A shield machine cutter changing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of roller cutter changing of shield machine, and specifically discloses a roller cutter changing device of shield machine, comprising a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a flange, the flange is detachably fixed to the cutter head of the shield machine, a gate is fixedly connected to the cylinder, a gate is slidably connected inside the gate, the cylinder is closed by the gate, an annular airbag is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flange, an air pipe is provided at the bottom of the annular airbag, the air pipe passes through the flange downward and extends to the outside of the flange, the annular airbag is inflated through the air pipe, and the mounting hole on one side of the cutter head is covered after the annular airbag expands. The advantages of the present invention are: the cylinder is closed by the gate, so that mud will not be lost in large quantities, and the mud loss is avoided to destroy the mud-water balance of the shield machine, and since the mounting hole is also blocked by the annular airbag, the mud will not enter the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is protected to prevent the mounting hole from being contaminated by the mud.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roller cutter changing for shield machines, and in particular to a roller cutter changing device for shield machines. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of water shield, the cutterhead usually cuts the strata in a pressurized muddy water environment for excavation. When the cutter is worn or damaged and needs to be replaced, personnel need to enter the chamber under pressure. This method of changing cutters is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has a high safety risk. In recent years, slurry shields have generally adopted normal pressure cutterheads with normal pressure cutter changing devices. Personnel can change cutters in the normal pressure environment of the cutterhead, which greatly improves the efficiency and safety of the cutter changing operation. The normal pressure cutter changing device currently used in normal pressure cutterheads mainly consists of a cutter seat with a sealed gate and a detachable cutter barrel. Since the gate opening and closing requires a large space and the cutterhead panel space is limited, the space for arranging the cutters of the normal pressure cutterhead is greatly restricted and difficult to arrange, and the number of cutters is limited, which is not conducive to improving the cutting capacity of the cutterhead; in addition, the sealed gate works in the muddy water environment for a long time, and after repeated opening and closing actions, it is easy to cause damage to the gate itself and the sealing components, resulting in difficulty in the gate opening and closing and seal failure.

[0003] Based on this, CN202210905797.4 discloses a shield machine cutter head normal pressure tool changing system, in which a sealing gate structure is arranged on a detachable auxiliary tool changing tooling, avoiding the sealing gate from being arranged on the cutter head, improving the long-term use environment of the sealing gate, and being able to solve the technical problems of the existing normal pressure tool changing device cutter head having large external dimensions, difficult arrangement of the roller cutter, and poor reliability of the sealing gate. However, with such arrangement, after the roller cutter assembly is taken out, although the mud is blocked by the gate, the mounting hole for mounting the roller cutter assembly is always still in the mud, so that the mud will enter the mounting hole, and after the roller cutter assembly is reinstalled, the roller cutter assembly needs to be fixed with screws, and there is mud in the mounting hole, and the impurities in the mud affect the screw installation accuracy, and when there is a deviation in the screw accuracy, there is also a deviation in the roller cutter assembly accuracy, which will affect the working accuracy of the shield machine. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art and to propose a shield machine cutter changing device, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A cutter changing device for a shield machine, wherein a mounting hole is arranged on one side of a cutter disc of the shield machine, a cutter assembly is arranged on one side of the cutter disc, a clearance groove is arranged on one side of a mounting plate of the cutter assembly, the clearance groove is arranged corresponding to the mounting hole, the mounting plate is fixed to the cutter disc by connecting screws, the connecting screws are threadedly connected in the mounting hole, the cutter changing device comprises a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a flange, the flange is detachably fixed to the cutter disc of the shield machine, a gate is fixedly connected to the cylinder, a gate is slidably connected in the gate, the cylinder is closed by the gate, an annular airbag is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flange, an air pipe is arranged at the bottom of the annular airbag, the air pipe penetrates downward through the flange and extends to the outside of the flange, the annular airbag is inflated through the air pipe, the annular airbag expands and extends into the clearance groove, thereby the mounting hole on one side of the cutter disc is blocked by the expanded annular airbag.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the tool removal frame, and the tool removal frame matches the hob assembly.

[0008] Preferably, one side of the gate plate is fixedly connected to a fixing block.

[0009] Preferably, two groups of partitions are provided at the inner bottom of the annular airbag, a center hole is provided at the center of each partition, and the two groups of partitions are symmetrically arranged with the trachea as the center.

[0010] The advantages of the present invention are: a shield machine cutter changing device provided by the present invention closes the cylinder through a gate plate, so that mud will not be lost in large quantities, thereby avoiding mud loss and destroying the mud and water balance of the shield machine; since the mounting hole is also blocked by the annular airbag, mud will not enter the mounting hole, thereby protecting the mounting hole and preventing the mounting hole from being contaminated by mud. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a basic structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when the annular airbag is not inflated;

[0013] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view at N;

[0014] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention after the annular airbag is inflated;

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of M;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a shield machine cutter changing device, including a cylinder 1, one end of which is fixedly connected to a flange 3, the flange 3 is detachably fixed on a cutter head 100 of the shield machine, and the connection method between the flange 3 and the cutter head 100 is prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0019] The cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with a gate 2, which is a rectangular tubular structure. The gate 2 is connected with the cylinder 1, and a gate plate 21 is slidably connected inside the gate 2. When inserted into the cylinder 1, the gate plate 21 closes the cylinder 1. One side of the gate plate 21 is fixedly connected with a fixing block 22, which facilitates the operator to push the gate plate 21.

