A 3D printing modeling snack device based on double materials and three spray heads and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of 3D printing modeling snack device based on double material and three spray head and its application, belong to food processing and equipment manufacturing technical field.Printing platform system is equipped with double material double spray head 3D printing system and single spray head auxiliary gel system;The gas supply system is connected with double material double spray head 3D printing system and single spray head auxiliary gel system respectively by pipeline;The printing platform system is also equipped with conveying system, and conveying system is connected with physical field auxiliary drying system.The present application adopts double material combination gel, double spray head 3D printing, single spray head dehydration and promotes gelation and physical field curing or dry technology, solves single spray head 3D printing nozzle easy to block, double spray head 3D printing easy to collapse, printing efficiency is low and printing product modeling simple and other leisure hawthorn product processing problems, widens 3D printing product application range, provides technical support for special modeling hawthorn snack development.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a 3D printing modeling snack device based on double materials and three spray heads and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of food processing and equipment manufacturing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hawthorn belongs to Rosaceae, and contains rich pectin, dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients, and is widely used in food processing. Hawthorn fruits can be directly eaten, and are also made into leisure foods such as hawthorn strips, hawthorn slices, hawthorn candies and hawthorn pastries. Hawthorn dried products are sweet and sour, have the effects of stimulating appetite and invigorating the spleen, and treating indigestion, and therefore are favored by consumers. Since the pectin content in hawthorn fruits is high, the total sugar content of hawthorn jam food materials for making hawthorn products reaches 65% or more to form a gel structure, which is beneficial to forming and cutting. However, the gel is not conducive to water migration in the drying process of hawthorn products, resulting in problems such as long drying period, high energy consumption, high cost and loss of nutrients. In addition, the traditional mold preparation method also causes the hawthorn dried products to have simple shapes and lack visual impact. In recent years, with the change of people's dietary concept, hawthorn products with the characteristics of health, nutrition, pleasure and individualization have become the development trend of leisure hawthorn snacks. Therefore, the development of leisure hawthorn snacks with the characteristics of low sugar, special shape and high nutrition has become a research hotspot of hawthorn products.

[0003] 3D printing technology is also called rapid prototyping technology or additive manufacturing technology. It mainly controls the complex production process through digital operation to realize the development of personalized products, and has the advantages of high precision, rapidness, low cost and simple operation, and has been widely applied in the fields of machinery, medicine, chemical industry, electronics and aviation. In recent years, 3D printing technology has begun to be applied to the development of personalized food, such as elderly easy-to-swallow food, special-shaped children's leisure food and adult favorite food. However, due to the high water content and poor support of food materials, the products are prone to collapse, low precision and low efficiency during the printing process, which limits the application scene and scale. Some researchers add milk powder, colloid, starch and other auxiliary materials to improve the printability of food materials, but too many auxiliary materials will change the composition of food materials, not only affecting the quality of the products themselves, but also limiting the application scene, which can only be used for fresh food. In addition, the addition of high content of auxiliary materials (colloid) also leads to serious volume shrinkage and increased hardness of the printed products after drying, which makes it difficult to be applied to the processing of leisure dried products.

[0004] At present, the preparation of leisure hawthorn dried products is based on the combined gel mechanism of pectin and sucrose and hot air drying method. The combined gel makes the hawthorn food material have supportability, which is beneficial to shaping and cutting, but also causes the problem of nozzle blockage during printing. At the same time, hot air drying also causes long drying period of hawthorn products and loss of nutritional and functional ingredients. According to the combined gel mechanism of pectin and sucrose, the double-material double-nozzle 3D printing technology is adopted, and the pectin solution and sucrose solution are alternately printed in thin layers and interpenetrated to form a gel, which is an effective method to solve the nozzle blockage problem during the printing process of special-shaped leisure hawthorn snack food materials. In addition, some studies have shown that physical field assisted drying can promote the phase change of food materials or the combined phase change of food materials, improve the gel strength, and become an effective method to improve the structural supportability of food 3D printing. At the same time, it can shorten the drying time and reduce the loss of nutritional and functional ingredients. Therefore, the double-nozzle 3D printing of double-material combined gel combined with physical field assisted drying is an effective method to develop special-shaped leisure hawthorn snacks.

[0005] Hu Qiuhui et al. (Application No: CN202111415144.X) discloses a kind of flammulina velutipes polysaccharide-soy protein gel suitable for 3D printing and its preparation method. The patent takes flammulina velutipes polysaccharide and soy protein as raw materials, and prepares a composite protein gel by mixing and heating to improve the precision of 3D printing. The difference of this patent is that the mechanism of combined gel formation of hawthorn pectin and sucrose is used, and double-material double-nozzle 3D printing and physical field coagulation technology are used to improve the internal structural supportability of the product during printing, thereby improving the printing precision and developing special-shaped leisure hawthorn snacks.

[0006] Feng Lei et al. (Application No: CN202110910768.2) discloses a kind of 3D printing Dioscorea opposita health food and its preparation method. The patent is a microwave drying pretreatment of Dioscorea opposita, and is mixed with hydrophilic colloid, citric acid, etc. to prepare a printable Dioscorea opposita gel, which retains the nutritional ingredients of Dioscorea opposita, but the printed product is suitable for fresh food. The difference of this patent is that the combined gel of double-material double-nozzle printing and physical field assisted drying technology is used to develop special-shaped leisure dried hawthorn snacks.

[0007] Lv Weiqiao et al. (Application No: CN202310503152.2) discloses a kind of food processing device and food 3D printing processing system. The food processing device provided by the patent can freeze the food during the process of food 3D printing and subsequent vacuum dehydration treatment. The difference of this patent is that the combined gel of double-material double-nozzle printing and physical field assisted drying technology is used to improve the internal structural supportability of the printed product while printing the double materials alternately, which is suitable for the preparation of special-shaped hawthorn snacks.

[0008] Guo Chaofan et al. (Application No: CN202211083792.4) disclosed a 3D printing minced meat composition and its preparation method. The invention is used to reduce the loss of fat and juice in the processing of meat products, better maintain the flavor of the product, and is suitable for the preparation of 3D printing fresh products. The difference of this patent is that through the method of alternating printing combined gel with physical field assisted drying technology by double material double nozzle, special shaped leisure dried hawthorn snacks are developed.

[0009] Zheng Bo et al. (Application No: CN202210814604.4) disclosed a processing method for preparing anti-digestion starch by heat treatment and 3D printing. The patent selects lipids and polyphenols as double ligands, and uses heat treatment and 3D printing starch composite. The method is simple and improves product quality. The difference of this patent is that the gel is printed alternately with the physical field assisted drying technology by double material double nozzle, which shortens the drying period, reduces the loss of nutritional ingredients, and speeds up the gelation speed to obtain special shaped hawthorn snacks.

