Reconfigurable floating tool module for thin-wall part machining and self-adaptive machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace thin-wall part machining, in particular to a reconfigurable floating tool module for thin-wall part machining and a self-adaptive machining method. Comprising a base; the supporting mechanism is mounted on the base and comprises a flexible supporting assembly, the flexible supporting assembly comprises a driving part and a driven part, the driven part is connected with the driving part, and an elastic part is mounted at the connecting part; the supporting mechanism further comprises a rigid supporting assembly, the rigid supporting assembly comprises an electromagnetic chuck and an adsorption plate, the adsorption plate is fixed to the base, a sliding space is formed in the adsorption plate, one side of the electromagnetic chuck is fixedly connected with the driven part, and the other side of the electromagnetic chuck abuts against the adsorption plate and is located in the sliding space; and the clamping mechanism is mounted at the front end of the supporting mechanism. The invention further discloses a method for conducting self-adaptive machining on the thin-wall part through the tool. The method has the advantages that clamping impact deformation is small, self-adaptive deformation compensation is achieved in the machining process, part deformation is reduced, and adaptability is high, and machining precision and machining efficiency of the aircraft thin-wall part can be improved easily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aerospace thin-walled parts processing, and in particular to a reconfigurable floating tooling module and an adaptive processing method for thin-walled parts processing. Background Art

[0002] As aerospace product parts develop towards high strength and lightweight, thin-walled parts are used more widely in aircraft. However, due to the weak rigidity, complex shape, large curvature changes of thin-walled parts, the gradual use of new materials and their poor processing performance, thin-walled parts in large aircraft components are prone to contour deformation during processing.

[0003] At present, the traditional methods for processing thin-walled parts in large aircraft components are mainly: 1) Designing a set of exclusive profiling tooling for specific complex large aircraft components. This method is relatively expensive and less versatile. 2) Using reconfigurable floating tooling. Traditional reconfigurable floating tooling for large aircraft components uses a pressure plate and a positioning piece to rigidly clamp the workpiece. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN 114918705 A discloses a hydraulic floating repeatable positioning clamping method and device for fine machining of thin-walled disc-like parts. In the process of clamping the workpiece, the clamping force of this tooling is not accurately matched with the deformation generated during the part machining process, and it is easy to cause the problem of improper clamping force control leading to deformation of the workpiece during clamping. In addition, the tooling clamping points are limited, so there are certain restrictions on the shape and size of the workpiece that can be processed.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that further research on a reconfigurable floating tooling for processing aircraft thin-walled parts can not only effectively solve the problem of deformation during processing of aircraft thin-walled parts, but also have higher adaptability, which will be of great significance to the field of aerospace thin-walled parts processing.

[0005] Application Contents

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a reconfigurable floating tooling module and an adaptive processing method for thin-walled parts processing. Through the combined application of floating tooling and adaptive processing methods, it aims to solve the problems of processing deformation and low tooling adaptability in the current thin-walled parts processing of aircraft. It has the advantages of small clamping impact deformation, adaptive deformation compensation during processing, reduced part deformation, and high adaptability, which helps to improve the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of thin-walled parts of aircraft.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of this application, this application provides a reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled parts processing, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A reconfigurable floating tooling module for processing thin-walled parts, comprising at least one tooling unit, wherein the tooling unit comprises:

[0009] Pedestal;

[0010] A support mechanism is installed on the base, the support mechanism includes a flexible support component, the flexible support component includes a driving member and a driven member, the driven member is connected to the driving member, and an elastic member is installed at the connected part; the support mechanism also includes a rigid support component, the rigid support component includes an electromagnetic suction cup and an adsorption plate, the adsorption plate is fixed on the base, the adsorption plate has a sliding space, one side of the electromagnetic suction cup is fixedly connected to the driven member, and the other side abuts against the adsorption plate and is slidably located in the sliding space;

[0011] The clamping mechanism is installed at the front end of the supporting mechanism.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the external power source of the driving member is driven by low-voltage power. The driving member pushes the driven member to rise during its rise. When the clamping mechanism contacts the workpiece, the presence of the elastic member enables the support mechanism and the workpiece to achieve flexible contact, thereby constructing a support envelope surface that matches the shape of the workpiece under the flexible contact. The elastic member plays a buffering role in the process of constructing the support envelope surface, greatly reducing the direct impact of the support mechanism on the workpiece and improving the workpiece processing accuracy. After that, the workpiece is clamped by the clamping mechanism, and the rigid support assembly rigidly fixes the position of the support mechanism and provides sufficient rigid support for the workpiece to ensure the stability of the workpiece during processing.

