Astronomical radio signal monitoring method and software

Abstract

The invention discloses an astronomical radio signal monitoring method and software. The method comprises the following steps: determining to monitor a first celestial body at a first time according to ephemeris data, and collecting radio data of the first celestial body when the first time is reached so as to monitor the first celestial body. Wherein the ephemeris data is used for determining the time for monitoring at least one celestial body, and the at least one celestial body comprises the first celestial body. According to the invention, the monitoring time of each celestial body can be determined according to the ephemeris data, and the radio data of the corresponding celestial body is collected when the monitoring time is up, so that the monitoring of the specific celestial body is realized. Compared with the current monitoring of the celestial body based on manpower, the monitoring of the celestial body can be automatically realized, so that the monitoring efficiency of the celestial body is improved.

Description

[0001] Technical Field The present application relates to the field of astronomical observation technology, and more particularly to an astronomical radio signal monitoring method and software. Background Art

[0002] Radio astronomy observation mainly uses radio telescopes to collect, measure and analyze radio signals from celestial bodies to determine astronomical data in order to detect specific targets, such as solar radio bursts. Currently, monitoring of specific celestial bodies is done by manually collecting historical data on a regular basis and making inferences based on the analysis of historical data, which results in low detection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application example provides an astronomical radio signal monitoring method and software for improving the monitoring efficiency of celestial bodies.

[0004] To achieve the above goals, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for monitoring radio astronomy is provided, the execution subject of the method being a host computer or a device with a data processing function, the method comprising: determining to monitor a first celestial body at a first time according to ephemeris data, and acquiring radio data of the first celestial body at the first time to monitor the first celestial body. The ephemeris data is used to determine the time to monitor at least one celestial body, and the at least one celestial body includes the first celestial body.

[0006] This solution can determine the monitoring time of each celestial body based on the ephemeris data. For example, it is suitable to monitor the sun during the day and Jupiter at night. In this way, the radio data of the corresponding celestial body can be collected at the appropriate time to realize the monitoring of the specific celestial body. Compared with the current manual monitoring of celestial bodies, the monitoring of celestial bodies can be realized automatically, thereby improving the efficiency of monitoring celestial bodies.

[0007] In a possible implementation, before determining to monitor the first celestial body at the first time, the method further includes: if the first time corresponds to multiple celestial bodies, collecting radio signals from each celestial body; and selecting the first celestial body among the multiple celestial bodies according to a first signal strength threshold, the signal strength corresponding to the first celestial body being greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold.

[0008] When there are multiple celestial bodies that can be monitored in the same time period, or in other words, there are multiple celestial bodies corresponding to the same time period. In this case, the radio signals collected by the first communication device may come from multiple celestial bodies. The strength of the radio signals from different celestial bodies is different. Therefore, different celestial bodies can be distinguished according to the strength of the radio signals. For example, usually the signal strength corresponding to the first celestial body is greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold. Then, when the signal strength of the collected radio signal is greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold, it can be determined that the first celestial body is monitored.

[0009] In a possible implementation, arriving at the first time and acquiring the radio data of the first celestial body includes: arriving at the first time and collecting the radio data of the first celestial body within a first frequency band.

[0010] Considering that for some celestial bodies, it may be unnecessary to collect radio data in the full frequency band, for example, the radio data in some frequency bands have little effect on the monitoring results. If radio flux data within the full frequency band is collected, more radio flux data needs to be processed, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, in this application, radio data within a typical frequency band can be collected to improve the monitoring efficiency of celestial bodies.

[0011] In a possible implementation, when the first time is reached, collecting radio data of the first celestial body within the first frequency band includes: when the first time is reached, collecting radio data corresponding to each of a plurality of frequency points included in the first frequency band, wherein the first frequency band includes a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and one sub-frequency band corresponds to one or more frequency points.

[0012] Considering that radio bursts may span frequency bands, if radio data within a wider frequency band is collected, more radio flux data needs to be processed, which is inefficient. Therefore, in this application, for a certain celestial body, typical radio data at multiple frequencies can be collected to improve monitoring efficiency.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the method also includes: determining the position information of the celestial body to be observed based on the ephemeris data; determining the target angle and target direction of the antenna of the space radio signal acquisition device based on the position information of the target; generating and sending a first instruction based on the target angle and target direction of the antenna, the first instruction being used to control the rotation of the antenna turntable, updating the angle of the antenna to the target angle, and updating the direction of the antenna to the target direction; and acquiring the space radio signal based on the target angle and target direction.

[0014] In this application, the antenna turntable can be controlled to rotate according to the location of the celestial body to be detected, so that the antenna rotates to the target angle and target direction, thereby realizing automatic tracking and detection of the target. Compared with the current method based on workers rotating the antenna, it is more efficient and is not affected by the actual environment. Even if the environment where the antenna is located is more complex, it can still realize target tracking and detection.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the method also includes: determining radio flux data based on radio data; determining the active area of ​​the first celestial body based on the radio flux data, and extracting the feature vector of the active area based on a feature extraction network; calculating the cosine distance between the feature vector and the feature vector of the reference active area to obtain a correlation matrix; when the Euclidean distance between the detection position and any predicted position exceeds a first threshold, setting the element of the correlation matrix value corresponding to the predicted position to infinity; matching the updated correlation matrix according to the Hungarian matching algorithm to obtain a matching result, wherein if the matching result indicates that the change in the radio flux exceeds the first radio burst threshold, it is determined that a radio burst exists.

