Quick-acting mechanical switch and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-acting mechanical switch and a control method thereof. The quick-acting mechanical switch comprises: a closed housing; -a vacuum arc extinguish chamber; the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is positioned below the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and is provided with a first repulsion unit and a second repulsion unit; the first repulsion unit is electrically connected with the first electric terminal; a second repulsive force unit electrically connected to a second electrical terminal independent of the first electrical terminal, comprising a third repulsive force disc located below and spaced apart from the second repulsive force disc, the second electrical terminal being configured to control the third repulsive force disc in response to operation of the first repulsive force unit; therefore, the third repulsive force disc applies resistance to the second repulsive force disc when the second repulsive force disc moves downwards for opening and applies assistance to the second repulsive force disc when the second repulsive force disc moves upwards for closing. The quick-acting mechanical switch is allowed to be operated in a more efficient mode with a longer product service life, higher control precision and lower control difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage switchgear for distribution networks, and in particular to a fast-acting mechanical switch and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the increasingly advanced power electronics technology, DC transmission technology has been increasingly promoted and applied in countries and regions such as Europe, North America, and China. With the commissioning of a large number of DC projects, the control, protection, fault, and reliability of DC transmission have become increasingly important.

[0003] When a fault occurs in a DC transmission system, a large short-circuit current will be generated, and the fault current rises very quickly, so the DC circuit breaker needs to be disconnected as soon as possible. However, the existing mechanical switch operating mechanisms of circuit breakers are mostly spring operating mechanisms and hydraulic operating mechanisms, which have a long disconnection time and cannot be opened in a short time, and cannot meet the time requirements for switch opening and closing.

[0004] The utility model patent application with publication number CN204332796U discloses an ultra-high-speed mechanical switch, in which the moving disk of the mechanical switch drives the switch rod to perform opening and closing movements, thereby compressing the gas in a sealed cavity on one side of the movement direction. Due to the through-holes that penetrate the inside and outside of the sealed cavity and are arranged on the peripheral wall of the sealing cavity at the opening and closing positions or near the opening and closing positions, the compressed gas is discharged from the through-holes, which greatly reduces the reaction force of the compressed gas on the moving disk, allowing the switch rod to open and close at high speed. When the moving disk is about to move to the opening and closing positions, the outer periphery of the moving disk will gradually block the through-holes on the peripheral wall of the sealing cavity, and the amount of compressed gas discharged from the through-holes will gradually decrease, the gas pressure will increase unprecedentedly, and the reaction force on the moving disk will increase sharply, thereby effectively buffering the moving disk.

[0005] In practice, it is found that the operating mechanism in the above-mentioned ultra-high-speed mechanical switch has a large response time dispersion and a long opening and closing time due to the large number of action links and the large cumulative motion tolerance, and is easily affected by its own characteristics and fails. For this reason, with the development of electronic control technology, electronic operating mechanisms have emerged, especially after the emergence of new permanent magnetic operating mechanisms, the electronic operation theory has been widely practiced and applied in electrical switches. The permanent magnetic operating mechanism has many advantages, such as simple transmission parts, fast movement speed, and good controllability. To a certain extent, it adapts to the new requirements of the development of modern power systems. At the same time, the research on another electronic operating mechanism, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, has also quietly emerged at home and abroad. Due to its simple structure, short mechanical delay time, fast initial movement speed, and good controllability, it has attracted great attention in the research of fast switches.

[0006] It is known that a metal repulsion disk made of aluminum alloy can be used, and a moving contact is connected to the metal repulsion disk through a connecting rod, such as a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber disclosed in a Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN1 07481889A, in which a conductive rod is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic repulsion disk, and a switch-off drive coil and a switch-on drive coil are arranged on both sides of the electromagnetic repulsion disk, respectively, and a switch-off drive coil and a switch-on drive coil are built in respectively. Through the operation of the two coils, a repulsive force is generated between the coil and the electromagnetic repulsion disk, and then the electromagnetic repulsion disk reciprocates along the moving conductive rod between the two coils, and then drives the moving contact to perform switch-off and switch-off movements. However, due to its fast movement speed, the electromagnetic repulsion disk will correspondingly impact the structure where the coil is located at the end of the movement, so that the electromagnetic repulsion disk and the structure where the coil is located will be subjected to a large impact, thereby causing the electromagnetic repulsion disk and the coil to be prone to cracking and damage, thereby reducing the reliability of the product. Furthermore, since the metal repulsion disk made of aluminum alloy generates eddy current in the drive coil to drive the metal repulsion disk to work, a large amount of electrical energy in this type of fast actuator is converted into useless heat energy and dissipated, resulting in low driving efficiency, limited closing and opening speed, and limited service life. Furthermore, this type of battery repulsion mechanism also has many shortcomings such as low control accuracy and great control difficulty.

