Propeller dynamic icing test system and test method under wind field condition

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aviation aircraft propeller icing testing, in particular to a propeller dynamic icing testing system and method under the wind field condition, and the testing system comprises an environment bin, a wind field system is arranged in the environment bin, a spraying system is arranged on the rear side of the wind field system, and a propeller rack is arranged in front of the wind field system. A propeller, a speed sensor and a vibration sensor are arranged on the propeller rack, a high-speed camera and a temperature control system are arranged on the inner wall of the environment bin, and a water collecting device is arranged below the propeller rack; a remote control system is arranged on the outer side of the environment bin. The test system and the test method are utilized to analyze the freezing process of propellers at different wind speeds and wind directions, and the influence of freezing of the propellers on key parameters such as rotating speed and vibration is comprehensively evaluated; through accurate control and data acquisition, detailed test methods and experimental data are provided, and optimal design of the propeller and formulation of anti-icing measures are supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of propeller icing testing for aircrafts, and in particular to a propeller dynamic icing testing system and a testing method under wind field conditions. Background Art

[0002] Propellers play a vital role in the flight of aircraft, especially in fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and drones. When propellers are operating in a low-temperature environment, water vapor in the air tends to condense on the propeller surface and form ice. This icing phenomenon not only increases the weight of the propeller, but also changes its aerodynamic characteristics, resulting in a decrease in thrust, and may even cause serious problems such as propeller failure. The icing problem poses a great threat to the safety and performance of aircraft. Therefore, it is particularly important to conduct in-depth research and testing on the icing characteristics of propellers.

[0003] At present, the existing icing test methods and equipment are mainly concentrated in static testing and simulated environment laboratories. These methods usually test the icing characteristics of materials and structures by creating different environments in the laboratory. However, this type of static test method cannot fully reflect the impact of dynamic airflow on the propeller icing behavior during flight. Secondly, the static environment cannot simulate the actual working state of the propeller in flight, and the reliability and practicality of the test results are limited. In addition, very few dynamic icing monitoring systems cannot take into account factors such as wind speed and wind direction, and thus ignore the impact of propeller icing on parameters such as speed, ice thickness and distribution under different wind field environments. Finally, when the splashing and shedding of water and ice cannot be collected during the test, it puts a test on a good test experimental environment.

[0004] In summary, in order to solve the impact of dynamic icing of propellers at different wind speeds and wind directions on the speed, vibration, ice thickness and distribution, it is urgent to develop a dynamic icing test system and test method for propellers under wind field conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that there is a lack of testing for dynamic icing of propellers in the prior art, the present invention provides a propeller dynamic icing testing system and testing method under wind field conditions. Through the system, the influence of dynamic icing of propellers on their performance under different wind field environments can be tested.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. According to a propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions proposed by the present invention, it includes an environmental chamber, a wind field system with adjustable wind direction and wind speed is provided in the environmental chamber, a spray system with adjustable spray speed and droplet diameter is provided at the rear of the wind field system, the wind field system is connected to a steering system for adjusting the direction of the wind field system, a propeller stand is provided in front of the wind field system, a propeller, a speed sensor and a vibration sensor for monitoring the propeller are rotatably arranged on the propeller stand, a high-speed camera facing the propeller, a temperature control system for adjusting the temperature of the environmental chamber is provided on the inner wall of the environmental chamber, and a water collection device is provided under the propeller stand; a remote control system is provided on the outside of the environmental chamber, and the remote control system is electrically connected to the spray system, the wind field system, the steering system, the temperature control system, the high-speed camera, the driving motor for driving the propeller, the speed sensor and the vibration sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the spray system includes a water pump, a water tank for storing water for spraying, a nozzle, a water outlet control valve, and a remote connector; the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, the water outlet is connected to the nozzle, the water outlet control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the water pump and the nozzle, and the remote connector is connected to the remote control system, the water pump, and the water outlet control valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the wind farm system includes a wind farm housing, a fan, a support rod, and a fan control button; the fan is fixed to the inside of the wind farm housing through the support rod; a plurality of front-to-back through chambers are arranged inside the wind farm housing, each chamber is provided with a fan, and a fan control button is arranged on the outer wall of the wind farm housing.