[0016] It is understandable that for a certain celestial body (such as the sun), the radio flux density in different frequency bands is different. If the radio flux density is large, a radio burst may occur. In the present application, the time, frequency band and celestial body for monitoring whether a radio burst occurs can be configured. When the configured time (such as the first time) is reached, the radio flux data of the corresponding frequency band and the corresponding celestial body can be automatically collected, so as to determine whether the celestial body has a radio burst based on the automatically monitored radio flux data. For example, the collected radio flux data can be processed, such as determining the active area based on the radio flux data, and calculating the change in the radio flux in the active area. If the change exceeds the radio burst threshold, it can be determined that a radio burst exists. The present application can realize real-time automatic detection of radio bursts, thereby achieving a higher detection efficiency.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the method also includes: obtaining N radio burst thresholds corresponding to the change values ​​of N radio fluxes; if the difference between the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold exceeds a first threshold, updating the first radio burst threshold to the second radio burst threshold, and the first threshold is the maximum median or minimum value of the N radio burst thresholds.

[0018] Considering that the first radio burst threshold may be unreasonable, the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold may be compared to determine whether the current first radio burst threshold is reasonable. If the current first radio burst threshold is unreasonable, the first radio burst threshold may be updated to the second radio burst threshold to improve the detection accuracy of radio bursts.

[0019] In a possible implementation, after determining that there is a radio burst in the first celestial body, the method further includes: based on an event trigger, switching from the first working mode to the second working mode, and the acquisition frequency band of the radio signal in the second working mode includes a full bandwidth frequency band.

[0020] In this scheme, if there is a radio burst on the first celestial body, the monitoring parameters, such as resolution, radio signal collection frequency band, etc., can be configured by switching the working mode to monitor the first celestial body more finely and maximize the monitoring accuracy.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: selecting a first noise reduction algorithm from a plurality of noise reduction algorithms; and performing noise reduction processing on a subsequently acquired radio signal according to the first noise reduction algorithm.

[0022] In the present application, multiple noise reduction algorithms can be set, and the corresponding noise reduction algorithms can be adaptively adjusted based on different actual situations to maximize the noise reduction processing effect of the signal and avoid misjudgment of radio bursts as much as possible.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the method also includes: creating a first file in a first folder; storing the collected radio signal data in the first file until the size of the first file reaches a preset value, closing the first file, and updating the name of the first file; wherein the name of the first file is the time when the first file is closed; if the date of the first folder is the same as the current date, creating a new second file in the first folder; if the date of the first folder is different from the current date, creating a second folder, and creating a second file in the second folder; storing the collected radio signal data in the second file until the size of the second file reaches a preset value, closing the second file, and updating the name of the second file; wherein the name of the second file is the time when the second file is closed.

[0024] In this application, the radio signal data is stored in a folder in the form of a file, and the time when the file is closed is used as the name of the folder, so that it is easy to find the radio signal data of the corresponding time period. Compared with the current method of naming the radio signal data by the acquisition time, it is more efficient to find the radio signal data of the corresponding time period.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the method also includes: after determining the presence of a radio burst, outputting prompt information, the prompt information is used to indicate the presence of a radio burst; obtaining radio signal data collected within a preset time period from at least one file in at least one folder, at least one folder includes a first folder, and at least one file includes a first file; determining a second radio burst threshold based on the acquired radio signal data, and updating the first radio burst threshold to the second radio burst threshold.

[0026] In the present application, if the detection result is that a radio burst exists, the corresponding radio signal data can be searched from the stored file and analyzed based on the radio signal data. If it is determined that the current first radio burst threshold is unreasonable, the first radio burst threshold can be updated to the second radio burst threshold to improve the detection accuracy of the radio burst.

[0027] In a second aspect, a celestial body monitoring system is provided, the system comprising: a space radio signal acquisition device and a host computer. The space radio signal acquisition device is used to acquire radio signals in space. The host computer is used to determine, based on the ephemeris data, to monitor the first celestial body at a first time, and to obtain radio data of the first celestial body from the space radio signal acquisition device at the first time to monitor the first celestial body. The ephemeris data is used to determine the time to monitor at least one celestial body, and the at least one celestial body includes the first celestial body.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the host computer is specifically used to: when arriving at the first time, collect radio data of the first celestial body within the first frequency band.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the host computer is specifically used to: when the first time arrives, collect radio flux data corresponding to multiple frequency points included in the first frequency band of the first celestial body, wherein the first frequency band includes multiple sub-frequency bands, and one sub-frequency band corresponds to one or more frequency points.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the host computer is also used to: determine the position information of the celestial body to be observed based on the ephemeris data; determine the target angle and target direction of the antenna of the space radio signal acquisition device based on the position information of the target; generate and send a first instruction based on the target angle and target direction of the antenna, the first instruction is used to control the rotation of the antenna turntable, update the angle of the antenna to the target angle, and update the direction of the antenna to the target direction; and collect space radio signals based on the target angle and target direction.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the host computer is also used to: determine radio flux data based on radio data; determine the active area of ​​the first celestial body based on the radio flux data, and extract the feature vector of the active area based on the feature extraction network; calculate the cosine distance between the feature vector and the feature vector of the reference active area to obtain a correlation matrix; when the Euclidean distance between the detection position and any predicted position exceeds a first threshold, the element of the correlation matrix value corresponding to the predicted position is set to infinity; match the updated correlation matrix according to the Hungarian matching algorithm to obtain a matching result, wherein if the matching result indicates that the change in the radio flux exceeds the first radio burst threshold, it is determined that a radio burst exists.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the host computer is also used to: obtain N radio burst thresholds corresponding to the change values ​​of N radio fluxes; if the difference between the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold exceeds a first threshold, the first radio burst threshold is updated to the second radio burst threshold, and the first threshold is the maximum median or minimum value of the N radio burst thresholds.

