A trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine and its manufacturing method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology and discloses a trailer-mounted sugarcane field combined operation machine and its manufacturing method, comprising: a suspension device, a frame, ground wheels, a picking and removing film mechanism, a film lifting device, a plow blade, a soil-building device, a side film shovel, a film rolling device, a turning mechanism, and a film-removing guide frame. A soil-building mechanism is provided on one side of the bottom of the frame, a film lifting mechanism is provided on one side of the soil-building mechanism, a picking and removing film mechanism is provided on one side of the film lifting mechanism, and a film rolling mechanism is provided on one side of the top of the picking and removing film mechanism. A suspension mechanism is provided between the film rolling mechanism and the frame. A film-removing guide frame is provided on the top of the picking and removing film mechanism. The film lifting mechanism includes a mounting frame, a contoured connecting rod mounted on the mounting frame, and a film lifting shovel connected to the outer end of the contoured connecting rod. A connecting beam is provided at the end of the film lifting shovel away from the contoured connecting rod. A depth-limiting spring is provided between the top of the connecting beam and the mounting frame to limit the distance the film lifting shovel extends into the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, residual film recycling is a thorny problem faced by countries around the world. Some developed countries, such as the United States and Japan, began developing residual film recycling equipment suitable for their local conditions as early as the 1860s.

[0003] In foreign countries, to promote resource recycling, mulch films with a thickness of 0.01–0.05 mm are used in mulching cultivation, characterized by high tensile strength and resistance to aging. These films retain some toughness during recycling, resulting in simpler structures for foreign mulch film recycling machines. Their main components are a film-lifting shovel and a film-winding roller, allowing for easy processing and reuse of the residual film. In contrast, agricultural mulch films used in my country are much thinner, with a widely used thickness of 0.006–0.010 mm. Their tensile strength, service life, and aging resistance are significantly lower than those of foreign mulch films. Currently, residual film recycling machines are categorized into three types based on their operating time: pre-sowing residual film recycling machines, seedling stage residual film recycling machines, and post-autumn residual film recycling machines. Pre-sowing residual film recycling machine: Pre-sowing residual film recycling is carried out after land preparation and before sowing. At this stage, the residual film is mainly in fragments and distributed in the tilled layer. The pre-sowing residual film recycling machine mainly collects old residual film from previous years in the tilled layer, mainly by raking and wrapping the film. Because the residual film is tightly attached to the raking spring teeth, a lot of residual film accumulates on the spring teeth, making manual removal very difficult. When removing the film during the seedling stage, the film is relatively easy to collect because the film has been used for a short time, mainly by rolling it up. However, removing the film during the seedling stage can cause mechanical damage to the seedlings, and due to the national... The thin mulch film often breaks during recycling, leading to low efficiency. Autumn residual film recycling machines, however, often collect residual film in the fall when it adheres to the soil and is severely damaged, making it prone to tangling and sticking to the machine, increasing recycling difficulty. Furthermore, due to my country's vast territory, scattered agricultural land, and significant differences in environment, climate, soil, humidity, agronomic levels, and planting conditions across regions, while research on residual film recycling equipment is extensive, the types are numerous, structures are complex, and applicability is limited. Most equipment cannot adapt well to local crop agronomic characteristics, resulting in low recycling efficiency. Currently, research on pre-planting and autumn residual film recycling machines is relatively mature in China, while research on seedling-stage residual film recycling machines is limited to crops such as corn and tobacco. Sugarcane fields suffer from severe residual film pollution, and the current situation for sugarcane residual film recycling is one of "no usable machines." Therefore, this invention was developed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine and its manufacturing method to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a trailer-mounted sugarcane mulching combined operation machine, comprising: a frame and drive wheels disposed at the bottom of the frame; a soil-raising mechanism is disposed on one side of the bottom of the frame, a film-lifting mechanism is disposed on one side of the soil-raising mechanism, a film-picking and film-removing mechanism is disposed on one side of the film-lifting mechanism, a film-winding mechanism is disposed on one side of the top of the film-winding mechanism, a suspension mechanism is disposed between the film-winding mechanism and the frame, a film-removing guide frame is disposed on the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism, the film-lifting mechanism includes a mounting frame, a contoured connecting rod disposed on the mounting frame, and a film-lifting shovel connected to the outer end of the contoured connecting rod, a connecting beam is disposed at the end of the film-lifting shovel away from the contoured connecting rod, and a depth-limiting spring is disposed between the top of the connecting beam and the mounting frame, the depth-limiting spring being used to limit the distance the film-lifting shovel extends into the ground.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the picking and unwrapping mechanism includes a connecting frame mounted on a machine frame, a screw conveyor mounted on the connecting frame, a picking roller mounted outside the screw conveyor, a combing and unwrapping mechanism mounted on top of the picking roller, and a transmission chain plate mounted outside the picking roller and the combing and unwrapping mechanism. A plurality of screw drive wheels are arranged between the picking roller and the combing and unwrapping mechanism, and a transmission belt is arranged between the plurality of screw drive wheels. A plurality of picking nail teeth are spaced apart on the outer surface of the transmission chain plate.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the film winding mechanism includes a column fixed to a frame, a film winding frame connected to the column, a plurality of rollers disposed on the film winding frame, and a film winding belt disposed between the rollers, and a flipping mechanism is provided between the film winding frame and the column.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the combing and stripping mechanism includes a stripping wheel connected to a connecting frame and a stripping roller disposed outside the stripping wheel, wherein the outer diameter of the stripping roller is higher than the height of the picking-up nail teeth.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, a plow blade is provided on the front side of the film-forming mechanism, and a soil-covering mechanism is provided on the front side of the plow blade.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, a side film shovel is provided on the rear side of the picking and unwrapping mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, a first transmission belt is provided between the drive wheel and the film winding mechanism, and a second transmission belt is provided between the film winding mechanism and the pick-up and unwinding mechanism.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the soil-cultivating mechanism includes a soil-cultivating mounting frame fixed to the frame, an adjustment mechanism disposed at the bottom of the soil-cultivating mounting frame, side plates disposed on both sides of the adjustment mechanism, and an inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade disposed on the outside of the side plates. A protective plate is fixed to the top of the side plates, and a soil-dividing plow blade is fixed to the bottom of the side plates. A guide cover is disposed on the outer surface of the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade.

