A copper alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a copper alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. The copper alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: Cu: 56-64%, Sn: 0.5-2.0%, Si: 0.1-1.0%, and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.1%; and the microstructure of the copper alloy material comprises alpha phase, beta phase, Sn phase and Si phase, wherein 10%≤ area ratio of the alpha phase≤30%, 60%≤ area ratio of the beta phase≤80%, 5000 / mm 2 ≤ number of Sn particles≤20000 / mm 2 , 2000 / mm 2 ≤ number of Si particles≤10000 / mm 2 The application controls the alloy components, contents and wire drawing processes, adjusts the microstructure of the copper alloy material, controls the area ratios of the phases and the number of Sn and Si particles, so that the prepared copper alloy material has high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and conductivity and a low melting point, and has good weld forming property and easy processing, and has a wide application prospect in the welding field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of copper alloy, and particularly relates to a copper alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The application of tin silicon brass welding wire mainly involves the industries of manufacturing, electronics and electrical engineering, chemical industry, automobile manufacturing, aerospace, shipbuilding, household appliances and metal art making. In the process of mechanical manufacturing, tin silicon brass welding wire is often used for welding various mechanical parts such as bearings, gears and shafts due to its excellent welding performance and physical properties. The parts in precision equipment or instruments often have higher requirements for welding quality, and tin silicon brass welding wire can provide higher strength and higher precision welding to ensure the quality and performance of the products.

[0003] In the field of electronics and electrical engineering, good electrical conductivity is a key factor, and tin silicon brass welding wire can be used for manufacturing and repairing conductive parts to ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment. Underwater welding operations in marine engineering face the challenges of high pressure and corrosion environment, and tin silicon brass welding wire is widely used due to its good corrosion resistance. In the automobile manufacturing industry, tin silicon brass welding wire is used for welding various automobile parts such as engine parts and exhaust systems to improve the overall performance of the vehicle.

[0004] According to the above application fields, tin silicon brass welding wire is mainly suitable for welding of iron alloy and steel, iron and iron, copper and iron, and its welding methods are also various. One of them is to make the welding wire into a ring shape, and use electromagnetic induction heating to melt the welding ring to form a weld. This requires the material itself to have a certain plasticity to meet the forming requirements of the welding ring. In addition, the welding wire material itself needs to have a low melting point characteristic to meet the good flowability of the material when it is melted, so as to meet the integrity of the filler between the base materials and reduce the defects of poor surface forming. In addition, there are gas welding, manual arc welding, argon arc welding, etc. to meet different welding needs.

[0005] The traditional tin silicon brass welding wire material (BCu60ZnSnSi) has good formability of the weld, but it has a large tendency of cracks and pores in the weld and heat affected zone, low electrical conductivity, general weld strength, general processability and general corrosion resistance, which has gradually failed to meet the needs of modern industrial level welding wire materials.

[0006] Patent document CN109434318A discloses a tin brass alloy solder, including 61.5-63wt% of Cu, 0.7-1.0wt% of Sn, 0.4-0.8wt% of Si, 0.02-0.2wt% of Ni, 0.02-0.2wt% of Al, 0.02-0.15wt% of As, 0.02-0.2wt% of Ti, and the rest is Zn and inevitable impurities, wherein the total content of Cu and Zn is greater than 97.0wt%. The tin brass alloy solder in the invention has a high melting point, low strength, and a high probability of cracks and pores in the welding process, resulting in a low yield of the product, and the conductivity of the material is not studied in the invention.

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the brass solder in the prior art, it is of great significance to seek a brass material with good weld formability, good conductivity, small tendency of thermal cracks and pores, high strength, good processability and high corrosion resistance. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a copper alloy material and its preparation method and application. The copper alloy material has excellent conductivity, low melting point, high strength and excellent corrosion resistance, and has good weld formability, easy processing and other characteristics, which can meet the needs of modern industrial development of welding materials.

