Bicycle transmission system

Abstract

The pedal drive system includes an input interface, an output interface, and a power transfer belt. The power transfer belt is engaged with the input interface and the output interface to transfer force from the input interface to the output interface. At least one of the input interface and the output interface includes a plurality of movable pins engaged with the power transfer belt.

Description

Background Art

[0001] Background and related fields

[0002] Bicycles provide power driven by the rider's legs. There are limits to the amount of force a human rider can generate through bicycle pedals and chainrings, so many bicycles offer drivetrains with variable gear ratios to accommodate varying terrain and road conditions.

[0003] The subject matter claimed herein is not limited to implementations that solve any disadvantages or operate only in the above-described environment. Rather, this background is provided merely to illustrate one exemplary technology area in which some implementations described herein may be practiced. Summary of the invention

[0004] In some embodiments, the pedal transmission system includes an input interface, an output interface, and a power transmission belt. The power transmission belt engages with the input interface and the output interface to transfer force from the input interface to the output interface. At least one of the input interface and the output interface includes a plurality of movable pins engaged with the power transmission belt.

[0005] In some embodiments, the pedal transmission system includes an input interface, an output interface, and a power transmission belt. The power transmission belt engages with the input interface and the output interface to transfer force from the input interface to the output interface. The input interface and the output interface include a plurality of movable pins engaged with the power transmission belt, and the plurality of movable pins are positioned in a plurality of concentric rings around the rotation axis.

[0006] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0007] Other features and advantages will be described in the following description, and some features and advantages will be apparent from the description or will be learned by practicing the teachings herein. The features and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized and obtained by the methods and combinations specifically noted in the appended claims. The features of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description and the appended claims, or may be understood by practicing the present disclosure set forth below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to describe the manner in which the above-mentioned features and other features of the present disclosure can be obtained, a more specific description will be given with reference to the specific embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings. For better understanding, the same elements are marked with the same reference numbers in the various drawings. Although some of the drawings may be schematic or exaggerated representations of concepts, at least some of the drawings may be drawn to scale. On the basis of understanding that the drawings describe some example embodiments, the embodiments will be described and illustrated in more detail through the use of the drawings, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bicycle with a gearless transmission system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0010] Figure 2 A gearless transmission system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1 A side view of a bicycle;

[0011] Figure 3 is a detailed view of a gearless transmission system at a first gear ratio according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 4 According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 Detailed view of the gearless transmission system in the second gear ratio;

[0013] Figure 5 According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 4 Detailed diagram of the gearless transmission system at the third gear ratio;

[0014] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a gearless transmission system with a mechanically actuatable pin in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a gearless transmission system with a mechanically actuatable pin in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a gearless transmission system with a piston-actuable pin in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a pin according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Fig.10 is a perspective view of an angled pin according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Fig.11is a perspective view of a tapered pin according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Fig.12 is a perspective view of a frustoconical pin according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Fig.13 is a perspective view of a semi-cylindrical pin according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Fig.14 is a side view of an input shaft interface according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, illustrating the rotational timing of actuation;

[0023] Figure 15-1 is a side view of an input shaft interface showing a ramp actuation mechanism according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 15-2 According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 15-1 Radial view of the input shaft interface;

[0025] Fig.16 is a detailed diagram of a power transmission chain for use in any of the systems described herein, in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Fig.17 is a side view of a system including the power transmission chain of FIG. 15 in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Fig.18 is a perspective view of a transmission system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 19-1 According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Fig.18 A side view of the chain belt;

[0029] Figure 19-2 According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 19-1 An end view of the chain belt;

[0030] Fig. 20 is another link in contact with the plurality of pins according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 21-1 is a side view of a high-resolution input interface having a first engagement profile according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 21-2 is a second meshing profile according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 21-1 a side view of a high-resolution input interface; and

[0033] Figure 21-3 is a third meshing profile according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 21-1 Side view of the high-resolution input interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present disclosure generally relates to a transmission system including a chain or cable for transmitting power from an input shaft to an output shaft. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a bicycle transmission system that is primarily or entirely pedal-driven and / or human-powered, but the transmission system according to the present disclosure can be applied to electric or traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) transmission systems in various vehicles or equipment.

[0035] Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of a bicycle 100. The bicycle 100 includes a transmission system 102 that converts an input torque about an input shaft 104 connected to a crank arm 106 and a pedal 108 to an output torque about an output shaft 110 connected to a rear wheel 112. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 1 is a side view of bicycle 100. Transmission system 102 includes an input interface 114 connecting input shaft 104 to belt 116, which in turn connects to output interface 118 connected to output shaft 110.

[0036] In some embodiments, a transmission system according to the present disclosure transmits power from an input shaft to an output shaft via a variable transmission ratio. Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmission system 102 includes an input shaft 104 and an output shaft 110 connected by a belt 116. The belt 116 transmits the torque applied to the input shaft 104 through the belt 116 to apply the torque to the output shaft 110. In some embodiments, the input shaft 104 is a crankshaft, such as a crankshaft on a bicycle or other pedal-driven device. In some embodiments, the input shaft 104 is a crankshaft, such as a crankshaft on a motorcycle or other motor-driven device. In some embodiments, the output shaft 110 is a drive axle, such as a drive axle on a bicycle or other wheeled vehicle. In some embodiments, the output shaft 110 is another drive shaft, such as a drive shaft on a propeller or other rotating device. In some embodiments, the output shaft 110 of the transmission system 102 is the input shaft of another system or device. The transmission system 102 allows the use of a variable gear ratio to provide a mechanical advantage or conversion between the input torque and the input speed at the input shaft 104 and between the output torque and the output speed at the output shaft 110.

[0037] Figure 3A transmission system 102 is shown with a high gear ratio between the input interface and the output interface. The gear ratio is determined by the ratio of the input radius of the input interface 114 relative to the output radius of the output interface 118. In some embodiments, the input interface 114 or the output interface 118 is a fixed radius, such as a single gear. In some embodiments, the input interface 114 or the output interface 118 includes a traditional transmission, while other interfaces include multiple pins to provide a variable radius as described herein. Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, both the input interface 114 and the output interface 118 are variable radius interfaces using concentric ring pins 120. The dark colored pins in the embodiment shown represent actuated pins that engage between the first and second supports to interact with the belt 116.

[0038] In some embodiments, each of the interface concentric rings can be actuated independently of the other rings. In some embodiments, the interface actuates all pins 120 within the outermost actuated ring (i.e., closer to the interface axis). For example, Figure 3 The outermost ring of the input interface 114 is actuated, so all the rings of the input interface 114 and all the pins 120 are actuated. The output interface 118 has the second ring as the outermost actuated ring (in the direction radially outward from the axis), so the second ring and the pin 120 of the first ring are actuated, and the rings other than the second ring (the third ring, the fourth ring, the fifth ring) are not actuated.