[0033] In a possible implementation, after determining that there is a radio burst in the first celestial body, the host computer is also used to: switch from the first working mode to the second working mode based on an event trigger, the working parameters in the second working mode are different from the working parameters in the first working mode, and the accuracy of the radio flux in the second working mode is higher than the accuracy of the radio flux in the first working mode.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the host computer is also used to: create a first file in a first folder; store the collected radio signal data in the first file until the size of the first file reaches a preset value, close the first file, and update the name of the first file; wherein the name of the first file is the time when the first file is closed; if the date of the first folder is the same as the current date, create a new second file in the first folder; if the date of the first folder is different from the current date, create a second folder, and create a second file in the second folder; store the collected radio signal data in the second file until the size of the second file reaches a preset value, close the second file, and update the name of the second file; wherein the name of the second file is the time when the second file is closed.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the host computer is also used to: after determining the existence of a radio burst, output a prompt message, the prompt message is used to indicate the existence of a radio burst; obtain radio signal data collected within a preset time period from at least one file in at least one folder, at least one folder includes a first folder, and at least one file includes the first file; determine a second radio burst threshold based on the acquired radio signal data, and update the first radio burst threshold to the second radio burst threshold.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the host computer is further used to: select a first noise reduction algorithm from a plurality of noise reduction algorithms; and perform noise reduction processing on a subsequently acquired radio signal according to the first noise reduction algorithm.

[0037] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising a functional module for executing the method of the first aspect. For example, the communication device comprises a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module or a processor) and / or a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module or a transceiver). These units (modules) can perform the corresponding functions in the method example of the first aspect above, and refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0038] Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory, wherein the memory is used to store computer programs, instructions or data, and the processing unit is coupled with the memory and the transceiver unit, and when the processing unit reads the computer program, instructions or data, the communication device executes the method executed by the receiver in the above method embodiment.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method in the first aspect is implemented.

[0040] According to a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising: a computer program code, and when the computer program code is executed, the method in the first aspect is executed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A collection and analysis framework for space radio signals applicable to the embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for processing space radio signals provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Radio astronomy observation mainly uses radio telescopes to collect, measure and analyze radio signals from celestial bodies, thereby determining astronomical data to achieve the detection of specific targets, such as the detection of solar radio bursts. Radio bursts are a sudden and violent explosion of radio signals, which may cause signal interference, equipment damage, data loss, and even service interruption and quality degradation in communication systems and satellite technologies.

[0046] Currently, the monitoring of solar radio bursts is done by manually collecting historical data on a regular basis and making inferences based on the analysis of historical data. The detection efficiency and accuracy are low, and it is impossible to detect and identify the occurrence of radio bursts in a timely manner.

[0047] In order to solve the above problems, a solution of the embodiment of the present application is provided. The embodiment of the present application can realize automatic detection of radio bursts. Compared with the manual detection method, the detection efficiency is higher and the detection accuracy is higher, which can effectively reduce the false alarm rate and the missed alarm rate, and timely detect the occurrence of radio bursts.

[0048] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , showing the space radio signal acquisition and analysis architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1The radio astronomy signal receiving front end includes a radio astronomy signal receiving front end and an electronic device. The radio astronomy signal receiving front end is used to receive space radio signals. For example, the radio astronomy signal receiving front end includes an antenna array that can receive space radio signals. It is understandable that the radio astronomy signal receiving front end also includes other possible signal processing elements, such as filters, amplifiers, etc. ( Figure 1 (not shown), the electronic device can collect and analyze space radio signals. The electronic device supports an Ethernet interface, and remote operation control is achieved through Ethernet. For example, the electronic device can interact with a remote terminal (also referred to as a host computer) through the Ethernet interface. In the embodiment of the present application, a storage array can also be provided, which can be a memory inside the electronic device or a memory of a remote terminal.

[0050] In the present application, the electronic device can be implemented by FPGA, and may also include other possible devices, such as a clock module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a mode conversion module, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the ephemeris data can be replaced by star catalog data. For the convenience of description, the embodiment of the present application takes the ephemeris data as an example.

[0051] See also Figure 2 , is a flow chart of the monitoring method of astronomical radio signals provided in the embodiment of the present application. The method can be executed by an electronic device with processing functions, or a device capable of supporting the functions of the electronic device, such as a chip. The electronic device can be an FPGA or include an FPGA device. Specifically, the flow chart of the monitoring method of celestial bodies provided in the embodiment of the present application is described as follows:

[0052] S201. Determine, based on ephemeris data, to monitor the first celestial body at the first time.

[0053] Different celestial bodies may be suitable for different monitoring, for example, the sun may be suitable for monitoring during the day, while Jupiter may be suitable for monitoring at night. The ephemeris data may indicate the position of the celestial body at various times, so that the time of monitoring at least one celestial body may be determined based on the ephemeris data. In a possible implementation, the ephemeris data may be stored. When the device is started, the ephemeris data is read, and the monitoring time of each celestial body is determined according to the ephemeris. For example, taking the first celestial body as an example, the monitoring time of the first celestial body is the first time.

