A porous dry method electrode preparation for electrolysis of water and electrode sheet and applications

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of porous dry method electrode preparation methods, active material, powder binder and powder pore-forming agent are added in mixer, after being mixed uniformly, the powder mixture with uniform particle size distribution is obtained by pulverizer, high shear is provided by twin-screw extruder or open mill, powder binder is fiberized so that sheet forming is formed, further by rolling, the electrode sheet film with target compactness and thickness is formed, finally by heating and drying or solution infiltration treatment to the electrode containing electrode sheet film, porous electrode is obtained.The porous dry method electrode preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and the manufacturing cost is low, suitable for industrialized production application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis technology, and in particular to a method for preparing porous dry electrodes. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of the global energy transition, hydrogen energy, as a green and pollution-free energy carrier, is considered one of the key energy options for the future. Water electrolysis technology can achieve efficient conversion of hydrogen energy into electricity and is expected to serve as an important regulation method for wind and solar power generation.

[0003] The design and fabrication of electrodes play a crucial role in the electrochemical performance of the entire water electrolysis system. Typically, electrodes are prepared using wet processes, which involve forming a homogeneous electrode slurry using solvents and then drying it to form the electrode. This not only increases production complexity but also has adverse environmental impacts due to the drying process. To overcome these drawbacks, dry processes have been developed. Dry processes avoid the use of solvents, manufacturing electrodes by directly rolling powder materials. This significantly simplifies the production process, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes environmental pollution.

[0004] However, during the dry electrode forming process, as the electrode thickness or compaction density increases, the porosity gradually decreases, affecting the catalyst utilization rate, the wettability of the electrolyte in the electrode, and the transport resistance of gaseous products from water electrolysis, thus impacting water electrolysis performance. Adjusting the pore structure of the electrode can increase the number of catalytically active sites without adding additional mass transfer resistance while maintaining a relatively high electrode compaction density or thickness.

[0005] Therefore, it is technically necessary to propose an improved method for preparing porous dry electrodes to avoid the known drawbacks of existing technologies. More specifically, to overcome the contradiction between electrode compaction density, thickness, and porosity, we have developed a porous dry electrode method. This method involves introducing a pore-forming agent into the electrode and forming a porous electrode through drying or impregnation. This preparation method is simple, easy to implement, and has low manufacturing costs, making it suitable for industrial production applications. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention relates to a method for preparing porous dry electrodes for water electrolysis.

[0007] The porous dry electrode preparation method of the present invention is characterized by the following preparation steps:

[0008] (1) Add the active powder material and powder binder to the mixer for mixing;

[0009] (2) Add a pore-forming agent to the powder mixture obtained in step (1) and mix it using a mixer;

[0010] (3) The powder mixture obtained in step (2) is crushed by a pulverizer to obtain a powder mixture of powder active material, powder binder and powder pore-forming agent with uniform particle size distribution;

[0011] (4) The powder mixture obtained in step (3) is subjected to high shear force through a twin-screw extruder or open mill to fiberize the powder binder, thereby forming the powder mixture into a sheet.

[0012] (5) Roll-press the sheet obtained in step (4) at 50-120℃ into an electrode film with a thickness of 10μm-500μm; the compaction density is 40.0mg / cm³. 3 -500.0 mg / cm 3 ;

[0013] (6) Finally, the dry electrode containing the electrode film obtained in step (5) is processed by one of the following methods to obtain a porous dry electrode:

[0014] a) When the pore-forming agent added in step (2) is a pore-forming agent, the electrode is heated and dried to decompose and release the pore-forming agent, forming a porous structure in the electrode, or

[0015] b) When the pore-forming agent added in step (2) is an alkali or salt powder of the electrolyte used in water electrolysis, the solute powder in the electrode is dissolved in the solvent through contact between the electrode and the corresponding electrolyte, thereby forming a porous electrode structure.

[0016] The mass fractions of the active powder, powder binder, and pore-forming agent are 60wt%-96wt%, 2wt%-20wt%, and 2wt%-20wt%, respectively.

[0017] The pore-forming agent is a mixture of one or more of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, urea, and oxalic acid in any proportion. The selection of the pore-forming agent should be optimized based on the target porosity and mechanical strength of the electrode to ensure suitable pore size distribution and electrolyte permeability in electrode applications.