[0039] The pins 120 may be actuated directly or indirectly by one or more actuation mechanisms. In some embodiments, the pins 120 are individually actuable. In some embodiments, the pins 120 may be actuated in batches of two or more, such as actuating the entire ring simultaneously or substantially simultaneously. Substantially simultaneously is understood to be actuating the entire ring within a single turn of the ring around the axis.

[0040] Figure 4 shows that the input radius is reduced Figure 3 In some embodiments, a transmission system 102 according to the present disclosure includes a variable radius input interface 114 between an input shaft 104 and a belt 116. By changing the input radius between the input shaft 104 and the belt 116, the linear velocity of the belt 116 and the force applied to the belt 116 may vary. The variable radius input interface 114 may change the radius in separate steps by actuating a plurality of pins 120 in concentric rings around the input shaft 104. The concentric rings may be positioned at equal radial intervals, with the pins 120 of each ring positioned at equal rotational spacings. In other words, when the radius of the input interface 114 is changed by actuating the pins 120 or a ring of pins 120, the spacing between each pin 120 remains constant.

[0041] In various embodiments, the pin 120 is actuated by one or more mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators or a combination thereof. By actuating the pin 120 in the axial direction of the input shaft 104 (both transverse to the tension direction of the belt 116 and the radial direction of the input shaft 104), the pin 120 can transmit force between the input interface 114 and the belt 116 without requiring an actuator mechanism to withstand the force transmitted between the two.

[0042] Figure 5 shows that the output radius increases Figure 3 In some embodiments, a transmission system 102 according to the present disclosure includes a variable radius output interface 118 between an output shaft 110 and a belt 116. By varying the output radius between the output shaft 110 and the belt 116, the angular velocity of the output shaft 110 relative to the linear velocity of the belt 116 and the force applied by the belt 116 to the output shaft 110 can be varied. The variable radius output interface 118 can vary in radius in separate steps by actuating a plurality of pins 120 in concentric rings around the output shaft 110. The concentric rings can be positioned at equal radial intervals, with the pins 120 of each ring being positioned at equal rotational spacings. In other words, when the radius of the output interface 118 varies by actuating the pins 120 or rings of pins 120, the spacing between each pin 120 remains constant.

[0043] In various embodiments, the pin 120 is actuated by one or more mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators or combinations thereof. By actuating the pin 120 in the axial direction of the output shaft 110 (transverse to both the tension of the belt 116 and the radial direction of the output shaft 110), the pin 120 can transfer force between the belt 116 and the output interface 118 without requiring an actuator mechanism to withstand the force transferred therebetween. In at least one embodiment, the transmission system 102 includes both the variable radius input interface 114 and the variable radius output interface 118.

[0044] therefore, Figure 3 The gear ratio of the illustrated transmission system 102 is a high gear ratio because the input radius is greater than the output radius. Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention is to reduce the input radius by deactuating the ring of the input interface 114 (i.e., placing the ring in an unactuated state or returning the ring to an unactuated state) to a lower gear ratio. The output radius remains constant, resulting in a ratio of Figure 3 Similarly, Figure 5 Shows Figure 3 An embodiment of the transmission system 102 in which all rings and pins are actuated in both the input interface 114 and the output interface 118 results in the input radius and the output radius being equal. In other words, Figure 5The illustrated embodiment depicts a 1:1 gear ratio. In some embodiments, the transmission system 102 includes a tensioner 121 that applies a force to the belt 116 to maintain tension on the belt as the radius of the input interface 114 and / or the output interface 118 changes.

[0045] The belt 116 may include a flexible material, a plurality of articulated links, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the belt 116 is a continuous endless belt including a flexible material (e.g., rubber or other polymers) such that the belt 116 is a continuous flexible belt. In some embodiments, the belt 116 includes a series of rigid links movably connected to each other, such as a continuous endless chain, including but not limited to a traditional bicycle chain. In some embodiments, the belt 116 includes rigid links with flexible members therebetween that allow the rigid links to move relative to each other.

[0046] The belt 116 may include a plurality of engagement features. The engagement features 122 may include protrusions, grooves, teeth, ridges, grooves, or other features in or on the belt surface, or features such as holes that pass through the belt. The engagement features 122 allow for mechanical interlocking with complementary features in the input interface 114 and / or the output interface 118 (e.g., the pins 120 described herein). For example, the belt 116 may include teeth protruding from the inner surface of the belt 116 to engage with and / or fit between the pins 120 of the interface. In some embodiments, the belt 116 includes one or more longitudinal grooves that interlock or interact with the grooves on the pins 120 to help align the belt 116 with the longitudinal direction of the transmission system 102.

[0047] In some embodiments, the belt 116 is smooth at least in the longitudinal direction of the inner surface. The belt 116 can rely on frictional engagement with the pin 120 to transmit force between the input shaft and / or the output shaft and the belt. The belt 116 can include a layer or coating on the inner surface that has a higher coefficient of friction than the belt body material that provides elastic strength and / or tensile strength to the belt 116. In other examples, the belt 116 can be a rubber material that provides a relatively high coefficient of friction while being reinforced with an internal material (e.g., steel braid) to limit and / or prevent the belt 116 from stretching under load.

[0048] According to the present disclosure, the transmission system 102, and in particular the interfaces 114, 118 with the actuable pins 120, can change the radius of the interfaces 114, 118 without moving the belt 116 laterally relative to the longitudinal direction of the belt 116. This is in stark contrast to the multiple gears or cogs of a conventional multi-ratio bicycle transmission system. Conventional bicycle transmission systems shift the chain axially between fixed radius gears that are stacked axially along the chainring or drive axle. When the chain is at the end of a gear box (e.g., a gear set), the chain may be cross-loaded and / or bound in the transmission system. Further, relative to the embodiments of the transmission system described herein, the gear box requires an increase in the width of the chainstay and the transmission system. In some embodiments, the transmission system 102 according to the present disclosure can improve aerodynamics, internal friction, weight, and reliability of the transmission system compared to conventional systems including a gear box and a transmission.

[0049] Figure 6 2 is a top view of an input interface 214 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Although the input interface 214 is described, it should be understood that the description herein is also applicable to the output interface. The input interface 214 has a fixed chain line, which means that the chain or other belt ( Figure 6 The transmission ratio is changed by changing the actuable pin 220 inserted into the input interface 214 support. In some embodiments, the translatable pin 220 is at least partially axially movable between the first support 224 and the second support 226, so that when actuated, the pin 220 contacts and is supported by both the first support 224 and the second support 226, wherein the belt 216 is located between the first support 224 and the second support 226. Thus, the first support 224 and the second support 226 can provide support for the pin 220 when a load is applied between the interface and the belt. The supports 224, 226 can bear the force, and the actuator only needs to move the pin 220 axially (perpendicular to the belt) when not bearing the load.