[0013] Some embodiments of this application disclose a method of using a trailer-mounted mulching sugarcane field combined operation machine. The specific steps of the method are as follows: A. Measure the thickness of the residual film. Based on the thickness of the residual film and the distance between the residual film and the top surface of the soil, adjust the soil penetration depth of the film-lifting shovel, the length of the picking teeth, and the distance between adjacent picking teeth to ensure that the film-lifting shovel extends to the bottom of the residual film and that the picking teeth can lift the residual film.

[0014] B. Before use, clean and inspect the film-raising mechanism, the picking and demolding mechanism, and the demolding mechanism to ensure that there is no residual film on the film-raising shovel, the transmission chain plate, the picking nail teeth, the side film shovel, and the film roll belt, and to ensure that the depth limiting spring rebounds normally.

[0015] C. Pull the entire device to one end of the field, adjust the height of the film-lifting shovel and the ground, adjust the height of the picking nail teeth and the ground, and then pull the entire device a distance to ensure that the film-lifting shovel can separate the soil and the residual film, the picking nail teeth can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain plate, and the residual film can be rolled into the film-rolling mechanism along the combing film-removing mechanism.

[0016] D. Use a tractor to pull the entire device along a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When you reach the other end of the sugarcane field, turn the direction and carry out residual film collection and soil covering in the adjacent sugarcane field.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention addresses the current situation of "no usable machinery" for sugarcane field plastic film recycling. This project combines agricultural machinery, agronomy, and plastic film to propose a residual film recycling model that integrates whole-film recycling, soil turning and cleaning, and automatic film winding. It studies key technologies such as sugarcane field residual film collection, removal, and winding, and innovatively develops combined equipment for sugarcane field residual film recycling and inter-row cultivation. To address the problem of residual film becoming entangled and difficult to remove from recycling components, this project proposes a combing and removing technology. A removing device combs the residual film with the picking teeth to remove it. Addressing the issue that existing cored film winding devices suffer from tearing due to the increasing film winding speed with increasing roll diameter, this project innovatively designs a belt-type film winding device with a passively rotating core shaft. When the residual film falls from the removing device onto the horizontal surface of the winding belt, the core shaft rotates under friction, winding the residual film onto the core shaft. This invention can adapt to residual film with insufficient tension, achieving rapid recycling, and its widespread use is expected to produce good results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the picking and unmolding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pickup roller structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the film winding state of the film winding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading state of the film winding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the film-forming mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soil-raising mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram, 100 is the frame; 110 is the plow blade; 200 is the drive wheel; 210 is the first transmission belt; 300 is the soil-laying mechanism; 310 is the mounting frame; 320 is the adjusting mechanism; 330 is the side plate; 340 is the inclined spiral soil-laying blade; 350 is the protective plate; 360 is the soil-dividing plow blade; 370 is the guide cover; 400 is the film-lifting mechanism; 410 is the mounting frame; 420 is the contour connecting rod; 430 is the film-lifting shovel; 440 is the connecting crossbeam; 450 is the depth-limiting spring; and 500 is the picking and unloading machine. Structure; 510, Connecting frame; 520, Screw conveyor; 530, Pick-up roller; 540, Combing and stripping mechanism; 541, Stripping wheel; 542, Stripping roller; 550, Drive chain; 570, Pick-up nail teeth; 600, Film winding mechanism; 610, Column; 620, Film winding frame; 630, Rotary wheel; 640, Film winding belt; 650, Tilting mechanism; 660, Second drive belt; 670, Residual film roll; 700, Suspension mechanism; 800, Stripping guide frame; 900, Side film shovel. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0029] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figure 1-6As shown, according to some embodiments of this application, a trailer-mounted mulched sugarcane field combined operation machine includes: a frame 100 and drive wheels 200 disposed at the bottom of the frame 100; a soil-raising mechanism 300 is disposed on one side of the bottom of the frame 100, a film-lifting mechanism 400 is disposed on one side of the soil-raising mechanism 300, a film-picking and film-removing mechanism 500 is disposed on one side of the film-lifting mechanism 400, and a film-winding mechanism 600 is disposed on the top side of the film-winding mechanism 500. A suspension mechanism 700 is provided between the machine frame 100 and the machine frame 100. A film removal guide frame 800 is provided on the top of the picking and removing mechanism 500. The film lifting mechanism 400 includes a mounting frame 410, a contouring connecting rod 420 provided on the mounting frame 410, and a film lifting shovel 430 connected to the outer end of the contouring connecting rod 420. Before use, the height of the film lifting shovel 430 relative to the machine frame 100 can be adjusted according to the height of the machine frame 100 from the ground and the depth of the mulch film. The film lifting shovel 430 is far away from the contouring connecting rod 420. One end of the connecting rod 420 is provided with a connecting beam 440. A depth-limiting spring 450 is provided between the top of the connecting beam 440 and the mounting frame 410. The depth-limiting spring 450 is used to limit the distance that the film-lifting shovel 430 extends to the soil layer. The outer end of the film-lifting shovel 430 is provided with multiple film-lifting teeth. The film-lifting teeth are perpendicular to the transmission chain 550. The film-lifting teeth disturb the soil to loosen the soil. The multiple film-lifting teeth lift the residual film at the same time. The residual film moves obliquely upward along the upper surface of the picking nail teeth 570 and gradually separates from the soil. Then the picking and stripping mechanism 500 picks up the residual film that has been separated from the soil. The combined operation machine is connected to the tractor through the suspension mechanism 700. When the combined operation machine is working, the drive wheel 200 rotates and drives the stripping roller 542 through chain transmission. The rotation of the stripping roller 542 drives the picking roller through chain transmission. At the same time, the drive wheel 200 rotates and drives the drive roller of the film winding mechanism 600 to rotate through chain transmission. The rotation of the drive roller drives the film winding belt 640 to move.

[0032] According to some embodiments of this application, the picking and unwrapping mechanism 500 includes a connecting frame 510 disposed on a frame 100, a screw conveyor 520 disposed on the connecting frame 510, a picking roller 530 disposed outside the screw conveyor 520, a combing and unwrapping mechanism 540 disposed on the top of the picking roller 530, and a transmission chain 550 disposed outside the picking roller 530 and the combing and unwrapping mechanism 540. A plurality of screw drive wheels are disposed between the picking roller 530 and the combing and unwrapping mechanism 540, and a transmission belt is disposed between the plurality of screw drive wheels. A plurality of picking nail teeth 570 are spaced apart on the outer surface of the transmission chain 550.