[0007] Therefore, there is a technical demand in the art to propose new solutions that allow for faster-acting mechanical switches with higher efficiency, longer product life cycles, higher control accuracy, and lower control difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0008] Therefore, the task of the present invention is to provide a snap-action mechanical switch and a control method thereof, thereby overcoming the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fast-acting mechanical switch, which comprises: - a closed housing; - a vacuum arc chamber, wherein a fixed static contact and a moving contact capable of slidingly engaging relative thereto are arranged in the vacuum arc chamber, wherein the static contact is connected to a first busbar row protruding out of the housing and the moving contact is connected to a second busbar row protruding out of the housing; - an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism located below the vacuum arc chamber, which is fixedly connected to the vacuum arc chamber via a transmission rod, wherein the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism comprises: - a first repulsion unit electrically connected to the first electrical terminal, which comprises a fixed first repulsion disk and a moving contact located below the first repulsion disk; - a second repulsion disk disposed on the opposite side and separated from the second repulsion disk, wherein the second repulsion disk is fixedly connected to the transmission rod via a driving rod passing through the first repulsion disk to drive the vacuum interrupter to open or close; - a second repulsion unit electrically connected to a second electrical terminal independent of the first electrical terminal, comprising a third repulsion disk located below the second repulsion disk and separated from the second repulsion disk, wherein the second electrical terminal is constructed to control the current supplied to the third repulsion disk in response to the operation of the first repulsion unit, so that the third repulsion disk applies resistance to the second repulsion disk when it is moving downward to open the circuit and applies assistance to the second repulsion disk when it is moving upward to close the circuit.

[0010] Therefore, unlike the prior art, the present invention adopts a repulsion disk-repulsion disk structure with a coil as the driving structure of the repulsion mechanism, which has higher driving efficiency, higher control accuracy and lower control difficulty than the coil-metal disk structure; and reduces the size of the driving component and the motion inertia of the fast-moving repulsion unit to protect the components of the repulsion mechanism and extend the life of the repulsion mechanism. The repulsion disk that is independently energized by the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal is used to form a bidirectional repulsion structure, which helps to improve the rapidity of closing and opening the switch.

[0011] As a preferred aspect, the first repulsion disk, the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk each include a disk-shaped frame and a first repulsion coil and a second repulsion coil fixed on both axial sides of the frame, wherein the first repulsion coil has an input end and the second repulsion coil has an output end.

[0012] As a preferred aspect, the outlet end of the first repulsion disk and the input end of the second repulsion disk are connected in series to the first electrical terminal to form a series circuit therebetween, so that the current flow direction of the repulsion coil in the first repulsion disk is opposite to the current flow direction of the repulsion coil in the second repulsion disk and a repulsive force is generated between the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk.

[0013] As a preferred aspect, the outlet end of the first repulsion disk and the inlet end of the second repulsion disk are respectively connected in parallel to the first electrical terminal to form a parallel loop with opposite current directions therebetween, thereby generating repulsion between the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk.

[0014] As a preferred aspect, the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal are both constructed to be connected in series with an energy storage capacitor and a current limiting resistor and have an operating switch capable of controlling the current conduction of the repulsion disk.

[0015] As a preferred aspect, the inner wall of the vacuum interrupter is provided with a bellows sleeved on the outside of the transmission rod, wherein one end of the bellows is airtightly connected to the end of the vacuum interrupter to always achieve airtightness of the vacuum interrupter.

[0016] As a preferred aspect, it also includes a retaining mechanism pivotally connected to the drive rod between the vacuum arc chamber and the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, which includes: - a slider capable of sliding between a retaining position and a retracted position; - a connecting rod pivotally connected to the drive rod, the other end of which is pivotally connected to the slider, wherein the slider in the retaining position presses the connecting rod against its upper dead point or lower dead point, and the slider in the retracted position allows the connecting rod to pivot relative to the drive rod; - a compression spring biasing the slider toward its retaining position.

[0017] As a preferred aspect, it further includes a buffer plate attached to the lower portion of the second repulsion plate, which is configured to avoid a hard impact between the second repulsion plate and the third repulsion plate during a descending process.

[0018] As another aspect of the present invention, it also relates to a control method for a fast-acting mechanical switch, characterized in that it includes the following steps: when performing a switch-off operation, a. enabling the first electrical terminal to supply power to the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk and disabling the third repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk are opposite; b. after discharging for a first time period, the first repulsion disk pushes the second repulsion disk based on the electromagnetic repulsion force to drive the transmission rod to accelerate downward; c. after the first electrical terminal discharges for a second time period, enabling the second electrical terminal to supply power to the third repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the third repulsion disk and the first repulsion disk are opposite, and the second repulsion disk decelerates and descends under the combined force of the first repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk until it passes a predetermined position at a maximum speed; d. maintaining discharge through the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal until the third time period, so that the second repulsion disk stops its downward movement above the third repulsion disk.