[0009] Furthermore, the wind farm housing is connected to a steering system.

[0010] Furthermore, the steering system includes a base, a magnetofluid drive shaft, an electromagnetic coil, a driving gear, a driven gear, a steering shaft, a central shaft, an intelligent control module, and a magnetofluid cavity; the magnetofluid drive shaft is rotatably arranged on the base, the magnetofluid drive shaft is sleeved with a magnetofluid cavity on the outer wall, a magnetofluid is arranged inside the magnetofluid cavity, and the intelligent control module is fixedly arranged on the base; the electromagnetic coil is fixedly arranged on both sides of the magnetofluid drive shaft, the driving gear is fixed on the magnetofluid drive shaft, and the driven gear is fixed on one end of the steering shaft; the central shaft is fixed to the other end of the steering shaft, and the central shaft is connected to the wind field casing of the wind field system.

[0011] Furthermore, the propeller stand includes a bracket, a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a control unit, an adjustment mechanism, and a drive motor; the control unit, the adjustment mechanism, the speed sensor, and the vibration sensor are arranged on the bracket; the propeller is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft of the drive motor, the drive motor is fixed on the adjustment mechanism, the drive motor, the speed sensor, the vibration sensor, and the adjustment mechanism are connected to the control unit, and the control unit is connected to the remote control system.

[0012] Furthermore, the water collection device includes a collecting trough, a heating device, a water collection device shell, and a discharge control valve; the water collection device shell is fixed to the bottom of the environmental chamber and is open upward, the collecting trough is composed of two symmetrical inclined plates and is arranged inside the water collection device shell, the heating device is located under the inclined plates, and the discharge control valve is placed at the bottom of the collecting trough and is connected to the outside of the environmental chamber.

[0013] A method for testing propeller dynamic icing under wind conditions comprises the following steps:

[0014] (1) Start the temperature control system and high-speed camera;

[0015] (2) When the temperature of the environmental chamber stabilizes at a set value below 0 degrees, the propeller gantry is controlled to operate, the drive motor is started, the propeller speed is controlled, and the speed sensor and vibration sensor are turned on for monitoring;

[0016] (3) Set the wind speed and direction and start the wind field system. After the wind speed stabilizes, control and start the spray system to start the test. The high-speed camera takes real-time photos of the propeller working conditions. The propeller icing process is recorded using the high-speed camera and the image data is transmitted to the remote control system.

[0017] (4) When the high-speed camera observes that the propeller is completely frozen, turn off the spray system, wind field system and propeller, adjust the temperature control system so that the temperature in the environmental chamber is above 0 degrees, and wait until all ice particles on the propeller melt and dry;

[0018] (5) Repeat the above steps (1) to (4), adjust the wind speed and wind direction and perform multiple tests;

[0019] (6) The remote control system analyzes the image data and sensor data, analyzes the icing sequence and process changes at different positions of the propeller, the specific effects of various wind speeds and wind directions on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller, and analyzes the amount of ice at different positions of the propeller after the icing is completed; analyzes and summarizes the effects of wind speed and wind direction on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller, and finds the wind speed and wind direction angles that produce the least impact.

[0020] (7) Based on the analysis in step (6), adjust the wind speed and wind direction to the wind speed with the least impact, and repeat steps (1) to (4);

[0021] (8) The remote control system is used to replay and observe the dynamic icing test process of the propeller under comprehensive wind field conditions. The remote control system performs process analysis on the image data and sensor data to estimate the impact of the dynamic icing process on the propeller performance under actual wind field conditions.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is beneficial in that:

[0023] (1) By introducing a wind field and a spray system into the environmental chamber, fixing the propeller stand, and changing external conditions such as the wind field, the dynamic icing process of the propeller under actual conditions can be more realistically simulated.

