Blowout preventer sealing performance test device and method for simulating deep sea complex environment
Through a test device that simulates the deep-sea environment and high-pressure oil and fluid environment, the problem of high opening and closing performance and high field test costs in the prior art is solved, and detailed performance testing is achieved and testing costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411616339.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-21
Smart Images
Figure CN119492496A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development equipment design, and in particular to a blowout preventer sealing performance test device and method for simulating a complex deep sea environment. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, with the increasing frequency of oil and gas exploration and development, related supporting research and experimental work has also been carried out one after another. As an important well control device, the blowout preventer mainly provides protection for well control safety during drilling and other production operations. Its original design intention is to be able to close the wellhead in an emergency. By continuously controlling the wellhead pressure, the fluid flowing into the wellbore from the formation can be circulated in a controllable manner, effectively avoiding the occurrence of production safety accidents such as blowouts and well kicks.
[0003] Hydraulically controlled gate blowout preventers are widely used at home and abroad. Their advantages are rapid switching action, light and labor-saving operation, safe and reliable use, and easy maintenance. The gate blowout preventer is mainly composed of a shell, a cylinder, a piston and a gate. There are generally three types of gates: full-closed gates, semi-closed gates and shear gates. When there is a drill pipe or oil pipe in the well, the semi-closed gate is generally used to hold the drill pipe to achieve the purpose of closing the wellhead. When there is no drilling tool in the well, the full-closed gate can be used to fully seal the wellhead. Sometimes in an emergency, the shear gate is used to cut the drill pipe to achieve the purpose of fully sealing the wellhead. The closing or opening of the gate of the blowout preventer is achieved by hydraulic pressure. When a blowout or well surge occurs, the high-pressure power fluid enters the hydraulic closing chamber on the left and right sides of the blowout preventer, pushing the piston and the gates on both sides to move to the center of the wellhead respectively to achieve well sealing. Similarly, to open the blowout preventer, it is necessary to introduce high-pressure power fluid into the hydraulic opening chamber on the left and right sides of the blowout preventer, pushing the piston and the gates on both sides away from the center of the wellhead respectively to achieve the opening of the wellhead.
[0004] Most of the existing BOP performance tests are conducted using simulation software. Although the model has a certain degree of simulation accuracy, it cannot obtain the opening and closing performance of the BOP in detail. For the performance test of deepwater BOP, it is very costly to conduct field tests. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a blowout preventer sealing performance test device and method simulating a complex deep-sea environment, aiming to solve the problem in the related art that the blowout preventer opening and closing performance cannot be obtained in detail when the blowout preventer performance is tested using simulation software, and the cost of field test research is high.
[0006] The present invention provides a blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a complex deep sea environment, comprising: A deep-sea environment simulation system, the deep-sea environment simulation system comprising a closed pressure chamber and a blowout preventer, a watertight pipe and a simulated drill pipe arranged in the pressure chamber, the pressure chamber being provided with a seawater injection port for seawater to enter, both ends of the simulated drill pipe being sealedly connected to the pressure chamber, and both ends of the simulated drill pipe being connected to the outside of the pressure chamber, the blowout preventer and the watertight pipe being sleeved on the outside of the simulated drill pipe, the bottom of the blowout preventer being connected to the inner bottom of the pressure chamber, the watertight pipe being arranged between the top of the blowout preventer and the inner top of the pressure chamber, and the portion of the simulated drill pipe corresponding to the blowout preventer and the position corresponding to the watertight pipe being provided with channels, the channels connecting the inner and outer sides of the simulated drill pipe; A first hydraulic system, wherein an actuator end of the first hydraulic system is connected to the blowout preventer to drive the gate of the blowout preventer to open and close; a second hydraulic system, wherein a liquid outlet of the second hydraulic system is connected to the seawater injection port; A third hydraulic system, wherein a fluid outlet of the third hydraulic system is connected to the bottom of the simulated drill pipe; The monitoring system includes an oil return pipe, a throttle valve and a flow meter. The oil inlet end of the oil return pipe is connected to the top end of the simulated drill pipe. The throttle valve and the flow meter are connected in series on the oil return pipe, and the flow meter is located on the downstream side of the throttle valve.
[0007] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a complex deep-sea environment provided by the present invention, the pressure chamber comprises: a cabin body, wherein the interior of the cabin body is hollow and the bottom is open; A bushing is used to close the cabin and is detachably connected to the bottom of the cabin.
[0008] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating complex deep-sea environments provided by the present invention, drill rod connecting holes are provided on the cabin body and the bushing, and the two drill rod connecting holes are coaxially arranged, and the top and bottom ends of the simulated drill rod are penetrated to the outside of the pressure cabin through the corresponding drill rod connecting holes.
