A switching circuit and an energy storage power supply

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a switching circuit and an energy storage power supply. The circuit includes: a first power supply switch module for controlling the on / off of the power supply to the auxiliary power supply circuit; a voltage detection module for outputting a driving signal to the first power supply switch module to turn on the first power supply switch module when the input voltage of the automotive battery is lower than a first preset voltage, and outputting a trigger signal to the delay protection module; a delay protection module for outputting a protection signal to the first power supply switch module to turn off the first power supply switch module when the duration of receiving the trigger signal exceeds a first preset time, and the first preset time is greater than the time taken for the input voltage to recover to the first preset voltage. In the embodiments of the present invention, the voltage detection module outputs a trigger signal to turn on the power supply switch module, so that the input power supply supplies power to the auxiliary power supply circuit; and a delay protection module is provided to quickly turn off the power supply switch module to avoid power waste and maintaining output when the power is depleted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of energy storage power supplies, and particularly to a switching circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for travel and outdoor activities and the booming development of the portable energy storage power supply market, the demand for fast charging during driving that can use the car battery connected to the car engine to charge the portable energy storage power supply has also increased. Such fast charging during driving usually has a small, light, and high-power design, and can meet the demand for the ability to charge the portable energy storage power supply while the car is driving during the journey.

[0003] Since the fast charging during driving is only powered by the car battery, the auxiliary power supply circuit for powering its control circuit is also powered by the car battery. However, if the auxiliary power supply circuit remains working for a long time when the car is not started, it will continuously consume the battery power, which may lead to the adverse consequence of the car battery running out of power. Therefore, it is necessary to design an auxiliary power supply input switching circuit that can make the auxiliary power supply work only when the battery voltage is appropriate.

[0004] At the same time, common auxiliary power supply input switching circuits use the battery voltage state as the trigger condition for the switch. When the battery voltage is higher than a certain set value, the switch is turned on, and when it is lower than this value, the switch is turned off. However, since it takes time for the generator to charge the battery, when the trigger point is set relatively high, it takes a long time to turn on the circuit every time the car is started, and when the trigger point is set relatively low, it will be difficult to turn off for a long time after each use because the battery voltage rises after being charged, resulting in a waste of battery power. There is a contradiction in the design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a switching circuit and an energy storage power supply, which can solve the problem that after the auxiliary power supply input switching circuit is turned on, due to the increase in the battery voltage after the battery is charged, it is difficult to turn off the switching circuit for a long time, resulting in a waste of battery power.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present invention is: to provide a switching circuit applied to an automotive battery, including: a voltage detection module, a first power supply switching module, and a delay protection module; the first power supply switching module is respectively connected to the automotive battery and an auxiliary power supply circuit, and the voltage detection module is respectively connected to the automotive battery, the delay protection module, and the first power supply switching module; the voltage detection module is configured to output a drive signal to the first power supply switching module when the input voltage of the automotive battery is lower than a first preset voltage, so that the first power supply switching module is turned on, and output a trigger signal to the delay protection module; the delay protection module is configured to output a protection signal to the first power supply switching module when the duration of receiving the trigger signal exceeds a first preset time, so that the first power supply switching module is turned off, where the first preset time is greater than the time taken for the voltage of the automotive battery to drop to less than the first preset voltage and then recover to the first preset voltage when starting.

[0007] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module includes a detection unit, a drive unit, and a trigger unit. The detection unit is respectively connected to the automotive battery, the drive unit, and the trigger unit. The trigger unit is further connected to the first power supply switching module; the detection unit is configured to output a detection signal to the trigger unit when the input voltage is less than the first preset threshold; the drive unit outputs the drive signal in response to the detection signal and maintains the output of the drive signal after the detection unit stops outputting the detection signal; the trigger unit outputs the trigger signal to the delay protection module in response to the detection signal.

