A method and device for regulating the amount of slag-containing iron in a blast furnace hearth

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high furnace hearth residue iron quantity regulation and control method and regulation and control device.The regulation and control method includes when working iron mouth cannot normally open, determine the residue iron production parameter in set time period, wherein, set time period is the time period from the time of previous closing working iron mouth to current time;Residue iron production parameter and the maximum residue iron quantity of hearth are used to determine the required length of time for residue iron in high furnace to increase to the maximum residue iron quantity of hearth;Determine the fault handling length of time for solving working iron mouth failure;Determine whether the required length of time is greater than or equal to the fault handling length of time;If yes, control the blast pressure of high furnace not more than set blast pressure;If not, control the blast volume in high furnace to reduce set blast volume value per minute.The application provides a kind of high furnace hearth residue iron quantity regulation and control method and regulation and control device, under the condition of ensuring the safety of high furnace hearth, maximumly reduce the high furnace production loss and cost loss when working iron mouth abnormality cannot discharge residue iron.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blast furnace ironmaking technology, and in particular to a method and device for regulating the amount of slag and iron in the hearth of a blast furnace. Background Technology

[0002] During blast furnace production, the slag and iron discharged from the taphole are essentially in equilibrium with the slag and iron generated inside the blast furnace. This is a necessary condition for normal blast furnace production. Both the slag and iron generated during blast furnace smelting need to be discharged from the taphole periodically. Once this equilibrium is broken, it will inevitably lead to abnormal blast furnace production and a deterioration in various production indicators.

[0003] Currently, in domestic blast furnaces, regardless of the number of tapholes, generally only one taphole can operate independently. In a single taphole configuration, numerous factors can prevent the taphole from opening properly, such as slag and iron channel leakage, taphole opening machine malfunction, hydraulic cannon failure, etc. Each major anomaly can take tens of minutes or even several hours to resolve.

[0004] Excessive slag and iron buildup in the hearth, if not promptly removed, can easily lead to hearth burn-through, explosions, and other safety accidents. Therefore, under current technological conditions, when abnormalities occur in the taphole equipment and slag / iron trough before taphole opening, blast furnace operators first consider reducing blast and oxygen to slow slag and iron buildup, buying time to address the taphole anomaly and ensure hearth safety. To ensure safety, blast furnace operators typically reduce the blast volume to a minimum and shut off oxygen, aiming for the slowest possible slag and iron buildup rate to mitigate risk. This inevitably leads to increased blast furnace consumption, reduced output, and higher costs. Furthermore, with the taphole's restoration timeline uncertain, hearth safety risks continue to rise.

[0005] Typically, slag and iron accumulate on the surface of molten iron. When this accumulation is not smooth and the molten iron level rises, the slag and iron can easily enter the blast furnace tuyeres, causing them to burn through. Currently, there is no control method for slag and iron generation in the hearth when the taphole cannot be opened. As a result, operators generally rely on experience, leading to prolonged troubleshooting time and significant disruption to blast furnace production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method and device for regulating the slag and iron content in the blast furnace hearth, which minimizes the loss of blast furnace output and cost when the taphole fails to discharge slag and iron under the condition of ensuring the safety of the blast furnace hearth.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for regulating the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace is provided, the method comprising:

[0008] When the working tap cannot be opened normally, determine the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period, wherein the set time period is the period from the time when the working tap was last closed to the current time.

[0009] The time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the hearth is determined based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth.

[0010] Determine the fault handling time for resolving the aforementioned working iron tap fault;

[0011] Determine whether the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time;

[0012] If so, the blast furnace inlet air pressure is controlled to not exceed the set air pressure;

[0013] If not, the air volume inside the blast furnace is controlled to decrease by a set air volume value every minute.

[0014] Optionally, the slag and iron production parameters include the slag and iron production rate of the blast furnace during the set time period and the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace at the current moment;

[0015] The step of determining the time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the hearth, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, includes:

[0016] The increase in blast furnace slag and iron is determined based on the difference between the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth and the current blast furnace slag and iron capacity.

[0017] The required duration is determined based on the increase in blast furnace slag and iron and the slag and iron production rate.

[0018] Optionally, the set air pressure includes the blast furnace feed air pressure before the working taphole cannot be opened normally.

[0019] Optionally, before controlling the air volume in the blast furnace to decrease by a set air volume value per minute, the following steps are included:

[0020] Determine the unit air consumption of the blast furnace;

[0021] The set air volume value is determined based on the slag and iron production parameters, the blast furnace air consumption, the required time, and the fault handling time.