[0019] As a preferred aspect, the method further includes causing the second repulsion disk to move further downward by a holding mechanism until the connecting rod pivotally connected to the driving rod is held at its bottom dead center position.

[0020] As a preferred aspect, when performing a closing operation, a. the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal are enabled to supply power to the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk respectively and the first repulsion disk is disabled, wherein the current flows in the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk are opposite; b. after discharging for a first time period, the third repulsion disk pushes the second repulsion disk based on the electromagnetic repulsion force to drive the transmission rod to accelerate upward; c. after the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal are discharged for a second time period, the first electrical terminal is enabled to supply power to the first repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk are opposite, and the second repulsion disk decelerates upward under the combined force of the first repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk until it passes the predetermined position at the maximum speed; d. the discharge is maintained through the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal until the third time period, so that the second repulsion disk stops the upward movement below the first repulsion disk.

[0021] As a preferred aspect, the method further includes causing the second repulsion disk to move further upward by a holding mechanism until the connecting rod pivotally connected to the driving rod is held at its top dead center position.

[0022] Some of the other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading this application, and the other parts will be described in the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a snap-action mechanical switch according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is another perspective view of a snap-action mechanical switch according to the present invention, wherein an outer housing of the snap-action mechanical switch is removed to better illustrate its internal structure;

[0026] Figure 3 is an exploded view of a snap-action mechanical switch according to the present invention, wherein the internal structure thereof is better shown;

[0027] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a snap-action mechanical switch according to the present invention, wherein the snap-action mechanical switch is in a closed state;

[0028] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a snap-action mechanical switch according to the present invention, wherein the snap-action mechanical switch is in an open state;

[0029] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a power supply device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of repulsion discs during a gate opening operation according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a timing diagram of a control method for a snap-action mechanical switch according to the present invention.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 100. Snap-action mechanical switch; 11. First busbar; 12. Second busbar;

[0034] 121, moving end; 122, static end; 13, outer shell; 131, upper cover;

[0035] 132, bottom cover; 14, vacuum interrupter; 14A, static contact; 14B, moving contact;

[0036] 141. bellows; 142. transmission rod; 15. electric wire; 16. driving rod;

[0037] 20. Electromagnetic repulsion mechanism; 20A. First repulsion unit; 20B. Second repulsion unit;

[0038] 21, first repulsion disk; 21A, first input end; 21B, first output end;

[0039] 22, second repulsion disk; 22A, second input end; 22B, second output end;

[0040] 23, third repulsion disk; 23A, third input terminal; 23B, third output terminal;

[0041] 24. stroke limiter; 25. buffer plate; 26A. first electrical terminal;

[0042] 26B, second electrical terminal; 30, holding mechanism; 31, connecting rod; 32, slider;

[0043] 33. Keep the spring; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Now, with reference to the accompanying drawings, schematic schemes of the snap-action mechanical switch and the control method thereof disclosed in the present invention are described in detail. Although the accompanying drawings are provided to present some embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings do not have to be drawn according to the dimensions of the specific embodiments, and certain features may be enlarged, removed or partially cut away to better illustrate and explain the disclosure of the present invention. Some components in the accompanying drawings may be repositioned according to actual needs without affecting the technical effect. The phrase "in the accompanying drawings" or similar terms appearing in the specification do not necessarily refer to all drawings or examples.

[0045] Certain directional terms used to describe the drawings below, such as "inside", "outside", "above", "below" and other directional terms, will be understood to have their normal meanings and refer to those directions involved when the drawings are normally viewed. Unless otherwise specified, the directional terms described in this specification are basically in accordance with the conventional directions understood by those skilled in the art.

[0046] The terms "first", "first", "second", "second" and the like used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are used to distinguish one component from other components.

[0047] In order to further understand the purpose, structure, characteristics, and functions of the present invention, it is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0048] As the present invention Figure 1-5 As shown, the snap-action mechanical switch 100 according to the present invention can be used in a power distribution network in an industrial park, for example. When a fault occurs in the power distribution network and the influence of the faulty part on the operation of other electrical equipment in the park needs to be cut off as soon as possible, the ultra-fast breaking capability of the snap-action mechanical switch 100 in the present invention is utilized to achieve the purpose of quickly isolating the fault.