[0008] In some embodiments, the detection unit includes a zener diode D4, and the drive unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a switching transistor Q5, and a thyristor D1; the cathode of the zener diode D4 is connected to the positive electrode of the automotive battery and the first end of the resistor R4, the anode of the zener diode D4 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q5, the collector of the switching transistor Q5 is connected to the second end of the resistor R4 and the control terminal of the thyristor D1, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the automotive battery; the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the automotive battery, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the thyristor D1 and the first controlled terminal of the first power supply switching module, and the cathode of the thyristor D1 is connected to the second controlled terminal of the first power supply switching module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the trigger unit includes a resistor R2, a resistor R6, and a switching transistor Q6. The first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery. The base of the switching transistor Q6 is connected to the output end of the detection unit. The second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q6 and the input end of the delay protection module. The emitter of the switching transistor Q6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6. The second end of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery.

[0010] In some embodiments, the delay protection module includes a capacitor C2, a zener diode D3, and a switching transistor Q3. The first end of the capacitor C2 and the cathode of the zener diode D3 are connected to the output end of the driving unit. The anode of the zener diode D3 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q3. The collector of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switching module. The emitter of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C2 and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first power supply switching module includes a resistor R3, a resistor R9, a switching transistor Q2, a switching transistor Q1, and a switching transistor Q4. The source of the switching transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery and the first end of the resistor R3. The drain of the switching transistor Q2 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary power supply circuit. The gate of the switching transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R9. The second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q1. The base of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first output end of the voltage detection module. The emitter of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q4. The base of the switching transistor Q4 is connected to the second output end of the voltage detection module and the output end of the delay protection module. The emitter of the switching transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery.

[0012] In some embodiments, the switching circuit further includes a second power supply switching module and a controller. The second power supply switching module is respectively connected to the vehicle battery, the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the controller. The controller is configured to control the second power supply switching module to be turned on or off; and / or, it further includes a delay off module. The delay off module is connected to the first power supply switching module. The delay off module is configured to output a turn-off signal after a second preset time after the first power supply switching module is turned on. The turn-off signal is used to control the first power supply switching module to turn off.

[0013] In some embodiments, the delay-off module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a capacitor C1, a zener diode D2, and a switching transistor Q3. The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the first power supply switching module. The second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1, the first end of the resistor R8, and the cathode of the zener diode D2. The second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery. The anode of the zener diode D2 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q3. The collector of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switching module. The emitter of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second power supply switching module includes a switching transistor Q7, a switching transistor Q8, a resistor R5, a resistor R10, and a resistor R11. The source of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery and the first end of the resistor R5. The drain of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary power supply circuit. The gate of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R10. The second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q8. The base of the switching transistor Q8 is configured to receive an external control signal. The emitter of the switching transistor Q8 is grounded. To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention is: to provide an energy storage power supply, including: the switching circuit as described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: Different from the prior art, when the voltage of the vehicle battery is less than a preset threshold, the voltage detection module outputs a trigger signal to turn on the first power supply switching module, so that the vehicle battery supplies power to the auxiliary power supply circuit. And a delay-off module is provided to quickly turn off the first power supply switching module, solving the problems of power waste and maintaining output when the battery is discharged. Further, a second power supply switching module is provided. When the auxiliary power supply circuit starts to work, another power supply branch is formed, and the control right of the switching circuit is handed over to the controller, avoiding the defects that the voltage trigger point of the switching circuit using the voltage level as the trigger condition is too high to reach or too low to turn off. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another switching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage detection module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a switching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0020] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the following will provide a more detailed description of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom", etc. used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification in the description of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0022] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, a switching circuit is provided, which is applied to an automotive battery 20, and its structural schematic diagram is as Figure 1 shown. The switching circuit includes three main functional modules: a voltage detection module 110, a first power supply switching module 120, and a delay protection module 130. The connection relationship and working principle among the modules are as follows:

[0024] The first power supply switching module 120 is respectively connected to the automotive battery 20 and the auxiliary power circuit 30, and is used to control the power supply on / off of the auxiliary power circuit 30. The first power supply switching module 120 is used to receive the drive signal from the voltage detection module 110 and the protection signal from the delay protection module 130, and changes its own conduction state according to these signals to control the power supply on / off of the auxiliary power circuit 30.

