both mounting half-rings 11. In this embodiment, the wear-resistant pads 12 are made of rubber.

[0043] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4An adjusting screw 702 is coaxially inserted and slidably fitted onto the end of the adjusting sleeve 701 away from the mounting half-ring 11. An adjusting nut 703 is coaxially rotatably mounted onto the end of the adjusting sleeve 701 away from the mounting half-ring 11. The adjusting screw 702 is threadedly fitted onto the adjusting nut 703. The adjusting sleeve 701 is provided with an adjusting limiter that restricts the rotation of the adjusting screw 702 around its own axis. In this embodiment, the adjusting limiter includes an adjusting limiter block 13 fixedly installed inside the adjusting sleeve 701. An adjusting limiter groove 14 extending along its own axis is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting screw 702. The adjusting limiter block 13 is slidably fitted into the adjusting limiter groove 14, so that when force is applied to rotate the adjusting nut 703, the adjusting screw 702 moves toward or away from the adjusting sleeve 701 due to the threaded fit with the adjusting nut 703 and the limiting action of the adjusting limiter block 13 and the adjusting limiter groove 14, thereby realizing the adjustment of the length of the adjusting connecting rod 7.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 The adjusting block 15 includes an adjusting sliding part 151 and an adjusting fixing part 152. The adjusting sliding part 151 passes through the axis of the middle shield 4 and slides and engages with the middle shield 4. One end of the upper cylinder 301 is rotatably mounted on the end of the adjusting sliding part 151 near the front shield 2. To further ensure the stability of the adjusting block 15 when sliding along the axis of the middle shield 4, four sets of sliding guide rails 16 are fixedly installed on the side of the middle shield 4 away from the front shield 2, corresponding one-to-one with the adjusting seat. There are two sliding guide rails 16 in each set, and the two sides of each adjusting sliding part 151 slide and engage with the two sliding guide rails 16 in each set, so that the sliding guide rails 16 play a further limiting role in the sliding of the adjusting sliding part 151.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The adjusting fixing part 152 is fixedly installed on the end of the adjusting sliding part 151 away from the front shield 2 by bolts. One end of the adjusting screw 702 is rotatably installed on the adjusting fixing part 152 by ball joint. The ball joint rotation setting makes the adjusting screw 702 more flexible when driving the adjusting seat to move. Moreover, the adjusting fixing part 152 can be disassembled and assembled by bolts, which facilitates the maintenance or replacement of the adjusting connecting rod 7 and helps to ensure the performance of the adjusting connecting rod 7.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 When the adjusting nut 703 is rotated, the adjusting screw 702 moves toward or away from the adjusting sleeve 701, thereby adjusting the length of the adjusting connecting rod 7, the stroke of the upper cylinder 301 driven by the adjusting block 15 is simultaneously adjusted along the axis of the middle shield 4. This is beneficial for simultaneously adjusting the different strokes of the upper cylinder 301 at different positions according to different tunneling conditions, and has strong applicability.

[0047] Furthermore, by fixing or not fixing the two mounting half-rings 11, it is easy to achieve linkage or non-linkage between one of the upper hydraulic cylinders 301 and the adjusting drive rod 6, thereby facilitating adaptive adjustments for different tunneling conditions. When the two mounting half-rings 11 are released, the adjusting seat and the middle shield 4 can be fixed by angle steel and bolts, thus ensuring the stability of the position of one of the adjusting seats and the upper hydraulic cylinder 301 after the linkage with the adjusting drive rod 6 is released.