[0049] Figures 1 to 3 1 shows a three-dimensional perspective view of a snap-action mechanical switch 100 according to the present invention in different states, wherein the snap-action mechanical switch 100 includes a closed housing 13, in which Figure 3 As clearly shown in FIG. 1 , the housing 13 includes an upper cover 131 constituting the upper portion of the housing, a main body forming an internal chamber, and a bottom cover 132 constituting the lower portion of the housing, wherein the upper cover 131 and the bottom cover 132 can be fixedly connected to the main body of the housing by means of a plurality of fasteners so as to define a cavity therein capable of accommodating the following electrical device. Figure 3 As shown, vacuum interrupter chambers 14 are sequentially arranged in the cavity from top to bottom, wherein a fixed static contact 14A and a moving contact 14B slidably engaged relative thereto are arranged in the vacuum interrupter chamber 14, wherein the static contact 14A is connected to a first busbar 11 protruding from the housing 13 and the moving contact 14B is connected to a second busbar 12 protruding from the housing 13. In this embodiment, the first busbar 11 can be, for example, a high-voltage busbar and the second busbar 12 can be a grounding busbar, thereby allowing the fast-acting mechanical switch 100 to be connected to a power distribution network such as an industrial park by means of the first busbar 11 and the second busbar 12.

[0050] Preferably, if Figure 4-5As shown in FIG. 1 , a bellows 141 is provided on the inner wall of the vacuum interrupter 14 and is sleeved on the outer side of the transmission rod 142, wherein the upper end of the bellows 141 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 142 by means of a fastener such as a clamp and the other end thereof is airtightly connected to the end of the vacuum interrupter by means of a fastener such as a clamp. In the present invention, by means of such a design, although the transmission rod 142 needs to freely move vertically up and down relative to the vacuum interrupter 14, since the bellows 141 with an airtight function is provided between the two, it can be ensured that the inside of the vacuum interrupter 14 is always airtightly isolated from the outside during the operation of the transmission rod 142 driving the moving contact 14B to open and close the switch, so that the arc formed between the moving contact 14B and the static contact 14A will not propagate to the outside of the vacuum interrupter 14, thereby greatly improving the application range of the fast-acting mechanical switch and the service life of the components, and ensuring the safety of the electrical equipment during use.

[0051] It is also conceivable that a magnetic field generating device is preferably provided outside the vacuum interrupter 14, so that a longitudinal magnetic field is generated in the vacuum interrupter along the axial direction of the vacuum interrupter 14 and parallel to the axis of the moving contact 14B and the stationary contact 14A. In this way, the energy of the anode spots on the moving contact 14B and the stationary contact 14A can be reduced, thereby improving the breaking capacity of the fast-acting mechanical switch.

[0052] In order to achieve rapid opening and closing of the vacuum arc chamber 14, an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 20 is provided in the shell 13 and is located below the vacuum arc chamber 14, and is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 142 protruding through the vacuum arc chamber 14, wherein the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 20 has: - a first repulsion unit 20A electrically connected to the first electrical terminal 26A, wherein the first repulsion unit 20A includes a fixed first repulsion disk 21 and a second repulsion disk 22 located below and spaced apart from the first repulsion disk 21, wherein the second repulsion disk 22 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 142 via a drive rod 16 passing through the first repulsion disk 21 to drive the vacuum arc chamber 14 to open or close, wherein a reset spring is also provided below the drive rod 16 to bias it upward, thereby allowing the static contact 14A and the moving contact 14B to be maintained in an abutting relationship in the initial position. Further, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 20 also includes a second repulsion unit 20B electrically connected to a second electrical terminal 26B independent of the first electrical terminal 26A, which includes a third repulsion disk 23 located below and spaced apart from the second repulsion disk 22. As will be described in detail below, in the present invention, since the first electrical terminal 26A and the second electrical terminal 26B are both independent electrical circuits, the first electrical terminal 26A and the second electrical terminal 26B can be associated in terms of timing and other relationships by means of electrical design or logic programming, thereby allowing the second electrical terminal 26B to be constructed to control the third repulsion disk 23 in response to the operation of the first repulsion unit 20A, so that the third repulsion disk 23 applies resistance to the second repulsion disk 22 when it is opened downward and applies assistance to the second repulsion disk 22 when it is closed upward. In this article, the term "resistance" means that the direction of the force applied by the third repulsion disk 23 to the second repulsion disk 22 is opposite to its movement direction, and the term "assistance" means that the direction of the force applied by the third repulsion disk 23 to the second repulsion disk 22 is the same as its movement direction.

