Zingiberaceae plant extract, compositions thereof, and pest control applications

Abstract

The application firstly discovers that the Zingiberaceae plant extract has excellent anti-insect activity on agricultural pests such as mites and thrips, and the compounding and co-extraction synergistic relationship between different species of ginger extracts, expands the application range of ginger extracts, and provides a new choice for controlling mites and thrips in agriculture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates generally to the use of plants in the Zingiberaceae family for pest control, and to pesticidal compositions of extracts from plants in the Zingiberaceae family, and to the fields of natural plant chemistry and pest control. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pest control is a worldwide problem. Humans have experienced the advent and widespread use of hundreds of chemically developed repellents, growth regulators, and pesticides, including pyrethroids, DEET and other aromatic amides, organophosphates, and carbamates. The effectiveness of these products is often limited by factors including human or environmental toxicity, insect resistance (particularly to pyrethroids, see, e.g., Romero et al.), limited residual activity, repellancy, and physical factors (odor, coloration) that make them unsuitable for indoor use. However, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for effective pest control products of natural origin.

[0003] Mites are important pests in agricultural production, causing damage to cotton, grain, fruit trees, forest trees, and ornamental plants. The cotton leaf mite (boll weevil) is one of the top ten pests in China. The two-spotted spider mite can pierce 18-22 plant cells per minute. The apple full claw mite and the hawthorn leaf mite are important mite pests in fruit trees in northern China, causing a 1 / 3-2 / 3 reduction in fruit yield when damage is severe. The wheat rock mite is found in all wheat-producing areas of China, causing severe damage that can result in no harvest of wheat grains. There are many species of cotton leaf mites that cause damage to cotton fields, resulting in a reduction of more than 30% in yield, or even complete browning of the cotton plants. Bryobiidae species cause damage to grasses and low plants. Among them, the alfalfa bryobiidae is a worldwide species that causes damage to wheat crops in northern China at the same time as the wheat rock mite. The fruit bryobiidae is distributed in the Americas, Europe, Asia, southern Africa, and Oceania, and is an important mite pest of fruit trees. It occurs 3-5 generations per year in northern China and 8-10 generations per year in southern China. The Tetranychidae subfamily causes damage to all higher plants. Commonly seen species include the Tetranychus genus, the Panonychus genus, the Eotetranychus genus, the Amblyomma genus, and the Schizotetranychus genus. The citrus full claw mite (citrus red mite) is widely distributed in citrus-producing areas around the world and is an important mite pest of citrus production, causing damage to both seedlings and mature trees, with the leaves showing gray-white spots after being damaged. The cypress small claw mite causes damage to cypress trees and is distributed in China and Japan. Cypress trees are severely damaged in dry years, with the tree crown appearing yellow and the needle leaves falling off. The rice Schizotetranychus is distributed in southwestern China and Thailand and causes severe damage to rice, with the leaves turning gray-green to gray-white due to the sucking of the leaves. The damaged rice plants have short spikes and small grains, with a general reduction in yield of about 10%, or up to more than 30% when damage is severe.

[0004] Thrips is the general term for Thysanoptera insects, which are small and often hidden in flowers and young leaves. Thrips have strong reproductive capacity, serious overlapping generations, and high outbreak frequency. Global trade and climate warming have accelerated the spread and damage of thrips pests. Thrips pests have gradually become one of the most important agricultural pest groups in the world. Thrips cause damage to various plants in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture, with the most serious damage occurring in tropical and subtropical regions. The transportation of agricultural products in different regions has exacerbated the rapid spread and transmission of thrips. Western flower thrips and palm thrips have spread globally. In addition to these, common global or regional important thrips pest species include Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan), Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan), Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, etc.

[0005] Ginger is a perennial herb known for its unique spicy flavor and extensive medicinal value. Originating in Southeast Asia, ginger has been widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, becoming one of the important economic crops. Ginger has a rich variety, including the most common Zingiber officinale, as well as Curcuma longa, Kaempferia galanga, Alpinia galanga, Hedychium coronarium, Alpinia zerumbet, and other species.

[0006] In agriculture, the application of ginger is not limited to the cultivation of spices and medicinal materials. Its extracts have shown a variety of potential uses in modern agriculture. Ginger plant extracts contain rich active ingredients such as gingerols, zingerones, and gingerol, which have various biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-insect. The anti-insect activity is mainly focused on parasites, Coleoptera such as medicinal beetles, Hemiptera such as whiteflies, Lepidoptera such as Spodoptera litura, Diptera such as Drosophila melanogaster, and Hymenoptera such as Megachile rotundata, but there are no effective reports on mites and thrips. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to provide natural insecticides with good control effect on mites, thrips, and other pests, the present application intends to study ginger plants, hoping to find new opportunities to control mites, thrips, and other pests.

[0008] The application first discovers that the Zingiberaceae plant extract has excellent anti-insect activity on mites and thrips of the order Thysanoptera and other pests. Meanwhile, the synergistic relationship between different species of Zingiberaceae plant extracts expands the application range of Zingiberaceae plant extracts and provides a new choice for controlling mites and thrips in agriculture.

[0009] Further, in some specific embodiments, it is found that after the application extracts different Zingiberaceae plants with different solvents and methods and then carries out activity determination, the results show that the Zingiberaceae plant extract can significantly control the target of Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Panonychus citri, Tetranychus urticae, thrips and the like, including the contact toxicity and repellent toxicity indexes of nymphs, adults and eggs.

[0010] Specifically, the application provides the use of Zingiberaceae plant extract in killing and / or controlling pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest oviposition, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs; the Zingiberaceae plant is selected from one or a combination of two or more of Zingiber officinale, Alpinia officinarum, Alpinia galanga, Alpinia speciosa and Anomum nobile; the extract is selected from one or a combination of two or more of volatile oil, water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract and methanol extract; the extract can be obtained by extracting a single Zingiberaceae plant or two or more Zingiberaceae plants together; and the pests are selected from insects of Thripidae, and / or animals of Tetranychidae, and / or animals of Nanosbidae, and / or animals of Eriophyidae, and / or animals of Cheyletidae, and / or animals of Tarsonemidae, and / or animals of Eulophidae, and / or animals of Pygmephoridae, and / or animals of Sarcoptidae, and / or animals of Acaridae, and / or animals of Dermatophagoidae.

[0011] During extraction, various parts of the Zingiberaceae plant can be selected, including but not limited to rhizomes, aboveground parts and the like.

[0012] Further, the Zingiberaceae plant extract is selected from one of Zingiber officinale rhizome extract and Alpinia officinarum rhizome extract, or a combination of Zingiber officinale rhizome extract and Alpinia officinarum rhizome extract in a ratio of 1-9:9-1, for example, a combination of Zingiber officinale rhizome extract and Alpinia officinarum rhizome extract in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 2:1, 2:3, 2:5, 2:7, 2:9, 3:1, 3:2, 3:4, 3:5, 3:7, 3:8, 4:1, 4:3, 4:5, 4:7, 4:9, 5:1, 5:2, 5:3, 5:4, 5:6, 5:7, 5:8, 5:9, 6:1, 6:5, 6:7, 7:1, 7:2, 7:3, 7:4, 7:5, 7:6, 7:8, 7:9, 8:1, 8:3, 8:5, 8:7, 8:9, 9:1, 9:2, 9:4, 9:5, 9:7, 9:8 and the like.

[0013] Further, the ratio of the ginger rhizome extract and the Alpinia oxyphylla rhizome extract is 7-9:3-1, for example, the ratio of the ginger rhizome extract and the Alpinia oxyphylla rhizome extract is 7:3, 7:2, 7:1, 8:3, 8:2, 8:1, 9:3, 9:2, 9:1, and the like.

[0014] Further, the ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting ginger rhizome with ethanol: ethyl acetate = 1-4:1; and the Alpinia oxyphylla rhizome extract is Alpinia oxyphylla rhizome volatile oil. Research shows that when the extract is selected from the above cases, the pest control effect is better. Further, the ginger rhizome extract and the Alpinia oxyphylla rhizome extract in the present application have a synergistic effect when the ratio is 7:3, and the pest control effect is significantly improved.

[0015] In the present application, the extraction methods such as water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and the like can be obtained by using conventional plant extraction methods, for example, but not limited to, heating extraction, percolation extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, immersion extraction, supercritical extraction, and the like.

[0016] The "ethanol" in the present application is selected from ethanol with a concentration of 95% or more, including but not limited to 95% ethanol, anhydrous ethanol, and the like.