[0013] More importantly, the rigid support composed of the electromagnetic suction cup and the adsorption plate can be flexibly changed. During the workpiece processing, the suction of the electromagnetic suction cup on the flexible support component and the fixation of the workpiece by the clamping mechanism are released, and the support mechanism returns to the flexible support state. According to the deformation state of the workpiece, the reverse force provided by the elastic part can be used to reconstruct the support envelope surface, thereby realizing the self-adaptation and deformation compensation of the workpiece processing deformation and reducing the processing deformation of the workpiece.

[0014] Moreover, in the process of processing thin-walled parts of aircraft, the tooling units in the above technical scheme can be used alone or in combination to realize the clamping of workpieces of various specifications and sizes, and can also realize partial or overall clamping of workpieces to meet various clamping requirements. The number and position are determined according to the research results of the static and dynamic mechanical properties of thin-walled workpieces to achieve the best clamping effect.

[0015] Implementations may include any or all of the following features.

[0016] Furthermore, the follower and the driving member are connected end to end, the follower is provided with a cavity at one end facing the driving member, the front end of the driving member is inserted into the cavity, and the elastic member is installed in the cavity; a limiting member is fixed on the outer wall of the front end of the driving member; and there is a travel space in the cavity, and the travel space is provided for the movement of the driving member.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, a flexible connection between the driving member and the driven member is achieved, and the travel space provides sufficient rising space for the driving member during the compression process of the elastic member, so that the support mechanism can play an effective flexible supporting role for the workpiece.

[0018] Furthermore, the elastic member expands and contracts along the axial direction of the front end located in the cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided in the cavity, and one axial end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the base includes an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are fixedly connected, a bracket is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder body, and a guide plate is installed on the bracket along the horizontal direction; one end of the adsorption plate in the length direction is fixed to the upper cylinder body, and the other end is fixed to the guide plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a hole is opened in the lower cylinder body to form a cylinder barrel, and the cylinder barrel passes through the upper cylinder body upward. The lower end of the driving member is inserted into the cylinder barrel and retracts in the cylinder barrel, and the upper end of the driving member is located above the upper cylinder body.

[0022] Furthermore, a piston is installed at the end of the driving member located in the cylinder, and a first sealing ring is installed on the lower cylinder body at a position where the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body abut each other, and the first sealing ring surrounds the outer circumference of the cylinder; a second sealing ring is installed on the upper cylinder body between the driving member and the upper cylinder body, and the second sealing ring surrounds the outer circumference of the driving member.

[0023] The above technical solution is helpful to maintain the air tightness of the cylinder and ensure that the driving member can be pneumatically lifted and lowered under the action of the power source.

[0024] Furthermore, the guide plate has at least one layer, the guide plate is arranged in the vertical direction, a guide hole is opened on the guide plate corresponding to the cylinder, the central axis of the guide hole is colinear with the central axis of the cylinder, and the follower is connected to the driving member after passing through the guide hole.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the guide plate guides the support mechanism, which is beneficial to maintaining the support mechanism rising and falling in the vertical direction.

[0026] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism comprises a vacuum suction cup and a connecting piece, wherein one axial end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the vacuum suction cup through a ball head, and the other end is connected to the top end of the driven piece;

[0027] The vacuum suction cup has a top ball in the middle, and an air passage is provided inside the connecting piece, and the air passage runs through the vacuum suction cup from the inside of the top ball. The connecting piece is also provided with an air pipe joint, and the air pipe joint is communicated with the air passage;

[0028] The top surface of the top ball is spherical, and the spherical surface of the top ball and the spherical surface of the ball head are arranged at the same center; the vacuum suction cup is connected to an air pressure sensor.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the ball head and the spherical top ball facilitate the universal adjustment of the direction of the vacuum suction cup, and the setting of the spherical surface of the top ball and the spherical surface of the ball head sharing the same spherical center can ensure that the envelope support surface formed by the vacuum suction cup is tangent to the surface of the workpiece.