[0009] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention, the first hydraulic system comprises: Directional valve group; A pilot oil supply pipeline, wherein the working oil port of the pilot oil supply pipeline is connected to the control end of the reversing valve group, and the pilot oil supply pipeline is at least used to switch the reversing valve group between a first working state and a second working state; a first hydraulic oil supply pipeline connected to an oil inlet of the reversing valve group; The oil cylinder, the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder are respectively connected to the two working oil ports of the reversing valve group. When the reversing valve group works in the first working state, the reversing valve group only conducts the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder with the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline. When the reversing valve group works in the second working state, the reversing valve group only conducts the rod chamber of the oil cylinder with the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline.
[0010] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a complex deep-sea environment provided by the present invention, the pilot oil supply pipeline includes a pilot oil source and an electromagnetic reversing valve, and the reversing valve group includes a second reversing valve and a third reversing valve; The oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the pilot oil source, the two working oil ports of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the pilot oil ports of the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve, the oil inlets of the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve are both connected to the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline, the working oil port of the second reversing valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder, and the working oil port of the third reversing valve is connected to the rod chamber of the oil cylinder; When the solenoid reversing valve switches to the first working position, the solenoid reversing valve connects the pilot oil source and the pilot oil port of the second reversing valve, and the second reversing valve connects the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the rodless chamber of the cylinder. When the solenoid reversing valve switches to the second working position, the solenoid reversing valve connects the pilot oil source and the pilot oil port of the third reversing valve, and the third reversing valve connects the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the rod chamber of the cylinder.
[0011] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention, the second hydraulic system comprises: Water tank; A seawater supply pipeline, wherein the liquid inlet end of the seawater supply pipeline is connected to the water tank, the liquid outlet end of the seawater supply pipeline is connected to the seawater injection port, and a water pump and a first one-way valve are sequentially arranged from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the seawater supply pipeline; A first overflow pipeline, wherein a liquid inlet end of the first overflow pipeline is connected to the seawater supply pipeline, and a connection point is located on the downstream side of the first one-way valve, a liquid outlet end of the first overflow pipeline is connected to the water tank, and a first overflow valve is arranged on the first overflow pipeline.
[0012] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention, the third hydraulic system comprises: Second hydraulic oil tank; a second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, wherein the liquid inlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil tank, the liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the bottom end of the simulated drill rod, and a second hydraulic oil pump and a second one-way valve are sequentially arranged from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline; A second overflow pipeline, the liquid inlet end of the second overflow pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the second one-way valve, the liquid outlet end of the second overflow pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil tank, and a second overflow valve is arranged on the second overflow pipeline.
[0013] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a complex deep-sea environment provided by the present invention, accumulators are connected to the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline, the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the seawater supply pipeline.
[0014] According to the blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a complex deep-sea environment provided by the present invention, coolers are provided on the first overflow pipeline and the second overflow pipeline, and filters are provided on the upstream ends of the seawater supply pipeline and the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the downstream ends of the first overflow pipeline and the second overflow pipeline.
[0015] The present invention also provides a method for testing the sealing performance of a blowout preventer simulating a complex deep-sea environment, comprising: Control the second hydraulic system to inject seawater into the pressure chamber and control the third hydraulic system to inject high-pressure oil into the simulated drill pipe; Control the first hydraulic system to reciprocately open and close the gate of the blowout preventer; Collect the flow rate of the high-pressure oil in the oil return pipe when the gate is opened and closed; Based on the flow rate of the high-pressure oil in the oil return pipe, the opening and closing performance of the gate after repeated opening and closing is verified.