[0010] Zhang Lin et al. (Application No: CN202210004826.X) disclosed a method for synchronous 3D printing of easy-to-swallow stuffed steamed buns suitable for space requirements. The patent is suitable for the production of steamed buns by microwave and food double nozzle 3D printer in microgravity environment, and uses flour and whey protein powder as main raw materials, and adds gellan gum to improve swallowing. The difference of this patent is that the gel is printed alternately with the physical field assisted drying method by double material double nozzle, which improves the structure support and printing efficiency of 3D printing products, and develops special shaped hawthorn snacks.

[0011] Su Xin et al. (Application No: CN202320699533.8) disclosed a 3D food printer with coaxial double nozzle. The patent can print composite structure food containing two different materials at the same time, improve printing efficiency and accuracy, but the structure support of the printed product is poor, easy to collapse, and cannot print special shaped food. The difference of this patent is that the gel is printed alternately with the physical field assisted drying method by double material double nozzle, which improves the structure support of special shaped 3D printed food.

[0012] Hu Yang et al. (Application No: CN202411025106.7) disclosed a 3D food printing method using double nozzle technology to realize double color materials. The patent uses high internal phase emulsion gel containing xanthan gum as a texture modifier to improve the printability and chewable swallowing of pea protein gel, and successfully constructs a beef texture model. The difference of this patent is that no auxiliary colloid is added, the gel is printed alternately by double nozzle double material, the gel is accelerated by coagulation nozzle, the product is accelerated by physical field assisted drying, and special shaped leisure hawthorn snacks are developed.

[0013] Su Hyun Lee et al. used single-nozzle single-axis 3D printing method to study the preparation of fiber food (Food Research International). This study uses surimi food materials and plant food materials and 3D printing method to prepare fiber food, and through cooking post-processing to mature and improve the support. The difference of this patent is that it uses double-material double-nozzle alternating printing and coagulation nozzle method to strengthen the gel in the same path while printing, to improve the structure support of the printed product online, and the post-processing of the printed product uses physical field assisted drying to ensure the rapid dehydration and solidification and drying of the printed product. Therefore, this patent can realize the printing of more complex and special structure products.

[0014] Kong De Mei et al. used double-nozzle 3D printing to study the filling of easy-to-swallow dumplings (Food Research International). By adding different proportions of soluble soybean polysaccharide, the paste and regeneration behavior of waxy rice starch were improved, and the texture of the printed product was improved by adjusting the structure. However, the 3D printed product of this study can only be used for fresh food, and the printed product has a simple shape. The difference of this patent is that it uses double-material double-nozzle alternating printing gel, single-nozzle coagulation and physical field assisted drying method to improve the structure support of 3D printed product, and develops special shape fresh hawthorn and dried hawthorn snacks.

[0015] Zhang Pei Lun et al. used hot melt extrusion double-nozzle 3D printing technology (International Journal of Pharmaceutics) to develop three different shaped sustained-release tablets using coffee as a model compound for sustained-release tablet preparation. The difference of this patent is that it uses pectin and sucrose combined gel mechanism, double-material double-nozzle alternating printing gel and coagulation nozzle and physical field assisted drying method to improve the structure support of the printed product, and the drying temperature of the printed product is low, the loss of nutritional ingredients is small, and it is suitable for the preparation of complex and special shape leisure hawthorn snacks.

[0016] In summary, due to the high water content of fruit materials, the product structure supportability is poor during the 3D printing process, and it is easy to collapse and has low printing precision. Although the addition of auxiliary materials (gel, starch, etc.) can improve the printing characteristics, the application scenario is limited, and only fresh food can be used as the main application, which limits the application of 3D printing technology in the preparation of special-shaped food. The present application utilizes the combined gel formation mechanism of pectin and sucrose, adopts the method of double-material double-nozzle alternative printing and coagulation nozzle, and performs gel strengthening in the same path during the alternative printing of double materials, so as to improve the structure supportability of the printed product online. The post-processing of the printed product adopts physical field assisted drying, which ensures the rapid dehydration and solidification and drying of the printed product, and more complex special structure products can be printed. Therefore, the present application makes up for the defects of 3D printing technology in the preparation of special-shaped food. At present, there is no report on the preparation device of special-shaped hawthorn snack based on double-material combined gel and three-nozzle 3D printing and its application at home and abroad. SUMMARY

[0017] The present application aims to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, and provides a device for 3D printing special-shaped snack based on double materials and three nozzles and its application. The device utilizes the combined gel mechanism of double materials, adopts double-material double-nozzle 3D alternative printing, and performs single-nozzle hot air dehydration coagulation in the same path, so as to improve the structure supportability of the sample in the 3D printing process online. The printing process is rapidly solidified through physical field, so that more complex special-shaped models can be printed. After the printing is completed, the product is rapidly dried through physical field, so that the hawthorn product is further solidified and shaped, and the water content requirement is met. The present application solves the problem of nozzle blockage in the single-nozzle printing process of leisure hawthorn dried product, and realizes the efficient and high-quality creation of special-shaped leisure hawthorn snack products.

[0018] The technical scheme of the present application is a device for 3D printing special-shaped snack based on double materials and three nozzles, which comprises a printing platform system, a double-material double-nozzle 3D printing system, a single-nozzle auxiliary gel system, a gas supply system, a conveying system, a physical field assisted drying system and a control system. The double-material double-nozzle 3D printing system and the single-nozzle auxiliary gel system are arranged in the printing platform system. The gas supply system is connected to the double-material double-nozzle 3D printing system and the single-nozzle auxiliary gel system through pipelines. The conveying system is arranged in the printing platform system and connected to the physical field assisted drying system. The double-material double-nozzle 3D printing system, the single-nozzle auxiliary gel system, the gas supply system, the conveying system and the physical field assisted drying system are controlled by the control system.

[0019] Further, the printing platform system comprises a rack, a printing platform, a printing tray and a nozzle fixing member. The rack is hollow and internally provided with the printing platform, and the printing platform is provided with the printing tray. The nozzle fixing member is arranged in the rack.

[0020] The double-material double-nozzle 3D printing system comprises a base material printing nozzle, an auxiliary material printing nozzle, a pipeline and a reversing valve; the base material printing nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle are assembled at the front end of the nozzle fixing member, and the tail end of the base material printing nozzle and the tail end of the auxiliary material printing nozzle are connected with the gas supply system through the pipeline; the pipeline is provided with the reversing valve;

[0021] The single-nozzle auxiliary gel system comprises a coagulation nozzle and a solenoid valve; the coagulation nozzle is located between the base material printing nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle and is also assembled on the nozzle fixing member; the tail end of the coagulation nozzle is also connected with the gas supply system through the pipeline; the pipeline is provided with the solenoid valve;

[0022] The gas supply system comprises a pressure regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve and a high-pressure gas tank; the high-pressure gas tank is provided with the pressure reducing valve at the front end; the base material printing nozzle, the coagulation nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle are communicated with the high-pressure gas tank through the pipeline; each pipeline is provided with the pressure reducing valve;

[0023] The physical field auxiliary drying system comprises a drying box, a lifting mechanism, an infrared heater, a sealing door, a microwave generator and a circulating fan; the drying box can move up and down along the lifting mechanism; the drying box is provided with the infrared heater, the microwave generator and the circulating fan; the bottom of the drying box is also provided with the sealing door;

[0024] The conveying system comprises a conveying cylinder and a guide rail; the guide rail specifically comprises a guide groove located on the printing platform and a guide groove located on the sealing door, and the two are spliced to form a complete guide rail; the printing tray can move back and forth on the printing platform and the sealing door along the guide rail through the push-pull of the push rod in the conveying cylinder.