[0017] In some specific embodiments of the present application, a mixed solvent of ethanol and ethyl acetate is preferably used for extraction. Research shows that the pest control effect of the mixed solvent extract is better than that of a single solvent. The mixed solvent can be selected as ethanol: ethyl acetate = 1-4:1.

[0018] In one specific embodiment of the present application, ethanol: ethyl acetate = 4:1 is used for extraction, and the pest control effect of the ginger extract is obviously better than that of the ethanol extract or the ethyl acetate extract alone.

[0019] The "extracts can be obtained by co-extracting two or more plants in the Zingiberaceae family" in the present application means that two or more plants in the Zingiberaceae family are extracted at the same time in the same container and solvent. For example, ginger and Alpinia oxyphylla are simultaneously placed in a container for extraction.

[0020] After extraction, other conventional preparation steps are also included, such as filtration, concentration, centrifugation, drying, evaporation, and the like. In order to facilitate storage, transportation and use, the solvent extract other than volatile oil can be dried after extraction by removing the solvent. The method for removing the solvent includes but is not limited to atmospheric evaporation, reduced pressure evaporation, thin film evaporation, natural volatilization, and the like.

[0021] In order to extract as many bioactive components as possible from the plants in the Zingiberaceae family, the raw materials of the plants in the Zingiberaceae family can be crushed.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of solvent added to the raw material of Zingiberaceae during extraction is the "liquid-to-material ratio", which is generally selected to be 4-60:1 (mL / g, L / Kg, etc.), for example, it can be 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, 29:1, 30:1, 31:1, 32:1, 33:1, 34:1, 35:1, 36:1, 37:1, 38:1, 39:1, 40:1, 42:1, 43:1, 44:1, 45:1, 46:1, 47:1, 48:1, 49:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1, etc.

[0023] The "liquid-to-material ratio" is the ratio of the raw material of Zingiberaceae to the solvent, which is the reciprocal of the "liquid-to-material ratio".

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, during heating extraction, heating extraction or heating reflux can be used, and the extraction temperature includes but is not limited to 20-95℃, for example, it can be 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, 55℃, 60℃, 65℃, 70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 85℃, 90℃, 95℃, etc.

[0025] The extraction times are selected according to the requirements, and generally selected to be 1-4 times, among which 2 or 3 times are commonly selected.

[0026] In addition, the extraction conditions of the conventional extraction methods such as ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, supercritical extraction, etc. in the present application can be obtained by conventional adjustment.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the extraction process of ginger rhizome is carried out at a liquid-to-material ratio of 1:20-60, for 1-4 hours, and 1-3 times.

[0028] In the present application, volatile oil is selected by conventional extraction methods, mainly including steam distillation, extraction, adsorption, etc. (see "Extraction Technology of Plant Natural Products", Chemical Industry Press, 2022.7, pp.100-110).

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the volatile oil of Alpinia officinarum rhizome is prepared by steam distillation, the liquid-to-material ratio is 1:15-25, the distillation time is more than 5 hours, and the concentration of sodium chloride in water is 2-4%. The concentration of sodium chloride is generally selected as the mass percentage, for example, 100 mL of water contains 2-4 g of sodium chloride.

[0030] The ginger family plant extract can be used as the only active raw material, or can be used in combination with other insecticides, miticides, fungicides, including but not limited to natural plant extracts, artificial synthesis and the like.

[0031] Based on the synergistic pest control activity of the combination of raw ginger and zedoary, the application further provides a pesticide composition, which comprises a mixture of raw ginger rhizome extract and zedoary rhizome extract in a ratio of 1-9:9-1, wherein the raw ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting raw ginger rhizome with ethanol: ethyl acetate = 1-4:1; and the zedoary rhizome extract is zedoary rhizome volatile oil.

[0032] The ethanol: ethyl acetate can be 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, etc.

[0033] Further, the mixture of raw ginger rhizome extract and zedoary rhizome extract is in a ratio of 7-9:3:1.

[0034] Preferably, the mixture of raw ginger rhizome extract and zedoary rhizome extract is in a ratio of 7:3. Experimental studies have shown that the mixture in this ratio can significantly improve the pest control effect of raw ginger and zedoary extract, and the two can produce a synergistic effect in a specific ratio.

[0035] In the application, the ratio between the extracts is generally selected as the mass ratio.

[0036] In the application, in addition to the volatile oil, other solvent extracts can be dried products after removing the solvent, or products containing a certain amount of solvent.

[0037] When mixing raw ginger rhizome extract and zedoary rhizome extract in proportion, the amount of other extracts except volatile oil is calculated based on the dry product, but this does not mean that all solvent extracts in the application can only use dry products after removing the solvent. The application believes that extracts containing solvent can also be used for mixing. After calculating the dry product content in the extract containing solvent, the extracts can be mixed in proportion. For example, the ethanol: ethyl acetate 4:1 extract of raw ginger rhizome without removing the solvent, when not completely concentrated and dried, the solvent accounts for 80%. If it is desired to mix raw ginger rhizome extract (dry product after removing the solvent) and zedoary rhizome volatile oil in a ratio of 7:3, then the raw ginger rhizome extract without removing the solvent and the zedoary rhizome volatile oil should be mixed in a ratio of 35:3.

[0038] In the extraction process of raw ginger rhizome, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:20-60, the extraction time is 1-4h, and the extraction times is 1-3 times; the zedoary rhizome volatile oil is prepared by steam distillation method, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:15-25, the distillation time is more than 5h, and the concentration of sodium chloride in water is 2-4%.

[0039] In some embodiments of the detailed description, the total amount of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract in the composition is 0.1-100%, including any amount therebetween, such as, for example, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%, or 99%.

[0040] In addition to the mixture, one or more than two of alpha-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite can also be included in the composition. Studies have found that these compounds, when compounded with the mixture, can also improve pest control effect and produce a synergistic effect.

[0041] For example, the mixture: alpha-curcumene = 1:2-8; the mixture: 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone = 1:2-8; the mixture: 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite = 1:2-8.

[0042] In this application, the ginger is derived from the ginger plant Zingiber officinale Rosc.; the galangal is derived from the ginger plant Kaempferia galanga L.

[0043] The extraction method of the present application can refer to the reports of prior art, for example:

[0044] (1) Zhang Dongmei, Yuan Ting. Process research on extraction of volatile oil from ginger by steam distillation method [J]. Agricultural technology and equipment, 2023, (02): 27-28+32.

[0045] (2) Liu Jiangwei, Ye Fei. Process research on extraction of ginger essential oil by steam distillation method [J]. Modern agricultural research, 2018 (04)

[0046] (3) Sun Jia-yi. Research progress of extraction and development and utilization of ginger essential oil [J]. Shandong Chemical Industry, 2019 (24)

[0047] (4) Yang Shiwei. Extraction of ginger volatile oil by supercritical CO2 and microencapsulation process research [D]. Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 2015.

[0048] (5) Chen Qi. Research on Microwave-assisted Steam Distillation Extraction of Volatile Oil from Alpinia Officinarum Hance [J]. Chemical Industry Management, 2015, (12): 2-3.

[0049] (6) Liu Xue-mei, Liang Jian-qin, Lu Bin, et al. Study on the Chemical Components of Volatile Oil from Fresh and Dry Alpinia Officinarum Hance by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction [J]. Times Journal of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, 2008, (08): 2007-2009.

[0050] (7) Ling Yu-zhao. Study on the Extraction of Alpinia Officinarum Hance Oil by Steam Distillation [J]. China Condiment, 2005, (08): 28-31.

[0051] (8) Chen Qing-sheng, He Jing-yu, Meng Xiao, et al. Anti-hair loss and anti-dandruff effects of active extracts from three Zingiberaceae plants [J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2021, 48(22): 70-72+69.

[0052] (9) Wu Cun-bing, Shao Bo-jin, Wu Jun-yan, et al. Optimization of Ethanol Extraction Process of Ginger Flavonoids and Its Stability [J]. South China Journal of Agriculture, 2020, 51(11): 2798-2807.

[0053] (10) Rao Jiarui, Zhang Xin, Yu Yongxiu. Extraction of Ginger Natural Products and Its Indoor Toxicity Intensity on Tea Leaf Spot Disease [J]. Agricultural Technology Service, 2021, 38(08): 31-34+38.

[0054] (11) Zhou Yeyen. Microwave Extraction Process and Application Technology of Spices [D]. Guangzhou University, 2011.

[0055] (12) Wu Xiaofei. Inhibition of Alpinia Officinarum Hance Extract on Dominant Spoilage Bacteria in Poultry Products [D]. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 2020. DOI: 10.27264 / d.cnki.gqdhc.2020.000896.