[0022] Optionally, before determining the required time for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the slag and iron in the hearth based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, the following steps are included:

[0023] Establish a calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth of a blast furnace when slag and iron cannot be discharged.

[0024] The maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth is determined based on the calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth.

[0025] Optionally, the step of establishing a calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth under conditions where the blast furnace cannot discharge slag and iron includes:

[0026] The calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth is determined based on the effective volume of the hearth, the blast furnace safety factor, the hearth volume coefficient, the molten iron density, and the slag-iron density.

[0027] Optionally, the calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth is determined by the following formula:

[0028] M=((V*φ1)+(V*φ2))*γ*Ψ;

[0029] Wherein, M represents the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, V represents the effective volume of the hearth, φ1 represents the density of the molten iron, φ2 represents the density of the slag and iron, γ represents the safety factor of the blast furnace, and Ψ represents the volume coefficient of the hearth.

[0030] Optionally, when the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration, a backup taphole is mined.

[0031] Optionally, when the fault handling time cannot be determined, the oxygen enrichment input to the blast furnace is stopped, the air volume in the blast furnace is reduced to the minimum value, and preparations for shutdown of the blast furnace are made.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for regulating the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace is provided. The device includes: a slag and iron parameter determination module, a time determination module, a comparison module, and a control module.

[0033] The slag and iron parameter determination module is used to determine the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period when the working tap cannot be opened normally. The set time period is the time period from the last time the working tap was closed to the current time.

[0034] The duration determination module is used to determine the time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the slag and iron in the hearth, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum capacity of the hearth, as well as to determine the fault handling time for resolving the working taphole fault.

[0035] The comparison module is used to determine whether the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration;

[0036] The control module is used to control the blast furnace inlet air pressure to not exceed the set air pressure when the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration, and to control the air volume in the blast furnace to decrease by a set air volume value per minute when the required duration is less than the fault handling duration.

[0037] This invention provides a method for regulating the slag and iron content in the blast furnace hearth. The method includes: when the working taphole cannot be opened normally, determining the slag and iron production parameters for a set time period; then, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron content in the hearth, determining the required time for the slag and iron content in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum slag and iron content in the hearth, and determining the fault handling time for resolving the working taphole malfunction. Next, determining whether the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time; and if the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, controlling the blast furnace inlet air pressure to not exceed a set air pressure, which can be the original inlet air pressure, thereby ensuring that the blast furnace iron production is not reduced even when the working taphole cannot be opened normally. If the required time is less than the fault handling time, controlling the blast volume in the blast furnace to decrease by a set air volume value per minute, so as to appropriately reduce the blast volume in the blast furnace before the working taphole can be opened, thereby reducing the amount of slag and iron produced by the blast furnace. This avoids oxygen shutdown operations in the blast furnace and prevents the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace from reaching the maximum slag and iron content in the hearth before the working taphole opens. Compared to existing technologies that simply shut off oxygen when the taphole cannot be opened, the blast furnace hearth slag and iron regulation method provided in this embodiment can take corresponding measures according to the specific situation, and minimize the blast furnace production loss and cost loss when the taphole cannot discharge slag and iron abnormally, while ensuring the safety of the blast furnace hearth.

[0038] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for regulating the amount of slag and iron in the hearth of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The control method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0045] S110. When the working tap cannot be opened normally, determine the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period, wherein the set time period is the period from the time when the working tap was last closed to the current time.

[0046] Specifically, the working taphole refers to the taphole used for discharging slag and iron. The current moment refers to the moment when it is discovered that the working taphole cannot be opened normally. When the working taphole cannot be opened normally, the slag and iron in the blast furnace cannot be discharged. At this time, the time period from the last time the working taphole was closed to the current point when it cannot be opened (i.e., the set time period) is determined, and the slag and iron production parameters within the set time period are determined. The slag and iron production parameters may include the amount of blast furnace slag and iron produced by the blast furnace M1 within the set time period t2, and the slag and iron production rate S1 per minute of the blast furnace within the set time period. The slag and iron production rate S1 can be: S1 = M1 / t2.

[0047] When the taphole was opened previously, all the slag and iron in the blast furnace could be discharged. Therefore, the amount of blast furnace slag and iron produced by the blast furnace within the set time period t2, M1, can be the amount of blast furnace slag and iron in the blast furnace at the current moment, M1. The amount of blast furnace slag and iron produced by the blast furnace within the set time period t2, M1, can be calculated based on the blast furnace's coal consumption, oxygen consumption, etc.