[0054] When there are multiple celestial bodies that can be monitored in the same time period, or in other words, there are multiple celestial bodies corresponding to the same time period. In this case, the radio signals collected by the first communication device may come from multiple celestial bodies. The strength of the radio signals from different celestial bodies is different. Therefore, different celestial bodies can be distinguished according to the strength of the radio signals. For example, usually the signal strength corresponding to the first celestial body is greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold. Then, when the signal strength of the collected radio signal is greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold, it can be determined that the first celestial body is monitored.

[0055] S202. Arrive at the first time and obtain the radio data of the first celestial body.

[0056] When the first time is reached, the electronic device acquires the radio data of the first celestial body, thereby realizing automatic monitoring of the first celestial body. In this way, the radio data of the corresponding celestial body is collected at the appropriate time, thereby realizing the monitoring of a specific celestial body. Compared with the current manual monitoring of celestial bodies, the monitoring of celestial bodies can be realized automatically, thereby improving the efficiency of monitoring celestial bodies. Among them, the first time can be a moment or a time period. If the first time is a moment, the moment can be regarded as the starting moment of monitoring the first celestial body. If the first time is a time period, the first time can be regarded as the time period for monitoring the first celestial body, and the arrival at the first time can be understood as the arrival at the starting moment of the first time.

[0057] Considering that for some celestial bodies, it may be unnecessary to collect radio data in the entire frequency band. For example, the radio data in some frequency bands have little effect on the monitoring results. If radio flux data within the entire frequency band is collected, more radio flux data need to be processed, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, in the present application, radio data within a typical frequency band can be collected to improve the monitoring efficiency of celestial bodies. Taking the first frequency band as an example, the typical frequency band of the first celestial body is the first frequency band, collecting the radio data of the first celestial body can be collecting the radio data of the first celestial body within the first frequency band.

[0058] Since radio bursts may span frequency bands, if radio data within a wider frequency band is collected, more radio flux data needs to be processed, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, in this application, typical radio data at multiple frequencies can be collected. For example, for the first frequency band range, the radio flux data corresponding to each of the multiple frequencies included in the first frequency band range can be obtained, wherein the first frequency band range includes multiple sub-frequency bands, and one sub-frequency band range corresponds to one or more frequency points, so as to improve monitoring efficiency.

[0059] In a possible implementation, one or more frequency bands to be monitored may be configured for each celestial body. In a specific implementation, the correspondence between the celestial bodies to be monitored and the frequency bands may be configured. The electronic device reads the correspondence, and when the monitoring time of a certain celestial body is reached, it starts to acquire / collect radio data within the frequency band corresponding to the time or the celestial body. For example, when the first time is reached, the radio data of the first celestial body within the first frequency band is acquired.

[0060] Optionally, the host computer can configure the correspondence between the monitored celestial body, frequency band and time. For example, the host computer can send a third instruction to the electronic device, and the third instruction can carry the first time, the first frequency band range and the first celestial body, so that the electronic device can clearly know the target and frequency band range to be monitored.

[0061] S202, determining the active region of the first celestial body according to the radio flux data, and extracting a feature vector of the active region according to a feature extraction network.

[0062] For the convenience of description, let's take the first object as the sun as an example. After the electronic device obtains the radio flux data within the first frequency band, it can determine the solar activity area based on the radio flux data. The determination of the solar activity area includes the detection area and the tracking area. For the detection area, the electronic device can use the YOLOv3-spp network model, which consists of two parts: Darknet-53 and yolo layer. It can be used to extract image features and predict the solar activity area from multiple maintenance. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) Obtain a full disk image and compress the full disk image into a suitable size for input into the network model; in the following, the suitable size of 608×608 is taken as an example.

[0064] (2) After the compressed full disk image passes through a convolutional unit in the network model, 32 608×608 feature maps can be obtained. The convolutional unit includes convolution, batch normalization and leaky relu activation functions.

[0065] (3) After the feature map passes through a convolution unit with a stride of 2 and 64 convolution kernels, 64 304×304 feature maps are obtained, and the 64 304×304 feature maps are sent to the residual unit (Residual), and 64 304×304 feature maps of the 1x residual block are obtained. Among them, 1x means that this residual block consists of 1 residual unit, and the residual unit performs a residual operation on the input and two convolution units.

[0066] (4) The feature map obtained in (3) is downsampled and subjected to a 2x residual block to obtain 128 152×152 feature maps, where 2x means that this residual block consists of 2 residual units.

[0067] (5) Downsampling, 8x residual block, downsampling, 8x residual block, downsampling, and 4x residual block are performed on the 128 152×152 feature maps in sequence. Among them, 256 76x 76 feature maps are obtained after the first 8x residual block, 512 38x38 feature maps are obtained after the second 8x residual block, and 1024 19x19 feature maps are obtained after the 4x residual block.

[0068] (6) Send 256 76x 76 feature maps, 512 38x38 feature maps, and 1024 19x19 feature maps to the YOLO layer.

