Breeding method for fertility transformation light-temperature characteristics of rice photo-thermo sensitive two-line sterile line
By selecting and breeding rice photothermal-sensitive two-line sterile lines in different planting environments, and using pollen microscopic examination and bagging self-transmissing technology, single plants with high sterile pollen ratio and low bagging self-transmissing fruiting rate in environment III, the problem that traditional methods cannot effectively examine the fertile conversion light temperature characteristics is solved, and direct and effective fertile conversion light temperature characteristics breeding is achieved, reducing production risks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411617704.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
Traditional sterile lines are selected and bred in intergenerational shuttle planting of sterile or fertile environments, and cannot effectively examine the fertility conversion light temperature characteristics of the sterile lines of the rice light temperature sensitive two lines, resulting in the fertility conversion of the sterile lines when the temperature is low in midsummer, resulting in the failure of hybrid rice seed production, resulting in economic losses and time waste.
By selecting and breeding two sterile lines of rice phototemperature-sensitive sterile lines in three different planting environments, namely low-latitude winter breeding environment, low-altitude positive season environment and high-altitude positive season environment, using pollen microscopic examination and bagging self-transmissing technology in Environment III, single plants with high proportion of sterile pollen and low bagging self-transmissing fruiting rate were selected for breeding of fertile conversion light temperature characteristics.
It effectively avoids the blindness of indirect speculation under environmental I and environmental II conditions, reduces the consumption of material resources, manpower and energy, and directly and effectively selects the fertility conversion light temperature characteristics of the sterile system, reducing the probability of production hazards.
Smart Images
Figure CN119522826A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rice breeding, and in particular relates to a breeding method for fertility conversion of a light-temperature characteristic of a rice light-temperature sensitive two-line sterile line. Background Art
[0002] The photothermosensitive two-line sterile line of rice (hereinafter referred to as the sterile line) behaves as sterile or fertile in different environments. Both characteristics have very important application value in production.
[0003] Traditional sterile lines are selected by planting them alternately between generations in sterile or fertile environments. Neither sterile nor fertile environments can be used to effectively examine the light-temperature characteristics of fertility transformation in photo-temperature-sensitive two-line sterile lines of rice, nor can the light-temperature characteristics of fertility transformation in sterile lines be effectively selected.
[0004] If the light and temperature characteristics of the fertility transformation of the sterile line are not good, the fertility transformation of the sterile line will occur when the temperature is relatively low in midsummer, making the sterile line partially fertile, causing the failure of hybrid rice seed production, resulting in huge economic losses and loss of time. Summary of the invention
[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for fertility conversion of a photothermal-sensitive two-line sterile rice line by using photothermal characteristics to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] A method for breeding rice photo-temperature sensitive two-line sterile lines for fertility conversion by photo-temperature characteristics, comprising the following steps:
[0008] S1. Selection of planting environment:
[0009] Three rice breeding and planting environments for the photothermosensitive two-line sterile lines of rice were determined, namely, environment I, environment II and environment III; the environment I was a low-latitude winter breeding planting environment in the Hainan Island plot at 18°09'-18°49' north latitude, the environment II was a mid-latitude low-altitude planting environment at 29-32° north latitude and less than 100 meters above sea level in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the environment III was a mid-latitude high-altitude planting environment at 29-32° north latitude and more than 700 meters above sea level in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;
[0010] S2. Preparation of hybrids to F2 generation:
[0011] Through artificial hybridization, the F1 seeds for breeding the combination of light-temperature-sensitive two-line sterile rice are prepared, and the pseudo-hybrids are eliminated by planting the F1 to obtain a certain amount of F2 mixed harvest seeds;
[0012] S3. Offspring breeding:
[0013] The F2 and its selected offspring are planted alternately in environment II and environment I until the F6 generation, and the sterile period of the sterile line is selected in environment II, and the fertile period of the sterile line is selected in environment I;
[0014] S4. Breeding for fertility transformation based on light and temperature characteristics:
[0015] In environment III, F6 seeds were planted according to the strains, pollen was examined under a microscope and bagged for self-pollination, and individual plants with a high proportion of sterile pollen and a low bagged self-pollination fruit set rate were selected, and the stumps were cut and regenerated to obtain F7 seeds;
[0016] S5. Continue breeding:
[0017] The F7 and its selected offspring were planted alternately in environment I and environment II and intensively selected for relevant traits until F 10 seed;
[0018] S6, Final Selection and Expansion:
[0019] Planting F in environment III 10 Seeds and pollen are examined under a microscope and bagged for self-pollination. Individual plants with a high proportion of sterile pollen and a low bagged self-pollination fruit set rate are selected for final selection. The final selection lines are then propagated in environment I for subsequent sterile line identification and hybrid matching.