[0016] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages: The blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention comprises a deep-sea environment simulation system, a first hydraulic system, a second hydraulic system, a third hydraulic system and a monitoring system. The deep-sea environment simulation system comprises a closed pressure chamber and a blowout preventer, a watertight pipe and a simulated drill pipe arranged in the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is provided with a seawater injection port for seawater to enter. Both ends of the simulated drill pipe are sealed and connected to the pressure chamber, and both ends of the simulated drill pipe are connected to the outside of the pressure chamber. The blowout preventer and the watertight pipe sleeve are arranged on the outside of the simulated drill pipe. The bottom of the blowout preventer is connected to the inner bottom of the pressure chamber. The watertight pipe is arranged between the top of the blowout preventer and the inner top of the pressure chamber. The part corresponding to the blowout preventer and the position corresponding to the watertight pipe on the simulated drill pipe are provided with channels, and the channels connect the inner and outer sides of the simulated drill pipe. The execution end of the first hydraulic system is connected to the blowout preventer to drive the opening and closing of the gate of the blowout preventer. The liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic system is connected to the seawater injection port. The liquid outlet end of the third hydraulic system is connected to the bottom of the simulated drill pipe. The monitoring system includes a return oil pipe, a throttle valve and a flow meter. The oil inlet end of the return oil pipe is connected to the top of the simulated drill pipe, and the throttle valve and the flow meter are connected in series to the return oil pipe. High-pressure seawater is injected into the pressure chamber through the second hydraulic system, and the pressure in the pressure chamber is maintained constant to simulate the drilling operation conditions in the deep sea, so that the environment of the blowout preventer and the watertight pipe is the same as the deep sea environment. High-pressure oil is supplied to the simulated drill pipe through the third hydraulic system, and the high-pressure oil enters the blowout preventer and the watertight pipe through the holes on the simulated drill pipe. In order to simulate the high-pressure oil environment, the throttle valve cannot be fully opened, and the valve size must be adjusted so that the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure oil in the blowout preventer and the watertight pipe reaches 70Mpa. The opening and closing of the blowout preventer gate is controlled by the first hydraulic system to simulate the reagent drilling operation scene. When the blowout preventer gate is closed, the oil flow recorded by the flowmeter will decrease. When the blowout preventer gate is opened, the oil flow recorded by the flowmeter will increase. By observing the size of the oil flow and the increase and decrease rate of the oil flow, the opening and closing performance of the tested blowout preventer after repeated closing and opening is verified. The blowout preventer sealing performance test method and device simulating the complex deep-sea environment provided by the present invention are close to the actual working conditions during the test, which is helpful to grasp the real opening and closing characteristics of the blowout preventer.
[0017] Furthermore, in the test method for testing the sealing performance of a blowout preventer in a simulated deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention, since it is implemented by relying on the test device for testing the sealing performance of a blowout preventer in a simulated deep-sea complex environment as described above, it has the same advantages as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a complex deep-sea environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a deep sea environment simulation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first hydraulic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second hydraulic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a third hydraulic system provided in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Reference numerals: 100: deep sea environment simulation system; 111: cabin; 1111: seawater injection port; 112: bushing; 120: blowout preventer; 130: riser; 140: simulated drill pipe; 141: channel; 200: first hydraulic system; 210: oil cylinder; 221: pilot oil tank; 222: solenoid reversing valve; 231: second reversing valve; 232: third reversing valve; 241: first hydraulic oil tank; 242: first hydraulic oil pump; 250: third accumulator; 300: second hydraulic system; 310: water tank; 321: first filter; 322: water pump; 323: first check valve; 331: first overflow valve; 332: first cooler; 333: second filter; 340: first accumulator; 400: third hydraulic system; 410: second hydraulic oil tank; 421: third filter; 422: second hydraulic oil pump; 423: second check valve; 431: second overflow valve; 432: second cooler; 433: fourth filter; 440: second accumulator; 500: monitoring system; 510: throttle valve; 520: flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be a connection between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0026] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0027] The present invention provides a blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a complex deep-sea environment, comprising a deep-sea environment simulation system, a first hydraulic system, a second hydraulic system, a third hydraulic system and a monitoring system. The deep-sea environment simulation system comprises a closed pressure chamber and a blowout preventer, a watertight pipe and a simulated drill pipe arranged in the pressure chamber. The simulated drill pipe is inserted into the pressure chamber, and both ends of the simulated drill pipe are connected to the outside of the pressure chamber, the watertight pipe and the blowout preventer are sleeved on the outside of the simulated drill pipe, and the bottom of the blowout preventer is connected to the inner bottom of the pressure chamber, the watertight pipe is arranged between the top of the blowout preventer and the inner top of the pressure chamber, and the simulated drill pipe is connected to the inside of the blowout preventer and the watertight pipe. The blowout preventer is placed in the pressure chamber, the second hydraulic system is used to fill the pressure chamber with high-pressure seawater to simulate the deep-sea high-pressure environment, the third hydraulic system injects high-pressure oil into the lower end of the simulated drill pipe, and the high-pressure oil flows into the blowout preventer through the simulated drill pipe to simulate the high-pressure oil environment. The first hydraulic system is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the gate of the blowout preventer. When the gate of the blowout preventer is closed, the oil flow recorded by the flow meter will decrease. When the gate of the blowout preventer is opened, the oil flow recorded by the flow meter will increase. By observing the size of the oil flow and the increase and decrease rate of the oil flow, the opening and closing performance of the tested blowout preventer after repeated closing and opening can be verified.
[0028] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 The invention describes a blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a complex deep sea environment.
[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a complex deep sea environment, comprising a deep sea environment simulation system 100 , a first hydraulic system 200 , a second hydraulic system 300 , a third hydraulic system 400 and a monitoring system 500 .