[0030] In order to achieve the purpose of this application, this application also provides an adaptive processing method for thin-walled workpieces, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0031] Using the above-mentioned reconfigurable floating tooling module for processing thin-walled parts includes the following steps:

[0032] S1: Install and fix the workpiece;

[0033] S11: installing the workpiece, placing the workpiece above the vacuum suction cup;

[0034] S12: Control the driving member to move upward, and the driven member is simultaneously pushed upward, gradually approaching the workpiece, until the vacuum suction cup contacts the outer surface of the workpiece, the elastic member is compressed, and the clamping

[0035] The mechanism forms an enveloping support surface;

[0036] S13: starting the vacuum suction cup to adsorb and fix the workpiece;

[0037] S14: When the air pressure sensor of the vacuum suction cup sends a normal signal, the electromagnetic suction is started.

[0038] The disk is adsorbed on the adsorption plate;

[0039] S2: milling the surface of the workpiece;

[0040] S3: Compensating the workpiece for deformation:

[0041] S31: During the processing, the vacuum chuck and the electromagnetic chuck are controlled to be released, the workpiece is deformed and compensated, and the elastic member pushes the follower and the vacuum chuck to perform enveloping support.

[0042] Adjustment of the support surface;

[0043] S32: When the adjustment of the envelope support surface is completed, the vacuum suction cup is started to adsorb and fix the workpiece again. When the air pressure sensor of the vacuum suction cup sends a normal signal again, the electromagnetic suction cup is controlled to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate again, and then steps S1 to S3 are repeated until the workpiece is processed.

[0044] Further, the power source external to the driving member is connected to a control module, the air pressure sensor is connected to the control module, the control module controls the adsorption and desorption of the vacuum suction cup, and the control module receives and processes the air pressure signal monitored by the air pressure sensor;

[0045] When the air pressure sensor sends a normal signal to the control module, the control module starts the electromagnetic suction cup to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate;

[0046] The normal signal means that when the vacuum suction cups are all adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece, the pressure value monitored by the air pressure sensor is within a preset normal range. When the signal is abnormal, it is necessary to repeat S1 to S3.

[0047] Through the above technical scheme, the processing method is used in combination with the processing tooling to facilitate efficient multiple milling of aircraft thin-walled parts, which helps to improve the processing efficiency, processing accuracy and processing quality of aircraft thin-walled parts.

[0048] In summary, the present application provides a reconfigurable floating tooling module and an adaptive processing method for thin-walled parts processing, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0049] First, the flexible support mechanism of the present application changes adaptively according to the shape of the thin-walled aircraft workpiece being processed, forms a support envelope surface that matches the shape of the thin-walled workpiece, and then calls the rigid support component to provide rigid support. Therefore, during the clamping process of the thin-walled workpiece, the tooling of the present application is not easy to cause deformation impact on the workpiece, and can provide sufficient rigid support during the processing of the thin-walled workpiece to ensure the processing accuracy.

[0050] Second, during the workpiece processing, the present application can repeatedly release the clamping and rigid support to restore the flexible support of the support mechanism. The workpiece being processed releases the deformation of the workpiece under the fixed reference of the support mechanism, and the workpiece is adaptively deformed and compensated for by the elastic deformation of the elastic part, so as to achieve the effect of precise fine-tuning of the envelope support surface and effectively reduce the processing deformation of the parts. Third, the tooling unit of the present application can be used alone or in combination to achieve multi-point, multi-size and high-density support of the workpiece to meet various clamping requirements.

[0051] Fourthly, the present application adopts the design of the vacuum suction cup so that the direction of the clamping mechanism can be universally adjusted, thereby ensuring that the enveloping support surface formed by the vacuum suction cup is tangent to the surface of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tooling unit of this application.

[0053] Figure 2 It is a top view of the tooling unit of this application.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a partial longitudinal section structure schematic diagram of the tooling unit of the present application.

[0055] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0056] Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the supporting mechanism of this application.