[0048] S120. Determine the time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the hearth based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum capacity of the hearth.

[0049] Specifically, let M be the maximum slag-iron capacity of the hearth. When the taphole cannot be opened normally, determine the current slag-iron quantity M1 in the blast furnace, and determine the time required for the slag-iron quantity in the blast furnace to increase from M1 to the maximum slag-iron capacity M in the hearth. The required time t3 can be determined based on the slag-iron production rate S1, the current slag-iron quantity M1 in the blast furnace, and the maximum slag-iron capacity M in the hearth. For example, the required time t3 can be determined using the following formula:

[0050] t3 = (M - M1) / S1.

[0051] S130. Determine the fault handling time for resolving working iron tap faults.

[0052] Specifically, if the working iron tap cannot be opened normally, it indicates that there is a fault in the working iron tap. At this time, identify the fault type of the working iron tap and determine the time required to resolve the fault so that the working iron tap can be opened normally, which is the fault handling time t1.

[0053] S140. Determine whether the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time.

[0054] Compare the required time t3 with the fault handling time t1. If it is determined that the required time t3 is greater than or equal to the fault handling time t1, then proceed to step S150; if it is determined that the required time t3 is less than the fault handling time t1, then proceed to step S160.

[0055] S150. Control the blast furnace inlet air pressure to not exceed the set air pressure.

[0056] Specifically, when the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, it means that when the fault handling at the working taphole is completed, the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace will not exceed the maximum slag and iron capacity M of the hearth. Therefore, when the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, the working state of the blast furnace can be kept unchanged, that is, the slag and iron production rate of the blast furnace can continue to be maintained at S1, and oxygen shutdown operation and the amount of air entering the furnace can be reduced to a minimum, so as not to reduce the output of the blast furnace.

[0057] The set air pressure can be the original air pressure fed into the blast furnace, which is the air pressure fed into the blast furnace before the working taphole was found to be unable to open normally. The original air pressure can be 5 kPa. The set air pressure can also be appropriately lower or higher than the original air pressure fed into the blast furnace.

[0058] S160, Control the air volume in the blast furnace to decrease by the set air volume value every minute.

[0059] Specifically, when the required time is less than the fault handling time, it indicates that the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace has reached the maximum slag and iron capacity M of the hearth, but the fault at the working taphole has not been resolved, and the working taphole still cannot be opened. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the blast furnace's airflow, that is, to control the blast furnace to reduce the set airflow value per minute based on the original airflow, in order to reduce the amount of slag and iron produced by the blast furnace.

[0060] For example, the specific method for reducing blast is as follows: First, determine the blast consumption required to produce 1 ton of slag-iron in the current blast furnace. Generally, the blast consumption for producing 1 ton of iron in a blast furnace with a capacity of 1000m³~2000m³ is 1000m³~1050m³, meaning that 1000m³~1050m³ of blast is needed to produce 1 ton of slag-iron (there are slight differences due to different raw materials for blast furnaces with different furnace caps). Then, determine the cumulative blast reduction M3 = (t1-t3)*S1*1050 until the working taphole can be opened normally. The required blast control amount for the blast furnace is: M3 / t1m³ / min. The set blast value can be greater than or equal to M3 / t1.

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for regulating the slag and iron content in the blast furnace hearth. The method includes: when the working taphole cannot open normally, determining the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period; then, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron content in the hearth, determining the required time for the slag and iron content in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum slag and iron content in the hearth, and determining the fault handling time for resolving the working taphole malfunction. Next, determining whether the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, and if the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time...

[0062] The blast furnace feed air pressure is controlled to not exceed a set air pressure, which can be the original feed air pressure. This ensures that the blast furnace iron production is not reduced even when the working taphole cannot be opened normally. When the required time is less than the fault handling time, the air volume in the blast furnace is reduced by a set air volume value per minute. This appropriately reduces the air volume in the blast furnace before the working taphole can be opened, thereby reducing the amount of slag and iron produced by the blast furnace. This avoids both oxygen shutdown and prevents the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace from reaching the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth before the working taphole can be opened. Compared to existing technologies that simply shut down oxygen when the working taphole cannot be opened, the blast furnace hearth slag and iron capacity control method provided in this embodiment can take corresponding measures according to specific circumstances. While ensuring the safety of the blast furnace hearth, it minimizes the blast furnace production loss and cost loss when the working taphole cannot discharge slag and iron abnormally.