[0018] The heating and drying process is vacuum drying, with a heating and drying temperature of 70℃ to 180℃ and a heating and drying time of 10h to 24h.

[0019] The alkali and salt powders are solute powders of the electrolytes used in water electrolysis.

[0020] The electrode is in contact with the corresponding electrolyte by immersing the electrode alone in the corresponding electrolyte, or by assembling it into an electrolytic cell and circulating the electrolyte in the electrode channel. The immersion or circulation time is 12h to 48h.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that it provides a method for adjusting the pore structure of dry electrode, so that the electrode has better electrochemical performance.

[0022] The porous dry electrode preparation method is simple and easy to implement, with low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for industrial production applications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a porous dry electrode used in the field of water electrolysis technology;

[0024] Figure 2 The performance curves of the electrolytic cells corresponding to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 at 2V are shown.

[0025] Figure 3 The performance curves of the electrolytic cells corresponding to Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 at 1.9V are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The following embodiment provides a method for preparing porous dry electrodes in the field of water electrolysis technology. First, 60wt%-96wt% of powdered active material and 2wt%-20wt% of powdered binder are added to a mixer and mixed for 0.5-5 hours at a speed of 20-1000 r / min and a stirring temperature of 20-80℃. Second, 2wt%-20wt% of a pore-forming agent is added, and the mixture is stirred in a mixer for 0.5-2 hours at a speed of 50-800 r / min and a stirring temperature of 20-80℃. The mixture is then pulverized at 0-80℃ to obtain a powder mixture of active material, binder, and pore-forming agent with uniform particle size distribution. This powder mixture is then subjected to high shear force via a twin-screw extruder or open mill to fiberize the binder, thereby forming the mixture into sheets. The forming temperature is controlled at 20-80℃. The resulting sheets are then rolled at 50-120℃ to form electrode films with a diameter of 10μm-500μm. The compacted density is 40.0 mg / cm³. 3 -500.0 mg / cm 3 Finally, the dry electrode containing the electrode film is heated and dried to decompose and release the pore-forming agent, forming a porous structure in the electrode.

[0028] The pore-forming agent is a mixture of one or more of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, urea and oxalic acid in any proportion.

[0029] The heating and drying process is vacuum drying, with a temperature of 70℃ to 180℃ and a drying time of 10h to 24h.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A method for preparing porous dry electrodes for water electrolysis includes the following steps:

[0032] (1) Add 90wt% FeCoNi high-entropy alloy powder active material (particle size 15-53μm, Shanghai Yanbei New Material Technology Co., Ltd.) and 5wt% PTFE powder binder to a three-dimensional mixer for mixing. The mixing time is set to 3 hours, the speed of the mixer is 500r / min, and the stirring temperature is set to 30℃ to ensure that the powder and binder are mixed evenly.

[0033] (2) Add the powder mixture obtained in step (1) and 5 wt% ammonium bicarbonate powder pore-forming agent to a three-dimensional mixer and continue mixing for 2 hours. The mixer speed is set to 200 r / min and the stirring temperature is maintained at 30℃ to obtain a uniformly dispersed powder mixture of ~30 μm (active substance + binder + pore-forming agent = 100%).

[0034] (3) The powder mixture obtained in step (2) was pulverized using an air jet mill. The pressure of the air jet mill was set to 0.6 MPa, and the working gas was nitrogen to prevent oxidation of the powder. The resulting powder had a uniform particle size distribution, ranging from 3 to 8 μm.

[0035] (4) The pulverized powder mixture is extruded through a twin-screw extruder. The extrusion temperature is set to 80℃, the extrusion speed is 20mm / s, and the screw speed is set to 60rpm. Finally, a sheet with a thickness of 300μm is obtained.

[0036] (5) The obtained sheet is passed through a calender and rolled at 100°C with a rolling pressure of 20 MPa and a roller speed of 10 rpm. The sheet is then rolled into an electrode film with a thickness of 200 μm and a compaction density of 250 mg / cm³. -3 .

[0037] (6) Place the rolled electrode film in a vacuum drying oven, set the temperature to 150℃, dry for 6 hours, and maintain the vacuum at 20kPa. The ammonium bicarbonate is decomposed and released by heating to form a porous electrode structure.