[0030] The deep-sea environment simulation system 100 includes a pressure chamber, a blowout preventer 120, a watertight riser 130 and a simulated drill pipe 140, wherein the interior of the pressure chamber is a closed space, a seawater injection port 1111 is provided on the pressure chamber, and the blowout preventer 120, the watertight riser 130 and the simulated drill pipe 140 are all arranged in the pressure chamber.
[0031] Specifically, the simulated drill pipe 140 is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the top end of the simulated drill pipe 140 passes through the top of the pressure chamber upwards, and the bottom end of the simulated drill pipe 140 passes through the bottom of the pressure chamber downwards, and the position where the simulated drill pipe 140 contacts the pressure chamber is sealed to ensure the sealing of the pressure chamber. The blowout preventer 120 and the watertight pipe 130 are coaxially arranged with the simulated drill pipe 140, and are both sleeved on the outside of the simulated drill pipe 140, and the bottom of the blowout preventer 120 is connected to the inner bottom of the pressure chamber, the bottom of the watertight pipe 130 is connected to the top of the blowout preventer 120, and the watertight pipe 130 covers the outlet of the blowout preventer 120, and the top of the watertight pipe 130 is connected to the inner top of the pressure chamber. At this time, the outer sides of the watertight pipe 130 and the blowout preventer 120 and the inner side of the pressure chamber form a closed space. The parts of the simulated drill pipe 140 corresponding to the blowout preventer 120 and the parts corresponding to the watertight riser 130 are both provided with channels 141, one of the channels 141 is used to connect the interior of the simulated drill pipe 140 with the blowout preventer 120, and the other channel 141 is used to connect the interior of the simulated drill pipe 140 with the watertight riser 130. At this time, the interior of the blowout preventer 120 and the interior of the watertight riser 130 are both connected to the outside of the pressure chamber through the simulated drill pipe 140.
[0032] The execution end of the first hydraulic system 200 is used to be connected to the blowout preventer 120 , specifically connected to the gate drive device of the blowout preventer 120 . The first hydraulic system 200 is used to control the opening and closing of the gate of the blowout preventer 120 .
[0033] The liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic system 300 is connected to the seawater injection port 1111 of the pressure chamber, and is used to inject seawater of a certain pressure into the pressure chamber and maintain the seawater in the pressure chamber at a constant pressure to simulate the drilling operation conditions in the deep sea, so that the environment of the blowout preventer 120 and the watertight pipe 130 is the same as the deep sea environment.
[0034] The liquid outlet of the third hydraulic system 400 is connected to the bottom of the simulated drill pipe 140, and the monitoring system 500 includes a return oil pipe, a throttle valve 510 and a flow meter 520. The oil inlet of the return oil pipe is connected to the top of the simulated drill pipe 140. The throttle valve 510 and the flow meter 520 are connected in series on the return oil pipe, and the flow meter 520 is located on the downstream side of the throttle valve 510. The third hydraulic system 400 is used to supply hydraulic oil to the inside of the blowout preventer 120 and the water-tightening pipe 130 through the simulated drill pipe 140 to simulate the high-pressure oil environment inside the blowout preventer 120. In order to simulate the high-pressure oil environment, the throttle valve 510 cannot be fully opened, and the valve size must be adjusted so that the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure oil in the blowout preventer 120 and the water-tightening pipe 130 reaches 70Mpa.
[0035] The blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention controls the opening and closing of the gate of the blowout preventer 120 through the first hydraulic system 200 to simulate the reagent drilling operation scene. When the gate of the blowout preventer 120 is closed, the oil flow recorded by the flowmeter 520 will decrease. When the gate of the blowout preventer 120 is opened, the oil flow recorded by the flowmeter 520 will increase. By observing the size of the oil flow and the increase and decrease rate of the oil flow, the opening and closing performance of the blowout preventer 120 after repeated closing and opening is verified. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep-sea complex environment provided by the present invention is close to the actual working conditions during the test, which is helpful to grasp the actual opening and closing characteristics of the blowout preventer 120.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure chamber includes a chamber body 111 and a bushing 112. The chamber body 111 may be a structure with a hollow interior and an open bottom. The bushing 112 may also be referred to as a bottom sealing plate. The bushing 112 is used to seal the bottom of the chamber body 111. After being connected, the pressure chamber is formed, so that a closed space is formed inside the pressure chamber. The bushing 112 and the chamber body 111 may be connected by a flange.
[0037] It should be noted that the above-mentioned seawater injection port 1111 can be set on the top of the cabin body 111, and the seawater injection port 1111 extends in the vertical direction to connect the inner and outer sides of the pressure cabin.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, drill rod connection holes are provided on both the cabin 111 and the bushing 112. For example, the drill rod connection hole provided on the top of the cabin 111 can be referred to as the first drill rod connection hole, and the drill rod connection hole provided on the bushing 112 can be referred to as the second drill rod connection hole.