[0063] Optionally, the slag and iron production parameters include the slag and iron production rate S1 of the blast furnace within a set time period and the slag and iron quantity M1 of the blast furnace at the current moment.

[0064] The time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the hearth is determined based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum capacity of the hearth. This includes: determining the amount of slag and iron increase based on the difference between the maximum capacity of the hearth and the current slag and iron in the blast furnace; and determining the required time based on the slag and iron increase and the slag and iron production rate.

[0065] Specifically, the slag-iron production rate S1 can be the ratio of the current blast furnace slag-iron quantity M1 to the set time period t2, i.e., S1 = M1 / t2. The increase in blast furnace slag-iron quantity M2 = M - M1, and the required time t3 can be the ratio of the increase in blast furnace slag-iron quantity M2 to the slag-iron production rate S1, i.e., t3 = M2 / S1. That is, under the condition that the blast furnace production status remains unchanged, the time required for the slag-iron quantity in the blast furnace to reach the maximum slag-iron capacity of the hearth from the current moment.

[0066] Optionally, the set air pressure includes the blast furnace feed air pressure before the working taphole cannot be opened normally.

[0067] Specifically, when the blast furnace feed pressure is the same as the blast furnace feed pressure before the working taphole could not be opened normally (i.e., the blast furnace feed pressure remains unchanged), the amount of slag and iron produced in the blast furnace after the required time will not exceed the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, thus ensuring the safety of the blast furnace hearth. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, the blast furnace feed pressure is controlled to be the same as the blast furnace feed pressure before the working taphole could not be opened normally. This ensures that the iron production of the blast furnace remains basically unchanged, and also ensures that the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace does not exceed the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth before the fault at the working taphole is resolved, thereby ensuring the safety of the blast furnace hearth.

[0068] Optionally, before controlling the blast furnace air volume to decrease by a set air volume value per minute, the following steps are taken: determining the blast furnace air consumption per unit time; and determining the set air volume value based on slag and iron production parameters, blast furnace air consumption per unit time, required time, and fault handling time.

[0069] Specifically, blast furnace air consumption per unit time refers to the amount of air consumed during blast furnace production per unit time. Before executing step S160, the set air volume value must be determined first.

[0070] Determining the set airflow value specifically includes: first, determining the blast furnace blast consumption per unit; then, determining the set airflow value based on slag and iron production parameters, blast furnace blast consumption per unit, required time, and fault handling time. The cumulative reduction in blast volume required by the blast furnace can be determined by multiplying the slag and iron production rate S1 in the slag and iron production parameters by the difference between the blast furnace blast consumption per unit and the fault handling time and required time, i.e., cumulative reduction in blast volume M3 = (t1 - t3) * S1 * h1, where h1 is the blast furnace blast consumption per unit. The set airflow value is then determined based on the ratio of the cumulative reduction in blast volume M3 to the fault handling time t1. This is the set airflow volume that needs to be reduced per minute in the blast furnace before the working taphole fault is resolved. This ensures that the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace does not exceed the maximum slag and iron capacity M of the hearth before the working taphole is opened normally.

[0071] Optionally, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, the time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth is determined, including: establishing a calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth under the condition that the blast furnace cannot discharge slag and iron; and determining the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth based on the calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth.

[0072] Specifically, the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth refers to the maximum amount of slag and iron that the hearth can store. Determining the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth allows for the implementation of corresponding measures to control the amount of slag produced by the blast furnace before the amount of slag and iron in the hearth reaches the maximum capacity, thus preventing irreparable losses caused by the amount of slag in the blast furnace exceeding the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth.

[0073] Optionally, a calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth under the condition that the blast furnace cannot discharge slag and iron is established, including: determining the calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth based on the effective volume of the hearth, the blast furnace safety factor, the hearth volume factor, the density of molten iron, and the density of slag and iron.

[0074] Optionally, the calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth is determined by the following formula:

[0075] M = ((V*φ1) + (V*φ2)) * γ * Ψ; where M represents the maximum slag-iron capacity of the hearth, V represents the effective volume of the hearth, φ1 represents the density of molten iron, φ2 represents the density of slag-iron, γ represents the blast furnace safety factor, and Ψ represents the hearth volume factor.

