Resistance-increasing large-deformation anchor rod based on air bag pressure adjustment

Abstract

The resistance-increasing large-deformation anchor rod comprises a rod body of a hollow structure, the outer wall of the rod body is slidably sleeved with a tray, the outer wall of the rod body is slidably sleeved with a constraint sleeve, an annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the constraint sleeve, an annular air bag is placed on the inner wall of the annular groove, and the outer wall of the annular air bag is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. And the inner wall of the annular groove is slidably connected with a counter-force plate, the outer wall of the rod body is sleeved with a pre-tightening nut in a threaded mode, and a first guide cavity is formed in the outer wall of the pre-tightening nut. By arranging the constraint sleeve, the annular air bag, the counter-force plate, the pre-tightening nut, the first guide cavity, the air pipe, the electronic valve, the air pump, the second guide cavity, the fixing bolt and the butt joint hole, feedback adjustment is conducted according to data collected in real time, the anchor rod can generate a specific load displacement curve, the stability of an anchor rod system is overall improved, and the safety of the anchor rod system is improved. And the accident risk caused by the change of geological conditions is also greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of support equipment, and in particular to a resistance-enhanced large-deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation. Background Art

[0002] Anchor rods are widely used in shaft and tunnel support because of their high bearing capacity, good support effect, low cost, and simple installation process. Anchor rods are essentially a type of steel material, and their support effect is greatly limited by the mechanical properties of the steel material itself. For example, the application of high prestress in the early stage of anchor rod support and the realization of increased resistance deformation in the later stage of support are mutually restricted, making them difficult to apply in soft rock large deformation conditions. Based on this situation, engineers added a sliding device to the traditional anchor rod and designed a constant / increased resistance large deformation anchor rod for soft rock support. However, for traditional constant / increased resistance large deformation anchors, due to the lack of an effective pressure regulation system, their load-displacement curves are fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the working environment. They are insensitive to changes in geological conditions and other working conditions, which seriously affects the stability of the supported soft rock large deformation tunnels. When grouting the anchors, the depth of the anchor holes is large and the anchors cannot be fixed to the middle of the anchor holes, which makes the anchors easy to deflect during the grouting process, resulting in the force they are subjected to and the length direction of the anchors deflecting. Therefore, we propose an increased resistance large deformation anchor based on airbag pressure regulation to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose a drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation, comprising a rod body with a hollow structure, a sliding sleeve of the outer wall of the rod body being provided with a tray, a sliding sleeve of the outer wall of the rod body being provided with a constraint sleeve, an outer wall of the constraint sleeve being provided with an annular groove, an annular airbag being placed on the inner wall of the annular groove, a reaction plate being slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, a threaded sleeve of the outer wall of the rod body being provided with a pre-tightening nut, an outer wall of the pre-tightening nut being provided with a first guide chamber, an outer wall of the constraint sleeve being provided with an adjustment mechanism, two fixing bolts being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the constraint sleeve, and a positioning mechanism being provided on the outer wall of the rod body.

[0005] Preferably, the regulating mechanism includes an air pump, a through hole is opened on the outer wall of the restraint sleeve, an air pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole, one end of the air pipe is fixedly communicated with the outer wall of the annular airbag, an electronic valve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the air pipe, one end of the air pipe is fixedly communicated with the output end of the air pump, an existing air pressure sensor is installed on the outer wall of the air pipe, and the air pressure sensor and the electronic valve are electrically connected to a controller through an existing power connection line, wherein the existing air pressure sensor is usually realized by using a sensitive element and a conversion element, wherein the sensitive element directly senses the change in gas pressure and converts it into a measurable signal.