[0020] Preferably, in step S2, the breeding of F1 seeds and F2 mixed seeds is carried out in environment I or environment II.
[0021] Preferably, the specific operations of step S3 are as follows:
[0022] In environment II, F2 seeds are planted, and 600 to 800 seedlings are transplanted for each combination. Sterile plants with suitable plant height, good flowering habits, and high exposed stigma are selected, and the stumps are cut to regenerate F3 seeds; in environment I, F3 seeds are planted according to strains, and plants with good fertility, excellent ear-grain traits, and good maturity are selected. Strain selection is mainly used, and excellent plants are selected from the selected strains to harvest F4 seeds; in environment II, F4 is planted according to strains, and sterile plants with excellent traits are selected. Strain selection is mainly used, and stumps are cut to regenerate F5 seeds; in environment I, F5 is planted according to strains, and excellent plants are selected according to the fertile period traits of the sterile strain, and F6 seeds are harvested.
[0023] Preferably, the step S4 includes the following specific operations:
[0024] F6 was planted according to strains, with strain selection as the main approach. Individual plants with excellent comprehensive traits in the selected strains were examined under a pollen microscope and bagged for self-pollination. Further individual plants with a higher proportion of sterile pollen and a lower bagged self-pollination fruit set rate were selected, and the stumps were cut and regenerated to obtain F7 seeds.
[0025] Preferably, the step S5 includes the following specific operations:
[0026] In environment I, F7 seeds were planted to obtain F8 seeds; in environment II, F8 seeds were planted and regenerated to obtain F9 seeds; in environment I, F9 seeds were planted to obtain F 10 Seeds, to enhance selection of traits related to the sterility period or fertility period of the male-sterile line.
[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0028] The breeding method for the fertility conversion light-temperature characteristics of the photothermosensitive two-line sterile line of rice of the present invention directly and effectively avoids the blindness of indirect speculation under the conditions of environment I and environment II by incorporating the planting link of environment III, and reduces the material, human and energy consumed for the speculation of this trait under the conditions of environment I and environment II. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that these are merely examples and illustrations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0031] Embodiment 1:
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for breeding fertility conversion of a photothermal sensitive two-line sterile rice line by using photothermal characteristics comprises the following steps:
[0033] S1. Selection of planting environment:
[0034] Three rice breeding and planting environments for the photothermosensitive two-line sterile line of rice were determined, namely, environment I, environment II and environment III; environment I is a low-latitude winter breeding planting environment in the Hainan Island area at 18°09'-18°49' north latitude, environment II is a mid-latitude and low-altitude planting environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at 29-32° north latitude and less than 100 meters above sea level, and environment III is a mid-latitude and high-altitude planting environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at 29-32° north latitude and more than 700 meters above sea level.
[0035] For the photothermosensitive two-line sterile line of rice, it is fertile when planted in environment I, and the fertility is examined by examining the self-reproduction characteristics of the sterile line and the panicle and grain characteristics, mature leaf phase and rice quality characteristics in the fertile state, etc.; it is sterile when planted in environment II, and the fertility is examined by examining the sterile outcrossing characteristics (the thoroughness of sterility and flowering habits related to outcrossing, such as flowering time, flowering period, opening and closing of the glume, and exposure of the stigma, etc.) and the growth period and stem and tiller characteristics in the sterile state, etc.; the sterile line is in a critical state of fertility conversion when planted in environment III, and the fertility conversion characteristics of the sterile line can be examined through pollen microscopy and bagging self-pollination.
[0036] S2, two-generation hybrid breeding:
[0037] The seeds of the two-line sterile lines of rice with photothermosensitive properties are artificially hybridized to obtain F1 seeds of the sterile line combination, and the pseudo-hybrids are eliminated by planting the F1 to obtain a certain amount of F2 mixed seeds. The breeding of F1 seeds and F2 mixed seeds is completed in environment I or environment II.