[0053] exist Figure 4-5The first repulsion disk 21, the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 of the present invention are better shown in the figure, wherein these repulsion disks all include a disk-shaped frame and a first repulsion coil and a second repulsion coil fixed on both sides of the axial direction of the frame, wherein the first repulsion coil has an access end 21A-23A and the second repulsion coil has an outlet end 21B-23B. Specifically, taking the first repulsion disk 21 as an example, the first repulsion disk 21 is provided with a central hole for the driving rod 16 to be freely moved in the up and down directions, and it includes a disk-shaped frame and a first repulsion coil and a second repulsion coil fixed on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the frame. Here, the frame can be, for example, a disk-shaped structure forged with 45# steel, and the first repulsion coil and the second repulsion coil can be of the same structure, and the axes of the two coils are substantially coincident with the axis of the center hole. An annular portion is provided in the frame for forming an installation ring groove for installing the first repulsion coil and the second repulsion coil, and the two annular portions are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the axial direction of the first repulsion disk 21. The mounting annular groove thus includes an inner groove wall close to the center hole, an upper groove wall and a lower groove wall respectively defined by the upper and lower annular parts, and an outer peripheral wall formed by the outer shell of the repulsion disk. The skeleton is provided with a first access end 21A and a first outlet end 21B for leading out the wire end of the repulsion coil, which are respectively located at the two ends of the skeleton diameter. Here, the first repulsion coil and the second repulsion coil are both tightly wound into a disc using copper flat wire, and are respectively placed in the mounting annular groove in a spaced manner for pre-fixation, and then the first repulsion coil and the second repulsion coil are packaged into one with the skeleton using a casting tool. When in use, by controlling the direction of the current in the first and second repulsion coils, repulsion is generated with the repulsion coils of the other repulsion disks that are paired with each other, thereby achieving the second repulsion disk 22 being applied with a boost or boost when it makes it reciprocate in the axial direction. Here, the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 can adopt the same structure as the first repulsion disk 21, which will not be repeated in this article. It should be pointed out that the second repulsion disk 22 has a driving rod 16 on its upper part that passes through the first repulsion disk 21 and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 142 to drive the vacuum arc chamber 14 to open or close, and has a buffer disk 25 attached to its lower part to avoid hard impact between the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 during the downward process, so as to prevent the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 from being too close or colliding when the holding mechanism fails, thereby causing failure or life impact of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 20.

[0054] Preferably, the repulsion coils in the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 in the first repulsion unit are selected to have higher driving efficiency. Two coil shape ratio parameters can be defined here to characterize the driving efficiency of the repulsion coil, α is the ratio of the coil height to the average diameter of the coil; β is the ratio of the radial thickness of the coil to the average diameter of the coil. Those skilled in the art can verify with the help of simulation and experiments that the smaller the shape ratio coefficient α of the coil and the larger β, the higher the driving efficiency of the repulsion mechanism. Therefore, the repulsion coil of the first repulsion unit selects the coil specification with the shape ratio parameter α as small as possible and β as large as possible under the technical conditions. In order to maximize the driving efficiency, the outer dimensions of the repulsion coil in the first repulsion disk 21 are kept consistent with the repulsion coil in the second repulsion disk 22.

[0055] In order to enable the first repulsion disk 21 to apply assistance or assistance to the second repulsion disk 22 when it makes reciprocating motion in the axial direction, for example, the outlet 21B of the first repulsion disk 21 and the access end 22A of the second repulsion disk 22 can be connected in series to the first electrical terminal 26A to form a series circuit between the two. Since the current will return from the outlet 21B of the first repulsion disk 21 to flow into the second repulsion disk 22, the current flow direction of the repulsion coil in the first repulsion disk 21 and the current flow direction of the repulsion coil in the second repulsion disk 22 are opposite and repulsion force is always generated between the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22. Since the first repulsion disk 21 is always located above the second repulsion disk 22, the repulsion force is used for assistance when the second repulsion disk 22 moves downward to open the switch and is used for assistance when the second repulsion disk 22 moves upward to close the switch. In this circuit connection method, the terminals in the first electrical terminal 26A can be located on one side of the housing 13, for example, Figure 3 Of course, it is also conceivable that the outlet 21B of the first repulsion disk 21 and the inlet 22A of the second repulsion disk are respectively connected in parallel to the first electrical terminal 26A to form a parallel circuit with opposite current directions between the two, thereby generating a repulsive force between the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22. At this time, the terminals of the first electrical terminal 26A are respectively located on both sides of the housing, so that when the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 are connected in parallel, they are reversely connected to each other in terms of the current flow direction of the first electrical terminal 26A.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, a second electrical terminal 26B is disposed adjacent to but spaced from the first electrical terminal 26A, so that the two are electrically independent. The second electrical terminal 26B supplies power to a third repulsion disk 23 located below and spaced from the second repulsion disk 22, so that when the second electrical terminal 26B is activated, the third repulsion disk 23 can also apply a force to the second repulsion disk 22 and form a second repulsion unit 20B between the two. Here, for example, Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the first electrical terminal 26A and the second electrical terminal 26B are both configured to be connected in series with an energy storage capacitor C, a current limiting resistor R and an operating switch S capable of controlling the current conduction of the repulsion disk. Thus, the function of selectively and sequentially supplying directional current to the first repulsion unit 20A and the second repulsion unit 20B via the first electrical terminal 26A and the second electrical terminal 26B is realized. Here, the energy storage capacitor C1 and the operating switch S1 are designed to supply directional current to at least one repulsion coil of the first repulsion unit 20A, and the energy storage capacitor C3 and the operating switch S3 are designed to supply directional current to at least one repulsion coil of the second repulsion unit 20B.