[0048] The implementation principle of the modified structure of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) for single-pass tunneling in complex strata with a large slope in this application embodiment is as follows: When the regulating motor 5 drives the regulating worm gear 8 to rotate, thereby driving the regulating connecting rod 7 to drive the regulating block 15 to move along the axis of the middle shield 4, the regulating block 15 drives the upper hydraulic cylinder 301 to move along the axis of the middle shield 4. This facilitates more precise correction of the cutterhead 1 during tunneling by increasing the stroke of the upper hydraulic cylinder 301 while keeping the pressure of each articulated hydraulic cylinder 3 constant. This makes it less likely for the TBM to tilt upwards when drilling in seabed geological strata with soft upper and hard lower layers, thus ensuring the tunneling effect of the TBM in strata with soft upper and hard lower layers.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) used in a single-pass excavation in complex geological formations with a steep gradient, characterized in that: The system includes a cutter head (1), a front shield (2), articulated cylinders (3), and a middle shield (4). The cutter head (1) and the middle shield (4) are located on both sides of the front shield (2). The cutter head (1) is mounted on the front shield (2). Multiple articulated cylinders (3) are arranged circumferentially around the axis of the middle shield (4). The articulated cylinder (3) near the top of the middle shield (4) is designated as the upper cylinder (301), and the articulated cylinder (3) near the bottom of the middle shield (4) is designated as the lower cylinder (302). The middle shield (4) is equipped with... There is an adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment block (15) and an adjustment component. Multiple adjustment blocks (15) are provided corresponding to the upper cylinders (301). The adjustment component is used to drive the adjustment blocks (15) to move along the axis of the middle shield (4). One end of each upper cylinder (301) is hinged to the adjustment block (15) and the other end is hinged to the front shield (2). One end of each lower cylinder (302) is hinged to the middle shield (4) and the other end is hinged to the front shield (2). The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment motor (5), an adjustment drive rod (6), and an adjustment connecting rod (7). The adjustment drive rod (6) is rotatably mounted on the central shield (4). The adjustment motor (5) is used to drive the adjustment drive rod (6) to rotate around its own axis. One end of the adjustment connecting rod (7) is eccentrically mounted on the adjustment drive rod (6), and the other end is rotatably mounted on the adjustment block (15). The adjustment block (15) slides along the axial direction of the central shield (4) and engages with the central shield (4). An adjusting worm (8) is fixedly installed at the output end of the adjusting motor (5), and an adjusting worm wheel (9) is fixedly installed coaxially on the adjusting drive rod (6). The adjusting worm wheel (9) meshes with the adjusting worm (8). Multiple adjusting links (7) and adjusting blocks (15) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and each adjusting link (7) is eccentrically mounted on the same adjusting drive rod (6); The adjusting linkage (7) includes an adjusting sleeve (701), an adjusting screw (702), and an adjusting nut (703). One end of the adjusting sleeve (701) is eccentrically mounted on the adjusting drive rod (6). The adjusting screw (702) is coaxially inserted and slidably fitted onto the adjusting sleeve (701). One end of the adjusting screw (702) is rotatably mounted on the adjusting block (15). The adjusting nut (703) is coaxially mounted on the adjusting sleeve (701). The adjusting screw (702) is threaded onto the adjusting nut (703). The adjusting sleeve (701) is provided with an adjusting limiter that restricts the adjustment screw (702) from rotating around its own axis.

2. The modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in a complex, steep strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting limit component includes an adjusting limit block (13) fixedly installed inside the adjusting sleeve (701), and the adjusting screw (702) has an adjusting limit groove (14) extending along its own axis on its outer peripheral surface, and the adjusting limit block (13) slides and fits in the adjusting limit groove (14).

3. The modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in a complex, steep strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting sleeve (701) is provided with two mounting half rings (11), one of which is fixedly installed at one end of the adjusting sleeve (701) near the adjusting drive rod (6), and the other is fixedly installed on the mounting half ring (11) located on the adjusting sleeve (701) by bolts. The adjusting drive rod (6) is located between the two mounting half rings (11).

4. The modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in complex strata with a large slope as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Wear-resistant pads (12) are fixedly installed on the side of the two mounting half-rings (11) that are close to each other.

5. The modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in a complex, steep strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting block (15) includes an adjusting sliding part (151) and an adjusting fixing part (152). The adjusting fixing part (152) is fixedly installed on the adjusting sliding part (151) by bolts. One end of the adjusting screw (702) is rotatably installed on the adjusting fixing part (152) by ball joint.

6. The modification structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in complex strata with steep slopes as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The central shield (4) is fixedly installed with multiple sets of sliding guide rails (16) corresponding to the adjustment block (15). Each set of sliding guide rails (16) has two rails facing each other, and the two sides of each adjustment sliding part (151) slide and cooperate with the two sliding guide rails (16) of each set.

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