[0057] Description of reference numerals:

[0058] 1. Base;

[0059] 11. lower cylinder body; 111. cylinder barrel; 112. first common channel;

[0060] 12. upper cylinder body; 121. second common channel; 122. second sealing ring; 123. second bushing;

[0061] 13. The first sealing ring;

[0062] 14. Pneumatic connector;

[0063] 15. Sealing joint;

[0064] 16. Bracket;

[0065] 17. guide plate; 171. guide hole; 172. first bushing;

[0066] 2. Support mechanism;

[0067] 21. flexible support assembly; 211. driving member; 2111. stopper; 2112. piston; 21121. wear-resistant ring; 21122. third sealing ring; 212. elastic member; 2121. mounting seat; 213. driven member; 2131. cavity; 21311. mounting groove; 21312. travel space;

[0068] 22. Rigid support assembly; 221. Electromagnetic suction cup; 222. Adsorption plate; 2221. Sliding space;

[0069] 3. Clamping mechanism;

[0070] 31. Vacuum suction cup; 311. Top bead;

[0071] 32. Connecting piece; 321. Ball head; 322. Air passage; 323. Air pipe joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiment of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The directional terms mentioned in the following implementation methods, such as: up, down, left, right, front, back, bottom, top, etc., are only referenced to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used for illustration, not for limitation of the present application.

[0073] The present application embodiment first discloses a reconfigurable floating tooling module for processing thin-walled parts, which can be used for processing thin-walled parts of aerospace vehicles. Figure 1 , at least includes one tooling unit, the tooling unit includes a base 1, a plurality of supporting mechanisms 2 are connected to the base 1, and a clamping mechanism 3 is connected to the top of each supporting mechanism 2.

[0074] The tooling module of the embodiment of the present application can be formed by one tooling unit or a combination of more than one tooling units. When more than one tooling unit is used in combination, a part or the whole of the workpiece can be clamped and supported. More than one tooling unit can be arranged in order or disorder according to the shape, size and processing part of the workpiece. In other words, the number and position of the tooling modules used in the embodiment of the present application are determined according to the research results of the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the thin-walled workpiece, so as to achieve the best clamping effect.

[0075] Specifically, refer to Figure 1The base 1 includes a lower cylinder body 11 and an upper cylinder body 12. The upper cylinder body 12 is located above the lower cylinder body 11 and the two are pressed against each other. The upper cylinder body 12 and the lower cylinder body 11 are fixed by bolts.

[0076] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a plurality of holes are provided on the lower cylinder body 11 along the height direction of the lower cylinder body 11, and the holes are arranged on the lower cylinder body 11 with a certain density. In a preferred embodiment, the holes are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction or the width direction of the lower cylinder body 11, and all the holes are parallel. The holes extend upward along their height direction until they pass through the upper cylinder body 12, and the holes form a cylinder barrel 111. In this embodiment, the distance between the center axes of any two adjacent holes is 30mm to 60mm. For example, the distance between the center axes of any two adjacent holes is 50mm. In other embodiments, the distance between the center axes of the two adjacent holes is not limited to 30mm to 60mm, and in actual production, it is adaptively changed according to the size and processing accuracy of the thin-walled parts being clamped. Although Figure 1 The spacing between the two middle rows of holes along the width direction of the lower cylinder body 11 shown in the figure is greater than the spacing between any other two rows of holes, but this does not constitute the only limitation on the arrangement of the cylinder barrel 111 in the tooling unit of the present application. The cylinder barrel 111 is used to install the support mechanism 2, so by designing the distance between the central axes of two adjacent holes, the support mechanism on a tooling unit forms a certain density, has sufficient clamping sites, and can meet various clamping requirements.

[0077] Further, refer to Figure 3 A first sealing ring 13 is installed on the lower cylinder body 11 at the position where the lower cylinder body 11 and the upper cylinder body 12 abut. The first sealing ring 13 surrounds the outer circumference of the cylinder barrel 111. When the upper cylinder body 12 and the lower cylinder body 11 are installed, the first sealing ring 13 is in a compressed state, and the upper end surface of the first sealing ring 13 is flush with the upper end surface of the lower cylinder body 11. The first sealing ring 13 is used to improve the sealing performance of the cylinder barrel 111 at the connection portion between the upper cylinder body 12 and the lower cylinder body 11.