[0056] (13) Ping Xueli. Extraction and Identification of Kaempferia Galanga L. Active Ingredients and Their Application in Composite Film [D]. Chongqing Technology and Business University, 2022. DOI: 10.27713 / d.cnki.gcqgs.2022.000750.

[0057] In the application described in the application, the Zingiberaceae plant extract can be used directly as a single agent.

[0058] The insecticidal composition described in the application can also be used directly as a single agent.

[0059] The "single agent" described in the application refers to a product that only uses Zingiberaceae plant extract as the only ingredient without adding other auxiliary materials.

[0060] To make the product more stable, convenient for transportation and storage, the Zingiberaceae plant extract can be prepared into a corresponding dosage form together with excipients. The excipients can be conventional excipients in the art, for example, surfactants, solvents, and the like.

[0061] Suitable surfactants can be selected by one skilled in the art depending on the actual use requirements. Examples of surfactants that can be used in some embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated castor oil, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponin, ethoxylated alcohol, ethoxylated fatty ester, alkoxylated glycol, ethoxylated fatty acid, carboxylated alcohol, carboxylic acid, fatty acid, ethoxylated alkyl phenol, fatty ester, sodium lauryl sulfate, other fatty acid-based surfactants, other natural or synthetic surfactants, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant. In some embodiments, the surfactant is an ionic surfactant. The selection of appropriate surfactants depends on the relevant application and use conditions, and appropriate surfactants are known to one skilled in the art.

[0062] In the present application, the dosage form includes, but is not limited to, emulsifiable concentrate, soluble powder, soluble granule, solution, dispersible liquid, emulsion, microemulsion, microcapsule suspension, seed treatment liquid, aerosol, and the like.

[0063] Emulsifiable concentrate is a kind of pesticide preparation, which is a liquid prepared by dissolving a high concentration of active ingredient in a solvent and adding an emulsifier. It is generally diluted into a stable emulsion with a large amount of water and then spread with a sprayer, or it can be used for low-volume spraying to ultra-low volume spraying. It can be used directly or diluted with water before spraying.

[0064] Wettable powder is a very fine dry agent obtained by mixing and crushing the raw drug, fillers, surfactants, and other additives.

[0065] Suspension concentrate refers to a preparation in which solid raw drugs are uniformly dispersed in water in the form of particles smaller than 4 microns. The international code is SC, the particle size is generally 0.1-3 μm, and the suspension rate is high. Suspension concentrates are divided into water-suspended concentrates and oil-suspended concentrates. Water-suspended concentrates use water as the suspension medium, and oil-suspended concentrates use oil as the suspension medium and do not contain water. Commonly used oils are vegetable oils such as corn oil and rapeseed oil. Suspension concentrates can be completely free of organic solvents and are good dosage forms for processing solid raw drugs. Suspension concentrates are a mixture of solid powders and liquids suspended in water, which need to be shaken before use and then diluted with water before spraying. Suspension concentrates are easy to carry and dilute, can be uniformly sprayed, and have good adhesion and persistence.

[0066] Powder refers to raw drug powder or powder prepared by adding a diluent. It can be directly sprayed with a simple duster, has high work efficiency, small adhesion to crops, small residual amount, and is not easy to cause drug damage.

[0067] Granules, i.e., granular formulations, are a solid dosage form obtained by granulating the raw material with carriers, adhesives, dispersants, wetting agents, stabilizers, and other auxiliary agents. The performance requirements of granular formulations mainly include fineness, uniformity, storage stability, hardness, and disintegration. Granular formulations are the largest in particle size among solid dosage forms, with a diameter of 300-1700 um, and have the advantages of simple use, small outward diffusion, and long-lasting efficacy.

[0068] Aqueous formulations are solutions of raw materials, in which the drug is uniformly dispersed in the form of ions or molecules in water. The concentration of the drug depends on the water solubility of the raw material, which is generally the maximum solubility. When used, the aqueous formulation is diluted with water.

[0069] During use, an odor masking agent can also be added. In some embodiments, the odor masking agent is vanilla essence, wintergreen oil, spearmint oil, clove oil, lemon grass oil, and / or combinations thereof.

[0070] During use, an odor neutralizing agent can also be added. In some embodiments, the odor neutralizing agent can be an odor absorbing material, such as zeolite and / or other natural or synthetic odor absorbing materials.

[0071] Mother liquor or mother powder is a semi-finished product processed from raw materials, which needs to be further processed to prepare a final product.

[0072] In this application, the extract of Zingiberaceae plants is formulated into a liquid dosage form for use in controlling mites or thrips. The concentration of the extract of Zingiberaceae plants in the liquid dosage form can be selected according to actual needs.

[0073] In some specific embodiments of the application, the composition also includes a solvent; the total concentration of ginger rhizome extract and alpinia officinarum rhizome extract is above 0.1 mg / mL. The total concentration refers to the concentration of the mixture of ginger rhizome extract and alpinia officinarum rhizome extract in the composition.

[0074] Further, the total concentration of the ginger rhizome extract and the zedoary rhizome extract is 0.1-1000 mg / mL, which can also be 0.1-500 mg / mL, 0.1-200 mg / mL, 0.1-100 mg / mL, 0.1-50 mg / mL, 1-500 mg / mL, 1-200 mg / mL, 1-100 mg / mL, 1-50 mg / mL, 1-10 mg / mL, 1-5 mg / mL, 2-200 mg / mL, 2-100 mg / mL, 2-50 mg / mL, 2-10 mg / mL, 3-200 mg / mL, 3-100 mg / mL, 3-50 mg / mL, 3-10 mg / mL, 4-200 mg / mL, 4-100 mg / mL, 4-50 mg / mL, 4-10 mg / mL. Specifically, the concentration can be selected from, but not limited to, 0.1 mg / mL, 0.2 mg / mL, 0.3 mg / mL, 0.4 mg / mL, 0.5 mg / mL, 0.6 mg / mL, 0.7 mg / mL, 0.8 mg / mL, 0.9 mg / mL, 1 mg / mL, 1.1 mg / mL, 1.2 mg / mL, 1.3 mg / mL, 1.4 mg / mL, 1.5 mg / mL, 1.6 mg / mL, 1.7 mg / mL, 1.8 mg / mL, 1.9 mg / mL, 2.0 mg / mL, 2.5 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 3.5 mg / mL, 4 mg / mL, 4.5 mg / mL, 5 mg / mL, 5.5 mg / mL, 6 mg / mL, 6.5 mg / mL, 7 mg / mL, 7.5 mg / mL, 8 mg / mL, 8.5 mg / mL, 9 mg / mL, 9.5 mg / mL, 10 mg / mL, 11 mg / mL, 12 mg / mL, 13 mg / mL, 14 mg / mL, 15 mg / mL, 20 mg / mL, 25 mg / mL, 30 mg / mL, 35 mg / mL, 40 mg / mL, 45 mg / mL, 50 mg / mL, 100 mg / mL, and the like.

[0075] In some embodiments, the solvent can also be selected from water, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, esters, or carboxylic acids, and can include non-aryl ketones, non-aryl alcohols, non-aryl aldehydes, non-aryl esters, non-aryl carboxylic acids, aryl alcohols, aryl-alkyl alcohols, aryl aldehydes, aryl-alkyl ketones, aryl-aryl ketones, aryl carboxylic acids, aryl-alkyl esters, aryl-aryl esters, aryl-alkyl ethers, aryl-aryl ethers, and / or combinations thereof.

[0076] In some embodiments, the solvent, including ethanol, isopropanol, benzyl alcohol, acetone, phenylacetone, water, citric acid, lactic acid, glycerol, castor oil, benzoic acid, carbonic acid, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated amides, glycerol esters, butanol, 1-propanol, hexanol, other alcohols, dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol, and the like.

[0077] The present application also provides a method for killing and / or controlling pests, and / or repelling pests, and / or preventing or reducing pest egg laying, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs, which comprises exposing the pests and / or pest eggs to the above-mentioned pesticidal composition.