[0057] In order to meet different opening and closing operation requirements, a travel limiter 24 is preferably provided below the third repulsion disk 23. Here, the travel limiter 24 is, for example, a circular disk that can be screwed into the bottom cover 132 at different depths, thereby enabling the third repulsion disk 23 to be tightened to different heights relative to the bottom cover 132, thereby adjusting the spacing of the third repulsion disk 23 relative to the first repulsion disk 21 (corresponding to the maximum vertical movement stroke of the second repulsion disk 22).

[0058] Preferably, the housing 13 further includes a holding mechanism 30 pivotally connected to the drive rod 16 between the vacuum interrupter 14 and the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 20, wherein the holding mechanism 30 is fixedly connected to the main body of the housing 13 and includes: a slider 32 that can slide between a holding position and a retracted position, a connecting rod 31 pivotally connected to the drive rod 16, and the other end of the connecting rod 31 is pivotally connected to the slider 32, wherein the slider in the holding position presses the connecting rod against its upper dead center (see Figure 4 ) or bottom dead center (see Figure 5 ), and the slider in the retracted position allows the connecting rod to pivot relative to the driving rod, and the compression spring 33 biases the slider 32 to its holding position. Therefore, in the snap-action mechanical switch of the present invention, the holding mechanism 30 is used to keep the moving contact 14B stable at the upper dead center or lower dead center position when closing and opening the switch, respectively, and the repulsion mechanism 20, as a driving part, can overcome the force of the holding mechanism 30 to push the driving rod 16 up and down. After the multiple repulsion coils in the first repulsion unit are connected with currents in opposite directions, repulsion forces are generated to move the driving rod 16 downward, pushing the switch to open so that the high-voltage bus and the grounding bus are turned off.

[0059] In order to further illustrate the principle and control method of the fast-acting mechanical switch provided by the embodiment of the present invention to realize the opening or closing operation, the following is a schematic diagram of the fast-acting mechanical switch provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6-8 The working process and control method are described in detail as follows:

[0060] In the attached Figure 6-8The circuit diagram and operation sequence diagram for the opening operation are described in the following, including:

[0061] exist Figure 6 The circuit diagram of the first electrical terminal 26A (upper figure) and the circuit diagram of the second electrical terminal 26B (lower figure) are shown in the figure, wherein the first electrical terminal 26A is connected in series to the energy storage capacitor C1, the current limiting resistor R1 and the operating switch S1 that controls the current conduction to the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22, which can supply power to the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22, and the second electrical terminal 26B is connected in series to the energy storage capacitor C3, the current limiting resistor R3 and the operating switch S3 that controls the current conduction to the third repulsion disk 23, which can supply power to the third repulsion disk 23. When the opening operation is required,

[0062] First, proceed to step a. Figure 8 From the time t0 in FIG. 1 , the first electrical terminal 26A is enabled to supply power to the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 (for example, the operating switch S1 is closed) and the third repulsion disk 23 is disabled (for example, the operating switch S3 is opened), wherein the current flows in the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 are opposite (for example, Figure 7 As shown, the current flows through the two repulsion coils in the first repulsion disk 21 in the direction inward along the paper surface, and flows through the two repulsion coils in the second repulsion disk 22 in the opposite direction, outward along the paper surface). This can be achieved, for example, by connecting the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 in series or connecting the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 in parallel. Although the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 have a certain repulsion force at this time, the second repulsion disk 22 is still kept stationary because the holding mechanism 30 has a considerable holding force, wherein step a is clearly shown in Figure 8 From t0 to t1 in the figure, the distance between the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 (corresponding to the distance between the moving contact 14B and the stationary contact 14A) is the largest. At this time, current has been passed through the first repulsion unit 20A, but current has not been passed through the second repulsion unit 20B.