[0069] (7) The 19x19 feature map is processed by the pyramid convolution set (Convolutional-spp Set), and the result of the pyramid convolution set is upsampled to 38x38 and combined with the fourth residual block to obtain the first detection result (Output1). At the same time, the result of the pyramid convolution set is upsampled to 38x38 and fused with the feature map of the fourth residual block 38x38. After the convolution set (Convolutional Set) and other operations, the second detection result (Output2) is obtained. And so on, the third detection result (Output3) is obtained. Among them, the convolution set operation contains 5 convolution units, and the pyramid convolution set adds spatial pyramid pooling on the basis of the convolution set.

[0070] (8) The above three detection results are used to remove the prediction boxes with relatively large intersections using the non-maximum suppression algorithm, and the prediction boxes with higher confidence scores are retained as the detection results of the solar active area. The loss value of the network consists of three parts: target positioning offset loss, target confidence loss and target category loss. Among them, the target confidence loss and category loss use binary cross entropy loss, and the target positioning loss is calculated using mean square error.

[0071] The detection results of the solar active region can characterize the initially determined solar active region, which may change. Therefore, it is necessary to track the region to determine the final solar active region. As a possible implementation method, the solar active region can be tracked based on the improved DeepSort algorithm. The main steps are as follows and S204~S206

[0072] (1) The feature extraction network of DeepSort is improved according to the characteristics of solar active regions. This feature extraction network can also be considered as a solar active region re-identification network.

[0073] First, the feature map corresponding to the detected solar activity area can be scaled to 128x128, and then reduced to 16x16 after two 3x3 convolutions, one maximum pooling, and six residual blocks. The 16x16 feature map is then passed through a fully connected layer to obtain a 128-dimensional global feature vector, and then L2 normalization is used to obtain the feature vector.

[0074] It should be noted that during the training process of the feature extraction network, the Cosine Sotmax function can be used to obtain the classification results, and the loss value can be calculated using the intersection. It can be understood that although the detection part network and the solar active region re-identification network both extract the features of the solar active region, they have different functions. The detection part network is mainly used to detect the solar active region, while the solar active region re-identification network is mainly used to determine the feature similarity of the solar active region during the evolution process.

[0075] S203 , calculating the cosine distance between the feature vector and the feature vector of the reference activity region to obtain a correlation matrix.

[0076] The reference active regions can be considered as historical solar active regions. The solar active region re-identification network is used to extract the feature vectors of the tracked solar active regions (assuming the number is J) from the detected solar active regions (called trajectories, assuming the number is L), calculate the cosine distance between them, and obtain the correlation matrix CLxJ.

[0077] S204: When the Euclidean distance between the detected position and any predicted position exceeds a first threshold, the element of the association matrix value corresponding to the predicted position is set to infinity.

[0078] According to the positions of all solar active regions in the previous frame, the latitudinal differential rotation is used to estimate the current position, and then the Euclidean distances of all predicted positions and all detected positions are calculated. If the distances are too large, the corresponding values ​​in the correlation matrix are set to infinity.

[0079] S205 , matching the updated incidence matrix according to the Hungarian matching algorithm to obtain a matching result.

[0080] The Hungarian matching algorithm is used on the correlation matrix CLxJ to obtain three types of matching results: trajectories that match the detection results, detection results that do not match the trajectories, and trajectories that do not match the detection results.

[0081] Tracking continues for trajectories that match the detection results. For example, a new trajectory is assigned to the detection result that matches the trajectory. When the new trajectory matches the detection result for three consecutive frames, it is considered that the solar active area has occurred. Otherwise, the trajectory is deleted. For trajectories that do not match the detection results, the feature vector of the latitudinal differential rotation prediction result is extracted, and the cosine distance is calculated with the feature vector corresponding to the previous frame. If the value is within a certain range, the prediction result is adopted as part of the trajectory. Otherwise, the active area ends. However, if three consecutive frames are prediction results, the active area is also determined to end.

[0082] S206. If the matching result indicates that the change in radio flux exceeds a first radio burst threshold, it is determined that a radio burst exists.

[0083] The first radio burst threshold is set based on the characteristics of historical solar activity data. If the change in radio flux in a certain solar activity region exceeds the first radio burst threshold, it can be considered that a radio burst exists.

[0084] Optionally, after determining that a radio burst exists, the electronic device may output prompt information, which is used to indicate the existence of a radio burst. Alternatively, after determining that a radio burst exists, the electronic device may feed back to a host computer, which then outputs prompt information to indicate the existence of a radio burst.

[0085] The present application realizes real-time automatic detection of solar bursts by monitoring changes in radio flux in solar active regions, thereby achieving higher detection efficiency, being able to discover radio bursts in a timely manner, and reducing missed detections and false detections of radio bursts.

[0086] It is understandable that radio bursts may occur in one or more areas of the sun, and according to actual needs, it may be necessary to monitor radio signals at a fixed angle or direction. Usually, it is necessary to manually control the antenna turntable to change the angle and direction of the antenna, and the efficiency and accuracy are low. To this end, in an embodiment of the present application, the antenna turntable can be controlled to rotate according to the position of the target to be detected, so that the antenna is rotated to the target angle and target direction, thereby realizing automatic tracking and detection of the target. Compared with the current method based on workers rotating the antenna, it is more efficient and is not affected by the actual environment. Even if the environment in which the antenna is located is more complex, it can still achieve target tracking and detection.