[0024] (2) The system can comprehensively evaluate the impact of propeller icing on key parameters such as rotation speed and vibration under different wind speed and direction conditions. Through precise control and data acquisition, it provides detailed test methods and experimental data to support the optimization design of propellers and the formulation of anti-icing measures.

[0025] (3) The system is designed to achieve ease of operation and high efficiency of testing. It can quickly complete the installation, debugging and testing process, reducing experimental time and human resource investment. At the same time, through the remote control module, the test process can be remotely monitored and adjusted, further improving operational convenience.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following specifically cites a preferred embodiment and describes it in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spray system;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the wind farm system;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle propeller stand;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water collection device;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the steering system;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the remote control system.

[0034] [Reference Signs]

[0035] 1-Environmental chamber, 2-Spray system, 3-Wind farm system, 4-High-speed camera, 5-Propeller stand, 6-Temperature control system, 7-Water collection device, 8-Remote control system, 9-Steering system, 201-Water pump, 202-Water tank, 203-Nozzle, 204-Water outlet control valve, 205-Remote connector, 301-Wind farm housing, 302-Fan blades, 303-Support rod, 304-Start switch, 501-Bracket, 502-Sensor System, 503-control unit, 504-adjusting mechanism, 505-driving motor, 506-propeller, 701-collecting tank, 702-heating device, 703-water collecting device housing, 704-discharge control valve, 901-base, 902-magnetic fluid driving shaft, 903-electromagnetic coil, 904-steering shaft, 905-center shaft, 906-driven gear, 907-driving gear, 908-intelligent control module, 909-magnetic fluid cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] An embodiment of a propeller dynamic icing test system under wind conditions of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 7As shown, it includes an environmental chamber 1, a spray system 2, a wind field system 3, a high-speed camera 4, a propeller stand 5, a temperature control system 6, a water collection device 7, a remote control system 8, and a steering system 9. The environmental chamber 1 is made of transparent glass and can be used for temperature control of the entire test environment to ensure the controllability and stability of the test environment; the spray system 2 is suspended behind the wind field system 3 to simulate the spraying of water droplets under condensation conditions. The spray system can adjust the diameter of the sprayed water droplets to facilitate the simulation of supercooled droplets in different states in the real environment; the wind field system 3 is placed in the environmental chamber 1 to simulate the changes in wind speed and wind direction in actual flight; the steering system 9 is connected to the wind field system 3, and mainly controls the steering of the wind field in the environmental chamber 1; the high-speed camera 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the environmental chamber 1, forming an angle of 60° with the inner wall, and facing the propeller The test stand 5 is convenient for monitoring the freezing process and ice shape changes of the propeller; the temperature control system 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the environmental chamber 1, and can provide a test environment temperature of 30°C to -30°C. The normal setting environment temperature for dynamic freezing of the propeller is -20°C; the water collection device 7 is placed at the bottom of the environmental chamber 1, and the water collection tank has a certain slope to collect water and ice generated during the test and keep the test environment clean; the propeller test stand 5 is fixed above the water collection device 7 and is located in front of the wind farm system 3, and is used to fix and drive the propeller to rotate; the remote control system 8 is placed outside the environmental chamber for remote control and monitoring of the entire test process.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the spray system 2 includes a water pump 201, a water tank 202, a nozzle 203, a water outlet control valve 204, and a remote connector 205; the water tank stores water for spraying, a water level sensor is arranged in the water tank 202, and is connected to an external water source through a pipeline, the water level in the water tank 202 is detected by the sensor, and whether to supply water to the water tank 202 is determined according to the water level; the water inlet of the water pump 201 is connected to the water tank 202, the water pump 201 extracts and delivers water to the nozzle 203, and the water tank 202 ensures that the spray system 2 sprays stably for a long time during the test; the water tank 202 and the water pump 201 are both located at the rear side of the nozzle 203, and the nozzle 203 is controlled by a plurality of The water outlet of the water pump 201 is connected to the water inlet of the nozzle 203 through a pipe to provide pressure for the spray; the control button of the water outlet control valve 204 and the remote connector 205 are installed on the side of the water tank, and the water outlet control valve 204 is set on the pipe between the water pump 201 and the nozzle 203, which can manually adjust the water flow rate and pressure, and then adjust the diameter and rate of the spray droplets. The remote connector 205 performs remote connection work and is connected to the remote control system 8, the water pump 201, and the water outlet control valve 204. The water pump 201 and the water outlet control valve 204 can be remotely controlled through the remote control system 8. A camera is set near the nozzle of the spray system 2 to take pictures of the droplets, and the picture data is transmitted to the remote control system 8 for analysis to obtain the diameter of the droplets.