[0009] The first aspect of the present application provides a copper alloy material, including the following mass percentage of components, Cu: 56-64%, Sn: 0.5-2.0%, Si: 0.1-1.0%, and the balance is Zn and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of inevitable impurities is ≤0.1%; the microstructure of the copper alloy material includes α phase, β phase, Sn phase and Si phase, wherein 10%≤α phase area ratio≤30%, 60%≤β phase area ratio≤80%, 5000 / mm 2 ≤Sn particle number≤20000 / mm 2 , 2000 / mm 2 ≤Si particle number≤10000 / mm 2 .

[0010] The application controls the performance of copper alloy material by controlling the composition, content and microstructure of the alloy. Sn element is the main strengthening element of the material, which is uniformly distributed in the form of single-phase particles in the matrix, producing dispersion strengthening, hindering the slip of dislocation when the material deforms, producing dislocation pile-up, and improving the strength of the material. In high temperature and corrosive environment, tin can form a dense tin oxide (SnO2) protective film on the surface of the copper matrix. This layer has stability and can prevent the substrate from further oxidation, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of the material. When welding, tin improves the fluidity and wettability of the material, and excellent flow performance ensures that the welding wire can uniformly fill the weld during welding, forming a smooth weld surface. Good wetting performance enables the welding wire to be tightly combined with the base material, improving the welding quality.

[0011] The Sn content of the application is between 0.5-2.0%, when the Sn content is less than 0.5%, the material strength and corrosion resistance are not greatly improved, and the fluidity and wettability of the material during welding are insufficient and poor, resulting in poor formability and bonding ability of the weld, and low strength and corrosion resistance of the weld. When the Sn content is higher than 2.0%, the strength and corrosion resistance of the material will be greatly improved, but due to the low melting point (231℃) of Sn, the fluidity of the material during welding is too good, resulting in poor formability of the weld and reducing the service life of the weld.

[0012] Si element is the main strengthening element of the material, which is uniformly distributed in the form of single-phase particles in the matrix, producing dispersion strengthening, hindering the slip of dislocation when the material deforms, producing dislocation pile-up, and improving the strength of the material. During welding, Si will react with oxygen in the molten pool to form SiO2 in the form of slag, reducing the formation of pores, and effectively controlling the evaporation of zinc to ensure the integrity and good mechanical properties of the weld.

[0013] The Si content of the application is between 0.1-1.0%, when the Si content is less than 0.1%, the strength of the material is less improved, and the degassing is insufficient during welding, which can cause pores in the weld and reduce the performance of the weld. When the Si content is higher than 1.0%, it is easy to react with oxygen during welding to generate more low-melting silicates. This not only increases the fluidity of the slag and molten metal, but also may cause spatter, thereby affecting the quality of the weld and easily causing cracks. In addition, high silicon content can sharply reduce the welding performance of steel, because it can promote the growth of columnar crystals in cast steel, reduce plasticity, and may also cause cracks, further affecting the quality and strength of the welded joint.

[0014] When the content of Zn is 36-46%, the material is a dual-phase brass of alpha and beta, and when the content of Zn exceeds 46%, the material is a single-phase brass of beta, the content of each element in the alloy and the subsequent annealing parameters are controlled to control the area ratio of each phase and the particle number of Si and Sn in the material. The alpha phase is a phase with Cu as the matrix, which is a soft phase, and too much will reduce the strength of the weld, so the present application limits 10%≤ the area ratio of the alpha phase ≤30%. At the same time, the present application controls 60%≤ the area ratio of the beta phase ≤80% to ensure the strength of the weld. The particle number of Si and Sn will affect the brittleness of the material and the weld and the fluidity of the metal during welding, and by controlling the particle number of Si and Sn in the above range, the present application can avoid the aggregation of Si and Sn, reduce the brittleness of the material and the weld, and make the formability of the weld better.

[0015] Preferably, the copper alloy material comprises P, and the content of P is 0.001-0.3%.

[0016] The element P is a deoxidizing agent in the material, and also plays a role in refining the grain and increasing the melt flowability, P will react with oxygen in the melt to generate P2O5 and volatilize to achieve the purpose of deoxidization. When solidifying, it will hinder the growth of the grain to achieve the purpose of refining the grain.

