Capsule fire extinguisher and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fire-fighting product manufacturing, and particularly relates to a capsule fire extinguisher and application thereof. The capsule fire extinguisher comprises a capsule bottom shell, a capsule upper shell, a fire extinguishing agent and a cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material, the capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell are fixedly connected to form a sealed capsule structure, the capsule bottom shell is provided with a pressure relief nick, the fire extinguishing agent is packaged in a capsule, and the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material is arranged in the capsule bottom shell. And the bottom of the capsule is outwards embedded into the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material. The single capsule of the capsule fire extinguisher is large in capacity and can be accurately selected and adjusted according to needs, the fire extinguishing effect is better, the preparation method is simpler and more efficient, and the capsule fire extinguisher is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire protection product manufacturing, and specifically relates to a capsule fire extinguisher and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging fire extinguishing medium, microcapsule fire extinguishing agent has been gradually widely used in the fire protection field in recent years. Usually, microcapsule fire extinguishing agent uses polymer resin as the shell, and encapsulates halogenated hydrocarbon fire extinguishing substances inside. Microcapsule fire blankets, fire extinguishing patches and other types of products can be prepared by auxiliary material filling and spraying methods. However, the technical solution for the preparation of this type of fire extinguishing microcapsules has a complicated preparation process, involves a variety of chemical components, and takes a long time to prepare, which seriously affects the overall preparation efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to develop capsule-shaped fire extinguishers with simpler preparation methods, more efficient agent loading, and better stability. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The present invention uses a capsule shell that can be prepared in large quantities as a container and adopts a simple filling method to prepare a capsule structure fire extinguishing device. The size, capacity and spray direction of the capsule are adjustable, the preparation process is simple, and the cooling, heat insulation and flame retardant materials are combined to achieve efficient cooling, heat insulation and flame retardant effects on the protection area.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the first objective of the present invention is to provide a capsule fire extinguisher, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A capsule fire extinguisher comprises a capsule bottom shell, a capsule upper shell, a fire extinguishing agent and a cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material. The capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell are fixedly connected to form a sealed capsule structure, the fire extinguishing agent is encapsulated inside the capsule, and the bottom of the capsule is embedded outward in the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material.

[0006] It is worth noting that the present invention uses capsules of milliliter level and above. Compared with microcapsules of microliter level, capsules per unit volume can contain more fire extinguishing agents and have better fire extinguishing effects. At the same time, capsules of this specification have rich material selection and are simple to prepare.

[0007] In particular, for practical needs and use environment, the "capsules embedded in the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant materials" described in the present invention at least includes a plurality of capsules semi-enclosed in the sheet-like cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant materials, or the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant materials are coated around a single or multiple capsules. In addition, other nesting relationships not obtained by inventive work can be applied to the positional connection between the capsules and the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant materials of the present invention.

[0008] Furthermore, the outside of the capsule shell is coated with a waterproof and anti-corrosion material, and the capsule bottom shell has a pressure relief notch.

[0009] It is worth noting that the waterproof and anti-corrosion material in the present invention can be selected from epoxy coatings and polyurethane coatings. The capsule fire extinguisher disclosed in the present invention has a simple structure assembly process and can realize batch automated production; the waterproof and anti-corrosion material can avoid the influence between the capsule and the cooling and heat insulation material, thereby extending the storage life of the fire extinguisher; and the pressure relief notch on the bottom shell of the capsule can realize the directional injection of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby improving the injection performance of the fire extinguisher and improving the fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, the capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell are connected by adhesive or screws.

[0011] It is worth noting that the capsule shell connection process disclosed in the present invention does not involve chemical reactions, is simple and efficient, and the process is controllable.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell is selected from one or a combination of polymer plastics and metal materials.

[0013] Furthermore, the polymer plastic is selected from a combination of one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, polyimide, methyl cellulose, calcium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, and gelatin, and the metal material is selected from a combination of one or more of aluminum, copper, stainless steel, and iron.

[0014] It is worth noting that, in the present invention, polymer plastic can release fire extinguishing agent at a relatively low heating temperature, thereby achieving early fire extinguishing. Metal materials can increase the release temperature of fire extinguishing agent and increase the release pressure of fire extinguishing agent, thereby increasing the spraying distance of fire extinguishing agent and improving the spraying performance of fire extinguisher.

[0015] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing agent is selected from a combination of one or more of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, dry water fire extinguishing agent, perfluorohexanone, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, halogenated alkane fire extinguishing agent, and thermal aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

[0016] Furthermore, the temperature-reducing, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material is selected from a combination of one or more of inorganic hydrated salts, hydrogel materials, silica gel and epoxy resin.