[0020] The shield machine cutter changing device of this embodiment also includes a hydraulic cylinder 200, which is fixed in a fixing manner in the prior art, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 200 is fixedly connected to the cutter removal frame, which matches the cutter assembly 300. The hydraulic cylinder 200 pushes the cutter removal frame forward, and the cutter assembly 300 can be taken out through the cutter removal frame. The method of taking out the cutter assembly 300 by the cutter removal frame is the prior art, see the removal method in CN115163101B, and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] The inner wall of the flange 3 is fixedly connected to the annular airbag 4, and an air pipe 41 is provided at the bottom of the annular airbag 4. The air pipe 41 passes through the flange 3 downward and extends to the outside of the flange 3. The annular airbag 4 is inflated through the air pipe 41. After the annular airbag 4 is inflated, the mounting hole 500 on one side of the cutter head 100 is blocked. A clearance groove 700 is provided on one side of the mounting plate 400 of the hob assembly 300.

[0022] When the cutter needs to be changed, the flange 3 is fixed on the cutter disc 100, the connecting screw 600 on one side of the mounting plate 400 is removed, and the annular airbag 4 is inflated through the air pipe 41. After the annular airbag 4 expands, the inner side of the annular airbag 4 squeezes into the clearance groove 700, thereby covering the mounting hole 500. The roller cutter assembly 300 is taken out through the hydraulic cylinder 200 and the tool removal frame. When the roller cutter assembly 300 is taken out, the gate plate 21 is inserted into the cylinder 1. In this way, the cylinder 1 can be closed by the gate plate 21, so that the mud will not be lost in large quantities, avoiding the loss of mud and destroying the mud and water balance of the shield machine. Since the mounting hole 500 is also blocked by the annular airbag 4, the mud will not enter the mounting hole 500, protecting the mounting hole 500 and preventing the mounting hole 500 from being contaminated by the mud.

[0023] Then, the new roller cutter assembly 300 is inserted into the cutter disc 100, and the roller cutter assembly 300 can be directly inserted by opening the gate 21. After the annular airbag 4 is filled with air, one side of the annular airbag 4 is an inclined surface, so that the roller cutter assembly 300 is guided by the inclined surface on one side of the annular airbag 4, which facilitates the roller cutter assembly 300 to be directly inserted into the cutter disc 100, thereby increasing the speed of loading the roller cutter assembly 300 and indirectly reducing the amount of mud loss. After the roller cutter assembly 300 is inserted into the cutter disc 100, the excess mud completely flows out of the cylinder 1, and the air in the annular airbag 4 is discharged, and then the roller cutter assembly 300 is installed and fixed by the connecting screw 600, and the connecting screw 600 is threadedly connected in the installation hole.

[0024] In order to further facilitate the insertion of the roller cutter assembly 300 into the cutter disc 100, two groups of partitions 5 are provided at the bottom of the inner side of the annular airbag 4, each of which is provided with a central hole 51 at the center, and the two groups of partitions 5 are symmetrically arranged with the air pipe 41 as the center. In this way, when the roller cutter assembly 300 is inserted into the cutter disc 100, a higher pressure gas is introduced into the annular airbag 4 in advance. Under the obstruction of the partition 5, the high pressure gas first increases the air pressure between the partitions 5, thereby enhancing the strength of the bottom of the annular airbag 4, and the annular airbag 4 generates a supporting force for the roller cutter assembly 300. Even if the roller cutter assembly 300 tilts downward due to gravity, the annular airbag 4 can still generate a supporting force for the roller cutter assembly 300. Combined with the inclined surface on one side of the annular airbag 4, it is easier to insert the roller cutter assembly 300 into the cutter disc 100.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield machine cutter changing device, wherein a mounting hole (500) is provided on one side of a cutter head (100) of the shield machine, a cutter assembly (300) is provided in the cutter head (100), a clearance groove (700) is provided on one side of a mounting plate (400) of the cutter assembly (300), the clearance groove (700) is arranged corresponding to the mounting hole (500), the mounting plate (400) is fixed to the cutter head (100) by connecting screws (600), the connecting screws (600) are threadedly connected in the mounting hole (500), the cutter changing device comprises a cylinder (1), one end of the cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a flange (3), the flange (3) is detachably fixed to the cutter head (100) of the shield machine, a gate (2) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (1), a gate plate (21) is slidably connected in the gate (2), and the cylinder (1) is closed by the gate plate (21), characterized in that: An annular airbag (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flange (3), and an air pipe (41) is provided at the bottom of the annular airbag (4). The air pipe (41) passes through the flange (3) downward and extends to the outside of the flange (3). When it is necessary to change the tool, the flange (3) is fixed to the tool disc (100), the connecting screws (600) on one side of the mounting plate (400) are removed, and the annular airbag (4) is inflated through the air pipe (41). After the annular airbag (4) is inflated, it extends into the clearance groove (700), so that the mounting hole (500) on one side of the tool disc (100) is covered by the inflated annular airbag (4).

2. A shield machine cutter changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic cylinder (200), the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (200) is fixedly connected to a tool removal rack, and the tool removal rack matches the hob assembly (300).

3. A shield machine cutter changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the gate plate (21) is fixedly connected to a fixing block (22).

4. A shield machine cutter changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of partitions (5) are provided at the inner bottom of the annular airbag (4), and a center hole (51) is provided at the center of each partition (5) of each group of partitions (5). The two groups of partitions (5) are symmetrically arranged with the air pipe (41) as the center.

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