[0078] In the above method, the application concentration of the insecticidal composition, calculated as a mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract (dry product), can be 0.1-1000 mg / mL, or can be 0.1-500 mg / mL, 0.1-200 mg / mL, 0.1-100 mg / mL, 0.1-50 mg / mL, 1-500 mg / mL, 1-200 mg / mL, 1-100 mg / mL, 1-50 mg / mL, 1-10 mg / mL, 1-5 mg / mL, 2-200 mg / mL, 2-100 mg / mL, 2-50 mg / mL, 2-10 mg / mL, 3-200 mg / mL, 3-100 mg / mL, 3-50 mg / mL, 3-10 mg / mL, 4-200 mg / mL, 4-100 mg / mL, 4-50 mg / mL, 4-10 mg / mL. Specific options include but are not limited to: 0.1 mg / mL, 0.2 mg / mL, 0.3 mg / mL, 0.4 mg / mL, 0.5 mg / mL, 0.6 mg / mL, 0.7 mg / mL, 0.8 mg / mL, 0.9 mg / mL, 1 mg / mL, 1.1 mg / mL, 1.2 mg / mL, 1.3 mg / mL, 1.4 mg / mL, 1.5 mg / mL, 1.6 mg / mL, 1.7 mg / mL, 1.8 mg / mL, 1.9 mg / mL, 2.0 mg / mL, 2.5 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 3.5 mg / mL. L, 4mg / mL, 4.5mg / mL, 5mg / mL, 5.5mg / mL, 6mg / mL, 6.5mg / mL, 7mg / mL, 7.5mg / mL, 8mg / mL, 8.5mg / mL, 9mg / mL, 9.5mg / mL, 10mg / mL, 11mg / mL, 12mg / mL, 13mg / mL, 14mg / mL, 15mg / mL, 20mg / mL, 25mg / mL, 30mg / mL, 35mg / mL, 40mg / mL, 45mg / mL, 50mg / mL, 100mg / mL, etc.

[0079] The insecticidal composition can further comprise other products in addition to the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the alpinia galanga rhizome extract, including but not limited to one or more other insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, or fertilizers, and compounds that have the same functions but have not been commercialized, and the like, thereby producing additional advantages and effects. For example, the other insecticides can be flupyradifurone, deltamethrin, ethiprole, tetraniliprole, imidacloprid, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, cyantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, cis-cypermethrin, broflanvalerate, ethoxyquin, lambda-cyhalothrin, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, hydroprene, abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, bifenthrin, bromopropylate, fluensulfene, spinetoram, sulfoxaflor, methyopyrimifos, indoxacarb, dinotefuran, disulfoton, hydramethylnon, permethrin, flufenoxuron, and flufenprox.

[0080] The application concentration of the other products can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, if a- zingiberene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, or 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2- yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite is also needed to be added, the amount of the other products is as follows, based on the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the alpinia galanga rhizome extract: mixture: a-zingiberene = 1:2-8; mixture: 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone = 1:2-8; mixture: 1-(2,4- dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite = 1:2-8.

[0081] As used herein, "comprising" or "including" is to be interpreted in its broadest sense as open- ended, that is, it means that there are additional features, elements, steps, or components that are not specified, but that are still within the scope of the present application.

[0082] As used herein, the term "pest" refers to an organism that adversely affects a host (e.g., a plant or an animal such as a mammal) by parasitizing, damaging, attacking, competing with them for nutrients, or infecting them.

[0083] In the absence of specific limitations, pests include arthropods (including insects and arachnids), and include piercing and sucking pests (e.g., bed bugs, mites, ticks, ants, lice, cockroaches, thrips, and the like).

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, the pests are selected from one or more of the following: Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Tetranychus, Tenuipalpidae, Psoralea, Tarsonemidae, Pyreniformes, Leaf-clawed Mites, Carnivorous Mites, Sarcoptera, Acaridae, and Dust Mites.

[0085] The "Thysanoptera" mentioned above belongs to the class Insecta, and the insects of this order are commonly known as "thrips". Thrips are divided into the suborder Cone (Saw) Tailed Thrips and the suborder Tube (Saw) Tailed Thrips. The suborder Cone (Saw) Tailed Thrips includes: the superfamily Thripoidea (Thripsidae, Thripidae, Thripidae, Thripidae, Thripidae), the superfamily Thripoidea (Thripidae), the superfamily Thripoidea (Heterothripidae, Hemithripidae, Heterothripidae, Thripidae, Thripidae); among them, the Thripidae is the largest and most important family in this order, with 33 genera and about 200 species known in this family, such as: flower thrips, tobacco thrips (cotton thrips), bean thrips, rice thrips, yellow-breasted thrips, palm thrips, western flower thrips, melon thrips, loquat thrips, sugarcane thrips, grass thrips, tea yellow hard thrips, greenhouse thrips, tea yellow thrips, six-spotted thrips, etc., which are all common species in my country. The suborder Siphonothrips includes the superfamily Siphonothrips (Ankylothrips, Conothrips, Mylothrips, Siphonothrips, Digitthrips, Millithrips, Thripidae, and Macrothrips) and the superfamily Caudal Thripoides (Caudal Thripoides). The parentheses after the superfamily indicate the subfamilies within the superfamily. Similarly, all references to the superfamily below will be expressed in this manner.

[0086] The "Hemiptera" mentioned above belongs to the class Insecta. Hemiptera is divided into the suborders Cephalochorhynchidae and Sternorhynchidae. Cephalochorhynchidae includes the superorders Cicadoidea (Cidgeidae, Cercopidae, Cercopidae, Cercopidae, Cicadidae) and the superorders Cicadoidea (Ant-Cercopidae, Delphacidae, Cicadidae, Color-Cercopidae, Nymphoidae, Nymphoidae, Grain-Veined Cicadidae, Elephant-Cercopidae, Gum-Cercopidae, Flat-Cercopidae, Sleeve-Cercopidae, Lump-Cercopidae, Goose-Cercopidae, Moth-Cercopidae, and Broad-Winged Cicadidae). The suborder Sternorhynchidae includes the superorders Psylloidea (Psyllidae), the superorder Whitefly (Aleyroidea), the superorder Aphidoidea (Aphididae, Phylloxera, Aphididae, Aphididae), and the superorder Coccoidea (Coccoidea, Coccoidea, Gum-Cercopidae, Red-Cercopidae, Carmine-Cercopidae, Mealycocidae, Chain-Cercopidae, Coccoidea, and Shield-Cercopidae).

[0087] The "Lepidoptera" order, belonging to the class Insecta, has a wide distribution range, with the highest abundance of species in the tropics. The vast majority of these larvae harm a wide range of cultivated plants, with larger ones often devouring leaves or boring into branches. Lepidoptera includes the suborders Zygoptera (Microptera), Monotremes (Hypomorphidae, Heteromorpha, Micromorpha, and Perforatoroidea), and Dipyrimorpha (Granuloidea, Gnaphal ...

[0088] The “mites” mentioned in this application mainly include agricultural pest mites, most of which belong to the families Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae, Eriophyidae, Tarsonemidae, Pyemotidae, Penthaleidae and Cheyetidae of the class Acachnida.

[0089] The Tetranychus family is divided into the genera Micrognathus (such as: white bark pine micrognathus, larch micrognathus, carmine micrognathus, etc.), the genus Tetranychus (such as: white micrognathus, white wax micrognathus, camellia micrognathus, etc.), the genus Tetranychus (such as: cabbage spider mite, bean spider mite, two-spotted spider mite, cinnabar spider mite), the genus Splitnail (such as: citrus splitnail, bamboo splitnail, long splitnail, etc.), the genus Syngnathus (such as: fig syngnathus, citrus syngnathus, Jiuli Fragrant Synonychus, etc.), Panonychus (such as: Citrus Panonychus, Carsonii Panonychus, Apple Panonychus, etc.), Heteronychus (such as: Bamboo Heteronychus, Wuyi Heteronychus), Elk Mite (such as: Bamboo Elk Mite, Nanjing Elk Mite), Monoonychus (such as: Georgia Monoonychus), Spiny Nymph (such as: Spiky Nymph), Diplodocus (such as: Hawthorn Diplodocus), Tetranychus (such as Willow Tetranychus), Xin Tetranychus ( Such as: Huangshan Xin spider mite), Cloud claw mite (such as: Dali cloud claw mite), New spider mite (such as: Bauhinia new spider mite), Broad spider mite (such as: Licorice broad spider mite, Wuyishan broad spider mite), Decaphodon (such as: Guizhu Decaphodon, Bamboo Decaphodon), True spider mite (such as: Oriental true spider mite, Xi'an true spider mite), Protognathus (such as: Bager Protognathus), Pseudo-broad spider mite (such as: Japanese Pseudo-broad spider mite), Pseudo-fine mites (such as: Spear-thin mites, Jujube Pseudo-fine mites), Moss mites (such as: Northern moss mites, Peak-thin moss mites), Chinese moss mites (such as: Chinese Chinese moss mites), Rock moss mites (such as: Xinjiang rock mite, giant rock mite, etc.), Pseudo-tetranychus (such as: Hairy Pseudo-tetranychus, Spiraea Pseudo-tetranychus, etc.), Single-headed spider mite (such as: Salt-alkali single-headed mite), Middle moss mites (such as: Potter's Middle moss mite), Long moss mites (Altai long moss mite).