[0025] The voltage detection module 110 is connected to the vehicle battery 20, the delay protection module 130, and the first power supply switch module 120 simultaneously. When the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 is detected to be lower than the first preset voltage, the voltage detection module 110 outputs a drive signal to the first power supply switch module 120 to turn on the first power supply switch module 120, and outputs a trigger signal to the delay protection module 130 at the same time. This design can automatically start power supply when the vehicle battery voltage drops temporarily during vehicle starting.

[0026] When the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 is maintained above the first preset voltage, the voltage detection module 110 continuously monitors the voltage but does not output a drive signal and a trigger signal. In this state, the first power supply switch module 120 remains in the off state, and the auxiliary power circuit 30 does not receive power from the vehicle battery 20. It can effectively avoid the consumption of the vehicle battery power when the vehicle is not started or idling.

[0027] The delay protection module 130 is connected to the first power supply switch module 120. When the duration of the trigger signal received from the voltage detection module 110 exceeds the first preset time, the delay protection module 130 outputs a protection signal to the first power supply switch module 120 to turn it off. The first preset time needs to be greater than the time required for the voltage of the vehicle battery 20 to drop from above the first preset voltage to below the first preset voltage and then recover to the first preset voltage during vehicle starting, so as to avoid unnecessary power loss caused by continuing to supply power after the battery voltage returns to normal.

[0028] To ensure that the voltage detection module 110 can stably turn on the first power supply switch module 120 during the period when the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 drops below the first preset voltage and then rises above the first preset voltage, the first preset time is required to be greater than the time required for the input voltage to rise from below the first preset voltage to above the first preset voltage when it drops below the first preset voltage. To ensure that the vehicle battery will not be misjudged as being in an abnormal under-voltage state under normal conditions (i.e., when the input voltage is pulled down and then rises), and to ensure the normal conduction of the first power supply switch module 120.

[0029] The working process of the switching circuit can be divided into several key stages: In the initial state, the vehicle is not started, and the voltage detection module 110 monitors that the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 is at a normal level, that is, the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 is maintained above the first preset voltage, and the first power supply switch module 120 is in an off state. During the startup stage, starting the vehicle causes the input voltage of the vehicle battery to temporarily decrease. The voltage detection module 110 detects that the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 is lower than the first preset value, and then outputs a drive signal and a trigger signal. During the power supply stage, after receiving the drive signal, the first power supply switch module 120 conducts, and the vehicle battery 20 starts to supply power to the auxiliary power circuit 30. At the same time, the delay protection module 130 starts timing. During the protection stage, when the duration of the trigger signal received by the delay protection module 130 exceeds the first preset time, the delay protection module 130 outputs a protection signal to disconnect the first power supply switch module 120 and terminate the power supply to the auxiliary power circuit 30.

[0030] The core innovation of this solution lies in using the characteristic of the temporary voltage drop during vehicle startup as a trigger condition, and ensuring reasonable control of the power supply time through a delay protection mechanism. By organically combining voltage detection, switch control, and delay protection functions, intelligent management of the power supply to the auxiliary power circuit is achieved, solving the technical contradiction that it is difficult to balance timeliness and power saving in the trigger point setting of traditional voltage trigger solutions.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, another switching circuit is provided, which is applied to the vehicle battery 20, and its structural schematic diagram is as Figure 2 shown. In addition to the basic structure including the voltage detection module 110, the first power supply switch module 120, and the delay protection module 130, the switching circuit 10 can also be provided with a second power supply switch module 140 and a delay shutdown module 150.

[0032] In this embodiment, the second power supply switch module 140 is electrically connected to the vehicle battery 20, the auxiliary power circuit 30, and the controller 40 respectively. The controller 40 can actively control the power supply state of the auxiliary power circuit 30 by sending a control signal to the second power supply switch module 140. This design enables the switching circuit to have a dual control mechanism: on the one hand, it retains the automatic control function based on voltage detection, and on the other hand, it adds the active control ability that can be achieved by the controller 40.