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the wind field system 3 includes a wind field housing 301, fan blades 302, a support rod 303, and a fan control button 304; six groups of fan blades 302 constitute a fan, and are fixed to the inside of the wind field housing 301 through the support rod 303; a plurality of chambers that are connected front and back are arranged inside the wind field housing 301. In this embodiment, four chambers are arranged in a horizontal row, and five horizontal rows are arranged vertically, with a total of 20 groups of fans, which can form parallel winds simulating nature in the environmental chamber 1; a fan control button 304 is arranged on the outer wall of the wind field housing 301, and all fans can be started and controlled at the same time; the fan group can also be connected to the remote control system 8, and the fan can be remotely started and the wind speed of the fan can be controlled. A wind sensor is arranged at the lower air outlet of the wind field system 3 for real-time monitoring of the wind speed and transmitting it to the remote control system 8. The spray system 2 is placed on the rear side of the wind field system 3, and the wind speed and wind direction of the wind field system 3 are used to change the speed and direction of the spray 2.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown, the steering system 9 includes a base 901, a magnetic fluid drive shaft 902, an electromagnetic coil 903, a driving gear 907, a driven gear 906, a steering shaft 904, a central shaft 905, an intelligent control module 908, and a magnetic fluid cavity 909; the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902 is rotatably arranged on the base 901, the outer wall of the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902 is sleeved with a magnetic fluid cavity 909, a magnetic fluid is arranged inside the magnetic fluid cavity 909, and the intelligent control module 908 is fixedly arranged on the base 901; the electromagnetic coil 903 is fixedly arranged on both sides of the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902, and when current passes through the electromagnetic coil 903, according to the right-hand screw rule, the electromagnetic coil 903 generates a magnetic field, the strength of which depends on the current of the coil and the number of turns of the coil. The magnetic field passes through the magnetic fluid cavity 909 and acts on the magnetic particles therein. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magnetic fluid are arranged along the direction of the magnetic lines of force, and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid increases significantly in a certain direction; as the magnetic fluid solidifies, a "viscous coupling" is formed between the drive shafts, and the external force generated can be transmitted to the drive shaft 902 through the magnetic fluid. The state conversion of the magnetic fluid is instantaneous, so the magnetic fluid drive has an extremely high response speed. The current size and direction of the electromagnetic coil 903 are controlled by the intelligent control module 908, and the two are connected by a cable. The intensity of the magnetic field can be controlled; the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902 is acted upon by the torque and starts to rotate; by controlling the intensity of the magnetic field, the viscosity and solidification degree of the magnetic fluid can be controlled, thereby affecting the rotation force and speed of the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902; when the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the magnetic field disappears, the magnetic fluid returns to its initial liquid state, the viscosity is greatly reduced, and the drive shaft returns to a state where it can rotate freely; the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902 drives the steering shaft 904 to swing through the gear system, the driving gear 907 is fixed on the magnetic fluid drive shaft 902, and the driven gear 906 is fixed on one end of the steering shaft 904, and the driving gear 907 cooperates with the driven gear 906 to The steering shaft 904 is swung; the other end of the steering shaft 904 is fixed with the central shaft 905, driven by the steering shaft 904, the central shaft 905 swings on the horizontal plane, the central shaft 905 is connected to the wind farm housing 301 of the wind farm system 3, and the wind farm system 3 is swung on the horizontal plane by the driving of the steering shaft 904, thereby realizing wind direction adjustment; the steering system 9 accurately controls the state of the magnetic fluid, thereby realizing high-precision motion control; the use of the magnetic fluid drive system can avoid the problem of low efficiency caused by heating due to long working time of the traditional steering system, and at the same time has a higher output power to solve the problem of accurate steering of the high-quality wind farm system 3. An angle sensor is set on the steering system 9 to detect whether the steering system 9 is rotated in place and transmit it to the remote control system 8.The steering system 9 controls the magnetic field through the electromagnetic coil to drive the steering shaft to rotate. This driving method is more precise and has a faster response speed than the traditional mechanical rotation system, and is suitable for application scenarios that require high precision and low maintenance. At the same time, it can solve the defect of low efficiency caused by the long working time of the traditional steering system causing the system to heat up; the highly integrated design reduces the use of independent components, making the system more compact and reliable, and reducing the impact on the simulated environment in the environmental chamber. In other embodiments of the present invention, other devices can also be used to drive the wind farm system 3 to swing on the horizontal plane, such as a motor.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the propeller stand 5 includes a bracket 501, a sensor 502, a control unit 503, an adjustment mechanism 504, and a drive motor 505; the control unit 503, the adjustment mechanism 504, and the sensor 502 are arranged on the bracket 501; a propeller 506 can be fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft of the drive motor 505, the drive motor 505 provides the power required for the propeller to rotate and controls its speed, the drive motor 505 is connected to the control unit 503, the control unit 503 controls the start, stop and speed adjustment of the drive motor 505, thereby controlling the propeller 506, and the control unit 503 can also collect and process the data of the sensor 502 The drive motor 505 is fixed on the adjustment mechanism 504, and the angle and height of the propeller 506 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 504 to simulate different operating conditions. The adjustment structure 504 can be a manual mechanism, and the height and angle of the drive motor 505 can be manually adjusted and fixed, or it can be adjusted by the control unit 503; the sensor 502 includes a speed sensor and a vibration sensor, which are used to monitor the working status of the propeller 506 in real time and transmit the data to the control unit 503 in real time; the control unit 503 is connected to the remote control system 8, which can realize the remote control of the propeller 506 and remotely receive the data of the sensor 502.