[0050] In some embodiments, the pins 220 can be individually actuatable, wherein at least some of the pins 220 can be actuatable independently of any other pins 220. For example, each pin 220 can have an independent actuator 228 that moves only that pin 220. In other examples, the pins 220 can be rotationally movable relative to the actuator 228 (e.g., about an input shaft), thereby allowing a single actuator 228 to selectively actuate one or more pins 220.

[0051] In some embodiments, the actuator 228 is a mechanical actuator with one or more gears to move a rod, ramp, or other surface toward the pin 220. For example, the actuator 228 can move axially to apply force to the pin 220. In another example, the actuator 228 can have a ramp surface, and the actuator 228 moves radially toward or away from the axis of rotation of the shaft. The ramp surface can contact the pin 220 when the support 224, 226 and / or the pin 220 rotates around the shaft, and the position of the ramp surface of the actuator 228 can select which pins 220 contact the ramp surface. The contact between the actuator 228 and the pin 220 pushes the pin 220 axially along the axis of rotation of the shaft. In some embodiments, the actuator 228 can be electromagnetic, magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic, or a combination thereof. For example, an electromagnet can selectively push the pin into the support to engage with the belt, while a pneumatic cylinder returns the pin to a disengaged state. In other examples, a mechanical actuator may selectively push a pin into the support to engage the belt, while a permanent magnet cylinder returns the pin to a disengaged state.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, some embodiments of the interface 314 use an electromagnetic actuator 328 to apply a repulsive magnetic force to the pin to move the pin 320 into engagement with the supports 324, 326 and / or the belt. In some embodiments, a spring or other biasing element 330 can then return the pin 320 to a disengaged state. In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, an interface 414 according to the present disclosure uses a pneumatic actuator 428 to apply a mechanical force to a pin 420 to move the pin 420 into engagement with supports 424, 426 and / or a belt, and then a spring or other biasing element 430 may return the pin 420 to a disengaged state.

[0053] The pins may have various shapes to provide reliable actuation and efficient power transfer. Fig. 9 A first embodiment of a pin 420 according to the present disclosure is shown. In some embodiments, the pin 420 has a substantially cylindrical shape. For example, the pin 420 may be cylindrical throughout a contact portion 432 of the pin 420 where the belt contacts the pin 420 when the pin 420 is actuated and engaged with the belt. In some embodiments, the cylindrical contact portion 432 may provide efficient power transfer from the pin to the belt or from the belt to the pin.

[0054] The tip 434 of the pin 420 can be rounded or pointed to ensure reliable actuation of the first support and / or the second support through the interface. For example, if the pin 420 becomes bent or is not fully actuated before the belt contacts the pin, the tip 434 may be misaligned with the hole in the support that the pin is intended to enter. The rounded or pointed tip 434 allows the misaligned pin to still enter the hole in the support and engage with the first support and the second support, thereby effectively transferring power to or from the belt.

[0055] In some embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the pin 520 has a tapered contact portion 532. The tapered contact portion 532 can provide a lateral force to the belt to push the belt axially along the contact portion 532, thereby maintaining the belt in contact with the support and reducing belt vibration. Since belt vibration is a potential energy loss, maintaining the belt in contact with the first support or the second support can more efficiently transfer power from the input shaft to the output shaft. In some embodiments, such as Fig.11 As shown, the pin 620 is conical with a tapered contact portion 632 and a pointed tip 634. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown, the pin is frusto-conical with a tapered contact portion 732 and a blunt tip 734 .

[0056] In some embodiments, the pin is rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the pin, which allows the pin to rotate relative to the support without affecting the performance of the transmission system. In some embodiments, the pin is rotationally fixed relative to the support. Since only the radial outer surface (relative to the rotation axis of the support) contacts the belt, the pin can be semi-cylindrical in some embodiments of the present disclosure to reduce weight. Now refer to Fig.13 , relative to Figure 9-12 The semi-cylindrical pin 820 can remove a portion of the contact portion 832 and / or the tip 834 in order to achieve a rotationally symmetrical design. The semi-cylindrical pin can provide the same contact surface for the belt to transmit power while reducing the overall mass, especially the rotational mass of the transmission system.

[0057] In some embodiments, multiple pins may be actuated simultaneously. For example, batch actuation may allow the entire ring to be actuated simultaneously (e.g., multiple pins with equal radius from the axis of rotation). In other examples, batch actuation may allow all pins within the ring to be actuated simultaneously (e.g., all pins within a radius from the axis of rotation). In some embodiments, the pins remain actuated throughout the rotation of the interface, such as when a rider pedals a bicycle. In some embodiments, the pins are only active over a portion of the rotation length (e.g., the arc length of the ring currently engaged with the belt). For example, each interface of the transmission system (input and output interfaces) has only about 50% of the interface engaged with the belt. In high transmission ratio situations, the belt may contact more or less than 50% of the interface. The pins may be actuated only on a portion of the belt path where the belt engages the interface. In some embodiments, the pins engage at least the portion of the belt path where the belt engages the interface, but less than the entire circumference of the actuation ring.

[0058] Fig.14 An input interface 914 is shown where the band 916 is in contact with a transmission portion 936 of an outer ring of pins 920 of the interface 914, and the band 916 is not in contact with an actuation portion 938 of the outer ring. Within the actuation portion 938, the pins 920 in the outer ring or other rings of the interface 914 may be actuated or not actuated to adjust the effective radius of the interface 914. In some embodiments, the transmission portion 936 is at least 40% of the actuated outer ring circumference (e.g., 144°). In some embodiments, the transmission portion 936 is less than 60% of the actuated outer ring circumference (e.g., 216°). Because the pin 920 may be rubbed axially during the transmission portion 936 of the interface 914, the pin 920 may not be actuated during the transmission portion 936.

[0059] For example, the pin may be selectively actuated by contacting a movable ramp 1040 proximate to the first support member, such as Figure 15-1 and Figure 15-2As shown. When the pin 1020 rotates around the rotation axis, the movable ramp 1040 contacts the base of the pin 1020. The ramp surface 1044 of the movable ramp 1040 is an inclined surface that pushes the pin 1020 in the axial direction relative to the rotation direction 1042 to move the pin 1020 through the first support 1024 toward the second support 1026. In some embodiments, the ramp surface 1044 moves the pin 1020 to an engagement position with the first support 1024 and the second support 1026, and the second surface 1046 holds the pin 1020 in the engagement position when the pin 1020 moves through the arc path around the rotation axis. In some embodiments, the ramp surface 1044 moves the pin 1020 to an engagement position with the first support 1024 and the second support 1026, and a snap, a buckle, a pawl, a latch or other mechanical retention mechanism holds the pin 1020 in the engagement position. For example, the ramp surface 1044 can push the pin 1020 toward the engaged position, and a detent in the pin can engage the second support 1026, retaining the pin in the engaged position.