[0063] b. After the first discharge time period to time t1, the electromagnetic repulsion force applied by the first repulsion disk 21 to the second repulsion disk 22 is sufficient to overcome the holding force of the holding mechanism 30, thereby pushing the second repulsion disk 22 to drive the transmission rod 142 to accelerate downward based on the electromagnetic repulsion force, wherein step b is clearly shown in Figure 8 From time t1 to time t2, the distance between the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 begins to decrease, at which time the current has been flowing through the first repulsion unit 20A, but the current has not been flowing through the second repulsion unit 20B;

[0064] c. After the first electrical terminal discharges for the second time period to time t2, the second electrical terminal 26B is enabled to supply power to the third repulsion disk 23, wherein the current flows in the third repulsion disk 23 and the second repulsion disk 22 in opposite directions (e.g. Figure 7 As shown, the current flows through the two repulsion coils in the second repulsion disk 22 in the direction outward along the paper surface, and at this time flows through the two repulsion coils in the third repulsion disk 23 in the opposite direction inward along the paper surface). The second repulsion disk 22 decelerates downward under the combined force of the first repulsion disk 21 and the third repulsion disk 23 until it passes the predetermined position at the maximum speed at time t3. Subsequently, due to the continuous discharge of the second electric terminal 26B, the electromagnetic force causes the second repulsion disk 22 to start to decelerate and continue to move downward, wherein step c is clearly shown in Figure 8 From time t2 to time t3, the distance between the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 continues to decrease, and at this time, current has been flowing through the first repulsion unit 20A, but current has also been flowing through the second repulsion unit 20B;

[0065] d. Discharge the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal to the third time period until time t4, and then operate switches S1 and S3 to open, so that the second repulsion disk 22 stops the downward movement above the third repulsion disk 23, wherein step d is clearly shown in Figure 8 From time t3 to time t4, the distance between the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 continues to decrease, and current flows through both the first repulsion unit 20A and the second repulsion unit 20B;

[0066] e. Since the second repulsion disk 22 is not completely at the bottom dead center of the driving rod 16, in order to prevent it from moving up and down, the compression spring 33 in the holding mechanism 30 forces the second repulsion disk 22 to move further downward until the connecting rod 31 pivotally connected to the driving rod 16 is held at its bottom dead center position at time t5, thereby completing the entire opening operation. At this time, the moving contact 14B is stably held in its opening position, wherein step e is clearly shown in Figure 8 From time t4 to t5, the distance between the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 is slowly reduced to a minimum distance, and at this time, neither the first repulsion unit 20A nor the second repulsion unit 20B carries current.

[0067] For the closing operation, the operation method is roughly the same as Figure 8 The timing shown in is the same, and the specific operations are as follows:

[0068] A1. Enable the first electrical terminal 26A and the second electrical terminal 26B to supply power to the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 respectively and disable the first repulsion disk 21, wherein the current flows in the second repulsion disk 22 and the third repulsion disk 23 are opposite;

[0069] B 1. After the first discharge period, the third repulsion disk 23 pushes the second repulsion disk 22 based on the electromagnetic repulsion force to drive the transmission rod 142 to accelerate upward;

[0070] C1. After the first electrical terminal 26A and the second electrical terminal 26B discharge for a second period of time, the first electrical terminal 26A is enabled to supply power to the first repulsion disk 21, wherein the current flows in the first repulsion disk 21 and the second repulsion disk 22 are opposite, and the second repulsion disk 22 decelerates upward under the combined force of the first repulsion disk 21 and the third repulsion disk 23 until it passes the predetermined position at the maximum speed;

[0071] D1. Discharge the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal to a third time period, so that the second repulsion disk stops moving upward below the first repulsion disk.

[0072] Finally, the second repulsion disk is urged further upward by the holding mechanism until the connecting rod pivotally connected to the driving rod is held at its top dead center position.

[0073] Alternatively, the first repulsion disk 21 may be always disabled, thereby ensuring that during the closing operation, the second repulsion disk 22 is only acted upon by the electromagnetic force of the third repulsion disk 23. This is beneficial because it ensures that the second repulsion disk 22 can move upward to the position in the shortest time, thereby improving the response speed of the snap-action mechanical switch.

[0074] As can be seen from the above, in the present invention, by adopting a coil-coil structure as the driving structure of the repulsion mechanism, it has higher driving efficiency, higher control accuracy and lower control difficulty than the coil-metal disk structure; and reduces the size of the driving component and the motion inertia of the fast-moving repulsion unit to protect the components of the repulsion mechanism and extend the life of the repulsion mechanism. A repulsion disk that is independently energized by the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal is used to form a bidirectional repulsion structure, which helps to improve the speed of closing and opening the switch; at the same time, a transverse insulating grid and an additional magnetic field distribution are used in the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber to enhance the arc extinguishing effect by lengthening the arc to enhance the cooling effect.

