Circuit system and method for operating a circuit system

Abstract

A circuit system and a method for operating a circuit system are disclosed. A circuit system for transferring a signal or energy from a DC side to an AC side includes a full bridge rectifier having an AC side and a DC side, the full bridge rectifier having two pairs of diodes connected in parallel, each pair of diodes including a lower diode and an upper diode connected in series. A load resistor is provided, one end of which is connected to the AC side of the full bridge rectifier between one of the diode pairs and the other end of which is connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source having a ground potential. The voltage signal generation device generates a voltage signal to be supplied to the load resistor by the auxiliary DC voltage source according to a signal or an amount of energy to be transmitted to the AC side or from the AC side to the DC side of the full bridge rectifier. When the lower diode connected to the load resistor is in an on state such that the AC side and the DC side temporarily have the same ground potential, the voltage signal evaluation device extracts the signal or the amount of energy from the voltage at the load resistor during a predetermined time interval.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a circuit system for transmitting a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy from a DC side of the circuit system to an AC side, or from an AC side to a DC side. The present invention also relates to a method for operating a circuit system to transmit a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy from a DC side of the circuit system to an AC side, or from an AC side to a DC side, wherein the circuit system may preferably be a circuit system as described above. Background Art

[0002] EP 2400668 A1 describes a circuit system for data transmission on a power line. A circuit for modulating the line communication current and a circuit for synchronization are provided. A low voltage power conductor and a switch mode converter arranged in a power block are provided, the power block being linked to a device for processing data to the power block.

[0003] Another circuit system is known from CN 113395087 A1. This circuit system has a bridge rectifier circuit and a buck circuit connected to one output of the rectifier circuit. In addition, a linear optocoupler is connected to the output of the buck circuit, which has one end connected to a single-chip microcomputer sampling circuit. This is used as a chopper correction mode in data transmission via the power line. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the invention is to provide a circuit arrangement for transmitting signals or data information and / or a certain amount of energy, and a method for operating such a circuit arrangement in such a way that the problems of the prior art can be avoided.

[0005] This object is solved by a circuit system having the features of claim 1 and a method for operating such a circuit system having the features of claim 15. Advantageous and preferred configurations of the invention are the subject of further claims and are explained in more detail below. Some features may be described only with respect to the circuit system or only with respect to the method. However, independently and without regard to this, they are intended to be applicable to the circuit system and its method of operation independently of one another. The wording of the claims is made by way of explicit reference to the contents of the description.

[0006] The circuit system according to the present invention comprises a full-bridge rectifier having an AC side and a DC side, with which a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy can be transmitted from the DC side of the circuit system to the AC side, or from the AC side of the circuit system to the DC side. The full-bridge rectifier consists of two pairs of diodes connected in parallel, wherein each pair of diodes comprises a lower diode and an upper diode, which are again connected in series with each other. The circuit system also comprises a load resistor, wherein one end of the load resistor is connected to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier between the lower diode and the upper diode of one of the aforementioned diode pairs. The other end of the load resistor is connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source, which has a ground potential that is the same as the ground potential of the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier. The circuit system also has a voltage signal generating device for generating a voltage signal according to or corresponding to the signal or data information and / or according to or corresponding to a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier, and the voltage signal will be supplied to the load resistor by the auxiliary DC voltage source. In a similar manner, the voltage signal generating means may generate a voltage signal to be supplied by the AC side to the load resistor according to or corresponding to the signal or data information and / or according to or corresponding to a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier. There is a voltage signal evaluation means for extracting the signal or data information and / or the certain amount of energy from the voltage at the load resistor during a predetermined time interval when the lower diode connected to the load resistor is in a conducting state so that the AC side and the DC side temporarily have the same ground potential. This condition of having the same ground potential allows transmission.

[0007] The present invention allows data, signals or energy to be transmitted between two electronic circuits with different references without isolation between the two circuits. One of them is the AC side and one is the DC side, and the transmission direction can be any one of them. The present invention is based on the fact that during AC to DC rectification with a full-bridge rectifier, when the DC and AC circuits are at the same potential due to the conduction time of the lower diode, there is a short time window corresponding to the transmission time. This time window can be changed based on the DC load consumption and the value of the rectifying DC filter capacitor. For the rest of the cycle, when the lower rectifier bridge diode is not conducting, it is necessary to block the voltage between the DC and AC circuits to avoid voltage from AC. This will be superimposed on the DC voltage circuit with adverse consequences. A disadvantage of the present invention is that the time window for transmission is short and is not always available, but needs to be aligned with the conduction time of the lower diode. Of course, the amount of data or energy to be transmitted is also limited. But this can be handled, and sometimes it is enough to transmit a relatively small amount of data or energy.