[0060] Pin 1020 can rotate through the transmission part of the rotational motion, during which the pin in the transmission part is actuated and in an engaged position. During the transmission part, the power transmission belt 1016 or chain is engaged with the pin 1020 until the pin 1020 approaches the actuation part of the rotational motion. In some embodiments, the actuated pin 1020 can be disengaged and / or released at the beginning of the actuation part to allow different pins 1020 to be actuated by the inclined plane, motor, piston, magnet, etc. described herein. In some embodiments, the actuated pin 1020 can remain in the engaged position until the transmission system selects a different ring of the pin. For example, a ramp surface or other engagement mechanism can push the pin 1020 toward the engaged position, at which position the pin 1020 will remain engaged until the ramp surface or other engagement mechanism selects a second ring (whose diameter is smaller or larger than the currently actuated ring).

[0061] In some embodiments, the angular position of the engagement point 1048 (e.g., the starting point of the transmission portion, whether the pin remains engaged throughout the rotation) is relative to the drive shaft 1050 between the input shaft and the output shaft. It should be understood that the engagement point 1048 can be changed by changing the path of the chain or belt 1016 between the input interface 1014 and the output interface, such as by an idler pulley. In some embodiments, the engagement point 1048 is approximately 90° to the drive shaft 1050 between the input shaft and the output shaft. For example, when the input interface 1014 and the output interface have equal radii of the selected pin 1020 or gear, the engagement point 1048 can be 90° to the drive shaft 1050 (except for chain sag). As the input interface 1014 and / or the output interface radius changes, the angular position of the engagement point 1048 may change due to the change in the angle of the chain or belt 1016.

[0062] In some embodiments, the angle between the meshing point 1048 of at least one of the input interface and the output interface and the transmission shaft 1050 is between 70° and 110°. In some embodiments, the angle between the meshing point 1048 of at least one of the input interface and the output interface and the transmission shaft 1050 is between 75° and 105°. In some embodiments, the angle between the meshing point 1048 of at least one of the input interface and the output interface and the transmission shaft 1050 is between 80° and 100°.

[0063] In some embodiments, the actuation area of ​​at least one of the input interface and the output interface is less than 180° of the rotational motion of the input interface and the output interface, respectively. In some embodiments, the actuation area of ​​at least one of the input interface and the output interface is less than 160° of the rotational motion of the input interface and the output interface, respectively. In some embodiments, the actuation area of ​​at least one of the input interface and the output interface is less than 140° of the rotational motion of the input interface and the output interface, respectively. In some embodiments, the transmission portion of the input interface and / or the output interface is the remaining portion of the rotational motion.

[0064] The pedal transmission system according to the present disclosure allows the use of a single chain line between the input interface and the output interface, reducing the wear and drag of the belt or chain, thereby improving the service life of the components and the efficiency of the transmission system. In some embodiments, the pedal transmission system according to the present disclosure can reduce weight and / or allow wireless actuation to further improve bicycle performance.

[0065] Because the belt or chain engages with transverse pins rather than radial teeth, the belt or chain may have different properties and / or geometry than a conventional bicycle chain. For example, a conventional belt or chain receives teeth of a gear or cog in an opening or groove between the pins of each link. In some embodiments according to the present disclosure, a bicycle chain for transmitting power between an input shaft and an output shaft includes teeth extending laterally from at least one side of the link between the pins of each link.

[0066] Fig.161 is a side view of a portion of an embodiment of a link 1116 according to the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the link 1116 includes a plurality of outer links 1152 and inner links 1154 connected by hinges 1156. The hinges 1156 can be connected by inserting a pin through the outer links 1152 and through the inner links 1154, thereby connecting the outer links 1152 and the inner links 1154 into a rotatable hinge 1156. In some embodiments, the links 1152, 1154 can be connected by a press fit of a protrusion and a pawl. For example, the outer link 1152 can have a protrusion that cooperates with a pawl in the inner link 1154, or the inner link 1154 can have a protrusion that cooperates with a pawl in the outer link 1152.

[0067] In some embodiments, the link 1116 includes a plurality of teeth 1158 on the link 1116 to engage between the pins. Fig.17 Teeth 1158 are shown on the inner face of the loop formed by the chain belt 1116 around the input shaft and the output shaft. The teeth 1158 are longitudinally located between the hinged connections of the links 1152, 1154. In some embodiments, each link of the chain belt 1116 includes at least one tooth 1158. In some embodiments, at least one link of the chain belt 1116 includes a plurality of teeth 1158. In some embodiments, at least one link has teeth 1158 on both the inner face 1160 of the chain belt 1116 and the outer face 1162 of the chain belt 1116. For example, some embodiments of the transmission system according to the present disclosure may include a guide sprocket (jockeywheel) or guide wheel to guide the chain belt 1116 around the transmission system during suspension movement or shifting. The teeth on both faces 1160, 1162 of the chain belt 1116 can engage the chain belt 1116 with the guide sprocket or guide wheel to keep it in the chain line and / or in a tensioned state.

[0068] In some embodiments, a flexible continuous belt with inwardly facing teeth or protrusions may be used to transfer power from the input shaft to the output shaft. For example, the flexible continuous belt may provide a smooth outer surface, reducing the joints to limit and / or prevent dust ingress and wear. The flexible continuous belt may present a smooth outer surface, which also improves safety because objects are less likely to be caught by the belt than with an articulated chain.

[0069] Fig.18 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a transmission system 1200 according to the present disclosure. Fig.18The transmission system 1200 is shown with the pins 1220 of the input interface 1214 and the output interface 1218 disengaged, but any number or combination of pins 1220 may be engaged to adjust the transmission ratio between the input interface 1214 and the output interface 1218. In some embodiments, the link 1216 includes a plurality of links 1252, 1254 to contact and engage the pins 1220 of the interfaces 1214, 1218. The plurality of outer links 1252 and inner links 1254 each have a groove 1222 located between the connecting hinges 1256.

[0070] The groove 1222 is positioned to allow the pin 1220 to engage with the link between the hinge 1256. For example, Figure 19-1 Shows Fig.18 A section of the middle link 1216. The outer link 1252 and the inner link 1254 are bent or curved to provide a groove 1222 in which the pin 1220 can fit. The hinge 1256 and the pin 1220 are aligned along the chain axis 1264 so that the center of the pin 1220 is aligned between the centers of the hinge 1256. The alignment of the pin 1220 and the hinge 1256 can allow for more efficient power transfer between the interface and the link 1216. In addition, the alignment of the pin 1220 and the hinge 1256 can allow for reduced wear on the link 1216 because the force applied by the pin 1220 is aligned with the connection between the links 1252, 1254. To further align the link in the interface, as shown in FIG. Figure 19-2 As shown, at least outer link 1252 may be tapered from outer surface 1262 to inner surface 1260. The tapered surface may contact first support member 1224 and / or outer guard plate 1226 to center outer link 1252.