[0078] Reference Figure 3 A common channel is provided near the bottom of the lower cylinder body 11, which is defined as a first common channel 112. The first common channel 112 runs through the lower cylinder body 11 along the length direction of the lower cylinder body 11, and the bottom ends of all cylinder tubes 111 located in the length direction of the first common channel 112 are connected to the first common channel 112. A first common channel 112 is provided at the bottom of each row of cylinder tubes 111 along the length direction of the lower cylinder body 11, and no two first common channels 112 are connected. Of course, in some other embodiments, the first common channel 112 can also be arranged along the width direction of the lower cylinder body 11. One end of the first common channel 112 in the length direction is connected to a pneumatic joint 14 (see Figure 2), a sealing joint 15 is installed at the other end, and a pneumatic joint 14 is used for connecting an external power source.

[0079] Reference Figure 3 , a plurality of common channels are also provided in the upper cylinder body 12, which are defined as second common channels 121. The second common channels 121 are arranged in the same direction as the first common channels 112, and all cylinder barrels 111 in the length direction of the second common channels 121 are also connected to the common channels, and each row of cylinder barrels 111 in the length or width direction of the upper cylinder body 12 is also provided with a second common channel 121. One end of the second common channel 121 in the length direction is connected to a pneumatic joint 14, and the other end is installed with a sealing joint 15, and the pneumatic joint 14 is used to connect to an external power source.

[0080] The common channel (112, 121) can provide driving force for all supporting mechanisms 2 at the same time. On the one hand, all supporting mechanisms 2 can be driven to rise and fall efficiently at the same time. On the other hand, the clamping force of the tooling of the present application on various parts of the workpiece can be stable and uniform, reducing the possibility of deformation of the workpiece caused by tooling clamping.

[0081] Further, refer to Figure 3 A bracket 16 is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper cylinder body 12. The bracket 16 is arranged along the height direction of the upper cylinder body 12. A guide plate 17 is fixedly connected to the bracket 16. The guide plate 17 is parallel to the upper end surface of the upper cylinder body 12. In this embodiment, three layers of the guide plates 17 are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the upper cylinder body 12. The spacing between adjacent guide plates 17 is not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent guide plates 17 is equal. A guide hole 171 is opened at a position corresponding to the cylinder barrel 111 on each layer of the guide plates 17. The central axis of the guide hole 171 is colinear with the central axis of the cylinder barrel 111. A first bushing 172 is installed on the guide plate 17 at the position of the guide hole 171. Of course, in some other embodiments, the number of layers of the guide plates 17 is not particularly limited, and one or more guide plates 17 can be designed.

[0082] Reference Figure 3 The support mechanism 2 includes a flexible support component 21, which includes a driving member 211, a driven member 213 and an elastic member 212. The driving member 211 is sleeved under the driven member 213, and the elastic member 212 is installed between the driving member 211 and the driven member 213. The upward end of the support mechanism 2 is defined as the front end, and the downward end is defined as the end.

[0083] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4A cavity 2131 is provided at the end of the follower 213, and a mounting groove 21311 is further provided in the cavity 2131 along the circumference of the cavity 2131. The elastic member 212 is installed in the mounting groove 21311 through the mounting seat 2121 at its end. In the axial direction of the mounting groove 21311, the mounting seat 2121 is fixed to the end of the mounting groove 21311. When the elastic member 212 is in the reset state, its front end contacts with the front end of the mounting groove 21311. The elastic member 212 is a spring, and the elastic member 212 expands and contracts along the axial direction of the front end located in the cavity 2131. The front end portion of the driving member 211 is inserted into the cavity 2131, and the elastic member 212 is sleeved outside the driving member 211. A limiting member 2111 is fixed to the outer periphery of the driving member 211 near the front end outside the cavity 2131. The front end of the limiting member 2111 abuts against the end of the driven member 213. The longitudinal cross-section of the limiting member 2111 is L-shaped, and the longitudinal cross-section of the end of the driven member 213 is inverted L-shaped, so that the limiting member 2111 and the driven member 213 form a stable connection, and the limiting member 2111 has a limiting and supporting function for the driven member 213.

[0084] Further, refer to Figure 4 The cavity 2131 has a certain travel space 21312 above the mounting groove 21311, and the travel space 21312 allows the front end of the driving member 211 to move in the cavity 2131. For example, when the elastic member 212 is gradually compressed, the front end of the driving member 211 in the cavity 2131 gradually moves upward.