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, the water collecting device 7 includes a collecting tank 701, a heating device 702, a water collecting device shell 703, and a discharge control valve 704; the water collecting device shell 703 is fixed to the bottom of the environmental chamber 1 and opens upward, the collecting tank 701 is composed of two symmetrical inclined plates and is arranged inside the water collecting device shell 703, and the water or ice falling off the propeller 506 is collected to the bottom of the collecting tank 701; the heating device 702 is located under the inclined plate, which is used to melt the fallen ice, so that the ice can be collected after melting and avoid being attached to the inclined plate; the discharge control valve 704 is placed at the bottom of the collecting tank 701 and is connected to the outside of the environmental chamber 1. When the water at the bottom of the collecting tank 701 reaches a certain volume, the discharge control valve 704 can be opened for drainage treatment; a water level sensor can be arranged in the collecting tank 701, and the water level sensor and the discharge control valve 704 are connected to the remote control system 8. When the water level in the collecting tank 701 reaches a certain height, the remote control system 8 can control the discharge control valve 704 to open for discharge or recycling.

[0043] The high-speed camera 4 is connected to a data acquisition system, which is connected to a remote control system 8. The data acquisition system obtains the photos taken by the high-speed camera 4 and transmits them to the remote control system 8. The opening and closing of the high-speed camera 4 is controlled by the remote control system 8.

[0044] The temperature control system 6 is the same as the temperature control system used in the existing sealed space, such as the temperature control system of the ice storage, which will not be described in detail here. The set temperature of the temperature control system 6 is controlled by the remote control system 8. The temperature control system 6 includes a temperature sensor, which is connected to the data acquisition system to transmit temperature data to the remote control system 8.

[0045] The remote control system 8 integrates a control terminal and a data processing system, such as Figure 7 As shown, the control terminal is electrically connected to the temperature control system, the spray system, the wind field system, the propeller stand, the high-speed camera, and the steering system through the communication system and controls them, and the data acquisition system collects the data of the above systems and transmits them to the data processing system.