[0017] The present application controls the content of P in the copper alloy material to be 0.001-0.3%. When the content of P is less than 0.001%, its deoxidizing, grain refining and melt flowability increasing effects are small; when the content of P is higher than 0.3%, it will react with Cu to generate Cu3P phase, and Cu3P is a brittle phase that will reduce the plasticity of the material and deteriorate the performance of the material. When welding steel, P will be solidified into steel in large quantities, resulting in cold brittleness and reducing the strength of the weld.

[0018] P is added to the copper alloy material, and P will react with Cu to generate Cu3P phase. Preferably, the area ratio of Cu3P phase satisfies: 0.2%≤ the area ratio of Cu3P phase ≤3%. Cu3P phase is a hard phase and has wear-resistant characteristics, a small amount of Cu3P phase can improve the strength and wear-resistant performance of the material, and can also improve the strength and wear-resistant performance of the weld, and when it is too much, the material will become brittle, and the weld will also become brittle, affecting the performance of the weld. The present application controls the area ratio of Cu3P phase in the above range to improve the strength, wear-resistant performance of the material and the quality of the weld.

[0019] Preferably, the oxygen content in the copper alloy material is ≤20ppm. The present application removes oxygen from the melt by adding P, resulting in a copper alloy material with an oxygen content of less than 20ppm. More preferably, the oxygen content in the copper alloy material is ≤10ppm. An increase in the oxygen content of the weld will result in a decrease in the mechanical properties of the weld, such as strength, plasticity, toughness, etc., especially a sharp decrease in low-temperature impact toughness, which will cause the weld to easily break during use. The presence of oxygen will also cause the molten droplets to contain more oxygen and carbon, which will interact to generate CO that expands upon heating, causing the molten droplets to explode and splash, affecting the stability of the welding process.

[0020] Preferably, the copper alloy material includes rare earth elements, and the content of the rare earth elements is 0.01-0.1%.

[0021] The main role of rare earth elements is to refine the grains, remove harmful impurities (Bi and S) from the melt, and improve the purity of the melt and the uniformity of the material structure. The addition of rare earth elements can significantly improve the appearance of the weld, making it more flat and uniform, and the width and height of the weld more stable, thereby improving the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the welded joint. This improvement is due to the optimization of rare earth elements on metal fluidity and wettability, making it easier for the metal to fill the weld, reducing shrinkage and deformation of the weld, and effectively avoiding the generation of welding defects such as cracks. Rare earth elements also have an important influence on the mechanical properties of the welded joint, which can improve the strength, toughness and plasticity of the welded joint, and reduce the generation of welding defects.

[0022] The present application controls the content of rare earth elements to be 0.01-0.1%, when the content of rare earth elements is less than 0.01%, its strengthening effect is weak, when its content is higher than 0.1%, the copper water is viscous during smelting, which is not conducive to upward.

[0023] Preferably, the rare earth elements include at least one of La, Ce or Y, etc. More preferably, the rare earth elements are at least one of La or Ce.

[0024] Preferably, the tensile strength of the copper alloy material is ≥600MPa, the elongation A100mm% is ≥25%, the anti-zinc corrosion performance is ≤20um, the volume resistivity is ≤0.07Ω·mm 2 , and the melting point is ≤860℃.

[0025] The smaller the volume resistivity of the welding wire as a filler metal is, the greater the heating current is under the condition of induction heating, and the easier the melting is, and the main factors affecting the volume resistivity are the composition of the alloy and the processing technology, wherein Sn, Si and Zn can all increase the volume resistivity, and the adding amount of Sn, Si and Zn is limited in the application to reduce the volume resistivity of the material. Meanwhile, the greater the processing rate is, the more the internal defects of the material are, so as to increase the volume resistivity, and the annealing treatment can improve the microstructure of the material, and reduce or eliminate the defects generated in the processing process, and the subsequent annealing parameters are controlled in the application to improve the microstructure of the material, and further reduce the volume resistivity of the material. The lower the melting point of the welding wire is, the easier the melting is, and the higher the welding efficiency is. The composition of the alloy and the subsequent preparation process are controlled in the application, so that the prepared copper alloy material has a lower melting point and volume resistivity, and is easier to melt and has a higher welding efficiency in welding.

[0026] Preferably, the copper alloy material is a copper alloy welding wire.