[0006] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes three arc-shaped support blocks, the outer wall of the rod body is provided with three arc-shaped grooves, the inner walls of the three arc-shaped grooves are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the three arc-shaped support blocks respectively, the outer wall of the arc-shaped support block is fixedly connected with an elastic sheet, one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove, the outer walls of the three arc-shaped support blocks are all fixedly connected with an inclined block, the inside of the rod body is fixedly connected with a round block, the outer wall of the round block is provided with a threaded hole, the inner wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a threaded rod, one end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a concave block, the outer wall of the concave block is provided with a square hole, the inner wall of the square hole is slidably connected with a square block, the outer wall of the square block is fixedly connected with a driving rod, and after the threaded rod moves and squeezes the three oblique blocks, the elastic force of the elastic sheet is overcome to cause the three arc-shaped support blocks to rotate, and the three arc-shaped support blocks expand to contact the inner wall of the anchor hole and center the rod body.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the annular airbag is distributed with folds, and the outer wall of the reaction plate is in contact with the outer wall of the annular airbag. The load will be transmitted to the position of the annular airbag in sequence through the pre-tightening nut and the reaction plate, thereby causing the folds of the annular airbag to close.

[0008] Preferably, a second guide chamber is opened on the outer wall of the reaction plate, and the first guide chamber and the second guide chamber are provided to provide space for the relative movement of the restraint sleeve caused by the deformation of the annular airbag due to the extrusion force.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the tray is provided with two docking holes, the inner walls of the two docking holes are slidably connected to the outer walls of the two fixing bolts respectively, and the restraining sleeve is limited on the tray by setting the docking holes and the fixing bolts.

[0010] Preferably, a circular hole is provided on the outer wall of the tray, and a plurality of flow channels are provided on the outer wall of the round block. The flow channels are provided to facilitate the flow of the slurry, and a slurry outflow hole can be preset on the rod body.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the threaded rod is in contact with the outer walls of the three inclined blocks, and the inclined blocks are driven to move by the threaded rod.

[0012] Preferably, the concave block and the driving rod are located inside the rod body, and the threaded rod is driven to rotate by arranging the concave block and the driving rod.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the pre-tightening nut contacts the outer wall of the reaction plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: This solution provides a restraining sleeve, an annular airbag, a reaction plate, a pre-tightening nut, a first guide chamber, an air pipe, an electronic valve, an air pump, a second guide chamber, a fixing bolt and a docking hole, and performs feedback adjustment according to the real-time collected data, so that the anchor can generate a specific load-displacement curve, which improves the stability of the anchor system as a whole and greatly reduces the accidental risks caused by changes in geological conditions; By arranging arc-shaped support blocks, elastic sheets, inclined blocks, round blocks, flow channels, threaded rods, concave blocks, square blocks and driving rods, the elastic force of the elastic sheets is overcome to make the three arc-shaped support block rods centered, and the tray is located in the middle of the anchor hole to ensure the centered position of the rod body and avoid tilting that affects subsequent use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the annular airbag, reaction plate and air pipe structure of a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an annular airbag of a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation proposed by the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. rod body; 2. tray; 3. restraint sleeve; 4. annular airbag; 5. reaction plate; 6. pre-tightening nut; 7. first guide chamber; 8. air pipe; 9. electronic valve; 10. air pump; 11. second guide chamber; 12. fixing bolt; 13. docking hole; 14. round hole; 15. arc-shaped support block; 16. elastic sheet; 17. oblique block; 18. round block; 19. flow channel; 20. threaded rod; 21. concave block; 22. square block; 23. driving rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Depend on Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation includes a rod body 1 with a hollow structure, the outer wall sliding sleeve of the rod body 1 is provided with a tray 2, and the tray 2 is subsequently fixed to the outer surface of the rock and soil by a pre-tightening nut 6 threaded connection, the outer wall sliding sleeve of the rod body 1 is provided with a constraint sleeve 3, the outer wall of the constraint sleeve 3 is provided with an annular groove, an annular airbag 4 is placed on the inner wall of the annular groove, the inner wall of the annular groove is slidably connected with a reaction plate 5, the outer wall of the annular airbag 4 is distributed with folds, and the outer wall of the reaction plate 5 is in contact with the outer wall of the annular airbag 4.