[0025] Further, the guide groove in the sealing door is made of non-metallic material.

[0026] The control system mainly comprises a control cabinet for controlling other systems. Specifically, the control cabinet controls the conveying cylinder, the X-axis driving device, the base material printing nozzle, the auxiliary material printing nozzle, the Z-axis driving device, the infrared sensor, the Y-axis driving device, the reversing valve, the solenoid valve, the lifting mechanism, the infrared emitter, the microwave generator, the circulating fan, the optical fiber sensor, the electric heating tube and the thermocouple.

[0027] Further, the printing platform system further comprises a Z-axis driving device; the printing platform is installed in the Z-axis direction, and the Z-axis driving device controls the vertical movement of the printing platform; the printing tray is driven by the conveying cylinder to move along the guide rail between the printing platform and the physical field auxiliary drying system.

[0028] Further, the printing tray is made of microwave-resistant material and is designed with a positioning function.

[0029] The printing platform system further comprises an X-axis driving device and a Y-axis driving device; the nozzle fixing member is controlled by the X-axis driving device and the Y-axis driving device to move in the X-axis and Y-axis planes; the substrate printing nozzle, the coagulation promoting nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle are all installed on the nozzle fixing member through the wire hole.

[0030] Further, the internal structure of the substrate printing nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle specifically comprises a food material extrusion pipe, a support pipe and a gas cylinder, the food materials of the two nozzles are uniformly extruded in a gas cylinder extrusion mode, and the gas cylinder is connected with a high-pressure gas tank through a reversing valve, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure reducing valve.

[0031] An infrared sensor is further arranged below the nozzle fixing member.

[0032] The coagulation promoting nozzle comprises a gas nozzle, a heat preservation pipe, an electric heating pipe and a thermocouple; the gas nozzle is fixed with the inner wire of the heat preservation pipe through external threads; the electric heating pipe is installed inside the heat preservation pipe, and the thermocouple is installed on the inner wall of the heat preservation pipe; the electric heating pipe and the thermocouple are both connected with the control cabinet through control lines; the upper part of the heat preservation pipe is connected with the high-pressure gas tank through the electromagnetic valve, the pressure regulating valve and the pressure reducing valve.

[0033] A second guide groove is arranged in the drying cavity of the physical field assisted drying system, the material of the second guide groove is non-metal material, the drying cavity moves up and down through a lifting mechanism to load and unload the material disc; a drying cavity loading and unloading door is designed at the lower part, and the microwave sealing of the drying cavity is realized through a sealing cover;

[0034] The physical field assisted drying system further comprises an infrared emitter, which is located at the top of the drying cavity; the infrared emitter and the top connecting plate of the drying cavity are a mesh plate with a diameter of less than 2 mm; an infrared tube is installed in the infrared heater;

[0035] The microwave generator is installed on the side microwave feed port of the drying cavity through an excitation cavity; the circulating fan is installed on the side of the drying cavity and is connected with the infrared heater;

[0036] An optical fiber sensor 25 is further installed on the drying cavity.

[0037] Another technical scheme of the application is based on the application of a 3D printing modeling snack device with double materials and three nozzles; the specific steps are as follows:

[0038] (1) Double-nozzle 3D printing food material preparation: prepare substrate printing nozzle food material and load into the substrate printing nozzle extrusion pipe; prepare auxiliary material printing nozzle food material and load into the auxiliary material printing nozzle extrusion pipe;

[0039] (2) Double material three nozzle 3D printing: the base material extrusion tube is put into the base material printing nozzle support tube, and the auxiliary material extrusion tube is put into the auxiliary material printing nozzle support tube; turn on the power of the control cabinet, start the industrial computer, import the printing model, print the nozzle number, select the slicing software, slice, modify the slicing program, and place the setting condensation nozzle running program; set the base material printing nozzle, auxiliary material printing nozzle and setting condensation nozzle running parameters; start the running program, print the molding, and obtain the three nozzle 3D printing sample placed on the printing tray;

[0040] Further, the double material double nozzle printing model is completed by the base material printing nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle, and the printing layer height range of the base material printing nozzle and the auxiliary material printing nozzle is 0.8-5.0 mm; the three nozzle printing nozzle number is that the base material printing nozzle is nozzle 1, the auxiliary material printing nozzle is nozzle 2, and the setting condensation nozzle is nozzle 3; the modified slicing program and the setting condensation nozzle running program are that after the nozzle 1 and the nozzle 2 are alternately printed, the nozzle 3 runs according to the nozzle 2 path, the nozzle 3 running is finished, the nozzle 1 and the nozzle 2 continue to be alternately printed, then the nozzle 3 runs according to the nozzle 2 path, and the nozzle 1, the nozzle 2 and the nozzle 3 run in turn until the printing is finished; the hot air is turned on when the nozzle 3 runs, and the hot air is stopped when the running is stopped;

[0041] Further, the three nozzle 3D printing parameter setting is that the base material printing nozzle temperature is 25-30℃, the printing speed is 10-15 mm / s, and the cylinder pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the auxiliary material printing nozzle temperature is 25-30℃, the printing speed is 8-10 mm / s, and the cylinder pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the setting condensation nozzle printing speed is 0-10 mm / s, the air outlet temperature is 60-70℃, the air speed is 0-2 m / s, and the air inlet pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa;

[0042] (3) Physical field assisted drying: the printing platform is lowered to the lowest position, the conveying cylinder in the conveying system is started, the printing tray containing the printing sample is moved into the second guide groove of the drying cavity through the guide rail, the optical fiber sensor is inserted into the printing sample, the lifting mechanism is started, and the drying cavity is moved downward to contact the sealing plate; turn on the circulating fan, the infrared heater and the microwave generator to cure or dry the printing sample;

[0043] Further, the physical field assisted drying parameters are that the infrared heater power is 500 W, and the adjustment range is 0-100%; the microwave power is 700 W, and the adjustment range is 10-100%; the highest temperature of the printing sample is 60℃, the temperature control is 4 stages, which are 30℃, 40℃, 50℃ and 60℃ respectively, and the corresponding microwave power is 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% respectively, and the running time setting range is 0-60 h;

[0044] (4) Continue printing / product packaging: after the physical field assisted drying is completed, the lifting machine is started, the drying cavity is moved up and separated from the sealing plate, the conveying system is started, the material tray is moved to the printing platform, and according to the designed program, the printing is continued, or the printing is completed, the printed sample is taken out, and is packaged with an aluminum foil bag.