[0071] Reference now Fig. 20 , the description herein describes the pin as a circle, in some embodiments, the pin 1320 of the input interface and / or the output interface can have other cross-sectional shapes, such as triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse, pentagon, other regular polygonal shapes, irregular polygonal shapes, irregular curved shapes or combinations thereof. The groove 1322 and the pin 1320 can be complementarily shaped to effectively transmit power between the pin 1320 of the input interface and / or the output interface and the links 1352, 1354.

[0072] In other embodiments, Figure 21-1 , Figure 21-2 and Figure 21-3As shown, the high-resolution input interface and / or output interface includes a dense array 1466 of pins 1420. The input interface 1414 includes a high density of pins 1420, such as pins with a diameter less than 2.0mm, 1.5mm or 1.0mm. The array 1466 of pins 1420 is positioned to allow various engagement profiles 1468-1, 1468-2, 1468-3 to interact with a belt (such as any flexible belt or chain belt described herein). In some embodiments, the array 1466 of pins allows the first engagement profile 1466-1 to have multiple lobes 1470 with shapes complementary to the grooves of the belt. The high-resolution array 1466 allows the formation of various engagement profiles with different radii, thereby making the transmission ratio of the input interface 1414 and / or the output interface substantially continuously variable. In some embodiments, the high-resolution array 1466 changes in response to measurements from a torque sensor in the crank or input interface 1414. For example, the high resolution array 1466 may vary the engagement profiles 1468-1, 1468-2, 1468-3 to compensate for changes in user input torque throughout the pedal stroke.

[0073] For example, Figure 21-2 The second meshing profile 1468-2 is shown. Figure 21-1 The input interface 1414 of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 14. The second engagement profile 1468-2 has an elliptical profile that allows the input interface 1414 to change the torque applied to the input shaft 1404 based on the position of the pedal in the rider's stroke. For example, when the crank arm is level with the ground, the rider can apply more force to the crankset, and when the crank arm is perpendicular to the ground, the rider can apply less force to the crankset. The elliptical second engagement profile 1468-2 can change the torque applied to the input shaft 1404 by changing the lever arm that applies the force.

[0074] In other examples, the meshing profile has other non-circular shapes, e.g. Figure 21-3 , which shows a third meshing profile 1468-3 Figure 21-1 The third engagement profile 1468-3 is circular but eccentric about the input shaft 1404. Again, because the force applied to the crankset by the rider's pedal stroke varies throughout the stroke, the eccentric third engagement profile 1468-3 can vary the torque applied to the input shaft 1404 by varying the lever arm that applies the force.

[0075] Industrial Applications

[0076] The present disclosure generally relates to a transmission system including a chain or cable for transmitting power from an input shaft to an output shaft. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a bicycle transmission system that is primarily or entirely pedal-driven and / or human-powered, but the transmission system according to the present disclosure can be applied to electric or traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) transmission systems in various vehicles or equipment.

[0077] In some embodiments, a bicycle includes a transmission system that converts an input torque about an input shaft connected to a crank arm and a pedal to an output torque about an output shaft connected to a rear wheel. The transmission system includes an input interface that connects the input shaft to a belt that in turn connects to an output interface connected to the output shaft.

[0078] In some embodiments, a transmission system according to the present disclosure transmits power from an input shaft to an output shaft by a variable transmission ratio. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmission system includes an input shaft and an output shaft connected by a belt. The belt applies torque to the output shaft by the belt, applying torque to the input shaft. In some embodiments, the input shaft is a toothed disc, such as a toothed disc on a bicycle or other pedal-driven device. In some embodiments, the input shaft is a crankshaft, such as a crankshaft on a motorcycle or other motor-driven device. In some embodiments, the output shaft is a drive axle, such as a drive axle on a bicycle or other wheeled vehicle. In some embodiments, the output shaft is another drive shaft, such as a drive shaft on a propeller or other rotating device. In some embodiments, the output shaft of the transmission system is the input shaft of another system or device. The transmission system allows a variable transmission ratio to provide a mechanical advantage or conversion between the input torque and input speed at the input shaft and the output torque and output speed at the output shaft.

[0079] The gear ratio is determined by the ratio of the input radius of the input interface relative to the output radius of the output interface. In some embodiments, the input interface or the output interface is a fixed radius, such as a single gear. In some embodiments, both the input interface and the output interface are variable radius interfaces using concentric annular pins. The dark pins in the illustrated embodiment represent actuated pins that engage between the first support and the second support to interact with the belt.

[0080] In some embodiments, each of the concentric rings of the interface can be actuated independently of the other rings. In some embodiments, the interface actuates all pins within the outermost actuation ring (i.e., closer to the axis of the interface). For example, when the outermost ring of the input interface is actuated, all rings and all pins of the input interface can be actuated. In another example, the output interface has a second ring as the outermost actuation ring (in a radially outward direction along the axis), so the pins of the second ring and the first ring are actuated, while the rings outside the second ring (the third, fourth, and fifth rings) are not actuated.

[0081] The pins may be actuated directly or indirectly by one or more actuating mechanisms. In some embodiments, the pins are individually actuable. In some embodiments, the pins may be actuated in batches of two or more, such as actuating the entire ring simultaneously or substantially simultaneously. Substantially simultaneously is understood to be actuating the entire ring within a single turn of the ring around the axis.

[0082] In some embodiments, a transmission system according to the present disclosure includes a variable radius interface between an input shaft and a belt. By changing the input radius between the input shaft and the belt, the linear speed of the belt and the force applied to the belt can be changed. The variable radius input interface can change the radius in separate steps by actuating multiple pins in concentric rings around the input shaft. In various embodiments, the pins are actuated by one or more mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators or combinations thereof. By actuating the pins in the axial direction of the input shaft (transverse to the tension of the belt and the radial direction of the input shaft), the pins can transfer forces between the interface and the belt without the need for an actuator mechanism to withstand the forces transferred therebetween.

[0083] In some embodiments, a transmission system according to the present disclosure includes a variable radius interface between an output shaft and a belt. By changing the output radius between the output shaft and the belt, the angular velocity of the output shaft relative to the belt and the force applied to the output shaft by the belt will change. The variable radius output interface can change the radius in separate steps by actuating multiple pins in concentric rings around the output shaft. In various embodiments, the pins are actuated by one or more mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators or a combination thereof. By actuating the pins in the axial direction of the output shaft (transverse to the tension of the belt and the radial direction of the output shaft), the pins can transfer force between the belt and the interface without the need for an actuator mechanism to withstand the force transmitted therebetween. In at least one embodiment, the transmission system includes a variable radius input interface and a variable radius output interface.