[0017] Furthermore, the inorganic hydrated salt is selected from one or more combinations of barium hydroxide octahydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium carbonate decahydrate, potassium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate, calcium bromide hexahydrate, magnesium iodide octahydrate, calcium iodide hexahydrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate, sodium aluminum sulfate decahydrate, sodium metasilicate tetrahydrate, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, magnesium chloride tetrahydrate, sodium borate decahydrate, ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate and hydrated aluminum oxide.

[0018] It is worth noting that, considering that inorganic hydrated salts have high phase change heat absorption capacity and are all non-combustible materials, they can play a good role in cooling, heat insulation and flame retardancy. The present invention prefers inorganic hydrated salts as cooling, heat insulation and flame retardancy materials.

[0019] In order to fully realize the technology of the present invention, a preparation method suitable for the capsule fire extinguisher of the present invention is now disclosed. However, it should be understood that all preparation methods suitable for the capsule fire extinguisher of the present invention obtained based on the prior art without creative work can be used to prepare the capsule fire extinguisher disclosed in the present invention.

[0020] A method for preparing a capsule fire extinguisher comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a fire extinguishing agent into a capsule bottom shell, then connecting and sealing the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell, then covering the outer periphery of the capsule with a cooling and heat insulating material, and finally packaging and fixing the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0021] The preparation method disclosed in the present invention is simple and efficient, and is suitable for large-scale production. Compared with microcapsule technology, the preparation process does not involve chemical reactions, and the preparation process is more stable and controllable; and no solvent is required, and the production environment is safe and environmentally friendly. The preparation of a complete capsule fire extinguisher can be achieved only through simple filling and packaging, without the need for polymerization reaction equipment, with higher production efficiency and lower process threshold, and is more suitable for industrial production.

[0022] A second object of the present invention is to provide an application of the capsule fire extinguisher as described above.

[0023] The invention discloses an application of a capsule fire extinguisher in battery fire prevention and control.

[0024] Furthermore, the capsule fire extinguisher is used in fire prevention and control of electrical boxes / cabinets, distribution boxes / cabinets, and transformer boxes / cabinets.

[0025] When working, the capsule fire extinguisher is placed between the single cells or near the pressure relief port of the single cells, or placed above the flammable materials, and can spray the fire extinguishing agent in a directional, long-distance and large-dose manner during fire extinguishing. After the fire extinguishing agent is used up, it can effectively ensure the fire safety of the protection area by relying on its own cooling and heat insulation functions.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention.

[0027] (1) The single capsule capacity of the capsule-shaped fire extinguisher of the present invention is large (can reach milliliter level or above) and can be accurately selected and adjusted according to needs, while the single capsule capacity of the microcapsule fire extinguisher is small (microliter level) and the size is difficult to accurately control.

[0028] (2) The preparation method of the capsule fire extinguisher of the present invention is simpler, more efficient, and suitable for large-scale production. The entire preparation process does not require solvents and does not involve chemical reactions, and can be achieved through simple filling and packaging. However, the microcapsule fire extinguishing agent not only requires the use of a large amount of solvent, but also the packaging material needs to undergo a heating polymerization reaction or a photochemical polymerization reaction during the preparation process.

[0029] (3) The capsule-shaped fire extinguisher of the present invention is simpler to use. The size of the capsule-shaped heat-insulating and flame-retardant material embedded with the capsule can be cut according to the needs, and then directly fixed for use; while the microcapsule fire extinguisher requires a large amount of microcapsule powder fire extinguishing agent to be firstly embedded with glue and then fixed on the fixing device.

[0030] (4) The capsule-shaped fire extinguisher of the present invention has a better fire extinguishing effect. Since the fire extinguishing agent content of a single capsule is higher, the fire extinguishing agent can be sprayed in a directional, long-distance, and large-dose manner during fire extinguishing. However, the size of a single microcapsule of a microcapsule fire extinguisher is micron-level, the fire extinguishing agent content is extremely limited, the released fire extinguishing agent spraying distance is short, and the release direction of the microcapsule rupture is not fixed, so it is difficult to achieve the fire extinguishing effect of the present invention.