[0087] For example, the electronic device can control the rotation of the antenna turntable according to the position of the target to be observed, so that the angle and direction of the antenna correspond to the position of the target to be observed. As an implementation method, the electronic device can receive / acquire ephemeris data, determine the position information of the target to be observed according to the ephemeris data; and then determine the target angle and target direction of the antenna of the space radio signal acquisition device according to the position information of the target. Afterwards, the electronic device generates and sends a first instruction, which is used to control the rotation of the antenna turntable. For example, the first instruction carries the target angle and target direction of the antenna, so that the antenna turntable receives the first instruction, updates the angle of the antenna to the target angle, and updates the direction of the antenna to the target direction. Subsequently, the electronic device can collect space radio signals based on the target angle and target direction to achieve target observation.

[0088] In addition, in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the spatial radio signal can also be represented in the form of a spectrum diagram, a waterfall diagram and a waveform diagram, which is more intuitive and convenient for viewing and analysis.

[0089] For example, the electronic device performs time domain processing on the collected radio signal, such as removing the DC component of the collected radio signal, filtering, etc., so as to reduce the influence of noise and interference on the subsequent frequency domain processing. After the electronic device performs time domain processing on the collected radio signal, the obtained time domain signal is divided into multiple windows by a window function, and the multiple windows overlap or do not overlap, which can reduce spectrum leakage. Among them, the size and degree of overlap of the window depend on the required time resolution and frequency resolution. Afterwards, for each window, for example, for the first window in the multiple windows, the time domain signal in the first window is subjected to a fast Fourier transform to convert the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal, and the energy distribution of the signal in the first window at different frequencies is calculated to obtain the power spectrum of the first window, and the information of the power spectrum is sent to the host computer, and the host computer displays the power spectrum in the form of a graph, that is, generates a first spectrum diagram, and displays the first spectrum diagram in the first display area. The third instruction can also indicate that a waterfall diagram needs to be displayed, and the host computer can also display a first waterfall diagram corresponding to the first spectrum diagram in the second display area.

[0090] In actual scenarios, there may be multiple sites for collaborative monitoring (including positioning and distance calculation, etc.). In this case, there may be interference measurements between antennas at multiple sites. To this end, the time of multiple sites can be processed uniformly, that is, the time of multiple sites is close and unified as a reference time to reduce interference measurements between antennas. As a feasible method, the characteristics of radio signals can be characterized based on waveform diagrams to reduce interference measurements between antennas. For example, the host computer can also send a fourth instruction to the device, and the electronic device receives the fourth instruction. In response to the fourth instruction, the collected radio signal is processed to generate a waveform diagram, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the waveform diagram are time, and the vertical coordinates are amplitude; a two-dimensional waveform diagram is displayed in the third display area to meet the interference measurement of the antenna array.

[0091] It is understandable that the collected radio signals have noise and other dryness. In order to obtain accurate analysis results, it is necessary to perform noise reduction on the radio signals. In an embodiment of the present application, multiple noise reduction algorithms (such as mean filter noise reduction algorithm, median filter noise reduction algorithm, wavelet transform noise reduction algorithm) may be set, and the signal processing accuracy corresponding to different noise reduction algorithms is different, or the resolution of the spectrum graph and / or waterfall graph corresponding to different noise reduction algorithms is also different. When performing noise reduction on the radio signal, the electronic device may select a first noise reduction algorithm from multiple noise reduction algorithms, and the first noise reduction algorithm may be determined according to the resolution of the spectrum graph and the waterfall graph; thereafter, the electronic device performs noise reduction on the subsequently acquired radio signal according to the first noise reduction algorithm, and then generates and displays the spectrum graph and waterfall graph according to the noise-reduced radio signal. By setting multiple noise reduction algorithms, the corresponding noise reduction algorithms can be adaptively adjusted based on different actual conditions, so as to maximize the noise reduction processing effect and processing efficiency of the signal.

[0092] The radio signal data currently collected is named and stored according to the collection time. When viewing, it can be searched based on time, and the search time is relatively long. Moreover, the collection time is based on a 24-hour system. It is possible that the radio signal data corresponding to the same time is collected at the same time on different days. In this way, it is impossible to locate and query the radio signal data of a specific day. For this reason, in an embodiment of the present application, the radio signal data is stored in the form of a file, and the radio signals within a period of time are stored in a file. The name of each file is named after the time when the folder is closed. The upper limit of the size of a file can also be limited. If the size of a folder reaches the upper limit, the file is closed. For example, a first file can be created in a first folder, and the collected radio signal data can be stored in the first file until the size of the first file reaches a preset value, the first file is closed, and the name of the first file is updated; wherein the name of the first file is the time when the first file is closed.

[0093] If the date of the first folder is the same as the current date, that is, the radio signal data in the first folder is based on the granularity of days, and the radio signal data in the first folder is for the current day, then after closing the first file, a new second file can be created in the first folder, and the collected radio signal data can be stored in the second file until the size of the second file reaches a preset value, the second file is closed, and the name of the second file is updated; wherein the name of the second file is the time when the second file is closed.

[0094] If the date of the first folder is different from the current date, that is, the radio signal data in the first folder is not of the current day, then a second folder is created, and a second file is created in the second folder, and the collected radio signal data is stored in the second file until the size of the second file reaches a preset value, the second file is closed, and the name of the second file is updated; wherein the name of the second file is the time when the second file is closed. That is, if the collected radio signal is of the next day, a new folder is created.

[0095] In this way, creating folders with day-based granularity to store radio signal data makes it easier to search and query than storing radio signal data in units of acquisition time.