[0084] In some cases, the transmission ratio of the transmission system is a high transmission ratio, such as when the input radius is greater than the output radius. In some cases, the transmission ratio of the transmission system is a low transmission ratio, such as when the rings of the input interface are deactivated (i.e., the rings are placed in an unactuated state or returned to an unactuated state) to reduce the input radius. Similarly, when all the rings and pins in the input interface and the output interface are actuated, the input radius and the output radius can be equal. In other words, when the radii of the input ring and the output ring are the same, the transmission ratio of the transmission system is 1:1.

[0085] The belt may include a flexible material, a plurality of articulated links, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the belt is a continuous endless belt including a flexible material (e.g., rubber or other polymer) such that the belt is a continuous flexible belt. In some embodiments, the belt includes a series of rigid links movably connected to each other, such as a continuous endless chain, including but not limited to a traditional bicycle chain. In some embodiments, the belt includes rigid links with flexible members therebetween, allowing the rigid links to move relative to each other.

[0086] The belt may include a plurality of engagement features. The engagement features may include protrusions, grooves, teeth, ridges, grooves or other features in or on the belt surface, or features such as holes that pass through the belt. The engagement features allow for mechanical interlocking with complementary features in the interface (e.g., pins as described herein). For example, the belt may include teeth protruding from the inner surface of the belt to engage with and / or fit between pins of the interface. In some embodiments, the belt includes one or more longitudinal grooves that interlock or interact with the grooves on the pins to help the belt align with the longitudinal direction of the transmission system.

[0087] In some embodiments, the belt is smooth at least in the longitudinal direction of the inner surface. The belt can rely on frictional engagement with the pin to transmit force between the input shaft and / or output shaft and the belt. The belt can include a layer or coating on the inner surface that has a higher coefficient of friction than the belt body material that provides elastic strength and / or tensile strength to the belt. In other examples, the belt can be a rubber material that provides a relatively high coefficient of friction while being reinforced with an internal material (e.g., steel braid) to limit and / or prevent the belt from stretching under load.

[0088] According to the present disclosure, a transmission system, particularly an interface with an actuatable pin, is capable of changing the radius of the interface without laterally moving the belt. This is in stark contrast to the multiple gears or cogs of a conventional multi-ratio bicycle transmission system. Conventional bicycle transmission systems move the chain axially between fixed radius gears that are stacked axially along the chainring or drive axle. When the chain is located at the end of a gear box (e.g., a gear set), the chain may be cross-loaded and / or incorporated into the transmission system. Further, relative to the embodiments of the transmission system described herein, the gear box requires an increase in the width of the chainstay and the transmission system. In some embodiments, a transmission system according to the present disclosure can improve aerodynamics, internal friction, weight, and reliability of the transmission system compared to conventional systems including a gear box and a transmission.

[0089] In some embodiments, the input interface has a fixed chain line, meaning that the chain or other belt does not deflect laterally (i.e., perpendicular to the direction of the chain or belt when moving). The transmission ratio is changed by changing the actuatable pin inserted into the input interface support. In some embodiments, the translatable pin is at least partially axially movable between the first support and the second support, so that when actuated, the pin contacts and is supported by both the first support and the second support, wherein the belt is located between the first support and the second support. Thus, the first support and the second support can provide support for the pin when a load is borne between the interface and the belt. The supports can bear the force, and the actuator only needs to move the pin axially (perpendicular to the belt) when it is not under load.

[0090] In some embodiments, the pins can be individually actuated, where at least some of the pins can be actuated independently of any other pins. For example, each pin can have an independent actuator that moves only that pin. In other examples, the pins can be rotationally movable relative to the actuator (e.g., about an input shaft), thereby allowing a single actuator to selectively actuate one or more pins.

[0091] In some embodiments, the actuator is a mechanical actuator with one or more gears to move a rod, ramp or other surface toward a pin. For example, the actuator may move axially to apply force to the pin. In another example, the actuator may have a ramp surface that moves radially toward or away from the axis of rotation of the shaft. When the support and / or the pin rotates around the shaft, the ramp surface may contact the pin, and the position of the ramp surface may select which pins contact the ramp surface. The contact between the actuator and the pin pushes the pin axially along the axis of rotation of the shaft. In some embodiments, the actuator may be electromagnetic, magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic or a combination thereof. For example, an electromagnet may selectively push the pin into the support to engage with the belt, while a pneumatic cylinder returns the pin to a disengaged state. In other examples, a mechanical actuator may selectively push the pin into the support to engage with the belt, while a permanent magnet cylinder returns the pin to a disengaged state.

[0092] Some embodiments use an electromagnetic actuator to apply a repulsive magnetic force to the pin to move the pin into engagement with the support and / or belt. In some embodiments, a spring or other biasing element can then return the pin to a disengaged state. In some embodiments, a transmission system according to the present disclosure uses a pneumatic actuator to apply a mechanical force to the pin to move the pin into engagement with the support and / or belt, and then a spring or other biasing element can return the pin to a disengaged state.

[0093] The pin can have a variety of shapes to provide reliable actuation and efficient power transfer. In some embodiments, the pin has a substantially cylindrical shape. For example, the pin can be cylindrical throughout the contact portion of the pin where the belt contacts the pin when the pin is actuated and engaged with the belt. In some embodiments, the cylindrical contact portion can provide efficient power transfer from the pin to the belt or from the belt to the pin.

[0094] The tip of the pin can be rounded or pointed to ensure reliable actuation of the first support and / or the second support through the interface. For example, if the pin becomes bent or is not fully actuated before the belt contacts the pin, the tip may be misaligned with the hole in the support that the pin is intended to enter. The rounded or pointed tip allows the misaligned pin to still enter the hole in the support and engage with the first support and the second support, thereby effectively transferring power to or from the belt.

[0095] In some embodiments, the pin has a tapered contact portion. The tapered contact portion can provide a lateral force to the belt to push the belt axially along the contact portion, thereby maintaining the belt in contact with the support and reducing belt vibration. Since belt vibration is a potential energy loss, maintaining the belt in contact with the first support or the second support can more efficiently transfer power from the input shaft to the output shaft. In some embodiments, the pin is conical with a tapered contact portion and a pointed tip. In some embodiments, the pin is frustoconical with a tapered contact portion and a blunt tip.

[0096] In some embodiments, the pin is rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the pin, which allows the pin to rotate relative to the support without affecting the performance of the transmission system. In some embodiments, the pin is rotationally fixed relative to the support. Since only the radial outer surface (relative to the rotation axis of the support) contacts the belt, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pin can be semi-cylindrical to reduce weight. In some embodiments, relative to the rotationally symmetrical design, the semi-cylindrical pin can remove a portion of the contact portion and / or the tip. The semi-cylindrical pin can provide the same contact surface for the belt to transmit power while reducing the overall mass, especially the rotational mass of the transmission system.