[0085] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The driving member 211 is installed in the cylinder barrel 111 formed by the upper cylinder body 12 and the lower cylinder body 11, and the front end of the driving member 211 passes through the cylinder barrel 111 to connect with the driven member 213. The driven member 213 is installed in the guide hole 171 of the three-layer guide plate 17, and the front end of the driven member 213 passes through the guide plate 17. The first bushing 172 installed in the guide hole 171 is used to reduce the wear of the driven member 213 during the extension and retraction process.

[0086] Reference Figure 3 A piston 2112 is installed at the end of the driving member 211 located in the cylinder 111. The outer circumferential wall of the piston 2112 abuts against the inner circumferential wall of the cylinder 111. A wear-resistant ring 21121 and a third sealing ring 21122 are nested on the outer periphery of the piston 2112. The wear-resistant ring 21121 is located above the third sealing ring 21122.

[0087] Reference Figure 4 A second sealing ring 122 and a second bushing 123 are installed on the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 111 of the upper cylinder body 12 and at the connection portion between the driving member 211 and the cylinder barrel 111 . The second bushing 123 is installed below the second sealing ring 122 .

[0088] Furthermore, the driving member 211 is connected to a power source through the pneumatic joint 14 of the first common channel 112 and the second common channel 121, and the power source is connected to a control module (not shown in the figure), and the control module controls the power source of the driving member 211 to be turned on or off.

[0089] Further, refer to Figure 4 The support mechanism 2 also includes a rigid support component 22, which includes an electromagnetic suction cup 221 and an adsorption plate 222. The adsorption plate 222 is connected to the base 1. In this embodiment, the adsorption plate 222 is arranged along the height direction of the base 1. One end of the adsorption plate 222 in the height direction is fixed to the guide plate 17 of the bottom layer, and the other end in the height direction is fixed to the top surface of the upper cylinder body 12. One side of the electromagnetic suction cup 221 is fixed to the bottom of the follower 213, and the other side is in contact with the adsorption plate 222. The adsorption plate 222 provides an adsorption position for the electromagnetic suction cup 221. When the electromagnetic suction cup 221 is energized, the electromagnetic suction cup 221 is adsorbed and fixed to the adsorption plate 222, and the position of the follower 213 is fixed, providing rigid support for the flexible support mechanism 2. In the rigid support state, the maximum pressure that a single support rod can withstand is 200N.

[0090] Further, referring to the figure, the height of the adsorption plate 222 is greater than the height of the electromagnetic suction cup 221, so that the adsorption plate 222 can provide a sliding space 2221 for the electromagnetic suction cup 221. When the support mechanism 2 performs deformation compensation, the electromagnetic suction cup 221 is released from adsorption and slides on the adsorption plate 222 as the support mechanism 2 moves. When a new support envelope surface is formed, the electromagnetic suction cup 221 is re-adsorbed with the adsorption plate 222. The switch of the electromagnetic suction cup 221 is connected to the above-mentioned control module, and the adsorption and desorption of the electromagnetic suction cup 221 and the adsorption plate 222 are controlled by the control module.

[0091] Reference Figure 5 The clamping mechanism 3 is installed at the front end of the follower 213 of the supporting mechanism 2. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a vacuum suction cup 31 and a connecting member 32. One axial end of the connecting member 32 is sleeved and fixed with the front end of the follower 213, and the other end is connected to the vacuum suction cup 31. Specifically, one end of the connecting member 32 used for connecting to the vacuum suction cup 31 is a ball head 321. The connecting member 32 forms a rotational connection with the vacuum suction cup 31 through the ball head 321, so that the vacuum suction cup 31 can be universally rotated. There is a top ball 311 in the middle of the vacuum suction cup 31. The top surface of the top ball 311 is a spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface of the top surface of the top ball 311 is concentric with the center of the ball head 321 of the connecting member 32, so as to ensure that the vacuum suction cup 31 is tangent to the surface of the workpiece when clamped, thereby improving the clamping stability.