[0076] Specifically, the effective volume V of the blast furnace hearth is defined as the volume below the lower edge of the tuyeres (where high-temperature slag and iron can quickly burn through the tuyeres because they are made of metal and lack refractory material). For example, the maximum amount of slag and iron that the hearth can store is M = ((V*7) + (V*0.35))*0.75*0.35. Where: 0.35 represents the slag-iron density φ2 (tons / m³); 7 represents the iron density φ1 (tons / m³); 0.75 represents the acceptable safety factor γ of the blast furnace. This safety factor can be any value between 0 and 1. The smaller the value, the lower the blast furnace hearth's ability to accept safety risks. The blast furnace safety factor can be between 0.7 and 0.8, meaning that when the slag-iron content in the blast furnace hearth reaches 80%, the blast furnace can safely shut down for operation. 0.35 represents the hearth volume coefficient Ψ, meaning that a large portion of the blast furnace hearth volume is still occupied by coke, debris, etc. This hearth volume coefficient Ψ can be calculated from the volume occupied by the coke accumulated in the hearth after the blast furnace is shut down. It is a practical value after multiple blast furnace shutdowns, representing that during blast furnace production, coke occupies about 65% of the volume inside the hearth.

[0077] Optionally, when the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration, a backup taphole may be mined.

[0078] Specifically, when the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, the depth of the working taphole from the previous furnace run is used as the reference value for the current furnace run. A pneumatic drill is used to drill the refractory clay sealing the outside of the taphole to a depth of approximately 1 meter (about 20 minutes). Then, medium-pressure oxygen is connected to a metal oxygen pipe and placed into the small hole drilled by the pneumatic drill. The oxygen is not turned on, and no ignition is performed, thus completing the extraction of the backup taphole. At this time, the blast furnace blast pressure will increase due to the inability to dissipate heat from the hearth. As the blast pressure increases, the blast furnace operation adopts methods such as reducing the blast temperature, reducing the amount of pulverized coal injected, and reducing the oxygen enrichment to balance the hearth heat and maintain the blast pressure entering the blast furnace not exceeding the original blast pressure by 5 kPa.

[0079] Optionally, when the duration of troubleshooting cannot be determined, oxygen enrichment input to the blast furnace shall be stopped, the air volume in the blast furnace shall be reduced to the minimum value, and preparations for shutdown of the blast furnace shall be made.

[0080] Specifically, the fault handling time t1 may be uncertain. For example, when the factory loses power, the working iron tap will not be able to open normally. At this time, it is unknown when the factory will regain power. Therefore, the fault handling time t1 will be uncertain.

[0081] When the fault handling time t1 is uncertain, the working taphole cannot be opened for a considerable period of time. If it is uncertain when the working taphole will be repaired, the blast furnace operation should immediately stop oxygen enrichment, immediately reduce blast to the minimum level, and implement a rest blast charge replenishment operation. After the rest blast charge is replenished, the blast furnace should be shut down directly, thereby reducing the probability of dangerous hearth accidents.

[0082] To better understand the method for controlling the slag and iron content in the blast furnace hearth provided in this embodiment of the invention, a specific embodiment will be introduced below to aid understanding:

[0083] The blast furnace has an effective volume of 1050 m³. Under normal production conditions, slag and iron are discharged from two tapholes. In October 2023, one taphole's main channel was under repair, and iron was being tapped from only one taphole. During a certain heat, the single taphole in front of the blast furnace could not discharge slag and iron normally, and the main unit of the taphole opening machine broke. Replacing the main unit of the taphole opening machine would take approximately 120 minutes. The blast furnace has been closed for 28 minutes since the last furnace run. The blast furnace air volume is 2300 m³ / min (including oxygen enrichment). The volume below the tuyeres in the blast furnace hearth is 108 m³. The maximum amount of slag and iron that the blast furnace hearth can store is M = (108*7 + 108*3.5)*0.75*0.35 = 298 tons. After 28 minutes of closure, 80.6 tons of slag and iron are generated in the hearth. The amount of slag and iron generated per minute is S1 = 80.6 / 28 = 2.88 tons. The time required for the amount of slag and iron generated in the blast furnace hearth to reach M is t3 = (289 - 80.6) / 2.88 = 72.36 minutes. 72.36 minutes is the required time. The approximately 120 minutes required to replace the taphole machine is the troubleshooting time. The troubleshooting time is longer than the required time, indicating that the amount of slag and iron stored in the hearth is at a controllable level before the taphole is opened normally. At this point, based on the taphole depth value of the previous furnace, the approximate taphole depth for this furnace is estimated to be L=2300mm. A pneumatic drill is used to drill the refractory clay sealing material outside the taphole, reaching a depth of approximately 1.6 meters, taking 36 minutes. Then, medium-pressure oxygen is connected to a metal oxygen pipe and placed into the small hole drilled by the pneumatic drill. The oxygen is not turned on, and no ignition is performed. Because the heat in the blast furnace hearth cannot be dissipated, the blast furnace blast pressure increases by 3 kPa, and the blast furnace blast temperature decreases by 10°C. Simultaneously, the pulverized coal injection rate is reduced by 0.5 t / h, and the oxygen enrichment rate is reduced by 1000 m³ / h to balance the heat in the hearth and maintain the blast furnace inlet blast pressure stable below 320 kPa.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for regulating the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 2The control device provided in this embodiment includes: a slag and iron parameter determination module 210, a duration determination module 220, a comparison module 230, and a control module 240. The slag and iron parameter determination module 210 is used to determine the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period when the working taphole cannot be opened normally. The set time period is the time period from the last time the working taphole was closed to the current time. The duration determination module 220 is used to determine the required time for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the blast furnace based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum capacity of the hearth, and to determine the fault handling time for resolving the working taphole failure. The comparison module 230 is used to determine whether the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling time. The control module 240 is used to control the blast furnace inlet air pressure to not exceed the set air pressure when the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling time, and to control the air volume in the blast furnace to decrease by a set air volume value per minute when the required duration is less than the fault handling time.