[0027] The second aspect of the application provides a preparation method of the copper alloy material, comprising the following steps: performing up-drawing continuous casting + electromagnetic stirring on an alloy melt, performing first online annealing on the alloy melt after large-diameter drawing, and performing second online annealing on the alloy melt after medium-diameter drawing.

[0028] The drawing speed of the large-diameter drawing is 6-10 m / s, the annealing coefficient of the first online annealing is 10-20 kU%, and the annealing voltage is 100-130 V; the drawing speed of the medium-diameter drawing is 3-14 m / s, the annealing coefficient of the second online annealing is 25-30 kU%, and the annealing voltage is 90-125 V.

[0029] The drawing speed and the annealing coefficient are matched with each other, the slower the drawing speed is, the lower the annealing coefficient is, and vice versa. Too slow drawing will affect the production efficiency, and too fast drawing speed will make the material in a high-temperature condition during annealing, which not only easily causes wire breakage, but also easily causes overburning, deteriorates the structure and reduces the performance of the material. The annealing voltage is related to the drawing speed and the annealing coefficient, and the annealing voltage needs to be adjusted under different drawing speeds and annealing coefficients to ensure that the material obtains the best annealing effect.

[0030] Too low annealing coefficient will make the material unable to completely recrystallize and anneal during stretching, so that the material retains more processing structure, and the strength of the material is high, so that the strength performance becomes very high during continuous stretching, which causes frequent wire breakage when passing through the die during continuous stretching, and batch production cannot be realized.

[0031] When the annealing coefficient is too high, the material is completely recrystallized, and Sn and Si elements are aggregated, and when welding, the local metal in the molten pool will flow too well due to the aggregation of Sn, resulting in poor weld forming. Secondly, after the aggregation of Si, Si aggregation will occur in the local weld, and Si itself is a brittle phase, which greatly improves the brittleness of the weld and is easy to cause cracks in the weld. The part with less Si will produce pores due to insufficient degassing. And the higher the annealing coefficient, the higher the proportion of the beta phase of the material, the smaller the proportion of the alpha phase, and the fewer the number of Si and Sn particles, which will be more prone to aggregation, increase the brittleness of the material and the brittleness of the weld. Therefore, the annealing coefficient of the present application is limited to 10-20kU% for heavy drawing, and the annealing coefficient is 25-30kU% for medium drawing. In addition, by controlling the annealing coefficient, the influence of the processing rate on the microstructure of the material can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume resistivity.

[0032] The present application realizes the comprehensive optimization of the microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and production efficiency of the material by controlling the drawing speed, annealing coefficient and annealing voltage of the heavy drawing and medium drawing, so that the prepared copper alloy material has high strength and electrical conductivity and low melting point, thereby improving the quality and processing performance of the weld.

[0033] Preferably, the processing rate of the heavy drawing is ≥40%. The present application controls the processing rate of the heavy drawing in the above range to break the as-cast structure and improve the uniformity of the material structure.

[0034] Preferably, the process of up-drawing continuous casting of the alloy melt is: first, melt the raw materials meeting the proportion, the melting temperature is 1020-1100℃, after the raw materials are completely melted, heat preservation is carried out, the heat preservation temperature is 1050-1100℃, then up-drawing continuous casting is carried out, the pulling speed is 4-6mm / s, the pause time is 0.5-1s, the water inlet temperature of the crystallizer is 10-25℃, and the water outlet temperature is 15-35℃. The present application adopts up-drawing continuous casting process for casting, which is mature and low in cost.

[0035] Preferably, the frequency of the electromagnetic stirring is 1-5Hz, and the current is 5-15A. The electromagnetic stirring can refine the grains and improve the uniformity of the structure.

[0036] The third aspect of the present application provides the application of the copper alloy material in the field of welding. The copper alloy material of the present application has excellent electrical conductivity, low melting point, high strength and excellent corrosion resistance, and has good weld forming and easy processing, etc. It has broad application prospects in the field of welding.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The copper alloy material prepared by the application has high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and conductivity, and low melting point, and has good weld forming property and easy processing.