[0045] The substrate printing nozzle food material preparation method in step 1 is as follows: fresh hawthorn is sorted, washed, de-stemmed, de-nucleated, color-protected, cooked, pulped and filtered to obtain hawthorn pulp; the hawthorn pulp and sucrose are mixed and stirred according to the formula proportion to obtain hawthorn jam;

[0046] Further, the color-protecting liquid in the substrate printing nozzle food material preparation method is a 10-20 g / L Nacl solution, the soaking time is 3-5 min, the cooking temperature is 100 DEG C, the time is 10-15 min, the screen mesh is 40-60 meshes, and the weight ratio of hawthorn pulp to sucrose is 1:0.40-0.35;

[0047] The auxiliary material printing nozzle food material preparation method is as follows: fresh fruits are sorted, washed, peeled or de-nucleated, color-protected, pulped, and filtered to obtain fruit pulp; the fruit pulp, sucrose and hawthorn powder are mixed and stirred according to the formula proportion to obtain fruit jam;

[0048] Further, the color-protecting liquid in the auxiliary material printing nozzle food material preparation method is a 10-20 g / L Nacl solution, the soaking time is 3-5 min, the screen mesh is 40-60 meshes, and the weight ratio of fruit pulp to sucrose to hawthorn powder is 1:0.60-0.55:0.05-0.10.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0050] (1) Compared with the existing mold processing technology, the present application adopts a three-nozzle 3D printing technology, which not only realizes the processing of special-shaped hawthorn snack products, expands the variety of hawthorn snack products, but also reduces the sugar content, shortens the drying time, reduces the production cost, and improves the product competitiveness of hawthorn processing enterprises.

[0051] (2) Compared with the existing single-nozzle 3D printing method, the present application adopts a double-material double-nozzle 3D printing method, which solves the problem of nozzle blockage in the single-nozzle printing process of traditional hawthorn snack making materials.

[0052] (3) Compared with the existing double-nozzle 3D printing method, the present application adopts a three-nozzle 3D printing method, which, in the alternate 3D printing process of the substrate nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle, improves the structural support of the printed product in line through the same path hot air curing of the coagulation nozzle, solves the problem of easy collapse in the printing process of special-shaped hawthorn; through physical field assisted drying and rapid dehydration and curing, more complex structure and larger volume products can be precisely printed.

[0053] (4) Compared with the existing 3D printing fresh food product, the application is dried by physical field auxiliary drying, so that the printing hawthorn sample is quickly dehydrated and dried, that is, the special structure of the 3D printing hawthorn sample is maintained, the printing product precision is improved, the drying time is shortened, the product storage period is prolonged, and the application range of the food 3D printing technology is further expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device of the application.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a top view of the device of the application.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a front view of the device of the application.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the coagulation printing nozzle section of the device of the application.

[0058] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the application.

[0059] Figure 6 It is a modeling schematic diagram of step c of application example 1 of the application.

[0060] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the final product of step g of application example 1 of the application.

[0061] Figure 8 It is a modeling schematic diagram of step c of application example 2 of the application.

[0062] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the final product of step g of application example 2 of the application.

[0063] Figure 10 a-e are schematic diagrams of special-shaped hawthorn snack models of the application.

[0064] The drawings show that: 1. frame; 2. conveying cylinder; 3. printing platform; 4. printing tray; 5. printing sample; 6. X-axis driving device; 7. nozzle fixing part; 8. coagulation printing nozzle; 9. base material printing nozzle; 10. auxiliary material printing nozzle; 11. Z-axis driving device; 12. infrared sensor; 13. Y-axis driving device; 14. reversing valve; 15. electromagnetic valve; 16. pressure regulating valve; 17. pressure reducing valve; 18. high-pressure gas tank; 19. drying cavity; 20. lifting mechanism; 21. infrared emitter; 22. sealing plate; 23. microwave generator; 24. circulating fan; 25. optical fiber sensor; 26. control cabinet; 27. air nozzle; 28. heat preservation pipe; 29. electric heating pipe; 30. thermocouple; 31. guide rail; 31-1. first guide groove; 31-2. second guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0066] Example 1: A 3D printing snack device based on dual materials and three nozzles

[0067] like Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes a printing platform system, a dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system, a single-nozzle auxiliary gel system, an air supply system, a conveying system, a physical field assisted drying system and a control system; the printing platform system is provided with a dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system and a single-nozzle auxiliary gel system; the air supply system is connected to the dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system and the single-nozzle auxiliary gel system through pipelines respectively; the printing platform system is also provided with a conveying system, which is connected to the physical field assisted drying system; the dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system, the single-nozzle auxiliary gel system, the air supply system, the conveying system and the physical field assisted drying system are controlled by the control system.

[0068] Furthermore, the printing platform system includes a frame 1, a printing platform 3, a printing tray 4 and a nozzle fixing member 7; the frame 1 is hollow, and a printing platform 3 is provided inside, and a printing tray 4 is provided on the printing platform 3; the nozzle fixing member 7 is provided inside the frame 1;

[0069] The dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system includes a base material printing nozzle 9 and an auxiliary material printing nozzle 10, a pipeline and a reversing valve 14; the front ends of the base material printing nozzle 9 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 are assembled on the nozzle fixing member 7, and the rear ends of the base material printing nozzle 9 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 are connected to the air supply system through pipelines; the reversing valve 14 is provided on each of the pipelines;

[0070] The single-nozzle auxiliary gel system includes a coagulation-promoting nozzle 8 and a solenoid valve 15; the coagulation-promoting nozzle 8 is located between the substrate printing nozzle 9 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10, and is also assembled on the nozzle fixing member 7; the tail of the coagulation-promoting nozzle 8 is also connected to the air supply system through a pipeline; the solenoid valve 15 is provided on the pipeline;

[0071] The gas supply system includes a pressure regulating valve 16, a pressure reducing valve 17 and a high-pressure gas tank 18; the pressure reducing valve 17 is provided at the front end of the high-pressure gas tank 18; the substrate printing nozzle 9, the coagulation accelerating nozzle 8 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 are all connected to the high-pressure gas tank 18 through pipes; each of the connected pipes is provided with a pressure reducing valve 17;

[0072] The physical field assisted drying system comprises a drying box 19, a lifting mechanism 20, an infrared heater 21, a sealing door 22, a microwave generator 23 and a circulating fan 24; the drying box 19 can move up and down along the lifting mechanism 20; the drying box 19 is provided with the infrared heater 21, the microwave generator 23 and the circulating fan 24; the bottom of the drying box 19 is further provided with the sealing door 22;

[0073] The conveying system comprises a conveying cylinder 2 and a guide rail 31; the guide rail 31 specifically comprises a first guide groove 31-1 located on the printing platform 3 and a second guide groove 31-2 located on the sealing door 22, which are spliced with each other to form a complete guide rail 31; the printing tray 4 can move back and forth on the printing platform 3 and the sealing door 22 along the guide rail 31 through the push-pull of the push rod in the conveying cylinder 2.