[0033] According to some embodiments of this application, the film winding mechanism 600 includes a column 610 fixed to the frame 100, a film winding frame 620 connected to the column 610, a plurality of rollers 630 disposed on the film winding frame 620, and a film winding belt 640 disposed between the rollers 630. A flipping mechanism 650 is provided between the film winding frame 620 and the column 610. The mainstream film collection method for residual film recycling is still film collection box collection. The film collection box has a simple structure and low processing and manufacturing cost. However, because the residual film is naturally scattered and loose, the collected residual film piled up on the ground is easily blown away by strong winds, causing secondary pollution. Hydraulic technology is used to compress and shape the residual film. It is more suitable for packaging small pieces of film with severe damage. However, the film winding speed of the core winding device increases with the diameter, which can cause the film to tear. The floating film winding mechanism 600 uses the friction of the drive roller to make the film winding roller rotate and wind the film, which can avoid the problem of film tearing due to excessive film winding speed. However, it requires manual unloading. The film winding mechanism 600 in this application is a belt film winding mechanism 600 with passive rotation of the film winding core. When unloading is required, the drive cylinder extends and pushes the film winding mechanism 600 to rotate around the rotation center by a certain angle. The film roll is separated from the film winding belt 640 and rolls down to the ground along the unwinding guide frame 800.

[0034] It should be noted that when designing the film winding mechanism 600, it is necessary to study the working principle of key components, establish a mechanical model of the film winding belt 640 on the film winding roller, determine the maximum diameter of the film roll in the film winding mechanism 600 by analyzing the force on the residual film and combining the mechanical characteristics of the residual film, analyze the force on the separation point of the residual film and the film winding mandrel, determine the range of film winding inclination angle by comprehensively considering the actual operation requirements, and conduct a combined experiment using the Box-Behnken test method, using the film winding speed ratio, film winding inclination angle, and forward speed as test factors, and the film roll density as an indicator to conduct experimental research on the film winding mechanism 600. The experimental data are processed and variance analyzed using DesignExpert software to obtain a regression model of the test indicators and factor codes, and the regression equation model is optimized using the optimization module in the software. The optimal parameter combination is determined by comprehensively considering the boundary conditions of the test factors, and field trials are conducted for verification.

[0035] According to some embodiments of this application, the combing and stripping mechanism 540 includes a stripping wheel 541 connected to the connecting frame 510 and a stripping roller 542 disposed outside the stripping wheel 541. The outer diameter of the stripping roller 542 is higher than the height of the picking teeth 570. When the tractor pulls the implement, the picking teeth 570 puncture the mulch film and enter the soil under the action of the implement's gravity. The transmission chain 550 in the forward-moving picking and stripping mechanism 500 rotates. When the picking teeth 570 exit the soil, due to the residual film... Having already separated from the soil and lifted by the film-lifting teeth, the residual film adheres to the picking teeth 570 under the action of friction and moves with them, completing the residual film picking work. As the unit moves forward, several picking teeth 570 on the transmission chain 550 pierce the film in sequence, enter the soil, and exit the soil, forming a continuous and stable picking motion. After the residual film is picked up, it rotates around the picking roller 530 with the transmission chain 550, and the film surface gradually flips over. The positional height difference between the film-removing roller 542 and the residual film is used to achieve combing and film removal.

[0036] It should be noted that the study investigated the working principle of picking up and removing film, and designed the structure of the main working components such as the picking tooth 570, the transmission chain 550, the picking roller 530, and the removing roller 542. Theoretical analysis was conducted on key components, and the relevant dimensional parameters such as the arrangement of the picking tooth 570 and the transmission chain 550 were determined. A kinematic model of the picking tooth 570 was established, and motion analysis was performed on the picking tooth 570. The relationship between the trajectory of the picked film and the forward speed of the unit, the angular velocity of the picking roller 530, and the radius of the picking roller 530 was analyzed. The motion trajectory of the picking tooth 570 on the picking roller 530 was simulated and analyzed based on MATLAB software. By analyzing the force conditions of the residual film and combining the mechanical properties of the residual film, the range of picking speed ratio parameters that can ensure the smooth picking of the residual film was determined.