[0038] Comparative Example 1: The process and conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the same FeCoNi high-entropy alloy powder active material and PTFE binder were used in a mass ratio of 18:1. No pore-forming agent was added. The powder mixture obtained in step (1) was directly pulverized using an air jet mill, unlike in steps (2) and (3) of Example 1. The mixing time, temperature and speed in step (1) were the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Mercury porosimetry results show that the porous electrode in Example 1 has a porosity of 46% and a pore size distribution concentrated in the range of 3-7 μm, while the comparative example 1 has a porosity of 21% and a pore size distribution concentrated in the range of 25-37 μm.

[0040] The electrodes (anode film) and anode diffusion layer (nickel felt) prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were then compared with Piperion. TM A40 anion exchange membrane, platinum black carbon paper cathode (platinum black content 2.0 mg / cm³) 2 The cathode of the fuel cell (11060028) was assembled into an electrolytic cell. The electrolyte was a 1M KOH aqueous solution. The test temperature was 25℃ and the cell voltage was set to 2V.

[0041] The electrodes (anode film) prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were combined with the anode diffusion layer (nickel foam) and PiperION. TM A40 anion exchange membrane, platinum black carbon paper cathode (platinum black content 2.0 mg / cm³) 2 A fuel cell (11060028) was assembled into an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer, with 1 M KOH solution as the electrolyte. Figure 2 It can be seen that, in Example 1, the electrolytic cell under a cell voltage of 2V has a reaction current density as high as 1.1A cm⁻¹. -2 Under the same operating conditions, compared with Comparative Example 1 (0.73Acm) -2 Example 1 showed a 51% increase in current density. This highlights the advantages of porous dry electrode fabrication methods in improving electrolyte permeability, gas diffusion, and water electrolysis efficiency.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A method for preparing porous dry electrodes for use in water electrolysis:

[0044] (1) Add 85wt% of nickel-cobalt alloy (NiCo) powder active material (particle size 50-150μm, Xi'an Fangke New Materials) and 7wt% of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder binder to a three-dimensional mixer. The mixing time is set to 2.5 hours, the rotation speed is 400 r / min, and the stirring temperature is maintained at 30℃. The mixing ensures that the active material and binder are fully and uniformly dispersed, resulting in a homogeneous powder mixture.

[0045] (2) Add 8 wt% potassium hydroxide solid powder (pore-forming agent) to the powder mixture obtained in step (1), continue mixing for 2 hours at a speed of 300 r / min and a stirring temperature of 30°C, and finally obtain a uniform powder mixture (active substance + binder + pore-forming agent = 100%).

[0046] (3) The powder mixture obtained in step (2) was pulverized using an air jet mill. The pressure of the air jet mill was set to 0.6 MPa, and nitrogen was used as the working gas to avoid oxidation of the powder. The particle size distribution of the pulverized powder was 3-10 μm, resulting in a uniform powder.

[0047] (4) The pulverized powder mixture is extruded through a twin-screw extruder at 70°C. The screw speed is set to 50 rpm and the extrusion speed is 15 mm / s, ultimately forming an electrode film with a thickness of 500 μm.

[0048] (5) The extruded electrode film is rolled in a calender at 100°C with a rolling pressure of 20 MPa, a roll gap of 200 μm, and a compaction density of 300 mg / cm³. -3 .

[0049] (6) The rolled electrode film is immersed in 1M KOH solution for 12 hours, and the solution temperature is maintained at 25℃. The KOH powder gradually dissolves in the solution and seeps out from the electrode, thereby forming a uniform porous structure electrode inside the electrode.

[0050] Mercury intrusion porosimetry revealed that the prepared electrode membrane had a porosity of 44%, with pore sizes ranging from 2 to 6 μm. This porous structure enhances electrolyte permeability and gas diffusion, thereby improving the electrode's water electrolysis efficiency. The prepared electrode (anode membrane) was then combined with nickel felt (as an anode diffusion layer) and Fumatech... TM Fumasep FAA-3-50 anion exchange membrane and Pt / C cathode (20% Pt on Vulcan XC-72R, Pt loading 1 mg cm⁻¹). -2 A complete anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer was assembled, using a 1M KOH aqueous solution as the electrolyte. At a cell voltage of 2V, the reaction current density reached 1.02A / cm². -2 It exhibits high catalytic activity and water electrolysis efficiency.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A method for preparing porous dry electrodes for water electrolysis includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) 90 wt% FeNi alloy powder active material (particle size approximately 30 μm) and 5 wt% polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder binder were added to a three-dimensional mixer. The mixing time was set to 2.5 hours, the rotation speed to 400 r / min, and the stirring temperature to 25 °C. Uniform mixing ensured that the powder and binder were fully dispersed, resulting in a uniform powder mixture.