[0039] (2) The copper alloy material solves the problems of low weld strength, welding porosity, low corrosion resistance and poor conductivity of traditional tin-silicon brass welding wire, and has a tensile strength of ≥600 MPa, an elongation A100mm% of ≥25%, an anti-zinc corrosion resistance of ≤20um, a volume resistivity of ≤0.07Ω·mm, and a melting point of ≤860℃, meeting the needs of modern industrial development of welding materials. 2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 Metallographic phase diagram of the copper alloy material prepared in Example 1.

[0041] Figure 2 Metallographic phase diagram of the copper alloy material prepared in Example 2.

[0042] Figure 3 Metallographic phase diagram of the copper alloy material prepared in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The preparation method of the copper alloy material in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0044] (1) The alloy melt is subjected to up-drawing continuous casting + electromagnetic stirring: electrolytic copper, Sn ingot, copper-silicon intermediate alloy (Si20%), phosphorus copper intermediate alloy (P14%), and rare earth Ce / La elements are added to a smelting furnace according to the alloy component ratio for smelting, and the smelting temperature is 1020-1100℃. After the raw materials are completely melted, heat preservation is performed, and the heat preservation temperature is 1050-1100℃. Then, up-drawing continuous casting is performed, the drawing speed is 4-6mm / s, the pause time is 0.5-1s, the water inlet temperature of the crystallizer is 10-25℃, the water outlet temperature is 15-35℃, electromagnetic stirring is used during the up-drawing continuous casting process, and the frequency of the electromagnetic stirring is 1-5Hz and the current is 5-15A.

[0045] (2) Six-bundle large-drawing machines are used for wire drawing and online annealing, the wire drawing speed of the large-drawing is 6-10m / s, the processing rate is ≥40%, the annealing coefficient of the online annealing is 10-20kU%, and the annealing voltage is 100-130V.

[0046] (3) The finished wire drawing and online annealing are performed by using a medium-drawing machine, the wire drawing speed of the medium-drawing is 3-14m / s, the annealing coefficient of the online annealing is 20-30kU%, and the annealing voltage is 90-125V.​

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The preparation method of the copper alloy material in this example is as follows:

[0049] (1) The alloy melt was subjected to up-drawing continuous casting + electromagnetic stirring: 559 kg of cathode copper, 10 kg of Sn ingot, 25 kg of Cu-Si (Si 20%), 1 kg of Cu-P (P 14%), 0.5 kg of rare earth, and 404 kg of zinc ingot were added to a smelting furnace according to the alloy component ratio for smelting, and after the raw materials were completely melted, heat preservation was performed. Subsequently, up-drawing continuous casting was performed to prepare a casting blank with a specification of Φ8 mm, wherein electromagnetic stirring was adopted during the up-drawing continuous casting process. The alloy components of this example are shown in Table 1, and the specific parameters of the up-drawing continuous casting are shown in Table 2.

[0050] (2) Wire drawing (large-drawing + online annealing): Φ5 mm drawing was performed using a six-union large-drawing machine at a drawing speed of 6 m / s, an annealing coefficient of 16, and an annealing voltage of 120 V, and then Φ3 mm drawing was performed at a drawing speed of 8 m / s, an annealing coefficient of 15, and an annealing voltage of 118 V.

[0051] (3) Finished product drawing (medium-drawing + online annealing): Φ1.5 mm drawing was performed using a medium-drawing machine at a drawing speed of 8 m / s, an annealing coefficient of 26, and an annealing voltage of 118 V.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The preparation method of the copper alloy material in this example is as follows:

[0054] (1) The alloy melt was subjected to up-drawing continuous casting + electromagnetic stirring: 561 kg of cathode copper, 12 kg of Sn ingot, 30 kg of Cu-Si (Si 20%), 1 kg of Cu-P (P 14%), 0.4 kg of rare earth, and 396 kg of zinc ingot were added to a smelting furnace according to the alloy component ratio for smelting, and after the raw materials were completely melted, heat preservation was performed. Subsequently, up-drawing continuous casting was performed to prepare a casting blank with a specification of Φ8 mm, wherein electromagnetic stirring was adopted during the up-drawing continuous casting process. The alloy components of this example are shown in Table 1, and the specific parameters of the up-drawing continuous casting are shown in Table 2.