[0033] The delay shutdown module 150 is connected to the first power supply switch module 120 and starts timing after the first power supply switch module 120 conducts. When the timing reaches the second preset time, the delay shutdown module 150 outputs a shutdown signal to the first power supply switch module 120 to control its turn-off. This mechanism provides a second layer of time control protection for the switching circuit and forms a complementary relationship with the delay protection module 130.

[0034] It should be noted that the first preset time and the second preset time perform different protection functions in the switching circuit. The first preset time is controlled by the delay protection module 130, and its duration needs to be greater than the time required for the voltage of the vehicle battery 20 to drop below the first preset voltage and then recover to the first preset voltage when starting the vehicle. The second preset time is controlled by the delay shutdown module 150 and is usually set to be greater than the first preset time. This design enables the two time control modules to form a hierarchical protection: the delay protection module 130 first ensures the voltage recovery during vehicle startup, and the delay shutdown module 150 monitors the power supply status over a longer time span.

[0035] For the power supply control of the auxiliary power supply circuit 30, the second power supply switch module 140 adopts an actively controllable mechanism. After the auxiliary power supply circuit 30 starts to work, the controller 40 can establish a second power supply path through the second power supply switch module 140. The second power supply path runs in parallel with the power supply path formed by the first power supply switch module 120. The controller 40 can accurately adjust the power supply status according to actual requirements by sending on or off control signals to the second power supply switch module 140.

[0036] The advantage of the dual-path power supply design is that: to avoid unnecessary power consumption, when the first power supply switch module 120 needs to be disconnected due to time control, the controller 40 can maintain the power supply to the auxiliary power supply circuit 30 through the second power supply switch module 140, avoiding the impact on the system caused by power supply interruption. At the same time, the controller 40 can also actively adjust the power supply timing according to the working state of the auxiliary power supply circuit 30 to achieve more flexible power supply management.

[0037] The working process of this embodiment reflects the characteristics of dual protection and active control: when the vehicle starts, the voltage detection module 110 detects a voltage drop, triggers the first power supply switch module 120 to conduct, and simultaneously starts the timing functions of the delay protection module 130 and the delay shutdown module 150. During the power supply process, the controller 40 can adjust the power supply status of the auxiliary power supply circuit 30 through the second power supply switch module 140 according to actual requirements, ensuring the reliability of the power supply and providing flexible control means.

[0038] The advantage of this embodiment compared with the basic solution is that: by adding the second power supply switch module 140 and the controller 40, the active control of the power supply status of the auxiliary power supply circuit 30 is realized; by setting the delay shutdown module 150, a dual time protection mechanism is established. These improvements enable the switching circuit to have more perfect protection functions and more flexible control methods, and can better adapt to different usage scenarios and control requirements.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, a voltage detection module is provided, and its structural schematic diagram is as Figure 3As shown, the voltage detection module 110 includes a detection unit 111, a drive unit 112, and a trigger unit 113. The detection unit 111 is respectively connected to the vehicle battery 20, the drive unit 112, and the trigger unit 113. The trigger unit 113 is also connected to the first power supply switch module 120 and the delay protection module 130.

[0040] The detection unit 111 undertakes the core function of voltage monitoring. The detection unit 111 continuously monitors the input voltage of the vehicle battery 20 and compares the input voltage with a first preset threshold. When the input voltage is lower than the first preset threshold, the detection unit 111 outputs detection signals to the drive unit 112 and the trigger unit 113 respectively.

[0041] The drive unit 112 adopts a signal latching mechanism. After receiving the detection signal from the detection unit 111, the drive unit 112 outputs a drive signal to the first power supply switch module 120 to turn on the first power supply switch module 120. It should be noted that even if the detection unit 111 stops outputting the detection signal, the drive unit 112 still maintains the output state of the drive signal. The latching characteristic ensures the stability of the power supply process and also avoids power supply interruption caused by voltage fluctuations.

[0042] The trigger unit 113 plays a role in signal conversion and transmission. When receiving the detection signal output by the detection unit 111, the trigger unit 113 outputs a trigger signal to the delay protection module 130, so that the delay protection module 130 starts timing. When the trigger signal is continuously received for a first preset time, the first power supply switch module 120 is controlled to turn off.