[0037] According to some embodiments of this application, a plow blade 110 is provided on the front side of the film-forming mechanism 400, and a soil-covering mechanism 300 is provided on the front side of the plow blade 110.

[0038] According to some embodiments of this application, a side film shovel 900 is provided on the rear side of the picking and unwrapping mechanism 500.

[0039] According to some embodiments of this application, a first transmission belt 210 is provided between the drive wheel 200 and the film winding mechanism 600, and a second transmission belt 660 is provided between the film winding mechanism 600 and the pick-up and unwinding mechanism 500.

[0040] According to some embodiments of this application, the picking and demolding mechanism is connected to the frame 100 and located in the middle of the frame 100; the film winding device is connected to the frame 100 and located at one end of the suspension device; the film lifting device is located behind the picking and demolding mechanism and fixed to the frame 100; the film lifting shovel 430 and the soil covering device are located at the tail of the frame 100.

[0041] According to some embodiments of this application, the soil-cultivating mechanism 300 includes a soil-cultivating mounting frame 310 fixed to the frame, an adjustment mechanism 320 disposed at the bottom of the soil-cultivating mounting frame 310, side plates 330 disposed on both sides of the adjustment mechanism 320, and an inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade 340 disposed on the outside of the side plates 330. A protective plate 350 is fixed to the top of the side plates 330, a soil-dividing plow blade 360 ​​is fixed to the bottom of the side plates 330, and a guide cover 370 is disposed on the outer surface of the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade 340.

[0042] It should be noted that before designing the physical prototype, a soil flow control system was constructed, and soil guiding components (soil delivery device, spiral hilling blade, and guide cover device) were designed. This mainly included designing the curved surface of the soil delivery blade to complete the first soil guidance; studying and analyzing the arrangement of the spiral hilling blade, the forces acting on the cutting soil, and the clockwise and counterclockwise milling to complete the second soil guidance; designing the structure of the guide cover device to complete the third soil guidance; and designing the spatial position of the composite cutting components to achieve soil flow control during hilling. Based on discrete element simulation experiments, a structural model of the composite cutting components and a soil particle model were established. In the Analyst module of the EDEM simulation software, a representative single soil particle was selected for path motion analysis to study the soil flow and spillage patterns, reducing damage to crops during hilling. The influence of the structure and motion parameters of the composite cutting components of the sugarcane tillage and hilling machine on the hilling performance was studied. Based on the analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, a machine working component-soil interaction model was established using the discrete element simulation software EDEM. The field operation state of the hilling machine was simulated under normal working conditions, and the factors affecting the machine's operating performance were analyzed. By changing parameters such as the blade rotation speed and the machine's forward speed, the movement trajectory and flow direction of the soil were observed, and the amount of soil delivered to the top of the ridge was tested. The parameters such as the outer edge linear speed of the spiral hilling blade and the machine's forward speed, which have a better hilling effect, were determined, laying the foundation for subsequent machine optimization and field trial verification.

[0043] Based on the simulation analysis results above, a prototype of a single-component inclined spiral hilling machine was developed, and hilling tests were conducted to verify the soil flow direction control system. Parameters such as soil flow direction and hilling performance were tested, and the structure of the hilling device was further optimized through experiments. Based on the simulation and experimental results, key influencing factors were analyzed, and the structure was further optimized. A prototype hilling machine was successfully manufactured, and field performance tests were conducted. Measurements were taken of the soil breaking rate, hilling thickness, hilling angle, and hilling height after the composite cutting component of the sugarcane hilling machine was used to verify whether it met the requirements for hilling operations. Based on the optimal parameters obtained from the simulation and test bench tests of the key components, and with a production capacity of 6-8 mu / hour for residual film recycling, the technology of a complete sugarcane seedling stage residual film recycling hilling machine was integrated and prototyped. Field tests were conducted on the overall performance of the combined residual film recycling and hilling machine to test the prototype's film lifting, picking, unloading, and rolling effects. Meanwhile, the operating parameters of each component of the machine affect each other during operation. Through multi-factor field tests, the optimal combination of operating parameters for the residual film recycling machine is sought.