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the pests are selected from flower thrips, tobacco thrips, bean thrips, rice thrips, yellow-breasted thrips, palm thrips, western flower thrips, melon thrips, loquat thrips, sugarcane thrips, grass thrips, tea yellow hard thrips, greenhouse thrips, tea yellow thrips, six-spotted thrips, rice leaf rollers, beet armyworms, leafworms, peach borers, cotton bollworms, diamondback moths, melon borers, bean pod borers, whiteflies, greenhouse whiteflies, black spiny whiteflies, citrus whiteflies. , mulberry whitefly, rice whitefly, spiral whitefly, whitebark pine clawed mite, larch clawed mite, carmine clawed mite, white spider mite, ash spider mite, camellia spider mite, cabbage spider mite, bean spider mite, two-spotted spider mite, cinnabar spider mite, citrus split clawed mite, bamboo split clawed mite, long split clawed mite, fig synonychus mite, citrus synonychus mite, citrus panonychus mite, Carson's panonychus mite, bamboo heteroonychus mite, Wuyi heteroonychus mite, bamboo-eating elk mite, Georgian monoonychus mite, spiked subonychus mite, hawthorn double-teeth mite.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the pests can also be selected from pear psylla, leafhoppers, leafminers, Chinese lacewings, red imported fire ants, termites, borer, mosquitoes, flies, flies, fleas, etc.

[0092] The term "insecticide" as used herein refers to killing and / or controlling pests.

[0093] As used herein, "control" refers to any killing, growth regulating, or pestistatic (inhibiting or interfering with the normal life cycle of a pest) activity against a pest, including, for example, sterilizing activity that prevents the production of eggs or sperm, causes sperm or egg death, or causes severe damage to genetic material. Additional activities intended to be encompassed within the scope of the term "control" include preventing larvae from developing into mature offspring, regulating the emergence of pests from eggs (including preventing hatching), degrading egg material, suffocating, reducing gut motility, inhibiting chitin formation, disrupting mating or sexual communication, and preventing feeding (antifeedant) activity.

[0094] The "repellent" or "repellent" described in this application means hindering pests from landing or climbing onto the surface to which the Zingiberaceae plant extract or insecticidal composition has been applied or introduced, and / or promoting pests to leave the surface to which the Zingiberaceae plant extract or insecticidal composition has been applied or introduced.

[0095] As used herein, a "surface" or "target surface" includes a surface to which a pesticide is applied or to which a pesticide is to be applied. Such surfaces may include, for example, surfaces where pests may come into contact with or be exposed to the applied pesticide, lay their eggs, and / or surfaces that have been or are suspected of being infested by pests.

[0096] As used in this application, "preventing egg laying" refers to preventing pests from laying eggs, and / or reducing the number of eggs typically laid by pests.

[0097] As used herein, "preventing hatching" means preventing or delaying the hatching of larvae from eggs.

[0098] As used herein, "pesticide" means an agent that can be used to control and / or kill pests.

[0099] In some embodiments, the method of using any of the compositions described herein includes direct application, dilution with a suitable carrier for spray delivery in a ready-to-use form, or in a concentrated form to be diluted and applied.

[0100] In some embodiments, the amount of the extract or the combination of extracts (pesticidal composition) used herein to achieve the desired effect varies depending on various factors, such as the type of crop to be protected, the type of pest, the degree of infestation, the method of application, the environment of application, the form of application, and the like.

[0101] In some embodiments, the amount of the extract or the combination of extracts (pesticidal composition) used herein to achieve the desired effect varies depending on various factors, such as the type of crop to be protected, the type of pest, the degree of infestation, the method of application, the environment of application, the form of application, and the like.

[0102] In some embodiments, the amount of the extract or the combination of extracts (pesticidal composition) used herein to achieve the desired effect varies depending on various factors, such as the type of crop to be protected, the type of pest, the degree of infestation, the method of application, the environment of application, the form of application, and the like.

[0103] The benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:

[0104] (1) The extract of Zingiberaceae plants (ginger, Alpinia oxyphylla) was first discovered to have excellent anti-pest activity against agricultural pests such as spider mites and thrips.

[0105] (2) The extraction process was optimized to increase the pesticidal, ovicidal, and repellent activity of the extract of Zingiberaceae plants.

[0106] (3) The synergistic effect of different mixtures of extracts of Zingiberaceae plants was discovered. Specifically, first, the extract of ginger rhizomes in a mixture of ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents has significantly improved control effect compared to the extract in a single solvent. Second, the mixture of the extract of ginger rhizomes in ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla has significantly improved control effect and also exhibits synergistic effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0107] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Of course, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that, if there are no processes described in detail below, they can be implemented or understood by those skilled in the art according to the prior art. If the reagents or instruments used are not marked with the manufacturer, they are considered to be conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0108] When a numerical range is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the embodiments of the present application. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can independently be defined as a smaller numerical range, and it will be understood that every range that falls within the broader range is intended to be encompassed in the embodiments of the present application, subject to any explicitly excluded limit.

[0109] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the present application, the preferred methods and materials are described in order to avoid unnecessarily complicating the disclosure.

[0110] In the specific embodiments of the present application, the ginger used is collected from the field, and the sand ginger is purchased from commercially available products.

[0111] The ginger extract, ginger volatile oil, sand ginger extract and sand ginger volatile oil described in the present application can be obtained by purchasing commercially available products or prepared by conventional extraction methods. The extraction methods in the following embodiments of the present application are only used as reference for the preparation of raw materials in the experiments, and should not be understood as a limitation on the way of obtaining the raw materials.

[0112] In the specific embodiments of the present application, other raw materials not marked with the preparation method can be obtained by purchasing commercially available products or prepared by the method.

[0113] Example 1

[0114]

Preparation method of extract for experiment

[0115] Take the whole grass, root stem powder of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and the whole grass, root stem powder of Alpinia officinarum Hance, respectively, add one of water, ethanol (anhydrous ethanol), ethyl acetate, and methanol as a solvent, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, ultrasonic extraction for 1 h, extract twice, combine the two extraction liquids, and reduce pressure to concentrate to dryness, to obtain Zingiber officinale Roscoe whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract), and Alpinia officinarum Hance whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract).

[0116] Take the whole grass, root stem powder of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and the whole grass, root stem powder of Alpinia officinarum Hance, respectively, add one of water, ethanol (anhydrous ethanol), ethyl acetate, and methanol as a solvent, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, ultrasonic extraction for 1 h, extract twice, combine the two extraction liquids, and reduce pressure to concentrate to dryness, to obtain Zingiber officinale Roscoe whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract), and Alpinia officinarum Hance whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract).

[0117] Take the whole grass, root stem powder of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and the whole grass, root stem powder of Alpinia officinarum Hance, respectively, add one of water, ethanol (anhydrous ethanol), ethyl acetate, and methanol as a solvent, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, ultrasonic extraction for 1 h, extract twice, combine the two extraction liquids, and reduce pressure to concentrate to dryness, to obtain Zingiber officinale Roscoe whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract), and Alpinia officinarum Hance whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract).

[0118] Take the whole grass, root stem powder of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and the whole grass, root stem powder of Alpinia officinarum Hance, respectively, add one of water, ethanol (anhydrous ethanol), ethyl acetate, and methanol as a solvent, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, ultrasonic extraction for 1 h, extract twice, combine the two extraction liquids, and reduce pressure to concentrate to dryness, to obtain Zingiber officinale Roscoe whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract), and Alpinia officinarum Hance whole grass extract (water extract, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract).

[0119] The "whole grass" refers to the aboveground part of a plant.

[0120] Activity of indoor growth of the mite (taking Tetranychus cinnabarinus as an example)

[0121] 4 centimetres of double-sided tape are adhered to one end of a slide, and the cinnabarinus mites are gently picked up with a small writing brush and their backs are gently adhered to the tape. Be careful not to stick to the mite foot, antennae and mouthparts. Every slide is at least adhered to more than 30, arranged neatly, and then placed in a clean culture dish, wherein put into filter paper, keep the filter paper moist, and cover the dish lid. After 2 hours, observe each insect under a stereomicroscope, if any death, remove and cross out, and the quantity of less than 30 needs to be supplemented. By testing the medicament (when the application medicament is used, use an amount of absolute ethanol to prepare, as 10%, surfactant such as castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 5%, sterile water is supplemented; the solvent control is that the components such as the medicament solvent to be tested, surfactant are constant, and the sample to be tested is only changed to the sterile water of same weight), guarantee to be evenly dispersed in water. Prepare the solution according to the experimental concentration (Table 1). Then, dip one end of a glass slide bearing healthy spider mites into the prepared solution and gently shake the slide. After immersion for 5 seconds, remove the slide and absorb any excess solution with absorbent paper. Place the slide in the aforementioned petri dish, allow the solution to dry, cover the dish, and incubate at 25°C. (Leaving the slide for a while before microscopic examination after application can reduce experimental error, such as some insects dying naturally after application without the drug's effect.) After 72 hours, count the number of dead spider mites under a stereomicroscope. Gently touch the mites with a small brush; if no reaction occurs, the mites are considered dead. Calculate the control efficacy using the following formula.