[0054] (2) Add 5 wt% ammonium bicarbonate powder (as a pore-forming agent) to the mixture obtained in step (1), and continue mixing in a three-dimensional mixer for 2 hours, reducing the speed to 200 r / min and maintaining the stirring temperature at 25°C. Ensure that the pore-forming agent and the active material are mixed evenly to avoid agglomeration of the pore-forming agent (active material + binder + pore-forming agent = 100%).

[0055] (3) The powder mixture obtained in step (2) is pulverized using an air jet mill at a pressure of 0.5 MPa, with nitrogen as a protective gas to prevent oxidation. The pulverized powder has a uniform particle size distribution, ranging from 3 to 8 μm, ensuring the uniformity of subsequent sheet forming.

[0056] (4) The pulverized powder mixture is extruded through a twin-screw extruder. The extrusion temperature is set to 60℃, the screw speed is set to 50rpm, and the extrusion pressure is maintained at 2.5MPa. A sheet with a thickness of 400μm is obtained by extrusion.

[0057] (5) The extruded sheet is rolled by a calender, with the temperature set at 80°C, the rolling pressure at 15MPa, and the roller speed at 10rpm, and finally the sheet is rolled to a thickness of 250μm.

[0058] (6) The rolled electrode sheet is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying. The drying temperature is set at 150℃, the drying time is 12 hours, and the vacuum degree is maintained at 0.05MPa. Ammonium bicarbonate decomposes and escapes during the drying process, forming a porous electrode structure.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: The process and conditions were the same as in Example 3, except that the same FeNi alloy powder active material and PVDF binder were used in a mass ratio of 18:1. No pore-forming agent was added. In Example 3, steps (2) and (3) were not used. The powder mixture obtained in step (1) was directly pulverized using an air jet mill. The mixing time, temperature and speed in step (1) were the same as in Example 3. In step (5), the sheet was extruded using a twin-screw extruder with a sheet thickness of 400 μm. The sheet was then rolled to a thickness of 250 μm using a calender. The extrusion temperature, extruded electrode thickness, rolling temperature, rolling pressure and rolled electrode thickness in steps (5) and (6) were the same as in Example 3.

[0060] After mercury intrusion porosimetry testing, the electrode sheet of Example 3 had a porosity of 42% and a pore size distribution concentrated in the range of 6-10 μm. In contrast, the electrode sheet of the control group had a porosity of only 18% and a pore size distribution concentrated in the range of 40-60 μm.

[0061] The electrodes (anode films) prepared in Example 3 and the control group were compared with stainless steel felt (as an anode diffusion layer) and Fumatech. TM Fumasep FAA-3-50 anion exchange membrane, Pt / C cathode (20% Pt on Vulcan XC-72R, Pt loading 1 mg cm⁻¹) -2 An electrolytic cell was assembled using a 1M KOH aqueous solution as the electrolyte. The cell temperature was set at 50°C, and the voltage at 1.9V. Test results showed that the current density in Example 3 reached 0.8 A / cm³. 2 It exhibited high catalytic activity and high water electrolysis efficiency. In contrast, the current density of the control group was only 0.42 A / cm². 2 The performance was significantly worse, highlighting the significant advantages of pore-forming agents in improving electrolyte permeability and gas diffusion.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] (1) Add 60wt% of nickel powder active material (~50μm, Jiangsu Reni Metal Technology Co., Ltd.) and 20wt% of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder to a three-dimensional mixer. Set the mixing time to 0.5 hours, the rotation speed to 20r / min, and the stirring temperature to 20℃ to ensure that the powder and binder are mixed evenly.