[0055] (2) Wire drawing (large-drawing + online annealing): Φ5 mm drawing was performed using a six-union large-drawing machine at a drawing speed of 7 m / s, an annealing coefficient of 17, and an annealing voltage of 123 V, and then Φ3 mm drawing was performed at a drawing speed of 8 m / s, an annealing coefficient of 18, and an annealing voltage of 126 V.

[0056] (3) Finished product drawing (medium-drawing + online annealing): Φ1.5 mm drawing was performed using a medium-drawing machine at a drawing speed of 8 m / s, an annealing coefficient of 26, and an annealing voltage of 118 V.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] The preparation method of the copper alloy material in the embodiment is as follows:

[0059] (1) The alloy melt is subjected to upward continuous casting + electromagnetic stirring: the cathode copper 569 kg, Sn ingot 9 kg, Cu-Si (Si 20%) 20 kg, Cu-P (P 14%) 1 kg, rare earth 0.4 kg, and zinc ingot 400 kg are added to a smelting furnace for smelting according to the alloy component proportioning, and after the raw materials are completely melted, heat preservation is performed. Then upward continuous casting is performed to prepare a casting blank with a specification of Φ8 mm, wherein electromagnetic stirring is adopted in the upward continuous casting process. The alloy components of the embodiment are shown in Table 1, and the specific parameters of the upward continuous casting are shown in Table 2.

[0060] (2) Wire drawing (large-diameter wire drawing + online annealing): Φ5 mm drawing is performed by using a six-unit large-diameter wire drawing machine, the drawing speed is 6 m / s, the annealing coefficient is 15, the annealing voltage is 118 V, then Φ3 mm drawing is performed, the drawing speed is 8 m / s, the annealing coefficient is 15, and the annealing voltage is 118 V.

[0061] (3) Finished product drawing (medium-diameter wire drawing + online annealing): Φ1.5 mm drawing is performed by using a medium-diameter wire drawing machine, the wire drawing speed is 7 m / s, the annealing coefficient is 27, and the annealing voltage is 121 V.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] The grade is BCu60ZnSnSi, Cu: 60, Sn 0.8, Si 0.35, Zhejiang Huayang solder, and its preparation process is semi-continuous casting + extrusion + wire drawing + annealing + wire drawing, which is as follows:

[0064] (1) Semi-continuous casting smelting: all elements are added according to the weight percentage, the remaining cathode copper with a purity of 99.99% and zinc ingot are added to a medium-frequency induction furnace, and are melted under the protection of charcoal covering agent; after the cathode copper is completely melted, the copper-skin-wrapped tin block with a purity of 99.9% is added to the bottom of the furnace, then the copper-silicon master alloy is added, then the temperature is raised to 1100°C, the refining is performed by using a stone mill rod, then the furnace temperature is raised to 1260°C, the drawing speed is 60 mm / min, the water inlet temperature is 25°C, the water outlet temperature is 30°C, the cooling water flow is 10-15 m3 / h, and the copper ingot size is Ф195 mm.

[0065] (2) Extrusion: the copper alloy ingot obtained in step (1) is placed in a gas furnace and heated to 670°C, and then reverse extrusion deformation processing is performed; the extrusion deformation processing is performed on a 2200t extruder, the extrusion is in a reverse extrusion mode, and the extrusion die size is Φ6 mm.

[0066] (3) Pickling: the extruded blank obtained in step (2) is pickled, and the extruded blank is placed in a tank with 25% sulfuric acid + 5% nitric acid for pickling to remove surface oxides and oil stains.

[0067] (4) Drawing: then, inverted drawing is performed, the drawing speed is 40 m / min, and the drawing specification is Φ4.5 mm.

[0068] (5) Annealing: bell furnace annealing is adopted, the heating time is 2 h, the holding time is 3 h, and the annealing temperature is 510 ℃.

[0069] (6) Pickling: the annealed sample is pickled, and the pickling conditions are the same as those in step (3).

[0070] (7) Drawing: the pickled sample is drawn, the drawing method is the same as that in step (4), and the drawing specification is Φ3 mm.

[0071] (8) Annealing: the annealing conditions are the same as those in step (5).