[0097] In some embodiments, multiple pins may be actuated simultaneously. For example, batch actuation may allow the entire ring to be actuated simultaneously (e.g., multiple pins with equal radius from the axis of rotation). In other examples, batch actuation may allow all pins within the ring to be actuated simultaneously (e.g., all pins within a radius from the axis of rotation). In some embodiments, the pins remain actuated throughout the rotation of the interface, such as when a rider pedals a bicycle. In some embodiments, the pins act only on a portion of the rotation length (e.g., the arc length of the ring currently engaged with the belt). For example, each interface (input and output interface) of the transmission system has only about 50% of the interface engaged with the belt. In high transmission ratio situations, the belt may contact less than or less than 50% of the interface. The pins may be actuated only on a portion of the belt path where the belt engages the interface. In some embodiments, the pins engage at least the portion of the belt path where the belt engages the interface, but less than the entire circumference of the actuation ring.

[0098] In some embodiments, within the actuation portion, a pin in the outer ring or other ring of the interface may be actuated or deactuated to adjust the effective radius of the interface. In some embodiments, the transmission portion is at least 40% of the actuated outer ring circumference (e.g., 144°). In some embodiments, the transmission portion is less than 60% of the actuated outer ring circumference (e.g., 216°). Since the pin may be rubbed axially during the transmission portion of the interface, the pin may not be actuated during the transmission portion.

[0099] For example, the pin can be selectively actuated by contacting a movable ramp near the first support. When the pin rotates around the rotation axis, the movable ramp contacts the base of the pin. The ramp surface of the movable ramp is an inclined surface that pushes the pin in a lateral direction relative to the rotation direction so that the pin passes through the first support and moves toward the second support. In some embodiments, the ramp surface moves the pin to an engagement position with the first support and the second support, and when the pin moves through an arc path around the rotation axis, the second surface holds the pin in the engagement position. In some embodiments, the ramp surface moves the pin to an engagement position with the first support and the second support, and a snap, a clasp, a pawl, a latch or other mechanical retaining mechanism holds the pin in the engagement position. For example, the ramp surface can push the pin toward the engagement position, and the pawl in the pin can engage with the second support to hold the pin in the engagement position.

[0100] The pin can rotate through the transmission portion of the rotational motion, during which the pin in the transmission portion is actuated and in an engaged position. During the transmission portion, the power transmission belt or chain engages with the pin until the pin approaches the actuation portion of the rotational motion. In some embodiments, the actuated pin can be disengaged and / or released at the beginning of the actuation portion to allow different pins to be actuated by ramps, motors, pistons, magnets, etc. described herein. In some embodiments, the actuated pin can remain in the engaged position until the transmission system selects a different ring of the pin. For example, a ramp surface or other engagement mechanism can push the pin toward the engaged position, in which position the pin will remain engaged until the ramp surface or other engagement mechanism selects a second ring (whose diameter is smaller or larger than the currently actuated ring).

[0101] In some embodiments, the angular position of the engagement point (e.g., the starting point of the transmission portion, whether or not the pin remains engaged throughout the rotation) is relative to the drive shaft between the input shaft and the output shaft. It should be understood that the engagement point can be changed by changing the path of the chain or belt between the input interface and the output interface, such as through a guide wheel. In some embodiments, the engagement point is approximately 90° to the drive shaft between the input shaft and the output shaft. For example, when the input interface and the output interface have equal radii of the selected pins or gears, the engagement point can be 90° to the drive shaft (except for chain sag). As the input interface and / or output interface radius changes, the angular position of the engagement point may change due to changes in the angle of the chain or belt.

[0102] In some embodiments, the angle between the meshing point of at least one of the input interface and the output interface and the transmission shaft is between 70° and 110°. In some embodiments, the angle between the meshing point of at least one of the input interface and the output interface and the transmission shaft is between 75° and 105°. In some embodiments, the angle between the meshing point of at least one of the input interface and the output interface and the transmission shaft is between 80° and 100°.

[0103] In some embodiments, the actuation area of ​​at least one of the input interface and the output interface is less than 180° of the rotational motion of the input interface and the output interface, respectively. In some embodiments, the actuation area of ​​at least one of the input interface and the output interface is less than 160° of the rotational motion of the input interface and the output interface, respectively. In some embodiments, the actuation area of ​​at least one of the input interface and the output interface is less than 140° of the rotational motion of the input interface and the output interface, respectively. In some embodiments, the transmission portion of the input interface and / or the output interface is the remaining portion of the rotational motion.

[0104] The pedal transmission system according to the present disclosure allows the use of a single chain line between the input interface and the output interface, reducing the wear and drag of the belt or chain, thereby improving the service life of the components and the efficiency of the transmission system. In some embodiments, the pedal transmission system according to the present disclosure can reduce weight and / or allow wireless actuation to further improve bicycle performance.

[0105] Because the belt or chain engages with transverse pins rather than radial teeth, the belt or chain may have different properties and / or geometry than a conventional bicycle chain. For example, a conventional belt or chain receives teeth of a gear or cog in an opening or groove between the pins of each link. In some embodiments according to the present disclosure, a bicycle chain for transmitting power between an input shaft and an output shaft includes teeth extending laterally from at least one side of the link between the pins of each link.

[0106] In some embodiments, the chain includes a plurality of outer links and inner links connected by hinges. The hinges may be connected by inserting a pin through the outer links and through the inner links, thereby connecting the outer links to the inner links as a rotatable hinge. In some embodiments, the links may be connected by a press fit of a protrusion with a pawl. For example, the outer links may have a protrusion that cooperates with a pawl in the inner links, or the inner links may have a protrusion that cooperates with a pawl in the outer links.

[0107] In some embodiments, the chain includes a plurality of teeth on the chain to engage between the pins. In some embodiments, the teeth are longitudinally located between the hinged connections of the links. In some embodiments, each link of the chain includes at least one tooth. In some embodiments, at least one link of the chain includes a plurality of teeth. In some embodiments, at least one link has teeth on both the inward face of the chain and the outward face of the chain. For example, some embodiments of the transmission system according to the present disclosure may include a guide sprocket or guide wheel to guide the chain around the transmission system during suspension movement or shifting. The teeth on both faces of the chain can engage the chain with the guide sprocket or guide wheel to keep it in the chain line and / or in a tensioned state.

[0108] In some embodiments, a flexible belt with inwardly facing teeth or protrusions may be used to transfer power from the input shaft to the output shaft. For example, the flexible belt may provide a smooth outer surface with fewer connections to limit and / or prevent dust ingress and wear. The flexible belt may present a smooth outer surface, which also improves safety because objects are less likely to be caught by the belt than with an articulated chain.

[0109] In some embodiments, the link belt includes a plurality of links to contact and engage the pins of the interface. The plurality of outer links and the inner links each have a groove located between the connecting hinges.