[0046] Based on the above-mentioned propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions, the present invention proposes a propeller dynamic icing test method under wind field conditions, and a specific embodiment includes the following steps:

[0047] Confirm that all equipment is well connected and the power supply is normal; ensure that the spray system is full of water; open the control terminal of the remote control system and enter the control software interface; start the temperature control system 6 and high-speed camera 4 for initial debugging.

[0048] After the temperature of the environmental chamber 1 stabilizes at -20°C, the propeller stand 5 is remotely controlled to operate, the drive motor 505 is started through the control unit 503, and the speed of the propeller 506 is set; the speed sensor and the vibration sensor are turned on for monitoring; the wind field system 3 is turned on by remote control to simulate actual flight conditions; after the wind speed stabilizes, the water pump 201 and the water outlet control valve 204 of the spray system are remotely controlled, the spray parameters (nozzle size, spray volume, etc.) of the spray system 2 are set to simulate condensation conditions, and the test is started. The high-speed camera 4 takes real-time photos of the working conditions of the propeller 506.

[0049] On the basis of the above operations, take the following measures:

[0050] (1) Align the center of the wind field system 3 with the center height of the propeller 506, and adjust the wind direction to be perpendicular to the propeller profile; adjust the wind speed of the wind field to V1, start the spray system 2 to start the test; use the high-speed camera 4 to record the icing process of the propeller 506, and the data acquisition system collects the icing distribution and icing amount of different positions (propeller tip, propeller root, leading edge, and trailing edge) of the propeller 506 in different time periods, and transmits the image data to the remote control system 8.

[0051] When the high-speed camera 4 observes that the propeller 506 is completely frozen, the initial test is completed, and the spray system 2, the wind field system 3 and the propeller rotation are turned off; the temperature control system 6 is adjusted so that the temperature in the environmental chamber is above 0 degrees, and all ice particles on the propeller are melted and dried; the water collection device 7 transports the water droplets during the test to the bottom through the water collection tank 701.

[0052] The propeller 506 is remotely controlled to rotate again for the next test, the wind speed of the wind field is adjusted to V2 and V3, and the spray system is started to start the icing test; the high-speed camera 4 is also used to record the propeller icing process, and the data acquisition system collects the icing distribution and icing amount at different positions of the propeller (propeller tip, propeller root, leading edge, and trailing edge) in different time periods, and transmits the image data to the remote control system 8.

[0053] The remote control system 8 performs process analysis on the image data and sensor data: when the wind speed is V1, V2, and V3, the freezing sequence and process changes at different positions of the propeller 506, and the specific impact of each wind speed on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller; when the freezing is completely completed, the amount of freezing at different positions of the propeller is estimated.

[0054] (2) Align the center of the wind field system 3 with the center height of the propeller 506, adjust the wind direction of the wind field to 15° to the left (take the direction perpendicular to the propeller section as 0°), adjust the wind speed to V1, start the spray system 2 to start the test; As in the above method (1), use a high-speed camera 4 to record the icing process of the propeller 506, and the data acquisition system collects the icing distribution and icing amount at different positions of the propeller (propeller tip, propeller root, leading edge, and trailing edge) in different time periods, and transmits the image data to the remote control system 8.

[0055] Similar to the above method (1), when the initial test is completed, the temperature control system 6 is adjusted to make the propeller surface dry; the wind direction of the wind field system is adjusted to 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° to the left, and 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° to the right, and the spray system 2 is started again to start the icing test.

[0056] After the test, the remote control system performs a process analysis on the image data and sensor data: when the wind direction is the above-mentioned angle, the icing sequence and process changes at different positions of the propeller 506, and the specific impact of each wind direction on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller; when the icing is completely completed, the amount of ice at different positions of the propeller 506 is estimated.

[0057] (3) The image data and sensor data of the above method (1) and method (2) are analyzed by the remote control system 8, and the effects of wind speed and wind direction on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller 506 are summarized, and the minimum influencing condition is found to be Vn and the wind direction angle.