[0096] Considering that the threshold for the occurrence of a radio burst is determined based on historical solar data, the threshold for the occurrence of a radio burst (i.e., the aforementioned first radio burst threshold) may be inappropriate, resulting in inaccurate judgment results of the radio burst. To this end, in an embodiment of the present application, after determining that a radio burst exists, a prompt message may be output, and the prompt message is used to indicate that a radio burst exists. The host computer may obtain radio signal data collected within a preset time period from at least one file in at least one folder according to the prompt message, and at least one folder includes a first folder, and at least one file includes a first file; determine a second radio burst threshold according to the acquired radio signal data, and update the first radio burst threshold to the second radio burst threshold. In other words, if the detection result is that a radio burst exists, the corresponding radio signal data may be searched from the stored files, and analysis may be performed based on the radio signal data. If it is determined that the current first radio burst threshold is unreasonable, the first radio burst threshold may be updated to the second radio burst threshold to improve the detection accuracy of the radio burst.

[0097] Alternatively, N radio burst thresholds corresponding to the change values ​​of N radio fluxes may be obtained; if the difference between the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold exceeds a first threshold, the first radio burst threshold is updated to the second radio burst threshold, and the first threshold is the maximum median or minimum value of the N radio burst thresholds. By comparing the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold, it may be determined whether the current first radio burst threshold is reasonable. If the current first radio burst threshold is unreasonable, the first radio burst threshold may be updated to the second radio burst threshold to improve the detection accuracy of radio bursts.

[0098] After determining that the first celestial body has a radio burst, the first communication device can switch from the first working mode to the second working mode based on an event trigger. That is, if the first celestial body has a radio burst, the monitoring parameters, such as resolution and radio signal acquisition frequency band, can be configured by switching the working mode to monitor the first celestial body more finely and maximize the accuracy of monitoring. For example, the acquisition frequency band of the radio signal in the second working mode includes the full bandwidth frequency band.

[0099] The following describes the device used to implement the above method in the embodiment of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the above content can be used in subsequent embodiments, and the repeated content will not be repeated.

[0100] See also Figure 3 The present application also provides an electronic device for implementing the functions of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The electronic device at least includes a processing module 320 and a storage module 310.

[0101] The processing module 320 is used to: determine, based on the ephemeris data, to monitor the first celestial body at the first time, and to obtain radio data of the first celestial body from the space radio signal acquisition device at the first time to monitor the first celestial body. The ephemeris data is used to determine the time to monitor at least one celestial body, and the at least one celestial body includes the first celestial body.

[0102] In a possible implementation, before determining to monitor the first celestial body at the first time, the processing module 320 is specifically used to: if the first time corresponds to multiple celestial bodies, collect radio signals from each celestial body; and select the first celestial body among the multiple celestial bodies according to a first signal strength threshold, the signal strength corresponding to the first celestial body being greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold.

[0103] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is specifically configured to: when the first time arrives, collect radio data of the first celestial body within a first frequency band.

[0104] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is specifically used to: when the first time arrives, collect radio flux data corresponding to each of the multiple frequency points included in the first frequency band of the first celestial body, wherein the first frequency band includes multiple sub-frequency bands, and one sub-frequency band corresponds to one or more frequency points.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is also used to: determine the position information of the celestial body to be observed based on the ephemeris data; determine the target angle and target direction of the antenna of the space radio signal acquisition device based on the position information of the target; generate and send a first instruction based on the target angle and target direction of the antenna, the first instruction is used to control the rotation of the antenna turntable, update the angle of the antenna to the target angle, and update the direction of the antenna to the target direction; and collect space radio signals based on the target angle and target direction.

[0106] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is also used to: determine radio flux data based on radio data; determine the active area of ​​the first celestial body based on the radio flux data, and extract the feature vector of the active area based on the feature extraction network; calculate the cosine distance between the feature vector and the feature vector of the reference active area to obtain a correlation matrix; when the Euclidean distance between the detection position and any predicted position exceeds a first threshold, the element of the correlation matrix value corresponding to the predicted position is set to infinity; match the updated correlation matrix according to the Hungarian matching algorithm to obtain a matching result, wherein if the matching result indicates that the change in the radio flux exceeds the first radio burst threshold, it is determined that a radio burst exists.

[0107] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is also used to: obtain N radio burst thresholds corresponding to the change values ​​of N radio fluxes; if the difference between the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold exceeds a first threshold, the first radio burst threshold is updated to the second radio burst threshold, and the first threshold is the maximum median or minimum value of the N radio burst thresholds.

[0108] In a possible implementation, after determining that there is a radio burst in the first celestial body, the processing module 320 is further used to: based on an event trigger, switch from the first working mode to the second working mode, and the acquisition frequency band of the radio signal in the second working mode includes the full bandwidth frequency band.

[0109] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is also used to: create a first file in a first folder; store the collected radio signal data in the first file until the size of the first file reaches a preset value, close the first file, and update the name of the first file; wherein the name of the first file is the time when the first file is closed; if the date of the first folder is the same as the current date, create a new second file in the first folder; if the date of the first folder is different from the current date, create a second folder, and create a second file in the second folder; store the collected radio signal data in the second file until the size of the second file reaches a preset value, close the second file, and update the name of the second file; wherein the name of the second file is the time when the second file is closed.