[0074] Further, the guide groove in the sealing door 22 is made of non-metallic material.

[0075] The control system mainly comprises a control cabinet 26, which controls other systems through the control cabinet 26. Specifically, the conveying cylinder 2, the X-axis driving device 6, the base material printing nozzle 9, the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10, the Z-axis driving device 11, the infrared sensor 12, the Y-axis driving device 13, the reversing valve 14, the electromagnetic valve 15, the lifting mechanism 20, the infrared emitter 21, the microwave generator 23, the circulating fan 24, the optical fiber sensor 25, the electric heating tube 29 and the thermocouple 30 are controlled through the control cabinet 26.

[0076] Further, the printing platform system further comprises a Z-axis driving device 11; the printing platform 3 is installed in the Z-axis direction, and the Z-axis driving device 11 controls the vertical movement of the printing platform 3; the printing tray 4 is driven by the conveying cylinder 2 to move along the guide rail 31 between the printing platform 3 and the physical field assisted drying system.

[0077] Further, the printing tray 4 is made of microwave-resistant material and is designed with a positioning function.

[0078] The printing platform system further comprises an X-axis driving device 6 and a Y-axis driving device 13; the nozzle fixing part 7 is controlled to move in the X-axis and Y-axis planes by the X-axis driving device 6 and the Y-axis driving device 13; the base material printing nozzle 9, the setting nozzle 8 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 are all installed on the nozzle fixing part 7 through the wire hole.

[0079] Further, the internal structure of the base material printing nozzle 9 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 specifically comprises a food material extrusion pipe, a support pipe and a cylinder, and the food materials of the two nozzles are uniformly extruded in a cylinder extrusion mode; the cylinder is connected with the high-pressure gas tank 18 through the reversing valve 14, the pressure regulating valve 16 and the pressure reducing valve 17.

[0080] An infrared sensor 12 is further arranged below the spray head fixing member 7.

[0081] The coagulation spray head 8 comprises a gas nozzle 27, a heat preservation tube 28, an electric heating tube 29 and a thermocouple 30; the gas nozzle 27 is fixed with the inner thread of the heat preservation tube 28 through the outer thread; the electric heating tube 29 is installed inside the heat preservation tube 28, and the thermocouple 30 is installed on the inner wall of the heat preservation tube 28; the electric heating tube 29 and the thermocouple 30 are connected with the control cabinet 26 through control lines; the upper part of the heat preservation tube 28 is connected with the high-pressure gas tank 18 through the electromagnetic valve 15, the pressure regulating valve 16 and the pressure reducing valve 17.

[0082] A second guide groove 31-2 made of non-metallic material is arranged in the drying cavity 19 in the physical field assisted drying system; the drying cavity 19 moves up and down through the lifting mechanism 20 to carry out the feeding and discharging of the material tray 4; the feeding and discharging door of the drying cavity 19 is designed at the lower part, and the microwave sealing of the drying cavity 19 is realized through the sealing cover 22;

[0083] The physical field assisted drying system further comprises an infrared emitter 21 located at the top of the drying cavity 19; the infrared emitter 21 and the top connecting plate of the drying cavity 19 are mesh plates with a diameter of less than 2 mm; an infrared tube is installed in the infrared heater 21;

[0084] The microwave generator 23 is installed on the side microwave feed port of the drying cavity 19 through the excitation cavity; the circulating fan 24 is installed on the side of the drying cavity 19 and is connected with the infrared heater 21;

[0085] The optical fiber sensor 25 is further installed on the drying cavity 19.

[0086] Example 2: Application of 3D printing snack device based on double materials and three spray heads

[0087] (1) Double spray head 3D printing food material preparation: prepare the base material printing spray head 9 food material and load it into the extrusion pipe of the base material printing spray head 9; prepare the auxiliary material printing spray head 10 food material and load it into the extrusion pipe of the auxiliary material printing spray head 10;

[0088] (2) Double material three spray head 3D printing: the base material extrusion pipe is put into the support pipe of the base material printing spray head 9, and the auxiliary material extrusion pipe is put into the support pipe of the auxiliary material printing spray head 10; turn on the power supply of the control cabinet 26, start the industrial computer, import the printing model, print the spray head number, select the slicing software, perform slicing, modify the slicing program, and place the coagulation spray head 8 running program; set the running parameters of the base material printing spray head 9, the auxiliary material printing spray head 10 and the coagulation spray head 8; start the running program, print and form, and obtain the three spray head 3D printing sample 5 placed on the printing tray 4;

[0089] Further, the double-material double-nozzle printing model is that the base material printing nozzle 9 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 are printed alternately, and the printing layer height range of the base material printing nozzle 9 and the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 is 0.8-5.0 mm; the 3-nozzle printing nozzle number is that the base material printing nozzle 9 is set as nozzle 1, the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 is set as nozzle 2, and the setting coagulation nozzle 8 is set as nozzle 3; the modified slice program is that the coagulation nozzle 8 running program is inserted, that is, after the nozzle 1 and the nozzle 2 are alternately printed, the nozzle 3 runs according to the nozzle 2 path, the nozzle 3 running is ended, the nozzle 1 and the nozzle 2 continue to be alternately printed, then the nozzle 3 runs according to the nozzle 2 path, and the nozzle 1, the nozzle 2 and the nozzle 3 run in turn until the printing is ended; the hot air is started when the nozzle 3 runs, and the hot air is stopped when the running is stopped;

[0090] Further, the three-nozzle 3D printing parameter setting is that the base material printing nozzle 9 temperature is 25-30℃, the printing speed is 10-15 mm / s, and the cylinder pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 temperature is 25-30℃, the printing speed is 8-10 mm / s, and the cylinder pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the coagulation nozzle 8 printing speed is 0-10 mm / s, the air outlet temperature is 60-70℃, the air speed is 0-2 m / s, and the air inlet pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa;

[0091] (3) Physical field assisted drying: the printing platform 3 is lowered to the lowest position, the conveying cylinder 2 in the conveying system is started, the printing tray 4 containing the printing sample 5 is moved into the second guide groove 31-2 in the drying cavity 19 through the guide rail 31, the optical fiber sensor 25 is inserted into the printing sample 5, the lifting mechanism 20 is started, the drying cavity 19 is lowered to contact the sealing plate 22; the circulating fan 24, the infrared heater 21 and the microwave generator 23 are started, and the printing sample 5 is cured or dried;

[0092] Further, the physical field assisted drying parameter is that the infrared heater power is 500 W, and the adjustment range is 0-100%; the microwave power is 700 W, and the adjustment range is 10-100%; the highest temperature of the printing sample 5 is 60℃, the temperature control is 4 stages, which are 30℃, 40℃, 50℃ and 60℃ respectively, and the corresponding microwave power is 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% respectively, and the running time setting range is 0-60 h;

[0093] (4) Continue printing / product packaging: after the physical field assisted drying is ended, the lifting mechanism 20 is started, the drying cavity 19 is moved up to separate from the sealing plate 22, the conveying system is started, the material tray 4 is moved to the printing platform 3, and the printing is continued according to the design program, or the printing is ended, the printing sample 5 is taken out, and the printing sample 5 is packaged with an aluminum foil bag.