[0031] (5) The capsule-shaped fire extinguisher of the present invention not only has the function of extinguishing fire, but also has the function of cooling and insulating. After the fire extinguishing agent is used up, the fire safety of the protected area can be effectively guaranteed by its own function of cooling and insulating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The word "embodiment" used here as an "exemplary" does not necessarily mean that any embodiment described is superior to or better than other embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the performance index tests in the embodiments of this application are performed using conventional test methods in the art. It should be understood that the terms described in this application are only used to describe specific implementation methods and are not used to limit the content disclosed in this application.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the technical and scientific terms used in this document have the same meanings as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; other experimental methods and technical means not specifically specified in this application refer to experimental methods and technical means commonly used by ordinary technicians in this field.

[0035] In order to better illustrate the content of the present application, numerous specific details are provided in the specific examples below. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In the embodiments, some methods, means, instruments, equipment, etc. well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main purpose of the present application.

[0036] Under the premise of no conflict, the technical features disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be combined arbitrarily, and the resulting technical solutions belong to the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0037] The present invention discloses a capsule fire extinguisher and its application, which belongs to the technical field of fire protection product manufacturing. The capsule fire extinguisher disclosed in the present invention includes a capsule bottom shell, a capsule upper shell, a fire extinguishing agent and a cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material. The capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell are fixedly connected to form a sealed capsule structure. The capsule bottom shell has a pressure relief notch. The fire extinguishing agent is encapsulated inside the capsule, and the bottom of the capsule is embedded in the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material outward. The single capsule of the capsule fire extinguisher of the present invention has a large capacity and can be accurately selected and adjusted according to needs, with a better fire extinguishing effect, a simpler and more efficient preparation method, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0038] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further specifically described below through the following examples, but it should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by technicians in this field based on the above invention content are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] The bottom shell and upper shell of the aluminum capsule are selected. The outer shell of the capsule is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion materials. The thickness of the capsule material is 0.1mm, the volume of the capsule is 1.2mL, the interface between the bottom shell and the upper shell of the capsule is engraved with a mother-and-child thread, and a circular notch with a diameter of 2mm is engraved on the bottom of the capsule. 1.0mL of 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropylene fire extinguishing agent is added to the bottom shell of the capsule, and then the upper shell of the capsule and the bottom shell of the capsule are connected and sealed by threads. Potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate is pressed into a cooling and heat insulation sheet (outer dimensions: length 80mm*width 30mm*height 10mm), and 8 reserved holes are opened on the cooling and heat insulation sheet according to the outer dimensions of the capsule (the holes are not penetrated, and the bottom has a remaining thickness of 2mm), and 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the reserved holes of the cooling and heat insulation sheet, with the bottom of the capsule facing outward, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. After weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 91% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of polyimide material, the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material, the capsule material thickness is 1.5mm, the capsule volume is 1.1mL, and a circular notch with a diameter of 2mm is engraved on the bottom of the capsule. 1.0mL of perfluorohexanone is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed by an adhesive. Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate and silica gel are compounded in a 50:50 mass ratio to prepare a cooling and heat insulation sheet (outer dimensions: length 80mm*width 30mm*height 10mm), and 8 reserved holes are opened on the cooling and heat insulation sheet according to the outer dimensions of the capsule (the holes are not penetrated, and the bottom has a remaining thickness of 2mm), and 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the reserved holes of the cooling and heat insulation sheet, with the bottom of the capsule facing outward, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. According to weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 93% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of gelatin material, and the outside of the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material. The thickness of the capsule material is 0.11mm, and the capsule volume is 1.2mL. 1.0mL of perfluorohexanone is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed by an adhesive. Borax and epoxy silane are compounded in a mass ratio of 70:30 to prepare a cooling and heat insulation sheet (outer dimensions: length 80mm*width 30mm*height 10mm), and 8 reserved holes are opened on the cooling and heat insulation sheet according to the outer dimensions of the capsule (the holes are not penetrated, and the bottom has a remaining thickness of 2mm), and 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the reserved holes of the cooling and heat insulation sheet, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. After weighing and measuring, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 89% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of methyl cellulose, and the outside of the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material. The thickness of the capsule material is 0.11mm, and the capsule volume is 1.2mL. 1.0mL of dry powder fire extinguishing agent is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed by an adhesive. Sodium aluminum sulfate decahydrate and hydrogel are compounded in a mass ratio of 40:60 to prepare a cooling and heat insulation sheet (outer dimensions: length 80mm*width 30mm*height 10mm), and 8 reserved holes are opened on the cooling and heat insulation sheet according to the outer dimensions of the capsule (the holes are not penetrated, and the bottom has a remaining thickness of 2mm), and 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the reserved holes of the cooling and heat insulation sheet, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. According to weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 71% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of polypropylene material. The outside of the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material. The thickness of the capsule material is 0.15mm and the capsule volume is 1.2mL. 1.0mL of dry water fire extinguishing agent is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed with an adhesive. The hydrogel is prepared into a cooling and heat-insulating sheet (outer dimensions: length 80mm*width 30mm*height 10mm), and 8 reserved holes are opened on the cooling and heat-insulating sheet according to the outer dimensions of the capsule (the holes are not penetrated, and the bottom has a remaining thickness of 2mm), and 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the reserved holes of the cooling and heat-insulating sheet, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. After weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 90% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of polyethylene terephthalate. The outside of the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material. The thickness of the capsule material is 0.1mm and the capsule volume is 1.2mL. 1.0mL of hot aerosol fire extinguishing agent is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed with an adhesive. The silica gel is prepared into a cooling and heat-insulating sheet (outer dimensions: length 80mm*width 30mm*height 10mm), and 8 reserved holes are opened on the cooling and heat-insulating sheet according to the outer dimensions of the capsule (the holes are not penetrated, and the bottom has a remaining thickness of 2mm), and 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the reserved holes of the cooling and heat-insulating sheet, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. After weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 73% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0051] Example 7