[0110] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is also used to: after determining the presence of a radio burst, output a prompt message, the prompt message being used to indicate the presence of a radio burst; obtain radio signal data collected within a preset time period from at least one file in at least one folder, at least one folder including a first folder, and at least one file including a first file; determine a second radio burst threshold based on the acquired radio signal data, and update the first radio burst threshold to the second radio burst threshold.

[0111] In a possible implementation, the processing module 320 is further configured to: select a first noise reduction algorithm from a plurality of noise reduction algorithms; and perform noise reduction processing on a subsequently acquired radio signal according to the first noise reduction algorithm.

[0112] In an embodiment of the present application, a celestial body monitoring system is also provided, which includes: a space radio signal acquisition device and a host computer. The space radio signal acquisition device is used to collect radio signals in space. The host computer is used to execute the method of the first aspect. For example, the host computer determines to monitor the first celestial body at the first time based on the ephemeris data, and when the first time arrives, the radio data of the first celestial body from the space radio signal acquisition device is obtained to monitor the first celestial body. The ephemeris data is used to determine the time to monitor at least one celestial body, and the at least one celestial body includes the first celestial body.

[0113] A computer-readable storage medium is also provided in an embodiment of the present application, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method in the above method example. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0114] In order to realize the functions of the method provided in the above embodiment of the present application, the electronic device for processing space radio signals may include a hardware structure and / or a software module, and the above functions are realized in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether one of the above functions is executed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0115] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0117] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0118] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0119] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: Universal Serial Bus flash disk (USB), mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0120] The various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or operated by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or the design of any combination of the above functions. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor can also be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. The processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration to implement.

[0121] The steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embedded in the software unit executed by the hardware, the processor, or a combination of the two. The software unit can be stored in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM or other storage media of any form in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and can write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium can also be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be arranged in an ASIC.

[0122] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0123] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring astronomical radio signals, characterized in that: include: Determining, based on the ephemeris data, to monitor a first celestial body at a first time, the ephemeris data being used to determine a time to monitor at least one celestial body, the at least one celestial body including the first celestial body; When the first time is reached, radio data of the first celestial body is acquired to monitor the first celestial body.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before determining to monitor the first body at the first time, the method further includes: If the first time corresponds to multiple celestial bodies, collecting radio signals from each of the celestial bodies; According to a first signal strength threshold, from the first celestial body among the multiple celestial bodies, the signal strength corresponding to the first celestial body is greater than or equal to the first signal strength threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the first time arrives, obtaining radio data of the first celestial body includes: When the first time is reached, radio data corresponding to each of the multiple frequency points included in the first frequency band of the first celestial body are collected, wherein the first frequency band includes multiple sub-frequency bands, and one sub-frequency band corresponds to one or more frequency points.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the position information of the celestial body to be observed according to the ephemeris data; Determine the target angle and target direction of the antenna of the space radio signal acquisition device according to the position information; A first instruction is generated and sent according to the target angle and target direction of the antenna, wherein the first instruction is used to control the rotation of the antenna turntable, update the angle of the antenna to the target angle, and update the direction of the antenna to the target direction.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine radio flux data according to the radio data, determine an active region of the first celestial body according to the radio flux data, and extract a feature vector of the active region according to a feature extraction network; Calculating the cosine distance between the feature vector and the feature vector of the reference activity area to obtain a correlation matrix; When the Euclidean distance between the detected position and any predicted position exceeds a first threshold, the element of the association matrix value corresponding to the predicted position is set to infinity; The updated correlation matrix is ​​matched according to the Hungarian matching algorithm to obtain a matching result, wherein if the matching result indicates that the change in the radio flux exceeds a first radio burst threshold, it is determined that a radio burst exists in the first celestial body.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining N radio burst thresholds corresponding to the change values ​​of N radio fluxes; If the difference between the first radio burst threshold and the second radio burst threshold exceeds a first threshold, the first radio burst threshold is updated to the second radio burst threshold, and the first threshold is the maximum median or minimum value of the N radio burst thresholds.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that After determining that the first celestial body has a radio burst, the method further includes: Based on an event trigger, the first working mode is switched to the second working mode, and in the second working mode, the acquisition frequency band of the radio signal includes the full bandwidth frequency band.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method further comprises: selecting a first noise reduction algorithm from a plurality of noise reduction algorithms; The subsequently acquired radio signal is subjected to noise reduction processing according to the first noise reduction algorithm.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: Create a first file in a first folder; storing the collected radio signal data into a first file until the size of the first file reaches a preset value, closing the first file, and updating the name of the first file; wherein the name of the first file is the time when the first file is closed; If the date of the first folder is the same as the current date, then a second file is newly created in the first folder; if the date of the first folder is different from the current date, then a second folder is created, and a second file is created in the second folder; The collected radio signal data is stored in a second file until the size of the second file reaches a preset value, the second file is closed, and the name of the second file is updated; wherein the name of the second file is the time when the first file is closed.

10. An astronomical radio signal monitoring software, characterized in that: include: Space radio signal acquisition equipment, used to collect radio signals in space; A host computer is used to determine, based on the ephemeris data, to monitor a first celestial body at a first time, and to obtain radio data of the first celestial body from the space radio signal acquisition device when the first time arrives, so as to monitor the first celestial body; wherein the ephemeris data is used to determine the time to monitor at least one celestial body, and the at least one celestial body includes the first celestial body.

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