[0085] The device for regulating the slag and iron content of the blast furnace hearth provided in this embodiment has corresponding beneficial effects as the method for regulating the slag and iron content of the blast furnace hearth provided in any embodiment of the present invention. For technical details not covered in this embodiment, please refer to the method for regulating the slag and iron content of the blast furnace hearth provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0087] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace, characterized in that, include: When the working tap cannot be opened normally, determine the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period, wherein the set time period is the period from the time when the working tap was last closed to the current time. The time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the hearth is determined based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth. Determine the fault handling time for resolving the aforementioned working iron tap fault; Determine whether the required time is greater than or equal to the fault handling time; If so, the blast furnace inlet air pressure is controlled to not exceed the set air pressure; If not, the air volume inside the blast furnace is controlled to decrease by a set air volume value every minute.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag and iron production parameters include the slag and iron production rate of the blast furnace during the set time period and the amount of slag and iron in the blast furnace at the current moment. The step of determining the time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the hearth, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, includes: The increase in blast furnace slag and iron is determined based on the difference between the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth and the current blast furnace slag and iron capacity. The required duration is determined based on the increase in blast furnace slag and iron and the slag and iron production rate.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set air pressure includes the blast furnace feed air pressure before the working taphole cannot be opened normally.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before controlling the air volume in the blast furnace to decrease by a set air volume value per minute, the following steps are included: Determine the unit air consumption of the blast furnace; The set air volume value is determined based on the slag and iron production parameters, the blast furnace air consumption, the required time, and the fault handling time.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the required time for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the blast furnace based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth, the process includes: Establish a calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth of a blast furnace when slag and iron cannot be discharged. The maximum slag and iron capacity of the hearth is determined based on the calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The establishment of a calculation model for slag and iron storage in the hearth under the condition that the blast furnace cannot discharge slag and iron includes: The calculation model for storing slag and iron in the hearth is determined based on the effective volume of the hearth, the blast furnace safety factor, the hearth volume coefficient, the molten iron density, and the slag-iron density.

7. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration, a backup taphole is mined.

8. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the duration of the fault handling cannot be determined, the oxygen enrichment input to the blast furnace is stopped, the air volume in the blast furnace is reduced to the minimum value, and preparations for shutdown of the blast furnace are made.

9. A device for regulating the slag and iron content in the hearth of a blast furnace, characterized in that, include: The module includes a slag and iron parameter determination module, a duration determination module, a comparison module, and a control module. The slag and iron parameter determination module is used to determine the slag and iron production parameters within a set time period when the working tap cannot be opened normally. The set time period is the time period from the last time the working tap was closed to the current time. The duration determination module is used to determine the time required for the slag and iron in the blast furnace to increase to the maximum capacity of the slag and iron in the hearth, based on the slag and iron production parameters and the maximum capacity of the hearth, as well as to determine the fault handling time for resolving the working taphole fault. The comparison module is used to determine whether the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration; The control module is used to control the blast furnace inlet air pressure to not exceed the set air pressure when the required duration is greater than or equal to the fault handling duration, and to control the air volume in the blast furnace to decrease by a set air volume value per minute when the required duration is less than the fault handling duration.

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