[0058] Based on the above analysis, the wind field system 3 is aligned with the center height of the propeller 506, the wind speed is adjusted to Vn, the wind direction is adjusted to the angle with the least impact, and the spray system is started to start the test; as in the above method (1) and method (2), a high-speed camera 4 is used to record the icing process of the propeller 506, and the data acquisition system collects the icing distribution and icing amount at different positions (propeller tip, propeller root, leading edge, and trailing edge) of the propeller in different time periods, and transmits the image data to the remote control system 8.

[0059] When the high-speed camera 4 observes that the propeller 506 is completely frozen, the test ends; the spray system 3, the steering system 9, the wind field system 3, and the propeller stand 5 are turned off in sequence, and the temperature control system 6 is adjusted to increase the temperature of the environmental chamber 1. After the ice particles on the blades melt and fall off, the water collection device 7 transports the water droplets during the test to the bottom through the water collection tank, and finally cleans them up.

[0060] After the test, the high-speed camera 4 is used to replay and observe the propeller dynamic icing test process under comprehensive wind field conditions, and the remote control system 8 performs process analysis on the image data and sensor data to estimate the impact of the dynamic icing process on the performance of the propeller 506 (including speed and vibration) under actual wind field conditions.

[0061] The steps of the test method are summarized as follows:

[0062] (1) Start the temperature control system and high-speed camera;

[0063] (2) When the temperature of the environmental chamber stabilizes at a set value below 0 degrees, the propeller gantry is controlled to operate, the drive motor is started, the propeller speed is controlled, and the speed sensor and vibration sensor are turned on for monitoring;

[0064] (3) Set the wind speed and direction and start the wind field system. After the wind speed stabilizes, control and start the spray system to start the test. The high-speed camera takes real-time photos of the propeller working conditions. The propeller icing process is recorded using the high-speed camera and the image data is transmitted to the remote control system.

[0065] (4) When the high-speed camera observes that the propeller is completely frozen, turn off the spray system, wind field system and propeller, adjust the temperature control system so that the temperature in the environmental chamber is above 0 degrees, and wait until all ice particles on the propeller melt and dry;

[0066] (5) Repeat the above steps (1) to (4), adjust the wind speed and wind direction and perform multiple tests;

[0067] (6) The remote control system analyzes the image data and sensor data, analyzes the icing sequence and process changes at different positions of the propeller, the specific effects of various wind speeds and wind directions on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller, and analyzes the amount of ice at different positions of the propeller after the icing is completed; analyzes and summarizes the effects of wind speed and wind direction on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller, and finds the wind speed and wind direction angles that produce the least impact.

[0068] (7) Based on the analysis in step (6), adjust the wind speed and wind direction to the wind speed with the least impact, and repeat steps (1) to (4);

[0069] (8) The remote control system is used to replay and observe the propeller dynamic icing test process under comprehensive wind field conditions. The remote control system performs process analysis on the image data and sensor data to estimate the impact of the dynamic icing process on the propeller performance under actual wind field conditions.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions, comprising an environmental chamber, characterized in that: The environmental chamber is provided with a wind field system with adjustable wind direction and wind speed, a spray system with adjustable spray speed and droplet diameter is provided at the rear side of the wind field system, the wind field system is connected to a steering system for adjusting the direction of the wind field system, a propeller stand is provided in front of the wind field system, a propeller, a speed sensor and a vibration sensor for monitoring the propeller are rotatably arranged on the propeller stand, a high-speed camera facing the propeller and a temperature control system for adjusting the temperature of the environmental chamber are provided on the inner wall of the environmental chamber, and a water collection device is provided under the propeller stand; a remote control system is provided on the outside of the environmental chamber, and the remote control system is electrically connected to the spray system, the wind field system, the steering system, the temperature control system, the high-speed camera, a drive motor for driving the propeller, the speed sensor and the vibration sensor.