[0092] Further, refer to Figure 5, the connecting piece 32 is provided with an air passage 322 inside, and the air passage 322 passes through the vacuum suction cup from the inside of the top ball 311. The connecting piece 32 is also provided with an air pipe joint 323, which is in communication with the air passage 322, and the air pipe joint 323 is used to connect an external vacuum suction device. The switch of the vacuum suction cup 31 is connected to the above-mentioned control module, and the control module controls the adsorption and desorption of the vacuum suction cup 31 and the workpiece. The vacuum suction cup 31 is connected to an air pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), and the air pressure sensor is connected to the control module. After the vacuum suction cup 31 is adsorbed on the workpiece, the air pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure of the vacuum suction cup 31 and transmit it to the control module. The control module receives and controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic suction cup 221 according to the air pressure signal transmitted by the air pressure sensor. If the air pressure signal is normal, the control module controls the adsorption of the electromagnetic suction cup 221. If the air pressure signal is abnormal, the adsorption of the vacuum suction cup 31 and the workpiece is readjusted. After the air pressure signal is normal, the control module controls the adsorption of the electromagnetic suction cup 221.

[0093] The embodiment of the present application also discloses an adaptive processing method for thin-walled workpieces, which uses the above-mentioned reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled workpiece processing to realize adaptive processing of aircraft thin-walled workpieces, including the following steps:

[0094] S1: Install and fix the workpiece;

[0095] S11: installing the workpiece, combining one or more of the tooling units as needed, and placing the workpiece above the vacuum suction cup 31;

[0096] S12: Inputting instructions to the control module, the control module controls the power source to drive the driving member 211 to move upward, and the driven member 213 is simultaneously pushed upward, gradually approaching the workpiece, until the vacuum suction cup 31 contacts the outer surface of the workpiece, the elastic member 212 is compressed, and the clamping mechanism 3 forms a flexible enveloping support surface;

[0097] S13: The control module starts the vacuum suction cup 31 to adsorb and fix the workpiece;

[0098] S14: When the air pressure sensor sends a normal signal to the control module, the control module starts the electromagnetic suction cup 221 to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate 222 to construct a rigid support surface that is completely consistent with the shape of the workpiece;

[0099] S2: milling the surface of the workpiece;

[0100] S3: Compensating the workpiece for deformation:

[0101] S31: During the processing, the control module sends a signal to control the vacuum chuck 31 and the electromagnetic chuck 221 to be released, so as to compensate for the deformation of the workpiece, and the elastic member 212 pushes the follower 213 and the vacuum chuck 31 to adjust the flexible envelope support surface;

[0102] S32: When the adjustment of the flexible envelope support surface is completed, the vacuum suction cup 31 is started to adsorb and fix the workpiece again. When the air pressure sensor sends a normal signal to the control module again, the control module controls the electromagnetic suction cup 221 to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate 222 again to form a rigid support surface, and then repeats steps S1 to S3 until the workpiece is processed.

[0103] Among them, in S31, the deformation compensation of the workpiece refers to that after the workpiece is deformed during processing, the control module releases the adsorption of the vacuum suction cup 31 and the workpiece and the adsorption of the electromagnetic suction cup 221 and the adsorption plate 222, so that the support mechanism is restored from a rigid support to a flexible support, and the processed workpiece releases the workpiece deformation under the fixed reference of the support mechanism, and the elastic part 212 undergoes elastic deformation to achieve a fine-tuning effect, thereby adaptively adjusting the envelope support surface under the action of the elastic part 212 and the deformation of the part, and re-locking it.

[0104] The normal signal means that when the vacuum suction cups 31 are all adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece, the air pressure value monitored by the air pressure sensor is within a preset normal range. When the signal is abnormal, it is necessary to repeat S1 to S3.

[0105] When the tooling module and processing method provided in this embodiment are used to support the workpiece to be processed, multiple parts to be supported can be selected on the workpiece, and multiple tooling units can be used to support the workpiece with high density.

[0106] Of course, the above embodiments are the best embodiments of this application, which are only used to illustrate the technical concept and features of this application, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of this application and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of this application. Any modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical solution of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled parts processing, characterized in that: At least one tooling unit is included, and the tooling unit includes: Pedestal; A support mechanism is installed on the base, the support mechanism includes a flexible support assembly, the flexible support assembly includes a driving member and a driven member, the driven member is connected to the driving member, and an elastic member is installed at the connection position; The support mechanism further includes a rigid support assembly, the rigid support assembly includes an electromagnetic suction cup and an adsorption plate, the adsorption plate is fixed on the base, the adsorption plate has a sliding space, one side of the electromagnetic suction cup is fixedly connected to the follower, and the other side abuts against the adsorption plate and is slidably located in the sliding space; The clamping mechanism is installed at the front end of the supporting mechanism.

2. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled parts processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driven member and the driving member are connected end to end, a cavity is formed at one end of the driven member facing the driving member, the front end of the driving member is inserted into the cavity, the elastic member is installed in the cavity, and a limiting member is fixed on the outer wall of the front end of the driving member; The cavity has a travel space therein, and the travel space is used for the driving member to move.

3. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled parts processing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The elastic member expands and contracts along the axial direction of the front end located in the cavity.

4. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled parts processing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A mounting groove is provided in the cavity, and one axial end of the elastic member is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

5. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled parts processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base comprises an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, wherein the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are fixedly connected, a bracket is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder body, and a guide plate is installed on the bracket along a horizontal direction.

6. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled workpiece processing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A hole is opened in the lower cylinder body to form a cylinder barrel, and the cylinder barrel passes through the upper cylinder body upward. The lower end of the driving member is inserted into the cylinder barrel and retracts in the cylinder barrel, and the upper end of the driving member is located above the upper cylinder body.

7. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled workpiece processing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The guide plate has at least one layer, and the guide plate is arranged in a vertical direction. A guide hole is opened on the guide plate corresponding to the cylinder, and the central axis of the guide hole is colinear with the central axis of the cylinder. The follower passes through the guide hole and is connected to the driving member.

8. The reconfigurable floating tooling module for thin-walled workpiece processing according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a vacuum suction cup and a connecting piece, wherein one axial end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the vacuum suction cup through a ball head, and the other end is connected to the top end of the driven piece; The vacuum suction cup has a top ball in the middle, and an air passage is provided inside the connecting piece, and the air passage runs through the vacuum suction cup from the inside of the top ball. The connecting piece is also provided with an air pipe joint, and the air pipe joint is communicated with the air passage; The top surface of the top ball is spherical, and the spherical surface of the top ball and the spherical surface of the ball head are arranged with the same spherical center; The vacuum suction cup is connected with an air pressure sensor.

9. An adaptive processing method for thin-walled workpieces, characterized in that: Using a reconfigurable floating tooling module for processing thin-walled parts according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1: Install and fix the workpiece; S11: installing the workpiece, placing the workpiece above the vacuum suction cup; S12: Control the driving member to move upward, and the driven member is simultaneously pushed upward, gradually approaching the workpiece, until the vacuum suction cup contacts the outer surface of the workpiece, the elastic member is compressed, and the clamping mechanism forms an enveloping support surface; S13: starting the vacuum suction cup to adsorb and fix the workpiece; S14: when the air pressure sensor of the vacuum suction cup sends a normal signal, the electromagnetic suction cup is started to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate; S2: milling the surface of the workpiece; S3: Compensating the workpiece for deformation: S31: during the machining process, the vacuum chuck and the electromagnetic chuck are controlled to be released, the workpiece is deformed and compensated, and the elastic member pushes the follower and the vacuum chuck to adjust the envelope support surface; S32: When the adjustment of the envelope support surface is completed, the vacuum suction cup is started to adsorb and fix the workpiece again. When the air pressure sensor of the vacuum suction cup sends a normal signal again, the electromagnetic suction cup is controlled to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate again, and then steps S1 to S3 are repeated until the workpiece is processed.

10. The method for adaptively processing a thin-walled workpiece according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving member is connected to an external power source, the power source is connected to a control module, the air pressure sensor is connected to the control module, the control module controls the adsorption and release of the vacuum suction cup, and the control module receives and processes the air pressure signal monitored by the air pressure sensor; When the air pressure sensor sends a normal signal to the control module, the control module starts the electromagnetic suction cup to be adsorbed on the adsorption plate; The normal signal means that when the vacuum suction cups are all adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece, the pressure value monitored by the air pressure sensor is within a preset normal range. When the signal is abnormal, it is necessary to repeat S1 to S3.

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