[0039] The first drill rod connection hole can be set at the top center of the cabin body 111 and extend in the vertical direction. The top of the simulated drill rod 140 can pass through the first drill rod connection hole upward and out of the pressure cabin. The second drill rod connection hole can be set at the center of the bushing 112 and extend in the vertical direction. In the vertical direction, the axes of the first drill rod connection hole and the second drill rod connection hole coincide. The bottom of the simulated drill rod 140 can pass through the second drill rod connection hole downward and out of the pressure cabin.
[0040] In order to ensure that the pressure chamber remains airtight after the simulated drill rod 140 is installed, a sealing gasket can be set on the outside of the part where the simulated drill rod 140 is connected to the pressure chamber. The sealing gasket is squeezed between the outside of the simulated drill rod 140 and the inner wall of the corresponding drill rod connecting hole to achieve sealing of the pressure chamber.
[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first hydraulic system 200 includes a reversing valve group, a pilot oil supply pipeline, a first hydraulic oil supply pipeline and a cylinder 210 .
[0042] The working oil port of the pilot oil supply pipeline is connected to the control end of the reversing valve group, and the pilot oil supply pipeline is used to switch the reversing valve group between the first working state and the second working state. The first hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210 through the reversing valve group.
[0043] When the reversing valve group works in the first working state, the reversing valve group only conducts the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210 with the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline supplies oil to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210, pushing the piston rod of the oil cylinder 210 to extend, thereby controlling the gate to open. When the reversing valve group works in the second working state, the reversing valve group only conducts the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210 with the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline supplies oil to the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210, pushing the piston rod of the oil cylinder 210 to retract, thereby controlling the gate to close.
[0044] In a further embodiment, the pilot oil supply pipeline includes a pilot oil source, a pilot oil pump (not shown in the figure, the pilot oil pump may be located on the pipeline between the pilot oil source and the solenoid reversing valve 222) and the solenoid reversing valve 222, the reversing valve group includes a second reversing valve 231 and a third reversing valve 232, and the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline may include a first hydraulic oil source and a first hydraulic oil pump 242.
[0045] The pilot oil source may be a pilot oil tank 221, and the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 may be a three-position four-way reversing valve, including an oil inlet, an oil return port, and two working oil ports. The second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232 may both be two-position three-way reversing valves, including a pilot oil port, an oil inlet, an oil return port, and a working oil port. The first hydraulic oil source may be a first hydraulic oil tank 241.
[0046] The pilot oil tank 221 is connected to the oil inlet and oil return port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 through pipelines, the working oil port on the left side of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is connected to the pilot oil port of the second reversing valve 231, and the working oil port on the right side of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is connected to the pilot oil port of the third reversing valve 232. The outlet end of the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the oil inlets of the second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232, respectively, and the oil return ports of the second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232 are both connected to the first hydraulic oil tank 241. The working oil port of the second reversing valve 231 is connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210, and the working oil port of the third reversing valve 232 is connected to the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210. The actuator end of the oil cylinder 210 is connected to the gate drive part of the blowout preventer 120.
[0047] like Figure 1As shown, when the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 works in the middle position, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is closed, and the pilot oil cannot be supplied to the working oil ports of the second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232, so that the second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232 are both kept in place, that is, the oil inlets of the second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232 are both closed, and the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline cannot supply oil to the cylinder 210 through the second reversing valve 231 and the third reversing valve 232.
[0048] When the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is switched to the first working position, that is, switched to the left position, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is connected to the working oil port on the left, and the working oil port on the right is connected to the oil return port. At this time, the pilot oil pump delivers the pilot oil in the pilot oil tank 221 to the pilot oil port of the second reversing valve 231, so that the second reversing valve 231 is reversed, that is, the oil inlet of the second reversing valve 231 is connected to the working oil port, and the third reversing valve 232 remains in the original position, and the working oil port of the third reversing valve 232 is connected to the oil return port. Then, the first hydraulic oil pump 242 of the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline delivers the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 241 to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210, pushing the piston of the oil cylinder 210 to move rightward, the piston rod extends, and the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210 flows back to the pilot oil tank 221 through the working oil port and the oil return port of the third reversing valve 232.