[0044] Using the pickup speed ratio, auger speed, and machine forward speed as experimental factors, and operating efficiency, residual film pickup rate, and hilling qualification rate as evaluation indicators, a quadratic regression orthogonal combination experiment was conducted. Design Expert software was used to process and statistically analyze the experimental results and establish a model. Significance analysis was performed to determine the primary and secondary factors affecting the residual film pickup rate. The Optimization function of Design Expert software was used to optimize the experimental results and determine the optimal parameter combination. Field performance tests were conducted to verify the parameter optimization results. The hilling thickness and hilling angle after operation of the composite cutting component of the tiller were measured to verify the consistency between the field performance test results and the simulation test results, and whether the hilling quality met the requirements for hilling operations.

[0045] According to some embodiments of this application, a method for manufacturing a trailer-mounted mulched sugarcane field combined operation machine is described. The specific steps of the manufacturing method in this device are as follows: A. Study the film lifting mechanism, measure the thickness of the residual film, design the film lifting mechanism 400 according to the soil covering thickness of the residual film, establish a mechanical model of the film lifting mechanism 400, design a contouring mechanism for the study of the mechanical model of the film lifting mechanism 400 and conduct film lifting test experiments, optimize the film lifting teeth according to the results of the film lifting test experiments, ensure that the film lifting shovel 430 extends to the bottom of the residual film, and that the picking nail teeth 570 can lift the residual film.

[0046] B. Establish a kinematic model of the picking tooth 570, combine the force conditions of the residual film with the mechanical properties of the residual film, determine the range of the residual film picking speed ratio, determine the length of the picking tooth 570 and the distance between adjacent picking teeth 570, establish a mechanical model of the residual film during the detachment process, and determine the detachment conditions.

[0047] C. Design the film winding mechanism 600, establish the mechanical model of the film winding belt 640, determine the maximum diameter of the film roll and the range of the film winding inclination angle, and determine the optimal parameter combination of the film winding mechanism 600 through experiments to ensure that the picking nail teeth 570 can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain 550, and the residual film can be wound into the film winding mechanism 600 along the combing and unwinding mechanism 540.

[0048] D. Design the soil-cultivating mechanism 300. Determine the working principle of the soil-cultivating mechanism 300 as a composite cutting of the soil by the soil-dividing plow blade 360 ​​and the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade 340. Establish a composite cutting model, and fabricate the inclined spiral soil-cultivating mechanism 300 based on the composite cutting model. The curved surface of the soil-dividing plow blade 360, the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade 340, and the guide cover 370 jointly control the soil flow direction. Through discrete element simulation and experimentation of soil cutting and flow direction control, establish a machine-soil interaction model, analyze the factors affecting the working performance of the soil-cultivating mechanism 300, and optimize the soil-cultivating effect.

[0049] E. Based on the specific structure of multiple work units, integrate multiple work units into a combined work machine, and verify the functionality of the combined work machine through field performance tests to form a complete device.

[0050] According to some embodiments of this application, a method of using a trailer-mounted mulched sugarcane field combined operation machine is described. The specific steps of the method of using this device are as follows: A. Measure the thickness of the residual film. Based on the thickness of the residual film and the distance between the residual film and the top surface of the soil, adjust the soil penetration depth of the film-lifting shovel 430 and the length of the picking teeth 570 and the distance between adjacent picking teeth 570 to ensure that the film-lifting shovel 430 extends to the bottom of the residual film and that the picking teeth 570 can lift the residual film.

[0051] B. Before use, clean and inspect the film lifting mechanism 400, the picking and demolding mechanism 500 and the demolding mechanism to ensure that there is no residual film on the film lifting shovel 430, the transmission chain 550, the picking nail teeth 570, the side film shovel 900 and the film roll 640, and to ensure that the depth limiting spring 450 rebounds normally.

[0052] C. Pull the entire device to one end of the field, adjust the height of the film-lifting shovel 430 and the ground, adjust the height of the picking nail teeth 570 and the ground, and then pull the entire device a distance to ensure that the film-lifting shovel 430 can separate the soil and the residual film, and that the picking nail teeth 570 can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain 550. The residual film can be rolled into the film-rolling mechanism 600 along the combing film-removing mechanism 540.