[0043] In the actual working process, these three functional units cooperate with each other: the detection unit 111 first senses the voltage change and outputs a detection signal, the drive unit 112 responds to the signal and maintains the output state, and at the same time, the trigger unit 113 starts the delay protection function.

[0044] As Figure 4 shown, this embodiment provides a complete switch circuit structure. The circuit includes a voltage detection module 110, a first power supply switch module 120, a delay protection module 130, and a delay off module 150. The voltage detection module 110 further includes a detection unit 111, a drive unit 112, and a trigger unit 113.

[0045] The detection unit 111 realizes the voltage detection function through the zener diode D4; the drive unit 112 is composed of a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a switching transistor Q5, and a thyristor D1; the trigger unit 113 includes a resistor R2, a resistor R6, and a switching transistor Q6.

[0046] The cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery B1 and the first end of the resistor R4, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q5. The collector of the switching transistor Q5 is connected to the second end of the resistor R4 and the control terminal of the thyristor D1, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery B1.

[0047] The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery B1, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the thyristor D1 and the first controlled terminal of the first power supply switching module 120 (i.e., the base of the switching transistor Q4). The cathode of the thyristor D1 is connected to the second controlled terminal of the first power supply switching module 120 (i.e., the base of the switching transistor Q1).

[0048] The first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery B1, and the base of the switching transistor Q6 is connected to the output terminal of the detection unit 111 (i.e., the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D4). The second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q6 and the input terminal of the delay protection module 130 (i.e., the first end of the capacitor C2). The emitter of the switching transistor Q6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, and the second end of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery B1.

[0049] The delay protection module 130 is composed of a capacitor C2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, and a switching transistor Q3. The first end of the capacitor C2 and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 are connected to the output terminal of the driving unit 112. The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q3. The collector of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first controlled terminal of the first power supply switching module 120 (i.e., the base of the switching transistor Q4), and the emitter of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C2 and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery B1.

[0050] The first power supply switching module 120 includes a resistor R3, a resistor R9, a switching transistor Q2, a switching transistor Q1, and a switching transistor Q4. The source of the switching transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery B1 and the first end of the resistor R3, and the drain of the switching transistor Q2 is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply circuit A1. The gate of the switching transistor Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R9. The second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q1. The base of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first output terminal of the voltage detection module 110, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q4. The base of the switching transistor Q4 is connected to the second output terminal of the voltage detection module 110 and the output terminal of the delay protection module 130, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery B1.

[0051] The delay-off module 150 includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a capacitor C1, a zener diode D2, and a switching transistor Q3. The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the first power supply switching module 120 (i.e., the drain of the switching transistor Q2), and the second end is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1, the first end of the resistor R8, and the cathode of the zener diode D2. The second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the vehicle battery B1. The anode of the zener diode D2 is connected to the base of the switching transistor Q3, the collector of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switching module 120 (i.e., the base of the switching transistor Q4), and the emitter of the switching transistor Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the vehicle battery B1.

[0052] By way of example and not limitation, to further reduce the hardware cost, in this embodiment, the delay protection module 130 and the delay-off module 150 share a switching transistor Q3. In other embodiments, each may be provided with a switching transistor Q3.

[0053] The second power supply switching module 140 is composed of a switching transistor Q7, a switching transistor Q8, a resistor R5, a resistor R10, and a resistor R11. The source of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the vehicle battery B1 and the first end of the resistor R5, and the drain of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary power supply circuit A1. The gate of the switching transistor Q7 is connected to the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R10. The second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the switching transistor Q8. The base of the switching transistor Q8 is used to receive an external control signal sent by the controller, and the emitter of the switching transistor Q8 is grounded.

[0054] During the actual working process, each functional module operates in cooperation through the above circuit connections: When the vehicle starts, the battery voltage drops, the detection unit 111 outputs a detection signal, and the driving unit 112 and the triggering unit 113 respectively control the power supply switch and the protection circuit. The delay protection module 130 and the delay-off module 150 perform dual control on the power supply time, and the second power supply switching module 140 realizes the active power supply control of the auxiliary power supply circuit A1 under the instruction of the controller. Devices such as thyristors and zener diodes in the circuit cooperate with the RC delay circuit to achieve precise voltage detection and time control functions.