[0038] S3, multi-generation breeding:
[0039] The F2 mixed harvest seeds are planted alternately in environment II and environment I for multiple generations. Each time, seeds with excellent traits are obtained and selected for continued planting and selection of the next generation of seeds until F6 seeds are obtained. The specific operation is as follows:
[0040] In environment II, plant F2 seeds, transplant 600-800 seedlings per combination, select individual plants with suitable plant height, good flowering habit, and high exposed stigma, and cut the stumps to regenerate F3 seeds;
[0041] In environment I, F3 seeds are planted according to strains, and individual plants with good propagation ability, excellent ear-grain traits, and good maturity are selected based on the relevant traits during the fertile period. The strain selection is mainly based on the selection of strains, and excellent individual plants are selected from the selected strains to harvest F4 seeds;
[0042] In environment II, F4 was planted according to the line, and individual plants were selected according to the corresponding traits during the sterility period. The breeding strategy was still mainly based on line selection, and F5 seeds were obtained by cutting and regenerating.
[0043] In environment I, F5 was planted according to the strains, excellent individual plants were selected for the corresponding traits, and F6 seeds were harvested.
[0044] S4, Fertility Conversion Breeding:
[0045] In environment III, F6 seeds were planted according to strains, with strain selection as the main approach. Individual plants with excellent comprehensive traits within the selected strains were examined for pollen microscopy and bagged for self-pollination. Individual plants with a higher proportion of sterile pollen and a lower bagged self-pollination fruit set rate were selected, and F7 seeds were obtained by cutting stumps and regenerating.
[0046] S5. Purification and breeding:
[0047] F7 seeds were planted alternately in environment Ⅰ and environment Ⅱ for several generations until F 10 Seed, its specific operations are:
[0048] In environment I, F7 seeds were planted to obtain F8 seeds; then F8 seeds were planted in environment II to obtain F9 seeds; finally, F9 seeds were planted in environment I, and the strains were sampled for rice quality analysis and selected to obtain F 10 seed.
[0049] S6, Final Selection and Expansion:
[0050] Planting F in environment III 10 Seeds and pollen are examined under a microscope and bagged for self-pollination. Individual plants with a high proportion of sterile pollen and a low bagged self-pollination fruit set rate are selected for final selection. The final selection lines are then propagated in environment I for subsequent sterile line identification and hybrid matching.
[0051] Without incorporating environment III, the light and temperature characteristics of fertility transformation are not taken seriously in the process of selecting sterile lines. They can only be indirectly inferred through the fruiting conditions of the sterile lines in environment I or the pollen performance under microscopic examination of the sterile lines in environment II. This is not accurate enough, has low reliability, consumes a lot of energy and manpower, and cannot effectively select sterile lines based on their light and temperature characteristics for fertility transformation.
[0052] In the breeding process of sterile lines, environment III, which is under the light and temperature conditions for fertility and sterility transformation of sterile lines, is included, focusing on examining the light and temperature characteristics of fertility transformation of sterile lines, so as to reduce the probability of production risks to an extremely low level.
[0053] The environment III planting link is included in the sterile line breeding process, and the sterile line is selected under the light and temperature conditions of the fertility transformation light and temperature characteristics. This is direct and effective, avoiding the blindness of indirect inference under environment I and environment II conditions, and reducing the material, human and energy consumed in the speculation of this trait under environment I and environment II conditions.
[0054] The method of the present invention sets F 10 The sterile lines are selected by generations, and the F2~F5 generations are planted in environment I and environment II. The lower generations are selected for the sterile outcrossing characteristics, fertile self-propagation characteristics and other agronomic traits of the sterile lines. The overall traits of the sterile lines can be presented in a framework. The sterile line F6 strain obtained is not fully stable genetically, and some genes (traits) are still to be separated. It can ensure that there is room for selection for the light and temperature characteristics of the fertility transformation of the sterile lines in environment III and the selection is effective. F7-F9 are strengthened under the conditions of environment I and environment II and continue to be purified genetically. 10 The generation was strengthened with selection for fertility transformation light and temperature characteristics in environment III, and the final selection was carried out.
[0055] The method for breeding the fertility transformation light-temperature characteristics of the photothermosensitive two-line sterile line of rice of the present invention comprises the following steps: in the breeding process of the sterile line, the F6 generation is planted in environment III, and partial gene (trait) separation is effectively utilized when the genetic initial stability is not fully stable, and the method is specifically used for the breeding of the fertility transformation light-temperature characteristics of the sterile line, which is simple and effective; 10 Generations are planted in environment III, with a second round of intensive selection focusing on fertility transformation and light and temperature characteristics, and final selection.