[0049] When the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is switched to the second working position, that is, switched to the right position, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is connected to the working oil port on the right side, and the working oil port on the left side is connected to the oil return port. At this time, the pilot oil pump delivers the pilot oil in the pilot oil tank 221 to the pilot oil port of the third reversing valve 232, so that the third reversing valve 232 is reversed, that is, the oil inlet of the third reversing valve 232 is connected to the working oil port, while the second reversing valve 231 remains in the original position, and the working oil port of the second reversing valve 231 is connected to the oil return port. Then, the first hydraulic oil pump 242 of the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline delivers the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 241 to the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210, pushing the piston of the oil cylinder 210 to move to the left, the piston rod is retracted, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210 flows back to the pilot oil tank 221 through the working oil port and the oil return port of the second reversing valve 231.
[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second hydraulic system 300 includes a water tank 310, a seawater supply pipeline, and a first overflow pipeline.
[0051] The water tank 310 is used to contain seawater, the liquid inlet end of the seawater supply pipeline is connected to the water tank 310, and the liquid outlet end of the seawater supply pipeline is connected to the seawater injection port 1111 of the cabin 111. The first filter 321, the water pump 322 and the first check valve 323 are sequentially connected in series from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the seawater supply pipeline, and the conduction direction of the first check valve 323 is from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end.
[0052] The liquid inlet end of the first overflow pipeline is connected to the seawater supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the first check valve 323. The liquid outlet end of the first overflow pipeline is connected to the water tank 310. The first overflow valve 331, the first cooler 332 and the second filter 333 are connected in series in sequence from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the first overflow pipeline.
[0053] During the experiment, the relief pressure of the first relief valve 331 is adjusted to be equal to the deep sea water pressure, for example, 70 MPa, and then the water pump 322 is turned on to add sea water into the pressure chamber. When the water pressure is too high, the first relief valve 331 is opened to return the excess sea water to the water tank 310. The first filter 321, the second filter 333 and the first cooler 332 are used to filter and cool the sea water.
[0054] In addition, a first accumulator 340 is connected to the seawater supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the first one-way valve 323. The first accumulator 340 is used as an auxiliary power source to maintain constant pressure. The above operation completes the simulation of the deep sea environment in the pressure chamber.
[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the third hydraulic system 400 includes a second hydraulic oil tank 410 , a second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and a second overflow pipeline.
[0056] The liquid inlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil tank 410, and the liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the bottom of the simulated drill rod 140. The third filter 421, the second hydraulic oil pump 422 and the second one-way valve 423 are sequentially connected in series from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the conduction direction of the second one-way valve 423 is from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline.
[0057] The inlet end of the second overflow pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the second check valve 423. The outlet end of the second overflow pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil tank 410. The second overflow valve 431, the second cooler 432 and the fourth filter 433 are connected in series in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end on the second overflow pipeline.
[0058] During the experiment, the relief pressure of the second relief valve 431 is adjusted. When the hydraulic oil pressure exceeds the relief pressure, the second relief valve 431 opens to return the excess hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic oil tank 410. The second cooler 432 and the fourth filter 433 are used to cool and filter the hydraulic oil.
[0059] In addition, a second accumulator 440 is connected to the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the second one-way valve 423. The second accumulator 440 is used as an auxiliary power source to supplement leakage and maintain constant pressure. Through the above operation, the simulation of the high-pressure oil environment is completed in the blowout preventer 120 and the watertight pipe 130.
[0060] In addition, a third accumulator 250 is connected to the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline. The connection point of the third accumulator 250 is located on the downstream side of the first hydraulic oil pump 242. The third accumulator 250 serves as an auxiliary power source to supplement leakage and maintain constant pressure.
[0061] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for testing the sealing performance of a blowout preventer in a simulated deep-sea complex environment, the method comprising the following steps: Step S100, controlling the second hydraulic system 300 to inject seawater into the pressure chamber and controlling the third hydraulic system 400 to inject high-pressure oil into the simulated drill rod 140; Step S200, controlling the first hydraulic system 200 to reciprocately open and close the gate of the blowout preventer 120; Step S300, collecting the flow rate of the high-pressure oil in the oil return pipe when the gate is opened and closed; Step S400: based on the flow rate of the high-pressure oil in the oil return pipe, verify the opening and closing performance of the gate after repeated opening and closing.
[0062] Specifically, when testing the opening and closing performance of the blowout preventer 120, the first check valve 323 of the second hydraulic system 300 is opened, the water pump 322 is a high-pressure pump, and the high-pressure seawater is injected into the pressure chamber. The first overflow pipeline is used to maintain the minimum load. When the water pressure is too high, the first overflow valve 331 is opened to send the excess seawater back to the water tank 310. The second filter 333 and the first cooler 332 are used to filter and cool the seawater. The first accumulator 340 is used as an auxiliary power source to supplement the leakage and maintain constant pressure. Through the above operations, the simulation of the deep sea environment is completed in the pressure chamber.