[0094] The material preparation method of the substrate printing nozzle 9 in step 1 is as follows: fresh hawthorn is sorted, washed, de-stemmed, de-pitted, color-protected, cooked, pulped and filtered to obtain hawthorn pulp; the hawthorn pulp and sucrose are mixed and stirred according to the formula proportion to obtain hawthorn jam;

[0095] Further, the color-protecting liquid in the material preparation method of the substrate printing nozzle 9 is a 10-20 g / L Nacl solution, the soaking time is 3-5 min, the cooking temperature is 100°C, the time is 10-15 min, the screen mesh is 40-60 mesh, and the weight ratio of hawthorn pulp to sucrose is 1:0.40-0.35;

[0096] The material preparation method of the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 is as follows: fresh fruits are sorted, washed, peeled or de-pitted, color-protected, pulped and filtered to obtain fruit pulp; the fruit pulp, sucrose and hawthorn powder are mixed and stirred according to the formula proportion to obtain fruit jam;

[0097] Further, the color-protecting liquid in the material preparation method of the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 is a 10-20 g / L Nacl solution, the soaking time is 3-5 min, the screen mesh is 40-60 mesh, and the weight ratio of fruit pulp to sucrose to hawthorn powder is 1:0.60-0.55:0.05-0.10.

[0098] Application Example 1: Preparation of special-shaped hawthorn snacks based on hawthorn-banana combined gel and three-nozzle 3D printing

[0099] a. Material preparation of the substrate printing nozzle 9: Fresh hawthorn is taken out of the refrigerator, and the rotten hawthorn is removed. The hawthorn is washed, de-stemmed, de-pitted, color-protected (immersed in a 20 g / L Nacl solution for 5 min), and then placed in an electric rice cooker for cooking for 15 min. The de-pitted hawthorn is broken with a pulper and squeezed through a 60-mesh screen to obtain hawthorn pulp. The hawthorn pulp and sucrose are mixed and stirred according to the formula proportion to obtain the material of the substrate printing nozzle 9. The material of the substrate printing nozzle 9 is loaded into the substrate extrusion tube for standby. The formula proportion of hawthorn pulp and sucrose is hawthorn pulp:sucrose weight ratio = 1:0.35.

[0100] b. Material preparation of the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10: The peeled banana is cut into 5 mm slices and broken into banana pulp in a pulper. A certain amount of banana pulp is taken into a beaker, and sucrose and hawthorn powder are added according to the formula proportion. The beaker is placed in a 70°C water bath and stirred constantly until the sucrose is fully dissolved. The material of the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 is obtained and loaded into the auxiliary material extrusion tube for standby. The formula proportion of banana pulp, sucrose and hawthorn powder is banana pulp:sucrose:hawthorn powder weight ratio = 1:0.60:0.05.

[0101] c. Model import and slicing: select a special model from the control cabinet 26 control machine model library, import the printing model file, set the base material printing nozzle 9 as nozzle 1, the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 as nozzle 2, the coagulation nozzle 8 as nozzle 3, select the slicing software, and perform slicing processing, and place the coagulation nozzle 8 running program; Model size: solid hollow cylinder with outer diameter of 25mm, inner diameter of 15mm, and height of 20mm. As shown in Figure 6 .

[0102] d. 3D printing food placement: place the base material extrusion pipe containing food into the base material printing nozzle 9 support pipe, and the nozzle inner diameter is 1.2mm; Place the auxiliary material extrusion pipe containing food into the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 support pipe, and the nozzle inner diameter is 1.2mm.

[0103] e. 3D printer parameter setting and running: nozzle 1: temperature 30℃, printing speed 10mm / s, printing layer height 2mm; Nozzle 2: temperature 30℃, printing speed 8mm / s, printing layer height 2mm; Nozzle 3: air outlet temperature 60℃, air inlet pressure 0.2MPa, wind speed 0.5m / s; Click 3D printing operation button, and the printer runs.

[0104] f. Physical field assisted drying: after printing, start the lifting mechanism 20, and the printing platform 3 is lowered to the lowest position; Start the conveying mechanism 2, and the printing tray 4 is moved into the drying cavity 19; Insert the optical fiber sensor 25, and the drying cavity 19 is lowered to be sealed with the sealing plate 22; Turn on the circulating fan 24, infrared heater 21, and microwave generator 23 to dry the printing sample 5; After drying, start the lifting mechanism 20, and the drying cavity 19 is raised to be separated from the sealing plate 22; Remove the optical fiber sensor 25, and start the conveying mechanism 2 to move the printing tray 4 in the drying cavity 19 to the printing platform 3; Take out the dried printing sample 5 for packaging; Drying parameter setting: infrared power 300W, microwave power 300W, product 4 section temperatures are 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, and 60℃ respectively, and the total running time is 14h.

[0105] g. Results: The outer diameter and height deviation of the hawthorn snack product prepared by three-nozzle 3D printing based on hawthorn-banana combined gel are 1.04% and 1.08% respectively, the drying time is shortened by 80.56% compared with traditional hawthorn dried products (strips), the hardness is reduced by 20.64%, the total sugar is reduced by 2.48%, the flavonoids and total phenols are increased by 23.31% and 25.94% respectively, and the antioxidant capacity is increased by more than 28.53%.

[0106] The specific process of the product printed and prepared in the application embodiment is as shown in Figure 7 .

[0107] Application Example 2: Preparation of special shaped hawthorn snack based on hawthorn-damson combined gel and three-nozzle 3D printing

[0108] a, substrate printing nozzle 9 food material preparation: take fresh hawthorn out of the refrigerator, remove the rotten hawthorn, wash, remove the stem, remove the core, protect the color (soak in 20g / L Nacl solution for 5min), then put the hawthorn without core into the electric rice cooker and cook for 15min, take out and crush with a pulper, and extrude through a 60 mesh screen to obtain hawthorn pulp; mix and stir the hawthorn pulp with sucrose according to the formula ratio to obtain the substrate printing nozzle 9 food material; load the substrate printing nozzle 9 food material into the substrate extrusion pipe for standby; the formula ratio of hawthorn jam and sucrose is hawthorn jam:sucrose = 1:0.30.