[0075] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0076] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and combinations made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A snap-action mechanical switch, characterized in that: include: - a closed housing; - a vacuum interrupter, wherein a stationary static contact and a movable contact capable of slidingly engaging relative thereto are arranged in the vacuum interrupter, wherein the stationary contact is connected to a first busbar protruding out of the housing and the movable contact is connected to a second busbar protruding out of the housing; - An electromagnetic repulsion mechanism located below the vacuum interrupter, which is fixedly connected to the vacuum interrupter via a transmission rod, wherein the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism has: - a first repulsion unit electrically connected to the first electrical terminal, comprising a first fixed repulsion disk and a second repulsion disk located below and spaced apart from the first repulsion disk, wherein the second repulsion disk is fixedly connected to the transmission rod via a driving rod passing through the first repulsion disk to drive the vacuum interrupter to open or close; - A second repulsion unit electrically connected to a second electrical terminal independent of the first electrical terminal, comprising a third repulsion disk located below and spaced apart from the second repulsion disk, wherein the second electrical terminal is configured to control the current supplied to the third repulsion disk in response to the operation of the first repulsion unit so that the third repulsion disk applies resistance to the second repulsion disk when the second repulsion disk moves downward to open the circuit and applies assistance to the second repulsion disk when the second repulsion disk moves upward to close the circuit.

2. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 1, wherein: The first repulsion disk, the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk all include a disk-shaped frame and a first repulsion coil and a second repulsion coil fixed on both axial sides of the frame, wherein the first repulsion coil has an input end and the second repulsion coil has an output end.

3. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 2, wherein: The outlet end of the first repulsion disk and the input end of the second repulsion disk are connected in series to the first electrical terminal to form a series circuit between the two, so that the current flow direction of the repulsion coil in the first repulsion disk and the current flow direction of the repulsion coil in the second repulsion disk are opposite and repulsion force is generated between the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk.

4. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 2, wherein: The outlet end of the first repulsion disk and the inlet end of the second repulsion disk are respectively connected in parallel to the first electrical terminal to form a parallel loop with opposite current directions between the two, thereby generating repulsion between the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk.

5. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 2, wherein: The first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal are both configured to be connected in series with an energy storage capacitor and a current limiting resistor and to be provided with an operating switch capable of controlling the current conduction of the repulsion disk.

6. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the vacuum interrupter is provided with a bellows sleeved on the outside of the transmission rod, wherein one end of the bellows is airtightly connected to the end of the vacuum interrupter to always achieve the airtightness of the vacuum interrupter.

7. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 1, wherein: Also included is a holding mechanism pivotally connected to the drive rod between the vacuum interrupter and the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, comprising: - a slider capable of sliding between a retaining position and a retracted position; - a connecting rod pivotally connected to the drive rod, the other end of which is pivotally connected to a slider, wherein the slider in the retaining position presses the connecting rod against its top dead center or bottom dead center, and the slider in the retracted position allows the connecting rod to pivot relative to the drive rod; - A compression spring biasing the slide toward its holding position.

8. The snap-action mechanical switch according to claim 1, wherein: Also included is a buffer disk attached to the lower portion of the second repulsion disk, configured to prevent a hard impact between the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk during a descending process.

9. The control method of a snap-action mechanical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When performing the opening operation, a. enabling the first electrical terminal to supply power to the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk and disabling the third repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk are opposite; b. After the first power supply period, the first repulsion disk pushes the second repulsion disk based on the electromagnetic repulsion force to drive the transmission rod to accelerate downward; c. After the first electrical terminal supplies power for a second period of time, the second electrical terminal is enabled to supply power to the third repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the third repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk are opposite, and the second repulsion disk decelerates downward under the combined force of the first repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk until it passes the predetermined position at the maximum speed; d. Maintaining power supply through the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal for a third period of time, so that the second repulsion disk stops descending above the third repulsion disk.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further includes causing the second repulsion disk to move downward further by a holding mechanism until the connecting rod pivotally connected to the driving rod is held at its bottom dead center position.

11. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When performing the closing operation, a. Enabling the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal to supply power to the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk, respectively, and disabling the first repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the second repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk are opposite; b. After the first power supply period, the third repulsion disk pushes the second repulsion disk based on the electromagnetic repulsion force to drive the transmission rod to accelerate upward; c. After the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal supply power for a second period of time, the first electrical terminal is enabled to supply power to the first repulsion disk, wherein the current flows in the first repulsion disk and the second repulsion disk are opposite, and the second repulsion disk decelerates upward under the combined force of the first repulsion disk and the third repulsion disk until it passes the predetermined position at the maximum speed; d. Maintaining power supply through the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal for a third period of time so that the second repulsion disk stops its upward movement below the first repulsion disk.

12. The control method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method further includes causing the second repulsion disk to move further upward by a holding mechanism until the connecting rod pivotally connected to the driving rod is held at its top dead center position.

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