[0052] Select an aluminum capsule bottom shell and upper shell, the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material, the capsule material thickness is 0.1mm, the capsule volume is 1.2mL, the capsule bottom is engraved with a circular notch with a diameter of 2mm, and the interface between the capsule bottom shell and the upper shell is engraved with a male and female thread. 1.0mL 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropylene fire extinguishing agent is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed by threads. 8 capsules containing fire extinguishing agent are pasted on the metal plate according to the capsule arrangement in Example 1, with the bottom of the capsule facing outward, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. After weighing and measuring, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 98% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0053] Example 8

[0054] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of polyimide material. The outside of the capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material. The thickness of the capsule material is 1.5mm, the capsule volume is 1.1mL, and a circular notch with a diameter of 2mm is engraved on the bottom of the capsule. 1.0mL of perfluorohexanone is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed with an adhesive. 8 capsules filled with fire extinguishing agent are placed in the mold (outer dimensions: length 86mm*width 32mm*height 10mm), with the bottom of the capsule facing outward, and then trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate and silica gel are mixed and cast in the above mold in a mass ratio of 50:50, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. According to weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 91% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0055] Example 9

[0056] The capsule bottom shell and upper shell are made of polyimide material. The outer shell of the capsule is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material. The thickness of the capsule material is 1.5mm, the volume of the capsule is 1.1mL, and a circular notch with a diameter of 2mm is engraved on the bottom of the capsule. 1.0mL of perfluorohexanone is added to the capsule bottom shell, and then the capsule upper shell and the capsule bottom shell are connected and sealed by an adhesive. The outer layer of 8 capsules containing fire extinguishing agent is wrapped with a composite of trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate and silica gel mixed in a mass ratio of 40:60. The entire wrapped capsule is placed in a mold (outer dimensions: length 85 mm*width 32 mm*height 12 mm), with the bottom of the capsule facing outward, and finally the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher is packaged and fixed. According to weighing and measurement, the fire extinguishing agent content accounts for 90% of the weight of the entire capsule-shaped fire extinguisher.

[0057] In order to further demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention and to better understand the present invention, the properties and application performance of the capsule fire extinguisher disclosed in the present invention are further explained through the following performance tests, but it should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention. The method properties obtained by other measurement experiments conducted by technicians in this field according to the above invention content and the applications based on the above properties are also regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] Experimental Example 1

[0059] At 1 m 3 Two high-altitude fire extinguishing tests were carried out in a combustion box of a certain volume, namely, the capsule-shaped fire extinguisher was placed 5 cm and 20 cm above the cotton soaked in n-heptane fuel respectively, the cotton below was ignited, and it was observed whether the flame could be extinguished and the extinguishing time; then, the box door was opened, the fire was ignited several times until the extinguishing agent in the capsule-shaped fire extinguisher was completely released, and finally the cotton was ignited again and burned for 5 min, and the temperature on the back of the capsule-shaped fire extinguisher was tested.

[0060] For comparison, under the same test conditions, a microcapsule fire extinguisher having the same perfluorohexanone content as the fire extinguisher in Example 1 was subjected to the above test.