[0109] b, auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 food material preparation: take fresh persimmon out of the refrigerator, remove the skin and put it into a pulper to break it into persimmon pulp. Take a certain amount of persimmon pulp into a beaker, add sucrose and hawthorn powder according to the proportion, and continuously stir in a 70℃ water bath kettle. When the sucrose is fully dissolved, take it out to obtain the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 food material; load the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 food material into the auxiliary material extrusion pipe for standby; the formula ratio of persimmon pulp, sucrose and hawthorn powder is persimmon pulp:sucrose:hawthorn powder = 1:0.55:0.10.

[0110] c, model import and slicing: select a special shaped model from the model library of the control cabinet 26 industrial computer, import the printing model file; set the substrate printing nozzle 9 as nozzle 1, the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 as nozzle 2, and the setting nozzle 8 as nozzle 3; select the slicing software and perform slicing processing; the model size is a cartoon cat with an outer diameter of 34mm at the bottom and a height of 20mm. The model size is modified by Rhinoceros 7, and the height of each layer of the model is changed to 0.8mm, 1.2mm and 1.6mm respectively.

[0111] The slicing form in the modeling program during specific printing is as shown in Figure 8 .

[0112] d, 3D printing food material placement: place the substrate extrusion pipe containing the food material into the substrate printing nozzle 9 support pipe, and the inner diameter of the nozzle is 1.2mm; place the auxiliary material extrusion pipe containing the food material into the auxiliary material printing nozzle 10 support pipe, and the inner diameter of the nozzle is 1.2mm.

[0113] e, 3D printer parameter setting and operation: nozzle 1: temperature 35℃, printing speed 10mm / s; nozzle 2: temperature 35℃, printing speed 10mm / s; nozzle 3: outlet gas temperature 70℃, inlet gas pressure 0.2MPa, air speed 0.8m / s; start the 3D printer and run the printer;

[0114] f、Physical field assisted drying: after printing, the lifting mechanism 20 is started, the printing platform 3 is lowered to the lowest position, the conveying mechanism 2 is started, the printing tray 4 is moved into the drying chamber 19, the optical fiber sensor 25 is inserted, the drying chamber 19 is lowered to be sealed with the sealing plate 22, the circulating fan 24, the infrared heater 21 and the microwave generator 23 are turned on, and the printing sample 5 is dried; after drying, the lifting mechanism 20 is started, the drying chamber 19 is moved up to be separated from the sealing plate 22, the optical fiber sensor 25 is pulled out, the conveying mechanism 2 is started, the printing tray 4 in the drying chamber 19 is moved to the printing platform 3, the dried printing sample 5 is taken out, and packaging is performed; the drying parameters are set as follows: the infrared power is 350 W, the microwave power is 300 W, the product 4 section temperatures are 30℃, 40℃, 50℃ and 60℃ respectively, and the total running time is 12h.

[0115] g、Results: The printing precision of the hawthorn snack product prepared by the hawthorn-jujube double-material combined gel and the three-nozzle 3D printing is 1.83% and 1.90% in the outer diameter and height deviation respectively, the drying time is shortened by 83.33% compared with the traditional dried hawthorn strip, the hardness is reduced by 25.34%, the total sugar is reduced by 3.58%, the flavonoids and total phenols are increased by 26.35% and 29.44% respectively, and the antioxidant capacity is increased by more than 32.23%.

[0116] The printing sample in the application embodiment is as shown in Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the partial hawthorn snack capable of being 3D printed by using the device and application of the application is as shown in Figure 10 a-e.

Claims

1. A 3D printing snack device based on dual materials and three nozzles, characterized by: Including printing platform system, dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system, single-nozzle auxiliary gel system, air supply system, conveying system, physical field assisted drying system and control system; The printing platform system is provided with a dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system and a single-nozzle auxiliary gelation system; the air supply system is connected to the dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system and the single-nozzle auxiliary gelation system through pipelines respectively; the printing platform system is also provided with a conveying system, which is connected to the physical field assisted drying system; the dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system, the single-nozzle auxiliary gelation system, the air supply system, the conveying system and the physical field assisted drying system are controlled by a control system; The printing platform system comprises a frame (1), a printing platform (3), a printing tray (4) and a nozzle fixing member (7); the frame (1) is hollow, and a printing platform (3) is provided inside, and a printing tray (4) is provided on the printing platform (3); the frame (1) is also provided with a nozzle fixing member (7); The dual-material dual-nozzle 3D printing system comprises a base material printing nozzle (9) and an auxiliary material printing nozzle (10), a pipeline and a reversing valve (14); the front ends of the base material printing nozzle (9) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) are assembled on the nozzle fixing member (7), and the rear ends of the base material printing nozzle (9) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) are connected to the air supply system through pipelines; the reversing valve (14) is provided on each of the pipelines; The single-nozzle auxiliary gel system includes a coagulation-promoting nozzle (8) and a solenoid valve (15); the coagulation-promoting nozzle (8) is located between the substrate printing nozzle (9) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10), and is also assembled on the nozzle fixing member (7); the tail of the coagulation-promoting nozzle (8) is also connected to the air supply system through a pipeline; the solenoid valve (15) is provided on the pipeline; The gas supply system includes a pressure regulating valve (16), a pressure reducing valve (17) and a high-pressure gas tank (18); a pressure reducing valve (17) is provided at the front end of the high-pressure gas tank (18); the substrate printing nozzle (9), the coagulation-promoting nozzle (8) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) are all connected to the high-pressure gas tank (18) through pipes; each of the connected pipes is provided with a pressure reducing valve (17); The physical field assisted drying system comprises a drying box (19), a lifting mechanism (20), an infrared heater (21), a sealing door (22), a microwave generator (23) and a circulating fan (24); the drying box (19) is capable of moving up and down along the lifting mechanism (20); the drying box (19) is provided with an infrared heater (21), a microwave generator (23) and a circulating fan (24); and the bottom of the drying box (19) is also provided with a sealing door (22); The conveying system includes a conveying cylinder (2) and a guide rail (31); the guide rail (31) specifically includes a guide groove (31-1) located on the printing platform (3) and a guide groove (31-2) located on the sealing door (22), and the two are spliced ​​together to form a complete guide rail (31); the printing tray (4) can move back and forth along the guide rail (31) on the printing platform (3) and the sealing door (22) by pushing and pulling the push rod in the conveying cylinder (2); The control system mainly includes a control cabinet (26), and other systems are controlled through the control cabinet (26); The coagulation-promoting nozzle (8) includes an air nozzle (27), an insulation tube (28), an electric heating tube (29) and a thermocouple (30); the air nozzle (27) is fixed to the inner thread of the insulation tube (28) through an external thread; the electric heating tube (29) is installed inside the insulation tube (28), and the thermocouple (30) is installed on the inner wall of the insulation tube (28); the electric heating tube (29) and the thermocouple (30) are both connected to the control cabinet (26) through a control line; The upper portion of the insulation pipe (28) is connected to the high-pressure gas tank (18) via a solenoid valve (15), a pressure regulating valve (16), and a pressure reducing valve (17).