[0008] The circuit system may also include a capacitor connected in parallel with the aforementioned load resistor. It may also be provided and adapted to store a certain amount of energy to be transferred to the AC side or DC side of the full bridge rectifier. This may facilitate faster transmission.

[0009] In one embodiment of the invention, the circuit system comprises an additional DC voltage source for supplying a DC voltage to the aforementioned capacitor. This may help to charge the capacitor.

[0010] In an even further embodiment, the circuit system may further comprise a second resistor connected in parallel to the DC side. Its resistance value, which may be in the range of 10 kOhm to 50 kOhm, determines the amount of the predetermined time interval for transmission. In an alternative embodiment, its resistance value may be even lower, such as 32 Ohm.

[0011] In one embodiment of the invention, the load resistor can be a thermistor, which is used as a temperature sensor. In this case, its temperature or resistance value, respectively, can be the data to be transmitted. The thermistor can have a negative temperature coefficient, i.e. NTC, which generally allows good and accurate temperature measurement.

[0012] Preferably, the load resistor may be adapted and provided for measuring the operating temperature of the TRIAC (alternatively an IGBT or any other such semiconductor power switch). This is a safety measure against the TRIAC overheating too much or approaching to causing damage to the surroundings or itself.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circuit system can be adapted to transfer a signal, data information and / or a certain amount of energy from the DC side of a full-bridge rectifier to the AC side, or from the AC side to the DC side, without using any additional devices, such as: isolation transformer windings, optocouplers, capacitive isolators. This allows the circuit system to be simplified.

[0014] In a further embodiment of the invention, one end of the load resistor may be directly connected to a terminal provided between a lower diode and an upper diode in one of the diode pairs of the rectifier.The load resistor may also be connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source or a data source, respectively, via a diode.

[0015] In a preferred manner, the voltage signal evaluation device can be adapted to extract the data information by measuring only the voltage across an auxiliary resistor or from or to a voltage variable source connected in series with a load resistor. The auxiliary resistor can again be connected in series to the load resistor. This can provide a simple method of extracting the data information.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned predetermined time interval may have a duration of at least 1 / 33 of the period of the AC voltage input to the full-bridge rectifier. This may preferably be at least 1 / 32, even more preferably at least 1 / 30, corresponding to at least 0.67 milliseconds. The above-mentioned predetermined time interval may even have a duration of 1 / 10 of the period of the AC voltage input in a specific embodiment. For an AC period of 20 milliseconds or 50 Hz, respectively, this may correspond to a time interval of 2 milliseconds.

[0017] In a further embodiment of the invention, the variable voltage source can be connected to the AC side with a resistor connected in series, so that the voltage across the resistor can again depend on the value of the voltage of the variable voltage source. The resistor can be an auxiliary resistor, in particular a resistor as described above. The current through such an auxiliary resistor connected to the auxiliary DC voltage source can depend on the voltage of the variable voltage source. As a result, the voltage of the variable voltage source appears at a capacitor, which is again connected in series with the auxiliary DC voltage source and in parallel with the auxiliary resistor.

[0018] In a method for operating a circuit system according to the present invention, the circuit system transmits a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy from the DC side of the circuit system to the AC side or from the AC side to the DC side, the first or previous step may be to provide a circuit system including a full-bridge rectifier having an AC side and a DC side, preferably as described above. The system may consist of two pairs of diodes connected in parallel, wherein each pair of diodes includes a lower diode and an upper diode, and the diodes are connected in series. A load resistor is provided, wherein one end of the load resistor is connected to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier between the lower diode and the upper diode in one of the diode pairs. The other end of the load resistor is connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source, which has a ground potential that is the same as the ground potential of the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier. According to the signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier, a DC voltage signal is generated by the auxiliary DC voltage source and supplied to the load resistor. Alternatively, according to the signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier, an AC voltage signal is generated and supplied to the load resistor.

[0019] In the next step, when the lower diode connected to the load resistor is in its conducting state so that the AC side and the DC side temporarily have the same ground potential during the above-mentioned transmission time, the signal or data information and / or the certain amount of energy is extracted from the voltage at the load resistor during the predetermined time interval. This has been briefly described before.