[0063] Then, the second one-way valve 423 of the third hydraulic system 400 is opened, and the second hydraulic oil pump 422 is a high-pressure pump. The second hydraulic oil pump 422 injects high-pressure oil into the simulated drill pipe 140, and the high-pressure oil enters the blowout preventer 120 and the water-proof pipe 130 through the hole 141. The second overflow pipeline is used to maintain the minimum load. When the oil pressure is too high, the second overflow valve 431 is opened to send the excess oil back to the second hydraulic oil tank 410. The fourth filter 433 and the second cooler 432 are used to filter and cool the oil. The second accumulator 440 is used as an auxiliary power source to supplement the leakage and maintain constant pressure. Through the above operations, the simulation of the high-pressure oil environment is completed in the blowout preventer 120 and the water-proof pipe 130.
[0064] Then, the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is switched to the first working position, that is, when it is switched to the left position, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is connected to the working oil port on the left, and the working oil port on the right is connected to the return oil port. At this time, the pilot oil pump delivers the pilot oil in the pilot oil tank 221 to the pilot oil port of the second reversing valve 231, so that the second reversing valve 231 is reversed, that is, the oil inlet of the second reversing valve 231 is connected to the working oil port, and the third reversing valve 232 remains in the original position, and the working oil port of the third reversing valve 232 is connected to the return oil port. Then, the first hydraulic oil pump 242 of the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline delivers the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 241 to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210, pushing the piston of the oil cylinder 210 to move rightward, the piston rod extends, and the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210 flows back to the pilot oil tank 221 through the working oil port and the return oil port of the third reversing valve 232.
[0065] When the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is switched to the second working position, that is, switched to the right position, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 222 is connected to the working oil port on the right side, and the working oil port on the left side is connected to the oil return port. At this time, the pilot oil pump delivers the pilot oil in the pilot oil tank 221 to the pilot oil port of the third reversing valve 232, so that the third reversing valve 232 is reversed, that is, the oil inlet of the third reversing valve 232 is connected to the working oil port, while the second reversing valve 231 remains in the original position, and the working oil port of the second reversing valve 231 is connected to the oil return port. Then, the first hydraulic oil pump 242 of the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline delivers the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 241 to the rod chamber of the oil cylinder 210, pushing the piston of the oil cylinder 210 to move to the left, the piston rod is retracted, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder 210 flows back to the pilot oil tank 221 through the working oil port and the oil return port of the second reversing valve 231.
[0066] The above operation is performed reciprocally, causing the piston to reciprocate, thereby driving the gate to open and close repeatedly.
[0067] When the gate of the blowout preventer 120 is closed, the oil flow recorded by the flow meter 520 will decrease. When the gate of the blowout preventer 120 is opened, the oil flow recorded by the flow meter 520 will increase. By observing the size of the oil flow and the increase and decrease rate of the oil flow, the opening and closing performance of the blowout preventer 120 tested after repeated closing and opening is verified. In addition, tracer particles are added to the high-pressure oil, and the opening and closing performance of the blowout preventer 120 tested is further verified by detecting the tracer particle concentration of seawater in the high-pressure chamber.
[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a complex deep-sea environment, characterized in that: include: A deep sea environment simulation system (100), the deep sea environment simulation system (100) comprising a sealed pressure chamber and a blowout preventer (120), a watertight riser (130) and a simulated drill pipe (140) arranged in the pressure chamber, the pressure chamber being provided with a seawater injection port (1111) for seawater to enter, both ends of the simulated drill pipe (140) being sealedly connected to the pressure chamber, and both ends of the simulated drill pipe (140) being connected to the outside of the pressure chamber, the blowout preventer (120) and the watertight riser (130) being connected to the outside of the pressure chamber, 30) is sleeved on the outside of the simulated drill pipe (140), the bottom of the blowout preventer (120) is connected to the inner bottom of the pressure chamber, the watertight riser (130) is arranged between the top of the blowout preventer (120) and the inner top of the pressure chamber, and the portion of the simulated drill pipe (140) corresponding to the blowout preventer (120) and the position corresponding to the watertight riser (130) are provided with a hole (141), and the hole (141) connects the inner and outer sides of the simulated drill pipe (140); A first hydraulic system (200), wherein an actuator end of the first hydraulic system (200) is connected to the blowout preventer (120) to drive the opening and closing of a gate of the blowout preventer (120); a second hydraulic system (300), wherein a liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic system (300) is connected to the seawater injection port (1111); a third hydraulic system (400), wherein a fluid outlet end of the third hydraulic system (400) is connected to the bottom of the simulated drill rod (140); A monitoring system (500) comprising an oil return pipe, a throttle valve (510) and a flow meter (520); the oil inlet end of the oil return pipe is connected to the top end of the simulated drill pipe (140); the throttle valve (510) and the flow meter (520) are connected in series on the oil return pipe, and the flow meter (520) is located on the downstream side of the throttle valve (510).
2. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure chamber comprises: A cabin (111), wherein the interior of the cabin (111) is hollow and the bottom is open; A bushing (112) is used to seal the cabin body (111) and is detachably connected to the bottom of the cabin body (111).
3. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cabin body (111) and the bushing (112) are both provided with drill rod connection holes, and the two drill rod connection holes are coaxially arranged, and the top and bottom ends of the simulated drill rod (140) are passed through the corresponding drill rod connection holes to the outside of the pressure cabin.
4. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first hydraulic system (200) comprises: Directional valve group; A pilot oil supply pipeline, wherein the working oil port of the pilot oil supply pipeline is connected to the control end of the reversing valve group, and the pilot oil supply pipeline is at least used to switch the reversing valve group between a first working state and a second working state; a first hydraulic oil supply pipeline connected to an oil inlet of the reversing valve group; An oil cylinder (210), wherein the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (210) are respectively connected to the two working oil ports of the reversing valve group; when the reversing valve group is working in the first working state, the reversing valve group only conducts the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (210) and the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline; when the reversing valve group is working in the second working state, the reversing valve group only conducts the rod chamber of the oil cylinder (210) and the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline.
5. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pilot oil supply pipeline comprises a pilot oil source and an electromagnetic reversing valve (222); the reversing valve group comprises a second reversing valve (231) and a third reversing valve (232); The oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve (222) is connected to the pilot oil source, the two working oil ports of the electromagnetic reversing valve (222) are respectively connected to the pilot oil ports of the second reversing valve (231) and the third reversing valve (232), the oil inlets of the second reversing valve (231) and the third reversing valve (232) are both connected to the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline, the working oil port of the second reversing valve (231) is connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (210), and the working oil port of the third reversing valve (232) is connected to the rod chamber of the oil cylinder (210); When the electromagnetic reversing valve (222) is switched to the first working position, the electromagnetic reversing valve (222) conducts the pilot oil source and the pilot oil port of the second reversing valve (231), and the second reversing valve (231) conducts the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (210); when the electromagnetic reversing valve (222) is switched to the second working position, the electromagnetic reversing valve (222) conducts the pilot oil source and the pilot oil port of the third reversing valve (232), and the third reversing valve (232) conducts the first hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the rod chamber of the oil cylinder (210).
6. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second hydraulic system (300) comprises: Water tank (310); a seawater supply pipeline, wherein the liquid inlet end of the seawater supply pipeline is connected to the water tank (310), the liquid outlet end of the seawater supply pipeline is connected to the seawater injection port (1111), and a water pump (322) and a first one-way valve (323) are sequentially arranged from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the seawater supply pipeline; A first overflow pipeline, wherein a liquid inlet end of the first overflow pipeline is connected to the seawater supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the first one-way valve (323); a liquid outlet end of the first overflow pipeline is connected to the water tank (310); and a first overflow valve (331) is provided on the first overflow pipeline.
7. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The third hydraulic system (400) comprises: Second hydraulic oil tank; a second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, wherein a liquid inlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil tank (410), a liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline is connected to the bottom end of the simulated drill rod (140), and a second hydraulic oil pump (422) and a second one-way valve (423) are sequentially arranged from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end of the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline; A second overflow pipeline, wherein the liquid inlet end of the second overflow pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the connection point is located on the downstream side of the second one-way valve (423); the liquid outlet end of the second overflow pipeline is connected to the second hydraulic oil tank (410); and a second overflow valve (431) is provided on the second overflow pipeline.
8. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device for simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The first hydraulic oil supply pipeline, the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline and the seawater supply pipeline are all connected with accumulators.
9. The blowout preventer sealing performance test device simulating a deep sea complex environment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The first overflow pipeline and the second overflow pipeline are both provided with coolers, and the upstream ends of the seawater supply pipeline and the second hydraulic oil supply pipeline, and the downstream ends of the first overflow pipeline and the second overflow pipeline are both provided with filters.
10. A method for testing the sealing performance of a blowout preventer in a simulated deep-sea complex environment, based on the test device for testing the sealing performance of a blowout preventer in a simulated deep-sea complex environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method includes: Controlling the second hydraulic system (300) to inject seawater into the pressure chamber and controlling the third hydraulic system (400) to inject high-pressure oil into the simulated drill rod (140); Controlling the first hydraulic system (200) to reciprocately open and close the gate of the blowout preventer (120); Collect the flow rate of the high-pressure oil in the oil return pipe when the gate is opened and closed; Based on the flow rate of the high-pressure oil in the oil return pipe, the opening and closing performance of the gate after repeated opening and closing is verified.