2. The dual-material and triple-nozzle 3D printing snack device according to claim 1, wherein: The printing platform system further includes a Z-axis drive device (11); the printing platform (3) is installed in the Z-axis direction, and the Z-axis drive device (11) controls the vertical movement of the printing platform (3); the printing tray (4) is driven by the conveying cylinder (2) to move along the guide rail (31) between the printing platform (3) and the physical field assisted drying system.

3. The device for 3D printing snacks based on dual materials and three nozzles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The printing platform system further includes an X-axis driving device (6) and a Y-axis driving device (13); the nozzle fixing member (7) is controlled by the X-axis driving device (6) and the Y-axis driving device (13) to move within the X-axis and Y-axis planes; the substrate printing nozzle (9), the coagulation-promoting nozzle (8) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) are all mounted on the nozzle fixing member (7) through the thread holes; An infrared sensor (12) is also provided below the nozzle fixing member (7).

4. The device for 3D printing snacks based on dual materials and three nozzles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide groove (31-2) is provided in the drying chamber (19) of the physical field assisted drying system. The second guide groove (31-2) is made of a non-metallic material. The drying chamber (19) moves up and down through a lifting mechanism (20) to allow the material tray (4) to enter and exit. The inlet and outlet doors of the drying chamber (19) are designed at the bottom, and microwave sealing of the drying chamber (19) is achieved through a sealing cover (22). The physical field assisted drying system further comprises an infrared emitter (21), which is located at the top of the drying chamber (19); the infrared emitter (21) and the top connecting plate of the drying chamber (19) are orifice plates with a diameter less than 2 mm; an infrared tube is installed in the infrared heater (21); The microwave generator (23) is installed on the microwave feed port on the side of the drying chamber (19) through the excitation cavity; the circulating fan (24) is installed on the side of the drying chamber (19) and is connected to the infrared heater (21); An optical fiber sensor (25) is also installed on the drying chamber (19).

5. The device for 3D printing snacks based on dual materials and three nozzles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying cylinder (2) in the conveying system is located below the side of the printing platform (3) and parallel to the lowest position of the printing tray (4). The conveying cylinder (2) conveys the printed sample (5) in the printing tray (4) to the drying chamber (19) through the second guide groove (31-2) in the drying chamber (19).

6. Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It is used to print hawthorn snacks with special shapes.

7. Application of the device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The specific printing steps are: (1) Preparation of dual-nozzle 3D printing food: prepare food from the base material printing nozzle (9) and load it into the extrusion tube of the base material printing nozzle (9); prepare food from the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) and load it into the extrusion tube of the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10); (2) Dual-material three-nozzle 3D printing: the base material extrusion tube is placed in the support tube of the base material printing nozzle (9), and the auxiliary material extrusion tube is placed in the support tube of the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10); turn on the power of the control cabinet (26), start the industrial computer, import the printing model, print the nozzle number, select the slicing software, slice, modify the slicing program, and insert the accelerator nozzle (8) running program; set the operating parameters of the base material printing nozzle (9), the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10), and the accelerator nozzle (8); start the running program, print and form, and obtain the three-nozzle 3D printing sample (5) placed on the printing tray (4); (3) Physical field assisted drying: the printing platform (3) is lowered to the lowest position, the conveying cylinder (2) in the conveying system is started, the printing tray (4) holding the printed sample (5) is moved into the second guide groove (31-2) of the drying chamber (19) through the guide rail (31), the optical fiber sensor (25) is inserted into the printed sample (5), the lifting mechanism (20) is started, and the drying chamber (19) moves down to contact the sealing plate (22); the circulating fan (24), the infrared heater (21) and the microwave generator (23) are turned on to solidify or dry the printed sample (5); (4) Continue printing / product packaging: After the physical field assisted drying is completed, the elevator (20) is started, the drying chamber (19) moves upward and separates from the sealing plate (22), the conveying system is started, the material tray (4) moves to the printing platform (3), and printing continues according to the design program, or after printing is completed, the printed sample (5) is taken out and packaged in an aluminum foil bag.

8. Use of the device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (2), the dual-material dual-nozzle printing model is completed by alternately printing the base material printing nozzle (9) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10), and the printing layer height range of the base material printing nozzle (9) and the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) is 0.8 to 5.0 mm; the three-nozzle printing nozzle numbering refers to setting the base material printing nozzle (9) as nozzle 1, the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) as nozzle 2, and the accelerator nozzle (8) as nozzle 3; the modified slicing program, inserting the accelerator nozzle (8) running program, refers to that after nozzle 1 and nozzle 2 are alternately printed, nozzle 3 runs according to the nozzle 2 path, nozzle 3 runs after the operation is completed, nozzle 1 and nozzle 2 continue to print alternately, and then nozzle 3 runs according to the nozzle 2 path, nozzle 1, nozzle 2, and nozzle 3 run in sequence until the printing is completed; the hot air is turned on when the nozzle 3 is running, and the hot air is stopped when it stops running; The physical field assisted drying parameters of step (3) are as follows: infrared heater power 500W, adjustment range 0-100%; microwave power 700W, adjustment range 10-100%; the maximum temperature of the printed sample (5) is 60°C, and the temperature is controlled in 4 sections, namely 30°C, 40°C, 50°C and 60°C, and the corresponding microwave powers are 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%°C, respectively, and the operating time setting range is 0-60h.

9. Use of the device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The three-nozzle 3D printing parameters are set as follows: the temperature of the substrate printing nozzle (9) is 25-30°C, the printing speed is 10-15 mm / s, and the cylinder pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the temperature of the auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) is 25-30°C, the printing speed is 8-10 mm / s, and the cylinder pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa; the printing speed of the accelerator nozzle (8) is 0-10 mm / s, the outlet temperature is 60-70°C, the wind speed is 0-2 m / s, and the inlet pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa.

10. Use of the device according to claim 7, characterized in that The method for preparing the food material of the substrate printing nozzle (9) in step (1) is as follows: sorting, washing, removing stems, removing cores, protecting color, steaming, beating and filtering fresh hawthorns to obtain hawthorn pulp; mixing the hawthorn pulp with sucrose according to a formula ratio to obtain hawthorn jam; The substrate printing nozzle (9) food preparation method said color protection liquid is 10-20 g / L NaCl solution, soaking time is 3-5 min, cooking temperature is 100°C, time is 10-15 min, screen is 40-60 mesh, and the weight ratio of hawthorn pulp to sucrose is 1:0.40-0.35; The auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) is used to prepare food materials by: sorting, washing, peeling or removing the core, protecting the color, beating, and filtering fresh fruits to obtain fruit pulp; mixing the fruit pulp, sucrose, and hawthorn powder according to a formula ratio to obtain jam; The auxiliary material printing nozzle (10) is used to prepare the color protection liquid of the food material, which is a 10-20 g / L NaCl solution, the soaking time is 3-5 min, the screen is 40-60 mesh, and the weight ratio of the fruit pulp: sucrose: hawthorn powder is 1:0.60-0.55:0.05-0.10.

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