2. A propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray system includes a water pump, a water tank for storing water for spraying, a nozzle, a water outlet control valve, and a remote connector; the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, the water outlet is connected to the nozzle, the water outlet control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the water pump and the nozzle, and the remote connector is connected to the remote control system, the water pump, and the water outlet control valve.

3. The propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind farm system includes a wind farm housing, a fan, a support rod, and a fan control button; the fan is fixed to the inside of the wind farm housing through the support rod; a plurality of chambers that pass through the wind farm housing are arranged inside the wind farm housing, each chamber is provided with a fan, and a fan control button is arranged on the outer wall of the wind farm housing.

4. A propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wind farm housing is connected to a steering system.

5. A propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steering system includes a base, a magnetic fluid drive shaft, an electromagnetic coil, a driving gear, a driven gear, a steering shaft, a central shaft, an intelligent control module, and a magnetic fluid cavity; the magnetic fluid drive shaft is rotatably arranged on the base, the outer wall of the magnetic fluid drive shaft is sleeved with a magnetic fluid cavity, a magnetic fluid is arranged inside the magnetic fluid cavity, and the intelligent control module is fixedly arranged on the base; the electromagnetic coil is fixedly arranged on both sides of the magnetic fluid drive shaft, the driving gear is fixed on the magnetic fluid drive shaft, and the driven gear is fixed on one end of the steering shaft; the central shaft is fixed on the other end of the steering shaft, and the central shaft is connected to the wind field housing of the wind field system.

6. The propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propeller stand includes a bracket, a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a control unit, an adjustment mechanism, and a drive motor; the control unit, the adjustment mechanism, the speed sensor, and the vibration sensor are arranged on the bracket; the propeller is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft of the drive motor, the drive motor is fixed on the adjustment mechanism, the drive motor, the speed sensor, the vibration sensor, the adjustment mechanism are connected to the control unit, and the control unit is connected to the remote control system.

7. The propeller dynamic icing test system under wind field conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collecting device includes a collecting trough, a heating device, a water collecting device shell, and a discharge control valve; the water collecting device shell is fixed to the bottom of the environmental chamber and opens upward, the collecting trough is composed of two symmetrical inclined plates and is arranged inside the water collecting device shell, the heating device is located under the inclined plates, and the discharge control valve is placed at the bottom of the collecting trough and is connected to the outside of the environmental chamber.

8. A propeller dynamic icing test method under wind field conditions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Start the temperature control system and high-speed camera; (2) When the temperature of the environmental chamber stabilizes at a set value below 0 degrees, the propeller gantry is controlled to operate, the drive motor is started, the propeller speed is controlled, and the speed sensor and vibration sensor are turned on for monitoring; (3) Set the wind speed and direction and start the wind field system. After the wind speed stabilizes, control and start the spray system to start the test. The high-speed camera takes real-time photos of the propeller working conditions. The propeller icing process is recorded using the high-speed camera and the image data is transmitted to the remote control system. (4) When the high-speed camera observes that the propeller is completely frozen, turn off the spray system, wind field system and propeller, adjust the temperature control system so that the temperature in the environmental chamber is above 0 degrees, and wait until all ice particles on the propeller melt and dry; (5) Repeat the above steps (1) to (4), adjust the wind speed and wind direction and perform multiple tests; (6) The remote control system analyzes the image data and sensor data, analyzes the icing sequence and process changes at different positions of the propeller, the specific effects of various wind speeds and wind directions on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller, and analyzes the amount of ice at different positions of the propeller after the icing is completed; analyzes and summarizes the effects of wind speed and wind direction on the rotation speed and vibration of the propeller, and finds the wind speed and wind direction angles that produce the least impact. (7) Based on the analysis in step (6), adjust the wind speed and wind direction to the wind speed with the least impact, and repeat steps (1) to (4); (8) The remote control system is used to replay and observe the dynamic icing test process of the propeller under comprehensive wind field conditions. The remote control system performs process analysis on the image data and sensor data to estimate the impact of the dynamic icing process on the propeller performance under actual wind field conditions.

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