[0061] The results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from the fire extinguishing tests of Examples 1-7 that the capsule-shaped fire extinguisher of the present invention has a good fire extinguishing effect, while it can be seen from the fire extinguishing test of the microcapsule fire extinguisher that the microcapsule fire extinguisher cannot extinguish a fire at a long distance; it can be seen from the tests of Examples 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 and 9 that the liquid fire extinguishing agent and the hot aerosol fire extinguishing agent placed in the capsule extinguish the fire faster than the dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The main reason is that the liquid fire extinguishing agent and the hot aerosol fire extinguishing agent are heated and vaporized in the capsule or undergo a gasification reaction to generate a certain pressure. When the capsule ruptures, a spray effect will be produced, and the fire extinguishing effect is better; it can be seen from Examples 1-6 and 7 that the fire extinguisher with the cooling and heat-insulating material covering the outer periphery of the capsule can ensure that the protection area is at a lower temperature even after the fire extinguishing agent is released.

[0062] Table 1 Experimental results of Experimental Example 1

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Experimental Example 2

[0066] A lithium battery fire test was conducted in a battery box (battery box size: length 18 cm*width 15 cm*height 12 cm) consisting of 30 18650 ternary lithium batteries (single cell capacity 3500 mAh) closely arranged in 5×6. The capsule-shaped fire extinguisher was pasted on the inner cover of the battery box, just above the lithium battery that caused thermal runaway. The middle battery was caused to thermal runaway by overcharging. It was observed whether the fire extinguisher could extinguish the battery fire and suppress the spread of the lithium battery thermal runaway fire, and the surface temperature change of the thermal runaway lithium battery was recorded.

[0067] For comparison, under the same test conditions, a microcapsule fire extinguisher having the same perfluorohexanone content as the fire extinguisher in Example 1 was subjected to the above test.

[0068] The results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that the capsule-shaped fire extinguishers of the present invention can all extinguish lithium battery fires, while the microcapsule fire extinguishers cannot extinguish lithium battery fires. The main reason is that the capsule-shaped fire extinguishers of the present invention have a larger storage capacity of fire extinguishing agent in a single capsule, which can be released quickly and concentratedly, while the capsules of the microcapsule fire extinguisher are micron-sized, and the fire extinguishing agent content in a single capsule is low, resulting in a slow overall release rate. In addition, it can be seen from Examples 1-7 that Examples 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9 can inhibit the spread of thermal runaway of lithium batteries, while Examples 4 and 6 cannot inhibit the spread of thermal runaway of lithium batteries. The main reason is that liquid fire extinguishing agents (dry water fire extinguishing agents contain 95% water) have better cooling effects than dry powder and hot aerosol fire extinguishing agents.

[0069] Table 2 Experimental results of Experimental Example 2

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] *The fire was not extinguished after the lithium battery thermal runaway. This temperature is the battery surface temperature after the microcapsule fire extinguishing agent is completely released.

[0073] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A capsule fire extinguisher, characterized in that: It includes a capsule bottom shell, a capsule upper shell, a fire extinguishing agent and a cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material. The capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell are fixedly connected to form a sealed capsule structure. The fire extinguishing agent is encapsulated inside the capsule, and the bottom of the capsule is embedded outward in the cooling, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material.

2. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule shell is coated with waterproof and anti-corrosion material on the outside, and the capsule bottom shell is provided with pressure relief notches.

3. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell are connected by adhesive or screws.

4. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the capsule bottom shell and the capsule upper shell is selected from one or a combination of polymer plastic and metal materials.

5. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polymer plastic is selected from one or more combinations of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, polyimide, methyl cellulose, calcium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, and gelatin, and the metal material is selected from one or more combinations of aluminum, copper, stainless steel, and iron.

6. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent is selected from one or more combinations of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, dry water fire extinguishing agent, perfluorohexanone, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, halogenated alkane fire extinguishing agent, and thermal aerosol fire extinguishing agent.

7. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-reducing, heat-insulating and flame-retardant material is selected from a combination of one or more of inorganic hydrated salts, hydrogel materials, silica gel and epoxy resin.

8. The capsule fire extinguisher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inorganic hydrated salt is selected from one or more combinations of barium hydroxide octahydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, ferric chloride hexahydrate, sodium carbonate decahydrate, potassium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate, calcium bromide hexahydrate, magnesium iodide octahydrate, calcium iodide hexahydrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate, sodium aluminum sulfate decahydrate, sodium metasilicate tetrahydrate, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, magnesium chloride tetrahydrate, sodium borate decahydrate, ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate and hydrated aluminum oxide.

9. An application of a capsule fire extinguisher as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Application in battery fire prevention and control.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The capsule fire extinguisher is used in fire prevention and control of electrical boxes / cabinets, distribution boxes / cabinets, and transformer boxes / cabinets.

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