[0110] The groove is positioned to allow the pin to engage the link between the hinge. The outer link and the inner link can be curved or arcuate to provide a groove in which the pin can fit. The hinge and the pin are aligned along the chain axis so that the center of the pin is aligned between the centers of the hinge. The alignment of the pin and the hinge can allow for more efficient power transfer between the interface and the chain belt. In addition, the alignment of the pin and the hinge can allow for reduced wear on the chain belt because the force applied by the pin is aligned with the connection between the links. To further align the chain belt in the interface, at least the outer link can be tapered from the outer surface to the inner surface. The tapered surface can contact the first support member and / or the outer guard plate to center the outer link.

[0111] The description herein describes the pins as being circular, in some embodiments, the pins of the input interface and / or the output interface may have other cross-sectional shapes, such as triangles, squares, rectangles, ovals, pentagons, other regular polygonal shapes, irregular polygonal shapes, irregular curved shapes, or combinations thereof. The grooves and pins may be complementarily shaped to effectively transfer power between the pins of the input interface and / or the output interface and the chain links.

[0112] In other embodiments, the high-resolution input interface and / or output interface comprises a dense array of pins. The input interface comprises a high density of pins, such as pins having a diameter less than 2.0 mm, 1.5 mm, or 1.0 mm. The array of pins is positioned to allow various engagement profiles to interact with a belt (e.g., any flexible belt or chain belt described herein). In some embodiments, the array of pins allows a first engagement profile to have a plurality of convex angles that are complementary in shape to the grooves of the belt. The high-resolution array allows the formation of various engagement profiles with different radii, thereby making the transmission ratio of the input interface and / or output interface substantially continuously variable.

[0113] The second engagement profile has an elliptical profile that allows the input interface to vary the torque applied to the input shaft 1404 based on the position of the pedal in the rider's stroke. For example, when the crank arm is level with the ground, the rider may apply more force to the crankset, and when the crank arm is perpendicular to the ground, the rider may apply less force to the crankset. The elliptical second engagement profile can vary the torque applied to the input shaft by changing the lever arm that applies the force.

[0114] In other examples, the engagement profile has other non-circular shapes, and the third engagement profile can be circular but eccentric about the input shaft. Likewise, since the force applied to the crankset by the rider's pedal stroke varies throughout the stroke, the eccentric third engagement profile can vary the torque applied to the input shaft by varying the lever arm that applies the force.

[0115] The articles "a", "an" and "the" are intended to indicate the presence of one or more elements described above. The terms "comprising", "including" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be other elements in addition to the listed elements. In addition, it should be understood that the reference to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" of the present disclosure is not intended to exclude the existence of other embodiments that also contain the listed features. For example, any element described herein in connection with an embodiment can be combined with any element of any other embodiment described herein. As will be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art encompassed by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the numbers, percentages, transmission ratios or other values ​​described herein are intended to include the value and other values ​​that are "approximately" or "approximately" the value. Therefore, the value should be interpreted broadly enough to include values ​​that are at least close enough to the value to perform the desired function or achieve the desired result. The value includes at least the expected changes in a suitable manufacturing or production process, and may include values ​​within the range of 5%, 1%, 0.1% or 0.01% of the value.

[0116] In view of the present disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that equivalent structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that various changes, substitutions, and modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Equivalent structures, including functional "method plus function" clauses, are intended to cover structures described herein that can perform the functions described, including both structural equivalents that operate in the same manner and equivalent structures that provide the same functions. It is the express intent of the applicant not to reference "method plus function" or other functional claims to any claim, except for those claims in which the words "method for..." appear together with the relevant function. Every addition, deletion, and modification to the embodiments within the meaning and scope of the claims should be included in the claims.

[0117] It should be understood that any directions or reference frames in the foregoing description are only relative directions or movements. For example, any reference to "front" and "back" or "up" and "down" or "left" and "right" is only a description of the relative position or movement of the relevant elements.

[0118] The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or characteristics. The described embodiments should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is indicated by the appended claims rather than the above description. Changes within the equivalent meaning and scope of the claims should be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pedal transmission system, comprising: Input interface; Output interface; as well as a power transmission belt engaged with the input interface and the output interface to transmit force from the input interface to the output interface, Wherein at least one of the input interface and the output interface includes a plurality of movable pins that engage with the power transmission belt.

2. The transmission system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable pins are positioned in a plurality of concentric rings about the axis of rotation.

3. The transmission system according to claim 2, wherein: The first concentric ring has a first radius and a first rotational spacing between the pins; as well as The second concentric ring has a second radius and a second rotational spacing between the pins, The first radius and the second radius are different, and the first rotational spacing between the pins and the second rotational spacing between the pins are equal.

4. The transmission system of claim 1, further comprising an actuator to move at least one pin of the plurality of movable pins from a disengaged state to an engaged state.

5. The transmission system of claim 4, wherein the actuator is a mechanical actuator.

6. The transmission system of claim 4, wherein the actuator is an electromagnetic actuator.

7. The transmission system of claim 4, wherein the actuator is a pneumatic actuator. 8 . The transmission system of claim 4 , wherein the actuator includes a ramp surface that contacts the at least one pin to move the at least one pin.

9. The transmission system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the input interface and the output interface comprises a first support and a second support.

10. The transmission system of claim 8, wherein at least one pin of the plurality of pins is movable between an engaged state and a disengaged state, wherein the at least one pin is positioned through the first support member and the second support member in the engaged state.

11. The transmission system of claim 1, wherein at least one pin of the plurality of movable pins has a tapered contact portion.

12. The transmission system of claim 1, wherein at least one pin of the plurality of movable pins has a rounded tip.

13. The transmission system of claim 1, wherein at least one pin of the plurality of movable pins has an engagement feature that retains the at least one pin in an engaged state.

14. The transmission system of claim 1, wherein the power transmission belt comprises a plurality of links.

15. A pedal transmission system, the transmission system comprising: Input interface; Output interface; as well as a power transmission belt engaged with the input interface and the output interface to transmit force from the input interface to the output interface, Wherein the input interface and the output interface include a plurality of movable pins that engage with the power transmission belt, and the plurality of movable pins are positioned in a plurality of concentric rings around a rotation axis.

16. The transmission system of claim 15, further comprising a belt tensioner to apply force to the power transmission belt.

17. The transmission system of claim 15, wherein the power transmission belt is a link belt comprising a plurality of links, wherein at least one link comprises longitudinal teeth between articulated connections.

18. The transmission system of claim 15, wherein the power transmission belt is a flexible continuous belt.

19. A pedal transmission system, the transmission system comprising: Input interface; a crankset connected to the input interface to transmit the torque of the pedal to the input interface; Output interface; as well as a power transmission belt engaged with the input interface and the output interface to transmit force from the input interface to the output interface, Wherein the input interface and the output interface include a plurality of movable pins that engage with the power transmission belt, and the plurality of movable pins are positioned in a plurality of concentric rings around a rotation axis.

20. The pedal transmission system of claim 19, wherein the input interface has a transmission portion and an actuation portion, the actuator being configured to actuate at least one of the plurality of movable pins when the at least one pin is located in the actuation portion.

Images