[0019] A pre-tightening nut 6 is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rod body 1, and the outer wall of the pre-tightening nut 6 is in contact with the outer wall of the reaction plate 5. The deformation of the surrounding rock will cause the traction 1 to deform under force, and the load will be transmitted to the position of the annular airbag 4 in sequence through the pre-tightening nut 6 and the reaction plate 5. The pre-tightening nut 6 is rotated to squeeze the reaction plate 5 and the constraint sleeve 3 onto the tray 2. A first guide chamber 7 is provided on the outer wall of the pre-tightening nut 6. Two fixing bolts 12 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the constraint sleeve 3. Two docking holes 13 are provided on the outer wall of the tray 2. The inner walls of the two docking holes 13 are slidably connected to the outer walls of the two fixing bolts 12 respectively. The two fixing bolts 12 on the constraint sleeve 3 slide into the two docking holes 13 to fix the constraint sleeve 3 on the tray 2 to prevent it from rotating relative to the tray 2.

[0020] An outer wall of the constraint sleeve 3 is provided with an adjustment mechanism, which includes an air pump 10. When the air pump 10 is operated, gas is injected into the annular airbag 4 through the air pipe 8 until the air pressure reaches a predetermined value. A second guide chamber 11 is provided on the outer wall of the reaction plate 5. A through hole is provided on the outer wall of the constraint sleeve 3, and the air pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole.

[0021] One end of the trachea 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular airbag 4, and an electronic valve 9 and an air pressure sensor are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the trachea 8. The air pressure sensor is usually realized by using sensitive elements and conversion elements, wherein the sensitive elements directly sense the changes in gas pressure and convert them into measurable signals. The electronic valve 9 is opened and closed by an existing controller, and one end of the trachea 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the air pump 10.

[0022] A positioning mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the rod body 1, and the positioning mechanism includes three arc-shaped support blocks 15. Three arc-shaped grooves are opened on the outer wall of the rod body 1. The inner walls of the three arc-shaped grooves are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the three arc-shaped support blocks 15 respectively. The arc-shaped support blocks 15 rotate through the arc-shaped grooves. The outer wall of the arc-shaped support block 15 is fixedly connected with an elastic sheet 16. One end of the elastic sheet 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove. The elastic sheet 16 fixes the arc-shaped support block 15 in the arc-shaped groove through its own elastic force, so that the rod body can slide into the anchor hole conveniently.

[0023] The outer walls of the three arc-shaped support blocks 15 are fixedly connected with inclined blocks 17, and the three arc-shaped support blocks 15 are rotated through the inclined blocks 17, and the rotation angle is adjustable. The inside of the rod body 1 is fixedly connected with a round block 18, and the outer wall of the tray 2 is provided with a circular hole 14, and the outer wall of the round block 18 is provided with multiple flow channels 19, which facilitate the flow of slurry into the anchor hole.

[0024] A threaded hole is provided on the outer wall of the round block 18, and a threaded rod 20 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded hole. The threaded rod 20 rotates on the round block 18 through the threaded hole. One end of the threaded rod 20 contacts the outer walls of the three inclined blocks 17. When the threaded rod 20 moves, the end position is squeezed onto the outer walls of the three inclined blocks 17. Due to the inclined surface of the inclined block 17, the inclined block 17 drives the arc support block 15 to rotate. One end of the threaded rod 20 is fixedly connected to a concave block 21, and a square hole is provided on the outer wall of the concave block 21. A square block 22 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the square hole. A driving rod 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square block 22. The block 22 slides into the square hole on the driving rod 23, which is convenient for the subsequent rotation of the threaded rod 20. The concave block 21 and the driving rod 23 are located inside the rod body 1.