[0122] Pest reduction rate (%) = (number of insects in the treatment group before treatment - number of live insects in the treatment group after treatment) / number of insects in the treatment group before treatment × 100. Control effect (%) = (pest reduction rate in the treatment group - pest reduction rate in the control group) / (100 - pest reduction rate in the control group) × 100

[0123]

Indoor testing of mite egg activity (taking Tetranychus cinnabarinus as an example

[0124] Transfer 20 adult female Tetranychus cinnabarinus mites to 2.0 cm diameter broad bean leaf discs (with soaked filter paper at the bottom). Cover the discs with a lid and incubate to maintain moisture. Remove the adult mites within 36 hours, and count the discs containing eggs under a microscope. Before applying the drug, examine and record the number of eggs on each disc. Soak the discs containing mite eggs in clean water for 10 seconds, remove them, and incubate them under moist conditions. Repeat at least three times for each treatment. Incubate the treated eggs and discs under normal conditions. Five days after application, investigate the hatching of the spider mite eggs. Calculate the control efficacy using the following formula.

[0125] Egg hatching rate (%) = number of hatched eggs / total number of processed eggs * 100

[0126] Control effect (%) = (hatching rate of eggs in the control area - hatching rate of eggs in the treatment area) / hatching rate of eggs in the control area) * 100

[0127]

Repellent test (taking thrips as an example)

[0128] Behavioral tests of adult thrips were performed using a "Y" olfactometer. One arm of the "Y" olfactometer was connected to a vial containing the test substance, and the other two arms were connected to vials containing liquid paraffin as a control. The olfactometer was aerated for 5 min to allow the odor to fill the tube. The airflow of the olfactometer was controlled at 200 mL / min, and the indoor temperature was controlled at (25 ± 1) °C and the relative humidity was 60% to 80%. The base arm of the "Y" glass tube was introduced into the thrips that were starved for 5 h. Each test lasted 10 min. If the thrips crawled to more than 1 / 3 of the arm connected to the vial and stayed for more than 30 s, it was recorded as a positive response, i.e., attraction. If the thrips crawled to the other arm, it was recorded as a negative response, i.e., repulsion. If no response was observed within 5 min, it was recorded as no response. Five thrips were tested for each treatment, and the test was repeated three times. The control was tested using liquid paraffin as the odor source. Each thrip was tested only once in the test. The repulsion rate was calculated according to the following formula.

[0129] Repulsion rate (%) = number of repelled thrips / total number of thrips * 100

[0130]

Thrips egg test

[0131] Ten thrips were transferred to a kidney bean leaf disc (2.0 cm in diameter) with a wet filter paper at the bottom, and then the leaf disc was covered with a petri dish with a lid. The thrips were allowed to lay eggs for 24 h, and then the adults were removed. The leaf disc with the eggs was immersed in water for 30 s, and then the leaf disc was cultured in a humid environment. Each treatment was repeated at least three times. The treated leaf disc was cultured under normal conditions. Seven days after treatment, the hatching of thrips larvae was investigated. The control effect was calculated according to the following formula.

[0132] Control effect (%) = ((number of larvae in the control area - number of larvae in the treated area) / number of larvae in the control area) * 100

[0133]

Thrips adult test

[0134] The water culture Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings with only one true leaf were placed beside the thrips grown plants for 24 h, and the adults were ready to be used when they climbed onto the leaves; or the thrips growing healthily were picked up with the end of a wetted brush and transferred to the treated Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings, more than 50 individuals per plant. The number of insects on each treated plant was investigated before the treatment, and the smaller and dead insects were removed to ensure that the size of the insects in each treatment was basically the same and the number was more than 50. The test solution was sprayed on the corresponding test plants with a watering can, and the front and back of the leaves should be evenly sprayed (the amount of solution on the leaves should not be dripping). After the treatment, the test seedlings were cut from the leaf end to the position 10 cm long of the stem, and fixed on a 25 mL plastic cup with wet water culture cotton (a layer of blown plastic paper was placed on the top of the water culture cotton to prevent the insects from falling onto the water culture cotton and affecting the investigation of the test results). Water was added to the cup, and finally the treated test seedlings were placed in a round plastic packaging box, covered with 120 mesh gauze and sealed with a perforated box cover and placed in a 25℃ environment. 48 h after the treatment, the insects were gently touched with a small brush, and those without any reaction were considered dead. The control effect was calculated according to the following formula.

[0135] Insect population reduction rate (%) = number of dead insects after treatment in the treatment group / total number of insects after treatment in the treatment group x 100

[0136] Control effect (%) = (insect population reduction rate in the treatment group - insect population reduction rate in the blank group) / (100 - insect population reduction rate in the blank group) x 100

[0137] Note: 1) The total number of insects after treatment in the treatment group refers to the insect population base number after treatment (the sum of the number of live insects and dead insects), which is not the insect population base number recorded before the treatment (some thrips flew away during the treatment process, resulting in a larger insect population base number before the treatment than the actual insect population base number after the treatment).

[0138] Table 1: Conditions of each treatment

[0139]

[0140] Table 2: Results of indoor bioassay of T. cinnabarinus / thrips adults and egg nests

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Table 3: Results of indoor bioassay of T. cinnabarinus / thrips repellent

[0144]

[0145] From the results of Tables 2 and 3, compared with the thrips adults, the overall effect of the ginger plant extracts on the T. cinnabarinus adults is better, and the ethanol extract of the ginger rhizome has the best effect on the T. cinnabarinus and thrips adults, and the ethanol extract of the Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. rhizome also has a significant insect inhibiting effect, and this phenomenon also exists in the T. cinnabarinus eggs and thrips eggs, and the two extracts are also the most obvious, which shows that the main insect inhibiting and egg inhibiting substances may be mainly in the ethanol extract. In the repellent activity, the activity of the volatile oil is obviously better than that of the extract, which may be because there are more volatile substances in the volatile oil, and the volatile oil of the rhizome of the two ginger plants is better than the volatile oil of the whole plant. In addition, the volatile oil of the Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. rhizome has a significant effect on the thrips adults and the ethanol extract of the ginger rhizome has a significant effect on the thrips.

[0146] Example 2

[0147] The ginger rhizome slices were placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 24h, and then crushed and sieved through a 40 mesh sieve to obtain a coarse powder. 100g of the ginger coarse powder was added to a reflux device, and ethanol, ethyl acetate, or a mixed solvent of ethanol-ethyl acetate (proportion: 1:1, 2:1, 4:1) was added. The heating reflux device was turned on, and the extract was filtered and concentrated to dryness. The solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, and the extraction time was 2 hours, and the extraction was performed twice. The extract was diluted to a lower concentration according to the bioassay method in Example 1, and the T. cinnabarinus adult control activity was observed.

[0148] Table 4 Effect of different solvent ginger extracts at low concentration

[0149]

[0150] According to the results in Table 4, when the concentration of the extract is reduced, the control effect on the pests will be reduced. However, at the same concentration, the extract obtained by using a mixed solvent of ethanol and ethyl acetate has a better control effect on the pests than the extract obtained by using a single solvent. Further, when the proportion of ethanol and ethyl acetate is 4:1, the extract can achieve a control effect of 80% at a concentration of 1mg / mL, which can be considered as a preferred solvent.

[0151] Example 3

[0152]

Ginger solvent extraction method

[0153] The ginger rhizome slices were placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 24h, and then crushed and sieved through a 40 mesh sieve to obtain a coarse powder. 100g of the ginger coarse powder was added to a reflux device, and a mixed solvent of ethanol and ethyl acetate was added. The heating reflux device was turned on, and the extract was filtered and concentrated to dryness to obtain the ginger extract.

[0154] The extraction conditions are as follows: the ratio of material to solvent is 1:40, the extraction time is 2h, the solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:4), and the extraction times is 3 times.