[0055] The specific working principle of this switching circuit is as follows:

[0056] When the vehicle is not started and the input voltage of the vehicle battery B1 is higher than the first preset voltage (usually 12V), the zener diode D4 is broken down. At this time, the switching transistors Q4 and Q6 operate in the saturation conduction state, and the voltage at the second end of the resistor R4 is shorted to ground, and the level is 0V. Due to insufficient trigger voltage, the thyristor D1 remains in the non-conducting state. The switching transistor Q1 is in the cut-off state, resulting in the switching transistor Q2 being turned off, and the vehicle battery B1 does not supply power to the auxiliary power supply circuit A1.

[0057] During the startup process of the vehicle, due to the operation of the spark plug and other electrical appliances, the input voltage of the vehicle battery B1 drops rapidly, usually dropping to about 8V. When the input voltage drops below the first preset voltage, that is, the sum of the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D4 and the base-emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q5, the switching transistor Q5 enters the cut-off state. At the same time, the thyristor D1 and the switching transistor Q1 turn on. Since the switching transistor Q4 was kept on through the resistor R1 before, the voltage level at the lower end of the resistor R9 is pulled to the ground. The switching transistor Q2 then turns on, and the vehicle battery B1 starts to supply power to the auxiliary power circuit A1, and the auxiliary power circuit A1 starts to operate. At the same time, the switching transistor Q6 enters the cut-off state, and the vehicle battery B1 charges the capacitor C2 through the resistor R2. However, the voltage across the capacitor C2 is less than the sum of the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D3 and the base-emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q3, and the switching transistor Q3 remains in the cut-off state.

[0058] After the auxiliary power circuit A1 starts running, the controller 40 controls the switching transistor Q7 to turn on through the switching transistor Q8 to establish a second power supply path. When the input voltage of the vehicle battery B1 rises above the first preset voltage, the switching transistors Q5 and Q6 turn on, and the voltage at the second end of the resistor R4 is pulled down to the ground. Benefiting from the latching characteristic of the thyristor D1, even if the trigger voltage provided by the resistor R4 disappears, the thyristor D1 still remains in the on state to maintain the power supply stability.

[0059] When the capacitor C2 is charged for the first preset time, the voltage across the capacitor C2 is greater than the sum of the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D3 and the base-emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q3, and the switching transistor Q3 turns on, pulling the base voltage of the switching transistor Q4 down to the ground, and the switching transistor Q4 turns off, so that the switching transistors Q2 and D1 are cut off again. Transfer the input control right of the auxiliary power circuit A1 to the switching transistor Q7, and the control is realized by the controller.

[0060] In addition, after the switching transistor Q2 turns on, the capacitor C1 starts to charge through the resistors R7 and R8. When the charging time reaches the second preset time and the charging voltage exceeds the sum of the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D2 and the base-emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q3, the zener diode D2 is broken down, and the switching transistor Q3 turns into the on state. Since the voltage at the second end of the resistor R1 is pulled to the ground level, the switching transistor Q4 enters the cut-off state, resulting in the switching transistors Q2 and D1 being cut off again. After that, the input control right of the auxiliary power circuit A1 is transferred to the switching transistor Q7, and the control is realized by the controller.

[0061] If the automotive battery B1 is in a discharged state and the input voltage continuously remains lower than the sum of the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D4 and the base-emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q5, the switching transistor Q4 will enter the cut-off state, causing the capacitor C2 to start charging. When the charging voltage exceeds the sum of the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D3 and the base-emitter voltage of the switching transistor Q3, the zener diode D3 is broken down, the switching transistor Q3 is turned on, and the switching transistor Q4 is cut off. Eventually, the switching transistor Q2 is turned off, cutting off the power supply to the auxiliary power circuit A1.