[0025] Working principle: when in use, when the rod body 1 is inserted into the anchor hole, the driving rod 23 is slid into the rod body 1, and the block 22 above the driving rod 23 slides into the square hole, which is convenient for the subsequent rotation of the threaded rod 20. When the rod body 1 and the three arc-shaped support blocks 15 are located at the bottom inner wall of the anchor hole, the driving rod 23 is rotated to make the concave block 21 drive the threaded rod 20 to rotate, and the threaded rod 20 rotates and moves through the threaded connection of the round block 18. After the threaded rod 20 moves and squeezes the three inclined blocks 17, the elastic force of the elastic sheet 16 is overcome to rotate the three arc-shaped support blocks 15. The three arc-shaped support blocks 15 expand and contact the inner wall of the anchor hole and center the rod body 1. The pre-tightening nut 6 is rotated to squeeze the reaction plate 5 and the constraint sleeve 3 onto the tray 2. The tray 2 moves on the rod body 1 through the round hole 14, and the tray 2 is fixed. It is fixed on the outer layer of rock and soil so that the tray 2 is located in the middle of the anchor hole entrance. After the subsequent grouting, the rod body is in the center position to avoid tilting and affecting the subsequent use; the air pump 10 is operated to inject gas into the annular airbag 4 through the air pipe 8 until the air pressure reaches a predetermined value; thereafter, the deformation of the surrounding rock will cause the traction 1 to deform under force, and the load will be transmitted to the position of the annular airbag 4 in sequence through the pre-tightening nut 6 and the reaction plate 5, thereby causing the annular airbag 4 to fold and close, and to be squeezed and deformed along the axial direction of the rod body 1. The pressure data changes in the annular airbag 4 are collected through the existing controller to analyze the displacement and load change trends of the rod body 1, and the air pump 10 and the electronic valve 9 are used to increase or decrease the air pressure in the annular airbag 4 according to the input program to achieve a specific resistance increase and deformation effect of the rod body 1.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of this embodiment, but the protection scope of this embodiment is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of this embodiment within the technical scope disclosed in this embodiment, and they should be covered by the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A drag-enhancing large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation, comprising a rod body (1) with a hollow structure, characterized in that: The outer wall sliding sleeve of the rod body (1) is provided with a tray (2), the outer wall sliding sleeve of the rod body (1) is provided with a constraint sleeve (3), the outer wall of the constraint sleeve (3) is provided with an annular groove, the inner wall of the annular groove is provided with an annular airbag (4), the inner wall of the annular groove is slidably connected with a reaction plate (5), the outer wall of the rod body (1) is threadedly provided with a pre-tightening nut (6), the outer wall of the pre-tightening nut (6) is provided with a first guide chamber (7), the outer wall of the constraint sleeve (3) is provided with an adjustment mechanism, the outer wall of the constraint sleeve (3) is fixedly connected with two fixing bolts (12), and the outer wall of the rod body (1) is provided with a positioning mechanism.

2. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism comprises an air pump (10); a through hole is formed on the outer wall of the restraining sleeve (3); an air pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole; one end of the air pipe (8) is fixedly communicated with the outer wall of the annular air bag (4); an electronic valve (9) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the air pipe (8); and one end of the air pipe (8) is fixedly communicated with the output end of the air pump (10).

3. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism comprises three arc-shaped support blocks (15), the outer wall of the rod body (1) is provided with three arc-shaped grooves, the inner walls of the three arc-shaped grooves are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the three arc-shaped support blocks (15), the outer wall of the arc-shaped support block (15) is fixedly connected with an elastic sheet (16), one end of the elastic sheet (16) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove, the outer walls of the three arc-shaped support blocks (15) are all fixedly connected with an inclined block (17), the inside of the rod body (1) is fixedly connected with a round block (18), the outer wall of the round block (18) is provided with a threaded hole, the inner wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a threaded rod (20), one end of the threaded rod (20) is fixedly connected with a concave block (21), the outer wall of the concave block (21) is provided with a square hole, the inner wall of the square hole is slidably connected with a square block (22), and the outer wall of the square block (22) is fixedly connected with a driving rod (23).

4. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular airbag (4) is distributed with folds, and the outer wall of the reaction plate (5) is in contact with the outer wall of the annular airbag (4).

5. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide chamber (11) is formed on the outer wall of the reaction plate (5).

6. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the tray (2) is provided with two docking holes (13), and the inner walls of the two docking holes (13) are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the two fixing bolts (12).

7. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the tray (2) is provided with a circular hole (14), and the outer wall of the round block (18) is provided with a plurality of flow channels (19).

8. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the threaded rod (20) contacts the outer walls of the three inclined blocks (17).

9. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concave block (21) and the driving rod (23) are located inside the rod body (1).

10. The drag-enhanced large deformation anchor rod based on airbag pressure regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pre-tightening nut (6) contacts the outer wall of the reaction plate (5).

Images