[0020] These and further features can be gathered from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, wherein the individual features can in each case be realized individually or separately in the form of subcombinations in embodiments of the invention and in other fields and can constitute advantageous and independently patentable versions claimed herein. The subdivision of the application into individual sections and intermediate headings does not restrict the general validity of the statements made under these sections and intermediate headings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same elements will be represented by the same reference numerals.

[0022] Figure 1 is the circuit system of the invention in a first simple embodiment,

[0023] Figure 2 is the voltage between the reference points AC and DC, and the "transit time",

[0024] Figure 3 is a circuit system of the present invention in a second detailed embodiment,

[0025] Figure 4 is a circuit system of the present invention in a third detailed embodiment,

[0026] Figure 5 This is a voltage-dependent system of the present invention in a fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Figure 1 The invention of the circuit system in FIG. 1 shows two different electronic circuits with two independent references. The two electronic circuits include an AC circuit with an AC voltage source and a rectifier DC circuit from the AC power source. The DC circuit can also be varied, such as having a filter option after rectification, and a DC power supply that reduces the filtered voltage value to a lower range. Figure 1 is an implementation of a single phase full wave rectification with additional filter as topology according to the present invention to send data from DC side V2 to AC side V1. V2 is a data DC source or energy source which in the final application can be a microprocessor or any other electronic device that generates data or signals or provides energy respectively, such as transistors etc. Figure 1 The values ​​of the components are shown in . Capacitor C2 can also be omitted, but it is not absolutely necessary. It should only be used if energy is to be transmitted as well, not just signals or data. It should be noted that capacitor C2 is needed in order to store the energy from DC on the AC side. The window time for transmitting energy is limited to the time that D5 is turned on. Obviously, C2 is needed to supply R2 when it is not possible to transmit energy from V2, because D5 does not conduct energy and therefore is not within the time slot window of the transmission time.

[0028] The principle is very similar to that used to transmit signals or data, but in this case V2 is a power supply referenced to DC ground.

[0029] In the case where capacitor C2 is not present when only a signal or data is to be transmitted, R2 may only have a value of 1k. Another resistor should then be connected in line between D3 and V2, this resistor having a value of approximately 1k.

[0030] Resistor R2 is the AC load to which data or energy will be transferred.

[0031] Figure 2 A sine wave of voltage is shown, which indicates a short time interval as the transmission time, which has been mentioned before as the transmission time, when the lower diode D5 is in the conducting state, so that the AC side and the DC side temporarily have the same ground potential. Figure 2 As can be seen in Figure 1, the transmission time is very short, for example only about 1 millisecond. If this time window matches, any data or energy can be sent to the load referenced to the AC side or the DC side, as described previously.

[0032] Figure 3 The circuit system according to the present invention is shown in more detail. The main purpose of the optocoupler U1 (4N25) is to provide a voltage level to the AC side reference, rather than a pulse. Capacitor C2 is charged through D3 and can act as a voltage source between Vbst and AC_Ref. The voltage can then be sent to R6 through the optocoupler U1. Assuming the voltage at C2 is stable, the voltage across R6 will also be stable and controlled by the optocoupler U1. Transistor BC547B as Q1 is the current driver for the optocoupler U1.

[0033] Voltage source V2 is the control signal for optocoupler U1 and also for diode D6. Therefore, a voltage profile of V2 can be seen across R6 and on the AC side across R1. Figure 3 In a circuit system, any data or energy can be sent from the DC side to the AC side.

[0034] Figure 4A variation of the invention embodiment is shown that allows sensing or reading the NTC value called the AC reference circuit from the DC circuit. The voltage division between the voltage source V5 (=5V) and the voltage source V4 (=15V) for R_NTC is similar to the previous one, but an impedance R19 is inserted between them. Therefore, the voltage across V5 will be obtained by multiplying the ratio R_NTC / (R_NTC+R19) with R_NTC. Considering that R_NTC changes with temperature, because it is NTC, the voltage at T_Temp (which is related to DC_REF) will change proportionally with the change of R_NTC. R_NTC can be any temperature measurement called AC_Ref. It can be set next to the TRIAC for measuring and controlling its temperature. The main advantage is that an analog signal can be read, which is the voltage across R_NTC without an optocoupler. The analog signal can be read by the circuit R_NTC, D8, D9, R19 and C4. The voltage across C4 (called DC_REF) is proportional to the voltage across R_NTC.

[0035] When D5 turns on (which happens every 16, 7, or 20 milliseconds), then C2 is connected to 15V DC and charged. R5 defines the duration of D5's conduction and the charging of C2. Figure 4 In the circuit system, only data but no energy can be sent from the AC side to the DC side via the R_NTC.