[0064] (2) Add 20wt% ammonium bicarbonate powder pore-forming agent to the mixture, mix for 0.5 hours, rotate at 50 r / min, and keep the stirring temperature at 20℃ to ensure that the pore-forming agent and powder are uniformly mixed (active substance + binder + pore-forming agent = 100%).

[0065] (3) Use an air jet mill to pulverize the mixture, with the air pressure set to 0.3 MPa and the powder particle size distribution to 10 μm.

[0066] (4) Use a twin-screw extruder to extrude sheets at 20°C, with a thickness of 200μm.

[0067] (5) The sheet was rolled at 50°C using a roller press to achieve a final sheet thickness of 10 μm and a compaction density of 40 mg / cm³. 3 .

[0068] (6) Dry in a vacuum drying oven at 70°C for 10 hours, with the vacuum level controlled at 0.02 MPa.

[0069] The electrode (anode film) prepared in Example 4 was combined with nickel foam (anode diffusion layer) and Fumatech TM FumasepFAA-3-50 anion exchange membrane, Pt / C cathode (20% Pt on Vulcan XC-72R, Pt loading 1 mg cm⁻¹) -2 An electrolytic cell was assembled using a 1M KOH aqueous solution as the electrolyte. The cell temperature was set to 60℃, and the voltage to 2V. Test results showed that the current density in Example 4 reached 0.46 A / cm². 2 .

[0070] Example 5

[0071] (1) Add 80wt% nickel-cobalt alloy powder (~16μm) and 10wt% PTFE to a three-dimensional mixer. Set the mixing time to 2.5 hours, the rotation speed to 400r / min, and the stirring temperature to 50℃.

[0072] (2) Add 10wt% ammonium carbonate powder pore-forming agent to the mixture, mix for 1 hour, rotate at 200 r / min, and stir at 50℃.

[0073] (3) Use an air jet mill with a pressure set to 0.5 MPa and a particle size of 5 μm after pulverization.

[0074] (4) Extrude a sheet with a thickness of 500μm at 50°C using a twin-screw extruder.

[0075] (5) Calendering is performed at 100℃ using a roller press, resulting in a final sheet thickness of 200μm and a compaction density of 250mg / cm³. 3 .

[0076] (6) Dry in a vacuum drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours, with the vacuum degree controlled at 0.03MPa.

[0077] The electrode prepared in Example 5 was combined with nickel foam (as an anode diffusion layer) and Fumatech TM Fumasep FAA-3-50 anion exchange membrane, Pt / C cathode (20% Pt on Vulcan XC-72R, Pt loading 1 mg cm⁻¹) -2 An electrolytic cell was assembled using a 1M KOH aqueous solution as the electrolyte. The cell temperature was set to 60°C, and the voltage to 2V. Test results showed that the current density in Example 5 reached 0.85 A / cm². 2 .

[0078] Example 6

[0079] (1) Add 96wt% FeCoNi alloy powder (~20μm) and 2wt% PVDF to a mixer and mix for 5 hours at a speed of 1000r / min and a stirring temperature of 80℃.

[0080] (2) Add 2wt% urea pore-forming agent, mix for 2 hours, rotate at 800 r / min, and maintain the temperature at 80℃.

[0081] (3) Use an air jet mill for pulverization. Set the air pressure to 0.8 MPa. The particle size distribution after pulverization is 10 μm.

[0082] (4) Extruding a sheet with a thickness of 1000μm at 80℃ using a twin-screw extruder.

[0083] (5) The sheet was rolled at 120°C using a roller press to reduce the thickness to 500 μm and the compaction density to 500 mg / cm³. 3 .

[0084] (6) Dry in a vacuum drying oven at 180°C for 24 hours, maintaining a vacuum of 0.05 MPa. The electrode obtained in Example 6 was then combined with nickel foam (as an anode diffusion layer) and Fumatech... TM Fumasep FAA-3-50 anion exchange membrane, Pt / C cathode (20% Pt on Vulcan XC-72R, Pt loading 1 mg cm⁻¹) -2 An electrolytic cell was assembled using a 1M KOH aqueous solution as the electrolyte. The cell temperature was set to 60°C, and the voltage to 2V. Test results showed that the current density in Example 6 reached 1.3A / cm³. 2 .