[0155]

Solvent extraction method of Kaempferia galanga

[0156] The root and stem of Kaempferia galanga is sliced, put into a 60℃ oven, dried for 24h, crushed and sieved through a 40 mesh screen to obtain coarse powder. Take 100g of Kaempferia galanga coarse powder, add it to a reflux device, add a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and ethanol, start the heating reflux device, reflux, filter and concentrate to dryness to obtain Kaempferia galanga extract.

[0157] The extraction conditions are as follows: the ratio of material to solvent is 1:20, the extraction time is 4h, the solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:4), and the extraction times is 2 times.

[0158]

Ginger volatile oil extraction method

[0159] The root and stem of Kaempferia galanga is sliced, put into a 60℃ oven, dried for 24h, crushed and sieved through a 40 mesh screen to obtain coarse powder. Take 100g of Kaempferia galanga coarse powder, add it to a reflux device, add a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and ethanol, start the heating reflux device, reflux, filter and concentrate to dryness to obtain Kaempferia galanga extract.

[0160] The extraction conditions are as follows: the ratio of material to solvent is 1:20, the distillation time is 5h, and the amount of sodium chloride is 2%.

[0161]

Ginger volatile oil extraction method

[0162] The root and stem of Kaempferia galanga is sliced, put into a 60℃ oven, dried for 24h, crushed and sieved through a 40 mesh screen to obtain coarse powder. Take 100g of Kaempferia galanga coarse powder, add it to a reflux device, add a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and ethanol, start the heating reflux device, reflux, filter and concentrate to dryness to obtain Kaempferia galanga extract.

[0163] The extraction conditions are as follows: the ratio of material to solvent is 1:20, the distillation time is 5h, and the amount of sodium chloride is 2%.

[0164] Example 4

[0165] Based on the optimal extraction conditions of ginger extract, ginger volatile oil, Kaempferia galanga extract, and Kaempferia galanga volatile oil prepared in Example 3, the corresponding extracts were prepared, and the combination screening experiment of Tetranychus cinnabarinus adult and egg was carried out according to the determination method in Example 1.

[0166] Table 5 Combination screening of four kinds of ginger extracts on Tetranychus cinnabarinus adult activity

[0167]

[0168] From Table 5, it can be seen that the insecticidal activity of the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla is the best when the ratio is 7:3.

[0169] Table 6 Screening of the activity combination of four ginger extracts on T. c. eggs

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] From Table 6, it can be seen that the ovicidal activity of the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla when the ratio is 7:3 and the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla when the ratio is 3:7 is more than 80%, but the acaricidal activity of the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla when the ratio is 3:7 is not particularly outstanding. In summary, the overall activity of the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla when the ratio is 7:3 is the best.

[0173] Example 5

[0174] Based on the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla under the extraction conditions in Example 3, a mixture of ginger and Alpinia oxyphylla was prepared in a ratio of 7:3, and the verification was carried out based on the test method of Example 1, and the results are as follows:

[0175] Table 7 Activity of the mixture of ginger and Alpinia oxyphylla on T. c. adults, T. c. eggs, T. urticae adults and eggs, and P. citri adults

[0176]

[0177] Example 6

[0178] Based on the ginger extract and the volatile oil of Alpinia oxyphylla under the extraction conditions in Example 3, a mixture of ginger and Alpinia oxyphylla was prepared in a ratio of 7:3, and the verification was carried out based on the test method of Example 1, and the results are as follows:

[0179]

Helicoverpa armigera egg test

[0180] Cut the egg mass into small pieces, each containing approximately 60 eggs, and soak the egg-laying paper in the pre-prepared test agent for 10 minutes. After removal, remove the egg-laying paper and remove any excess solution adhering to the egg-laying paper and egg mass with absorbent paper. Each egg mass was placed in a glass test tube (5.0 cm high, 2.5 cm in diameter, the same below) and sealed with plastic paper perforated with an insect pin. The egg mass was then incubated in an artificial climate chamber at (24 ± 1)°C, a relative humidity of (80 ± 10)%, and a photoperiod of L:D = 12:12. When the eggs were about to hatch, castor leaves approximately 3 cm in diameter were added for the hatching larvae to feed on. The number of hatched and unhatched eggs in each egg mass was recorded, and the egg mortality and adjusted mortality were calculated using the formula. Three replicates were used for each treatment. The experimental materials in each treatment group were regularly hydrated and the hatching of the eggs was observed. On the fourth day after treatment, the number of hatched eggs was recorded for each treatment, and the results were recorded in the original record book. The investigation time can be shortened or extended according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the drug.

[0181] Egg hatching rate (%) = number of hatched eggs / total number of processed eggs * 100

[0182] Control effect (%) = (hatching rate of eggs in the control area - hatching rate of eggs in the treatment area) / hatching rate of eggs in the control area) * 100.

[0183] [Spodoptera litura larvae test]

[0184] Cut fresh, clean tobacco leaves and use a circular punch to punch out small, 2.5 cm in diameter discs. Select a group of 12 leaf discs, spread them out, wrap them in gauze, or grasp them directly with tweezers and immerse them in the test solution. Immerse the leaves in the prepared solution for 10 seconds. Remove them and blot any excess solution from the gauze with filter paper. Treat a blank control first, then repeat this process in ascending order of test doses. Change the gauze and absorbent paper between treatments, and clean the tweezers and other tools. Place the dipped leaf discs on filter paper and air dry at 25 ± 1°C. Next, select 15 third-instar Spodoptera litura larvae, wrap them in gauze, and immerse them in the prepared solution for 10 seconds. Remove them and blot any excess solution from the gauze with filter paper. Treat a blank control first, then repeat this process in ascending order of test doses. Repeat this process for at least three treatments. Change the gauze and absorbent paper between treatments, and clean the tweezers and other tools used to remove the insects. When the leaf discs are free of visible water droplets or moisture, place four treated leaf discs and 15 treated Spodoptera litura larvae in a petri dish. Place the dish in a normal temperature of 25±1°C and humidity of 60-80% for observation. Regularly observe the insects' reactions and replenish clean leaves or feed according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the pesticide. Conduct regular surveys 72 hours after drug application, recording the number of dead Spodoptera litura larvae from each treatment. The corresponding criterion for determining insect death is: gently touch the insect with tweezers; no reaction is considered dead. Calculate the control efficacy using the following formula.

[0185] The reduction rate of insect population (%) = (the insect population base number of the treatment group - the number of live insects after treatment) / the total number of insect population after treatment of the treatment group * 100

[0186]

Whitefly egg test

[0187] Cucumber leaves were collected, and a 2 cm diameter circular leaf was punched in the middle of the leaf vein with a puncher. The leaf disc was immersed in the test solution for 10 seconds, then taken out and dried, and then moved into a finger-shaped tube containing 12 g / L water agar (the front of the leaf was facing down). After 24 hours of oviposition, the adults were removed, and the leaf discs with egg masses were moved to a culture dish containing 12 g / L water agar (the front of the leaf was facing down). The number of egg masses was counted under a microscope, and then placed in an illumination incubator [temperature (27±1)℃, humidity (70±5)%, light and dark cycle 16h:8h]. After 5 days, the number of unhatched egg masses was recorded under a microscope, and the egg hatching inhibition rate was calculated. Each treatment had 3 replicates.

[0188] The egg hatching rate (%) = the number of hatched eggs / the total number of treated eggs * 100

[0189] The control effect (%) = (the egg hatching rate of the control area - the egg hatching rate of the treatment area) / the egg hatching rate of the control area) * 100.

[0190]

Whitefly adult test

[0191] A double-barreled glass tube (diameter 3 cm, length 6 cm) was taken, and a layer of opaque black paper was wrapped around the outside, and a layer of parafilm film was covered at one end (the area of the film has been uniformly stretched to 4-5 times the original size). 200 μL of the test solution was taken on the wall of the double-barreled tube, and the double-barreled tube was rotated for one turn until the solution was evenly distributed on the wall. After the solution evaporated, 200 μL of 30% sucrose water was added to the parafilm film on the wall of the container containing the drug, and a layer of parafilm film was covered on top to prevent the feeding solution from evaporating. 30 2-5 day old whitefly adults were placed in the other end of the double-barreled tube, and the end was sealed with water-absorbing paper. Each group had 3 replicates, and was placed in an artificial climate chamber (25±3℃, humidity 60%-70%, light and dark time ratio = 14h:10h). After 48 hours, the number of live insects was checked under a stereomicroscope and recorded.