[0036] Figure 5 A similar circuit system is shown which can be used to read a variable voltage called AC_Ref. The voltage across R10 will depend on the voltage value of V10, and therefore the current through R19 will depend on the voltage V10. By measuring the voltage at the V_measure point on the right, the voltage value of V10 can be determined.

[0037] use Figure 5 In the circuit system of FIG. 1 , only data but no energy can be sent from the AC side to the DC side via the variable voltage at V10 .

Claims

1. A circuit system for transmitting a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy from a DC side of the circuit system to an AC side, or from an AC side of the circuit system to a DC side, comprising: - a full-bridge rectifier having an AC side and a DC side and consisting of two pairs of diodes connected in parallel, each pair comprising a lower diode and an upper diode connected in series; - load resistor, o One end of the load resistor is connected to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier between the lower diode and the upper diode in one of the diode pairs, and o the other end of the load resistor is connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source having the same ground potential as the ground potential of the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier; - voltage signal generating means for generating a voltage signal to be supplied to the load resistor by the auxiliary DC voltage source in accordance with a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier, or for generating a voltage signal to be supplied to the load resistor by the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier in accordance with a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier; - Voltage signal evaluation means for extracting the signal or data information and / or the certain amount of energy from the voltage at the load resistor during a predetermined time interval when the lower diode connected to the load resistor is in a conducting state so that the AC side and the DC side temporarily have the same ground potential.

2. The circuit system of claim 1, further comprising a capacitor connected in parallel with the load resistor and provided and adapted to store the certain amount of energy to be transferred to the AC side or the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier. 3 . The circuit system according to claim 2 , wherein the circuit system further comprises an additional DC voltage source for supplying a DC voltage to the capacitor.

4. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the circuit system further comprises a second resistor connected in parallel with the DC link, the resistance of which determines the amount of the predetermined time interval.

5. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the load resistor is a thermistor. The circuit system of claim 5 , wherein the load resistor has a negative temperature coefficient.

7. The circuit system according to claim 1, wherein: The load resistor is adapted and provided for measuring the operating temperature of the TRIAC.

8. The circuit system according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit system is adapted to transfer data information and / or the amount of energy from the DC side to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier without using any of an isolation transformer winding, an optocoupler, and a capacitive isolator.

9. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein one end of the load resistor is directly connected to a terminal disposed between the lower diode and the upper diode.

10. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the load resistor is connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source via a diode.

11. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the voltage signal evaluation means is adapted to extract the data information by measuring only the voltage across the auxiliary resistor or from or to a voltage variable source connected in series with the load resistor.

12. The circuit system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined time interval has a duration of at least 1 / 33 of a period of the AC voltage input to the full-bridge rectifier.

13. The circuit system of claim 12, wherein the predetermined time interval has a duration of at least 1 / 30 of a period of the AC voltage input to the full-bridge rectifier.

14. A circuit system according to claim 1, wherein a variable voltage source is connected to the AC side and has a resistor connected in series so that the voltage across the resistor depends on the value of the voltage of the variable voltage source, wherein the current through the auxiliary resistor connected to the auxiliary DC voltage source depends on the voltage of the variable voltage source, so that the voltage of the variable voltage source exists at a capacitor connected in series with the auxiliary DC voltage source and in parallel with the auxiliary resistor.

15. A method for operating a circuit system, the circuit system transferring a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy from a DC side of the circuit system to an AC side, or vice versa, the method comprising the following steps: - providing a circuit system comprising a full-bridge rectifier having an AC side and a DC side and consisting of two pairs of diodes connected in parallel, each pair of diodes comprising a lower diode and an upper diode connected in series; a load resistor having one end connected to the AC side of the full bridge rectifier between the lower diode and the upper diode of the diode pair and having the other end connected to an auxiliary DC voltage source having a ground potential that is the same as the ground potential of the DC side of the full bridge rectifier; - generating a DC voltage signal according to a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the AC side of the full-bridge rectifier and supplying it to the load resistor through an auxiliary DC voltage source, or generating an AC voltage signal according to a signal or data information and / or a certain amount of energy to be transmitted to the DC side of the full-bridge rectifier and supplying it to the load resistor, and - When the lower diode connected to the load resistor is in its conducting state so that the AC side and the DC side temporarily have the same ground potential, the data information and / or the certain amount of energy is extracted from the voltage at the load resistor during a predetermined time interval.

16. The method of claim 15, for operating a circuit system according to claim 1.

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