Claims

1. A method for the preparation of a porous dry electrode for electrolysis of water, characterized in that, The preparation steps are as follows: (1) Add the powder active material and the powder binder to a mixer for mixing, mix for 0.5-5 h, at a rotation speed of 20-1000 r / min, and at a stirring temperature of 20-80 °C, to obtain a powder mixture; (2) Add a pore-forming agent to the powder mixture obtained in step (1) and mix by a mixer, mix for 0.5-2 h, at a rotation speed of 50-800 r / min, and at a stirring temperature of 20-80 °C, to obtain a powder mixture; (3) Crush the powder mixture obtained in step (2) by an air flow crusher, control the particle size of the crushed powder to be 3-10 μm, to obtain a powder mixture of the active material, the binder, and the pore-forming agent; (4) Provide high shear force to the powder mixture obtained in step (3) by a double screw extruder or an open mill, to make the powder binder fibrous, to obtain a sheet material with a thickness of 200-1000 μm; control the extrusion temperature to be 20-80 °C, and the shear rate to be 50-200 rpm; (5) The sheet obtained in step (4) is rolled by a roll press, the temperature is controlled at 50 - 120°C, the roll pressure is 5 - 50 MPa, and finally the sheet is pressed into a 10 - 500 μm thick pole piece film, the compacted density is 40.0 - 500.0 mg / cm 3 ; (6) Finally, treat the electrode sheet film containing the electrode sheet film obtained in step (5) by one of the following methods, to obtain a porous dry electrode: a) When the pore-forming agent added in step (2) is a pore-forming agent, the electrode sheet film is treated by heating and drying, so that the pore-forming agent decomposes and escapes from the electrode sheet film at 70-180 °C, to form a porous structure electrode, and the drying time is controlled to be 10-24 hours; the pore-forming agent is one or a mixture of two or more of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, or oxalic acid; Or, b) When the pore-forming agent is an electrolyte solute powder used in electrolytic water, the electrode sheet film is soaked in a solution containing the same electrolyte, the electrolyte solute powder in the electrode sheet film is dissolved in the solution, to form a porous structure electrode, and the soaking time is controlled to be 12-48 hours; the electrolyte solute powder used in electrolytic water is one or two of KOH, NaOH, or LiOH; the powder active material is one or two or more of nickel (Ni), nickel-cobalt alloy (NiCo), nickel-iron alloy (NiFe), and nickel-cobalt-iron alloy (NiCoFe).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The powder mixture obtained in step (2) contains, The compositions of the materials are: 60 wt%-96 wt% powder active material, 2 wt%-20 wt% powder binder, and 2 wt%-20 wt% pore-forming agent; the powder binder is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polystyrene (PS), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), and polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compositions of the materials are: 80 wt%-90 wt% powder active material, 5 wt%-10 wt% powder binder, and 5 wt%-10 wt% pore-forming agent.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the jet mill is used for pulverization: the pressure is controlled at 0.3 - 0.8 MPa, and the working gas is one or more than two of nitrogen or other inert gases such as argon, to prevent oxidation of the material.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a), the heating and drying in step (6) is vacuum drying, the temperature of the heating and drying is 70 - 180℃, the time of the heating and drying is 10 - 24 hours, and the vacuum degree is controlled at 0.01 - 80 kPa, to avoid reaction of oxygen in the air with the electrode material and to maintain the chemical stability of the material.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The pore-forming agent is a solute powder of an electrolyte used in electrolysis of water, for pore formation and electrolyte permeation in the electrode structure; the mass concentration of the electrolyte in the solution is 0.5 - 8 M.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pore-forming agent is one or more than two of KOH, NaOH or LiOH.

8. The production method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized by, The contact treatment method of the electrode with the electrolyte includes: immersing the electrode sheet film alone in the electrolyte solution, or assembling the electrode sheet film as an electrode into a part of the electrolytic tank and circulating the electrode sheet film through the electrolyte solution circulation flow channel of the electrolytic tank to make the electrode sheet film contact with the electrolyte solution; the immersion or circulation time is 12 - 48 hours, and the temperature of the electrolyte solution is controlled at 25 - 90℃.

9. An electrode sheet prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 - 7.

10. Use of the electrode sheet of claim 9 as an anode in electrolysis of water.

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