[0192] The reduction rate of insect population (%) = (the insect population base number of the treatment group - the number of live insects after treatment) / the total number of insect population after treatment of the treatment group * 100

[0193] Table 8 Activity of Zingiber officinale and Alpinia officinarum mixture on Helicoverpa armigera, Bemisia tabaci adults, eggs

[0194]

[0195] From the data of Examples 5 and 6, it can be seen that even using the same insecticide, different control effects can be achieved against different pests. Using the Zingiber officinale and Alpinia officinarum mixture of the present application, very high control effects can be achieved against agricultural mite at a low concentration of 1 mg / mL, while for Helicoverpa armigera, Bemisia tabaci and the like, the control effects are relatively low even at a concentration of 2, 4 mg / mL. Thus, the composition of the present application can be particularly used for controlling agricultural mites.

[0196] Example 7

[0197] A Zingiber officinale and Alpinia officinarum mixture was prepared based on the Zingiber officinale extract under the extraction conditions in Example 3 and the Alpinia officinarum volatile oil in a ratio of 7:3, and a 10% Zingiber officinale and Alpinia officinarum mixture soluble concentrate was prepared according to the following formulation (mass percentage): mixture 10%, ethanol 20%, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 2%, castor oil ethoxylate 2%, triphenyl ethenyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 1%, ethylene glycol 5%, and the rest was made up with water. A field test of Panonychus citri was carried out.

[0198]

Field test of Panonychus citri

[0199] The test was carried out on September 30, 2024 in Dacuo Village, Shouan County, Sichuan Province, and there were 4 treatments in total, with 2 citrus trees for each treatment. After preparing the pesticide according to the test design, the leaves and fruits of the citrus trees in each plot were evenly sprayed, and small water droplets were formed. At the same time, the growth parts such as branches and trunks of the trees should also be ensured to contact the pesticide, and no other insecticides or fungicides should be used during the test period. Before the pesticide was applied, 6 marks were made in each plot, and the initial pest population was counted. If the number of mites in each mark was more than 15, and if the number of mites in each mark was more than 30, the initial pest population was counted. After the pesticide was applied, the number of remaining pests on the leaves was counted each time. The initial pest population was investigated before the pesticide was applied, and the number of remaining pests was investigated at 1, 7 and 10 days after the pesticide was applied, for a total of 3 times.

[0200] Pest population reduction rate (%) = [(treatment area pre-treatment pest population - treatment area post-treatment pest population) / treatment area pre-treatment pest population] * 100 Control effect (%) = (treatment area pest population reduction rate - control area pest population reduction rate) / (1 - control area pest population reduction rate) * 100

[0201] Table 9 Field test of 10% Zingiber officinale and Alpinia officinarum mixture soluble concentrate on Panonychus citri (Sichuan, Pujiang)

[0202]

[0203]

[0204]

[0205] Example 8 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0206] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, an extraction time of 2 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and 2 extraction times.

[0207] Example 9 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0208] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, an extraction time of 4 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and 2 extraction times.

[0209] Example 10 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0210] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, an extraction time of 2 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and 3 extraction times.

[0211] Example 11 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0212] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, an extraction time of 2 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and 3 extraction times.

[0213] Example 12 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0214] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:20, an extraction time of 2 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and 3 extraction times.

[0215] Example 13 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0216] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:60, an extraction time of 2 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:1), and 3 extraction times.

[0217] Example 14 [Ginger, Galangal extraction method]

[0218] Referring to Example 2, ginger rhizomes and / or galangal rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, an extraction time of 2 h, a solvent ratio (ethyl acetate: ethanol = 1:2), and 3 extraction times.

[0219] Example 16 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0220] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 5h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0221] Example 17 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0222] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:60, the distillation time was 5h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0223] Example 18 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0224] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 3h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0225] Example 19 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0226] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 7h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0227] Example 20 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0228] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 5h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 4%.

[0229] Example 21 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0230] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20, the distillation time was 5h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 6%.

[0231] Example 22 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0232] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 3h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0233] Example 22 [Method for extracting volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance]

[0234] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizomes were taken and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 7h, and the amount of sodium chloride was 2%.

[0235] Example 23

Extraction method of volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance

[0236] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizome and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizome was taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 7 h, and the sodium chloride dosage was 4%.

[0237] Example 24

Extraction method of volatile oil from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance

[0238] Referring to Example 3, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizome and / or Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizome was taken, and the extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40, the distillation time was 7 h, and the sodium chloride dosage was 6%.

[0239] Example 25

Analysis of extract components

[0240] The optimal extract combination (Zingiber officinale Roscoe extract and Alpinia officinarum Hance volatile oil = 7:3) of Example 4 was subjected to full scan by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, and comparison was made by using the existing database, and the specific conditions were as follows: a chromatographic column HP-5MS capillary column (30 m x 250 μm x 0.25 μm) was selected; the column temperature was 60 ℃, and the programmed temperature rising was as follows: 60 ℃ was kept for 1 min, 40-120 ℃ was kept for 0 min, 5-310 ℃ was kept for 0 min, and the running was 40.5 min; the injection port temperature was 280 ℃, the auxiliary heater was 280 ℃; there was no split, the ion source temperature was 280 ℃, and the scanning type was MS2 scanning.

[0241] Table 10 GC-MS component analysis of Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance combination extract

[0242]

[0243]

[0244] Note: The compounds in the above table were obtained by comparison and analysis of Agilent NIST MS Search 2.3 search program.

[0245] Example 26

[0246] Based on the Zingiber officinale Roscoe extract and Alpinia officinarum Hance volatile oil in the extraction conditions in Example 3, a Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Alpinia officinarum Hance mixture was prepared in a ratio of 7:3, which was respectively compounded with α-zingiberene, gingerone, α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite (all with a purity of more than 85%) identified in the foregoing examples, and the control effect on Tetranychus cinnabarinus adult mites was investigated based on the test method of Example 1.

[0247] Among them, Bliss proposed the concept of independent combined action and believed that the theoretical mortality rate P when insecticides and acaricides are mixed can be calculated by the following formula:

[0248] P=Pm+Pn(1-Pm)

[0249] Pm is the target mortality rate (%) when the first active ingredient is used at a concentration of m; Pn is the target mortality rate (%) when the second active ingredient is used at a concentration of n.

[0250] If the actual mortality rate of the target after the two active components are mixed at a certain concentration is greater than the theoretical mortality rate P, then it is determined that the two active components have a synergistic effect when mixed at the set concentration, otherwise it is an antagonistic effect.

[0251] Table 10

[0252]

[0253]

[0254] As shown in the table above, α-curcumene, 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone, and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propan-2-yl(2-fluoroethyl)sulfite, when combined with a mixture of ginger and galangal, exhibit a synergistic effect against adult Tetranychus cinnabarinus mites. However, α-gingerene and zingerone do not produce a synergistic effect when combined with a mixture of ginger and galangal.

Claims

1. Use of a ginger plant extract in killing pests and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs; the ginger plant extract is selected from a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and zingiber officinale rhizome extract in a ratio of 9-3:1-7; wherein, The ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting the ginger rhizome with ethanol:ethyl acetate=4:1; the Zingiber officinale rhizome extract is Zingiber officinale rhizome volatile oil; and the pest is selected from Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The ginger plant extract is selected from a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and zingiber officinale rhizome extract in a ratio of 7-3:3-7.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The ginger plant extract is selected from a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and zingiber officinale rhizome extract in a ratio of 3:

7.

4. An insecticidal composition, characterized in that The invention comprises a mixture of ginger rhizome extract and galangal rhizome extract, wherein the ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 9-3:1-7, wherein the ginger rhizome extract is obtained by extracting the ginger rhizome with ethanol:ethyl acetate in a ratio of 4:1; and the galangal rhizome extract is volatile oil from the galangal rhizome.

5. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The ratio of ginger rhizome extract to galangal rhizome extract is 7~3:3~7.

6. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The ratio of ginger rhizome extract to zingiber officinale rhizome extract is 7:

3.

7. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that In the composition, the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the zingiber officinale rhizome extract accounts for 0.1 to 100% of the composition.

8. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The composition further comprises a solvent; the total concentration of the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the zingiber officinale rhizome extract is above 0.1 mg / mL.

9. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The composition further comprises a solvent; the total concentration of the mixture of the ginger rhizome extract and the galangal rhizome extract is 0.1-1000 mg / mL.

10. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The composition, in addition to the mixture, further comprises one or two of α-curcumene and 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone.

11. The insecticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The dosage forms of the composition include soluble powder, soluble granules, soluble solution, dispersible liquid, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, microcapsule suspension, seed treatment liquid and aerosol.

12. A method for killing pests and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of pest eggs, comprising exposing the pests and / or pest eggs to the pesticidal composition according to any one of claims 4 to 11; wherein: The pests are selected from Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

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