[0072] (9) Pickling: the pickling conditions are the same as those in step (3).

[0073] (10) Vertical drawing: the drawing speed is 60 m / min, and the drawing specification is Φ2 mm.

[0074] (11) Vertical drawing: step (10) is repeated, and the drawing specification is Φ1.5 mm.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The alloy components of Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 1, and the preparation process is the same as that in Comparative Example 1 (semi-continuous casting + extrusion + drawing + annealing + drawing).

[0077] Comparative Example 2 adopts the process route of semi-continuous casting + extrusion + drawing + annealing + drawing, the side length of the first production cycle is increased, the annealing frequency is increased, the Si element aggregation degree is increased, the material is brittle, and the weld is also brittle.

[0078] The microstructure performance and physical performance of the finished products of the inventive example and the comparative examples are shown in Table 3 and Table 4, respectively.

[0079] After the materials of the inventive example and the comparative examples are welded, the weld air tightness is detected, the parts are sealed and put into water for pressure test, whether there is bubble out, the parts with problems are subsequently subjected to ultrasonic detection, the defect type is judged, the detection number is 100 parts per group, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0080] Table 1 Alloy components of the inventive example and the comparative examples

[0081] Element Cu % Sn % Si % P％ Rare earth element % Zn % Example 1 59.3 0.9 0.3 0.005 La: 0.05 Balance Example 2 58.6 0.8 0.4 0.004 Ce: 0.04 Balance Example 3 57.9 1.1 0.5 0.008 La: 0.04 Balance Comparative Example 1 60 0.8 0.35 / / Balance Comparative Example 2 58.6 0.8 0.3 0.006 Ce: 0.05 Balance

[0082] Table 2 Melting parameters for inventive and comparative examples

[0083]

[0084] Table 3 Microstructure properties of finished products for inventive and comparative examples

[0085]

[0086] Table 4 Physical properties of finished products for inventive and comparative examples

[0087]

[0088] Table 5 Results of weld seam air tightness testing after welding of materials for inventive and comparative examples

[0089]

Claims

1. A copper alloy material, characterized by, The copper alloy material comprises the following components in mass percentage: Cu: 56-64%, Sn: 0.5-2.0%, Si: 0.1-1.0%, and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of inevitable impurities is ≤0.1%; the microstructure of the copper alloy material comprises α phase, β phase, Sn phase and Si phase, wherein 10%≤ area ratio of α phase≤30%, 60%≤ area ratio of β phase≤80%, 5000 / mm 2 ≤ number of Sn particles≤20000 / mm 2 , 2000 / mm 2 ≤ number of Si particles≤10000 / mm 2 ; The copper alloy material has a tensile strength of ≥600 MPa, an elongation A100mm% of ≥25%, a dezincification corrosion resistance of ≤20 μm, and a volume resistivity of ≤0.07 Ω•mm 2 m, and a melting point of ≤860°C.

2. The copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized by The copper alloy material contains P, and the content of P is 0.001-0.3%.

3. The copper alloy material according to claim 2, characterized by The copper alloy material contains Cu3P phase, and the area proportion of the Cu3P phase satisfies 0.2%≤Cu3P phase area proportion≤3%.

4. The copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized by The oxygen content in the copper alloy material is ≤20ppm.

5. The copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized by The copper alloy material contains rare earth elements, and the content of the rare earth elements is 0.01-0.1%; the rare earth elements include at least one of La, Ce or Y.

6. The copper alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The copper alloy material is a copper alloy welding wire.

7. The method of producing a copper alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: performing up-drawing continuous casting + electromagnetic stirring on an alloy melt→ large-drawing + first online annealing→ medium-drawing + second online annealing. The drawing speed of the large-drawing is 6-10m / s, the annealing coefficient of the first online annealing is 10-20kU%, and the annealing voltage is 100-130V; the drawing speed of the medium-drawing is 3-14m / s, the annealing coefficient of the second online annealing is 25-30kU%, and the annealing voltage is 90-125V.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The processing rate of the large-drawing is ≥40%.

9. Application of the copper alloy material according to any one of claims 1-6 in the field of welding.

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