[0053] D. Use a tractor to pull the entire device along a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When you reach the other end of the sugarcane field, turn the direction and carry out residual film collection and soil covering in the adjacent sugarcane field.

[0054] Measuring the thickness of the residual film is to ensure that the film-lifting shovel 430 can extend to the bottom of the residual film. Before starting to lift the film, the residual film needs to be wound around the film winding mechanism several times to ensure that the residual film will not fall off during subsequent operation. At the same time, the film-lifting mechanism 400, the picking and unwinding machine 500, and the film winding mechanism 600 need to be cleaned and inspected before use to ensure that no residual film remains.

[0055] It should be noted that the design of a residual film recycling machine must consider the basic topography of the sugarcane planting area and the material characteristics of the residual film. The physical properties of the sugarcane soil, the sugarcane planting pattern, the flatness of the sugarcane surface, and the distribution of impurities on the surface of the film directly affect the working principle of the residual film recycling machine in terms of film lifting and collection. The mechanical properties of the residual film determine the recycling mode. Therefore, it is necessary to study the basic topography of the operating area and the basic material characteristics of the residual film to provide a foundation for the development of recycling equipment. First, the field topography of the sugarcane field where the film is located is investigated and analyzed to obtain information related to residual film recycling, such as sugarcane planting density, the soil coverage of the film surface, and the flatness of the sugarcane surface. Based on fundamental data such as the strength and mechanical properties of the residual film, the mechanical properties of the residual film were tested using a WDW-50 / 100 microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine. The tensile-displacement curves of each sample were recorded. The soil adhesion coefficient and firmness were measured using an adhesive meter and a soil compaction meter, respectively. A statistical model was established, and the possibility of recycling the residual film by winding was theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified. Although the strength and integrity of the plastic film in the seedling stage of sugarcane fields are relatively high, due to the widespread use of non-standard plastic film in China and the limitation of poor tensile performance of the plastic film, it is not possible to directly refer to the simple winding and winding method used abroad for the mechanized recycling of residual film in sugarcane fields.

[0056] In summary, this invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology and discloses a trailer-mounted sugarcane mulching combined operation machine and its manufacturing method, comprising: a frame and drive wheels disposed at the bottom of the frame; a soil-raising mechanism is disposed on one side of the bottom of the frame, a film-lifting mechanism is disposed on one side of the soil-raising mechanism, a film-picking and film-removing mechanism is disposed on one side of the film-lifting mechanism, a film-winding mechanism is disposed on the top side of the film-winding mechanism, a suspension mechanism is disposed between the film-winding mechanism and the frame, a film-removing guide frame is disposed on the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism, the film-lifting mechanism includes a mounting frame, a contoured connecting rod disposed on the mounting frame, and a film-lifting shovel connected to the outer end of the contoured connecting rod, a connecting crossbeam is disposed at the end of the film-lifting shovel away from the contoured connecting rod, and a depth-limiting spring is disposed between the top of the connecting crossbeam and the mounting frame, the depth-limiting spring being used to limit the distance the film-lifting shovel extends into the ground.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine, comprising: A frame (100) and a drive wheel (200) disposed at the bottom of the frame (100); characterized in that a soil-laying mechanism (300) is disposed on one side of the bottom of the frame (100), a film-lifting mechanism (400) is disposed on one side of the soil-laying mechanism (300), a film-picking and unloading mechanism (500) is disposed on one side of the film-lifting mechanism (400), a film-winding mechanism (600) is disposed on one side of the top of the film-winding mechanism (500), and a suspension mechanism (7) is disposed between the film-winding mechanism (600) and the frame (100). 00), the top of the picking and unwrapping mechanism (500) is provided with a unwrapping guide frame (800), the film lifting mechanism (400) includes a mounting frame (410), a contouring connecting rod (420) provided on the mounting frame (410), and a film lifting shovel (430) connected to the outer end of the contouring connecting rod (420). A connecting beam (440) is provided at the end of the film lifting shovel (430) away from the contouring connecting rod (420). A depth-limiting spring (450) is provided between the top of the connecting beam (440) and the mounting frame (410). The depth-limiting spring (450) is used to limit the distance the film-lifting shovel (430) extends into the stratum. The picking and unloading mechanism (500) includes a connecting frame (510) mounted on the frame (100), a screw conveyor (520) mounted on the connecting frame (510), a picking roller (530) mounted outside the screw conveyor (520), a combing and unloading mechanism (540) mounted on the top of the picking roller (530), and a transmission mechanism mounted outside the picking roller (530) and the combing and unloading mechanism (540). The chain (550) has multiple spiral drive wheels between the pickup roller (530) and the combing and brushing film removal mechanism (540), and a chain drive is provided between the multiple spiral drive wheels. Multiple pickup nail teeth (570) are spaced apart on the outer surface of the transmission chain (550) plate. The combing and brushing film removal mechanism (540) includes a film removal wheel (541) connected to the connecting frame (510) and a film removal roller (542) disposed outside the film removal wheel (541). The outer diameter of the film removal roller (542) is higher than the height of the pickup nail teeth (570).