[0062] During the power supply process, the second power supply switching module 140 realizes independent control of the auxiliary power circuit A1 through the instruction of the controller 40. When the first power supply switching module 120 is disconnected due to time control requirements, the controller 40 can maintain the necessary power supply to the auxiliary power circuit A1 through the second power supply switching module 140 to ensure the continuity of the energy storage power supply operation.

[0063] Based on the switching circuit provided in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention also provide an energy storage power supply, which includes the switching circuit described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit them; under the idea of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present application as above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A switch circuit, used in a car battery, characterized in that: include: A voltage detection module, a first power supply switch module and a delay protection module; The first power supply switch module is connected to the car battery and the auxiliary source circuit respectively, and the voltage detection module is connected to the car battery, the delay protection module and the first power supply switch module respectively; The voltage detection module is used to output a driving signal to the first power switch module when the input voltage of the vehicle battery is lower than a first preset voltage, so as to turn on the first power switch module, and output a trigger signal to the delay protection module; The delay protection module is used to output a protection signal to the first power supply switch module to disconnect the first power supply switch module when the duration of the received trigger signal exceeds a first preset time, wherein the first preset time is greater than the time taken for the voltage of the vehicle battery to drop to less than the first preset voltage and then to recover to the first preset voltage when the vehicle battery is started.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage detection module includes a detection unit, a drive unit and a trigger unit, wherein the detection unit is connected to the vehicle battery, the drive unit and the trigger unit respectively, and the trigger unit is also connected to the first power supply switch module; The detection unit is used for outputting a detection signal to the trigger unit when the input voltage is less than a first preset voltage; The driving unit outputs the driving signal in response to the detection signal, and maintains output of the driving signal after the detection unit stops outputting the detection signal; The trigger unit outputs the trigger signal to the delay protection module in response to the detection signal.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The detection unit includes a voltage stabilizing diode D4, and the driving unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a switch tube Q5 and a thyristor D1; The cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery and the first end of the resistor R4, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q5, the collector of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the second end of the resistor R4 and the control end of the thyristor D1, and the emitter of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery; The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the thyristor D1 and the first controlled end of the first power switch module, and the cathode of the thyristor D1 is connected to the second controlled end of the first power switch module.

4. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The trigger unit includes a resistor R2, a resistor R6 and a switch tube Q6. The first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery, the base of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the output end of the detection unit, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q6 and the input end of the delay protection module, the emitter of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, and the second end of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

5. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The delay protection module includes a capacitor C2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3 and a switch tube Q3; The first end of the capacitor C2 and the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 are connected to the output end of the driving unit, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3, the collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C2 and the negative electrode of the car battery.

6. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The first power switch module includes a resistor R3, a resistor R9, a switch tube Q2, a switch tube Q1 and a switch tube Q4; The source of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery and the first end of the resistor R3, the drain of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit, the gate of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R9, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q1, the base of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the first output end of the voltage detection module, the emitter of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q4, the base of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the second output end of the voltage detection module and the output end of the delay protection module, and the emitter of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

7. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a second power supply switch module and a controller, The second power supply switch module is connected to the vehicle battery, the auxiliary power circuit and the controller respectively, and the controller is used to control the second power supply switch module to be turned on or off; And / or, it also includes a delayed shutdown module, which is connected to the first power supply switch module; the delayed shutdown module is used to delay the second preset time to output a shutdown signal after the first power supply switch module is turned on; the shutdown signal is used to control the first power supply switch module to shut down.

8. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that The delay closing module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a capacitor C1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a switch tube Q3; The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the first power supply switch module, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1, the first end of the resistor R8 and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2, and the second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the car battery; The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3, the collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first controlled end of the first power supply switch module, and the emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the car battery.

9. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that The second power supply switch module includes a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q8, a resistor R5, a resistor R10 and a resistor R11; The source of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the car battery and the first end of the resistor R5, the drain of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary source circuit, the gate of the switch tube Q7 is connected to the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R10, the second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q8, the base of the switch tube Q8 is used to receive an external control signal, and the emitter of the switch tube Q8 is grounded.

10. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: include: A switching circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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