[0056] The breeding method of the fertility transformation light-temperature characteristics of the photothermosensitive two-line sterile line of rice of the present invention, when not incorporating environment III, the fertility transformation characteristics of the sterile line are taken seriously, and can only be indirectly inferred through the fruiting condition of the sterile line in environment I or the pollen performance of the sterile line under microscopic examination in environment II, which consumes a lot of energy and manpower, and the inference result is not accurate enough, the reliability is low, and the fertility transformation characteristics of the sterile line cannot be effectively selected. By incorporating the planting link of environment III, the fertility transformation light-temperature characteristics of the sterile line are selected under the light-temperature conditions of the fertility transformation light-temperature characteristics, which is direct and effective, avoiding the blindness of indirect inference under the conditions of environment I and environment II, and reducing the material resources, manpower and energy consumed for the inference of this trait under the conditions of environment I and environment II.
[0057] The above is an exemplary description of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as such non-substantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for breeding rice photo-temperature sensitive two-line sterile lines for fertility conversion based on photo-temperature characteristics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Selection of planting environment: Three rice breeding and planting environments for the photothermosensitive two-line sterile lines of rice were determined, namely, environment I, environment II and environment III; the environment I was a low-latitude winter breeding planting environment in the Hainan Island plot at 18°09'-18°49' north latitude, the environment II was a mid-latitude low-altitude planting environment at 29-32° north latitude and less than 100 meters above sea level in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the environment III was a mid-latitude high-altitude planting environment at 29-32° north latitude and more than 700 meters above sea level in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; S2. Preparation of hybrids to F2 generation: Through artificial hybridization, the F1 seeds for breeding the combination of light-temperature-sensitive two-line sterile rice are prepared, and the pseudo-hybrids are eliminated by planting the F1 to obtain a certain amount of F2 mixed harvest seeds; S3. Offspring breeding: The F2 and its selected offspring are planted alternately in environment II and environment I until the F6 generation, and the sterile period of the sterile line is selected in environment II, and the fertile period of the sterile line is selected in environment I; S4. Breeding for fertility transformation based on light and temperature characteristics: In environment III, F6 seeds were planted according to the strains, pollen was examined under a microscope and bagged for self-pollination, and individual plants with a high proportion of sterile pollen and a low bagged self-pollination fruit set rate were selected, and the stumps were cut and regenerated to obtain F7 seeds; S5. Continue breeding: The F7 and its selected offspring were planted alternately in environment I and environment II and intensively selected for relevant traits until F 10 seed; S6, Final Selection and Expansion: Planting F in environment III 10 Seeds and pollen are examined under a microscope and bagged for self-pollination. Individual plants with a high proportion of sterile pollen and a low bagged self-pollination fruit set rate are selected for final selection. The final selection lines are then propagated in environment I for subsequent sterile line identification and hybrid matching.
2. The method for breeding rice photo-thermo-sensitive two-line sterile lines with excellent fertility transformed into photo-thermo characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the breeding of F1 seeds and F2 mixed seeds is completed in environment I or environment II.
3. The method for breeding rice photo-thermo-sensitive two-line sterile lines with excellent fertility transformed into photo-thermo characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operations of step S3 are as follows: In environment II, F2 seeds were planted, 600 to 800 seedlings were transplanted for each combination, and sterile plants with suitable plant height, good flowering habit, and high exposed stigma were selected, and the stumps were cut and regenerated to obtain F3 seeds; In environment I, F3 seeds are planted according to strains, and individual plants with good fertility, excellent ear-grain traits, and good maturity are selected. Strain selection is the main method, and excellent individual plants are selected from the selected strains to harvest F4 seeds; In environment II, F4 was planted according to strains, sterile plants with excellent traits were selected, and F5 seeds were obtained by cutting and regenerating the roots. In environment I, F5 was planted according to the line, excellent individual plants were selected according to the fertile period traits of the sterile line, and F6 seeds were harvested.
4. The method for breeding rice photo-thermo-sensitive two-line sterile lines with excellent fertility transformed into photo-thermo characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of step S4 is as follows: F6 was planted according to strains, with strain selection as the main approach. Individual plants with excellent comprehensive traits in the selected strains were examined under a pollen microscope and bagged for self-pollination. Further individual plants with a higher proportion of sterile pollen and a lower bagged self-pollination fruit set rate were selected, and the stumps were cut and regenerated to obtain F7 seeds.
5. The method for breeding rice photo-thermo-sensitive two-line sterile lines with excellent fertility transformed into photo-thermo characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operations of step S5 are as follows: In environment I, F7 seeds were planted to obtain F8 seeds; in environment II, F8 seeds were planted and regenerated to obtain F9 seeds; in environment I, F9 seeds were planted to obtain F 10 Seeds, to enhance selection of traits related to the sterility period or fertility period of the male-sterile line.