2. The trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The film winding mechanism (600) includes a column (610) fixed on the frame (100), a film winding frame (620) connected to the column (610), a plurality of rollers (630) disposed on the film winding frame (620), and a film winding belt (640) disposed between the rollers (630). A flipping mechanism (650) is provided between the film winding frame (620) and the column (610).

3. A trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plow blade (110) is provided on the rear side of the film-forming mechanism (400), and a soil-covering mechanism (300) is provided on the rear side of the plow blade (110).

4. A trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A side film shovel (900) is provided on the front side of the picking and unwrapping mechanism (500).

5. A trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first transmission belt (210) is provided between the drive wheel (200) and the film winding mechanism (600), and a second transmission belt (660) is provided between the film winding mechanism (600) and the pick-up and unwinding mechanism (500).

6. A trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The soil-cultivating mechanism (300) includes a soil-cultivating mounting frame (310) fixed to the frame (100), an adjustment mechanism (320) disposed at the bottom of the soil-cultivating mounting frame (310), side plates (330) disposed on both sides of the adjustment mechanism (320), and an inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade (340) disposed on the outside of the side plate (330). A protective plate (350) is fixed to the top of the side plate (330), and a soil-dividing plow blade (360) is fixed to the bottom of the side plate (330). A guide cover (370) is disposed on the outer surface of the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade (340).

7. A method for manufacturing a trailer-mounted sugarcane field mulching combined operation machine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The specific steps of the manufacturing method are as follows: A. Study the film-forming mechanism, measure the thickness of the residual film, design the film-forming mechanism (400) according to the soil covering thickness of the residual film, establish the mechanical model of the film-forming mechanism (400), design the contouring mechanism for the study of the mechanical model of the film-forming mechanism (400) and conduct film-forming test experiments, optimize the film-forming teeth according to the results of the film-forming test experiments, ensure that the film-forming shovel (430) extends to the bottom of the residual film, and the picking nail teeth (570) can pick up the residual film; B. Establish a kinematic model of the picking tooth (570), combine the residual film force conditions with the residual film mechanical properties, determine the residual film picking speed ratio range, determine the length of the picking tooth (570) and the distance between adjacent picking teeth (570), establish a residual film mechanical model during the residual film detachment process, and determine the detachment conditions. C. Design the film winding mechanism (600), establish the mechanical model of the film winding belt (640), determine the maximum diameter of the film roll and the range of the film winding tilt angle, and determine the optimal parameter combination of the film winding mechanism (600) through experiments to ensure that the picking nail teeth (570) can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain (550), and the residual film can be wound into the film winding mechanism (600) along the combing and unwinding mechanism. D. Design the soil-cultivating mechanism (300), determine the working principle of the soil-cultivating mechanism (300) as the soil-cutting composite of the soil-dividing plow blade (360) and the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade (340), establish a composite cutting model, and make the inclined spiral soil-cultivating mechanism (300) according to the composite cutting model. The curved surface of the soil-dividing plow blade (360), the inclined spiral soil-cultivating blade (340) and the guide cover (370) jointly control the soil flow direction. Through discrete element simulation and experiment of soil cutting and flow direction control, establish the machine-soil interaction model, analyze the factors affecting the working performance of the soil-cultivating mechanism (300), and optimize the soil-cultivating effect. E. Based on the specific structure of multiple work units, integrate multiple work units into a combined work machine, and verify the functionality of the combined work machine through field performance tests to form a complete device.

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