A retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a pressure pump

Abstract

This invention relates to a retractable impeller structure that functions as both a pump and a compressor, comprising a shaft, small blades, an impeller, a tension spring, and a bladeless diffuser. The impeller includes a main body structure and several large blades. The large blades are positioned on the front of the main body structure, while an impeller backing is mounted on the back. The impeller main body structure has several grooves, each corresponding to a large blade. A small blade slides along one of these grooves and is connected to the impeller backing via a tension spring. A boss is provided on the small blade, and a groove mates with the boss on the trailing edge of the large blade. When the shaft speed is high, the centrifugal force on the small blade exceeds the tension of the tension spring, causing the small blade to fully extend from the impeller, allowing it to function as a compressor. This retractable impeller structure, which combines the functions of a pump and a compressor, integrates these functions into a single device, enabling both gas pressurization and liquid energy enhancement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of centrifugal compressors and relates to a retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a compressor. Background Technology

[0002] A pump is a machine that transfers mechanical energy from a prime mover or other external energy to a liquid, increasing the liquid's energy. A compressor is a driven fluid machine that raises low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas. Purchasing both a pump and a compressor separately is costly; combining their functions into a single device would reduce costs.

[0003] Currently, there are no studies on impeller structures for centrifugal compressors that can function as both pumps and compressors. Due to the significant differences in physical properties between liquids and gases, designing impellers for centrifugal compressors that can function as both pumps and compressors is obviously more challenging than designing impellers for centrifugal compressors using a single working fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a compressor, combining the functions of a pump and a compressor into one device, which can both pressurize gas and increase the energy of liquid.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is:

[0006] This invention proposes a retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a pressure pump, and its special feature is:

[0007] It includes a rotating shaft, small blades, impeller, tension spring, and bladeless diffuser; the impeller includes a main structure and several large blades, with the large blades located on the front of the main structure and the impeller back body installed at the center of the back of the main structure;

[0008] The rotating shaft passes through the bladeless diffuser and is fixed to the impeller. The bottom surface of the main structure is opposite to the bladeless diffuser. The impeller main structure has a cavity with several grooves inside. Each groove corresponds to a large blade, and their extension directions are opposite. A small blade slides on each groove and is connected to the impeller back body by a tension spring. The upper part of the small blade near the rotating shaft has a boss, and the trailing edge of the large blade of the impeller has a groove that mates with the boss. The boss and the groove cooperate to limit the small blade and ensure that the small blade will not detach from the impeller even under high speed conditions. The tension spring needs to be selected with an appropriate length and elastic coefficient to ensure that the small blade can be fully extended when used as a compressor and can be completely hidden inside the impeller when used as a centrifugal pump.

[0009] When the shaft speed is low, the small blades are held inside the impeller body by the tension of the spring, and can work as a pump; when the shaft speed is high, the centrifugal force on the small blades is greater than the tension of the spring, and the small blades extend completely out of the impeller, and can work as a compressor.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a volute, wherein the upper part of the small blade is provided with a curved surface that matches the curved surface of the inner wall of the volute.

[0011] Furthermore, each groove in the internal cavity of the impeller main body structure consists of an upper groove and a lower groove, which are respectively located on the upper and lower walls of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, both the impeller back body and the root of the blades are provided with tension spring hooks for fixing with tension springs.

[0013] Furthermore, the small blade has protrusions on both sides that are flush with the trailing edge of the blade.

[0014] Furthermore, the bladeless diffuser has a groove at its center, and the back of the impeller main body structure and the impeller back body are located in the groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating shaft has a step, and the impeller back body is mounted on the step.

[0016] Furthermore, the impeller has a through hole at its center, a groove around one end of the through hole, and a secondary step on the shaft. The impeller is mounted on the secondary step via the groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is fixed with a nut after passing through the through hole in the center of the impeller.

[0018] Advantages of this invention:

[0019] The retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a compressor is provided by this invention. The overall structure is simple and combines the functions of a pump and a compressor into one device. It can both pressurize gas and increase the energy of liquid, thus reducing costs by combining the functions of both into one device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the retractable impeller in its stretched state;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the retractable impeller in a compressed state;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the small blade of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the impeller;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the impeller without the impeller backing;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the blades and the impeller body;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the impeller.

[0027] In the diagram, 1. volute; 2. bladeless diffuser; 3. small blade; 4. impeller; 5. tension spring; 6. impeller back; 7. shaft; 8. large blade; 9. boss; 10. slot. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0029] See Figures 1 to 7 A retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a pressure pump includes a rotating shaft 7, small blades 3, an impeller 4, a tension spring 5, and a bladeless diffuser 2.

[0030] See Figure 4 The impeller 4 includes a main structure and several large blades 8, with the large blades 8 positioned on the front of the main structure. The rotating shaft 7 passes through the bladeless diffuser 2 and is then fixed to the impeller 4. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bladeless diffuser 2 is located at the outlet of the large blade 8. The back surface of the impeller 4 main structure is opposite to the bladeless diffuser 2.

[0031] See Figure 5 and Figure 7 The main structure has an internal cavity with several sliding grooves radiating outward from the center. Each groove corresponds to a large blade 8, and their extending directions are opposite. A small blade 3 slides on each groove, and the small blade 3 is connected to the rotating shaft 7 via a tension spring 5. See also Figure 3 and Figure 6The small blade 3 has a boss 9 at its upper end near the shaft. The trailing edge of the large blade of the impeller 4 has a groove 10 that mates with the boss 9. The boss 9 and the groove 10 cooperate to limit the movement of the small blade 3, ensuring that the small blade will not detach from the impeller even at high speeds. When the shaft 7 rotates at a low speed, the small blade 3 is held inside the main structure of the impeller 4 by the tension of the spring 5, and can function as a pump. When the shaft 7 rotates at a high speed, the centrifugal force on the small blade 3 is greater than the tension of the spring 5, and the small blade 3 extends completely from inside the impeller, allowing it to function as a compressor. The small boss 9 at the root of the small blade ensures that the small blade will not detach from the impeller. The tension spring 5 needs to be selected with an appropriate length and elastic coefficient to ensure that the small blade can extend completely when used as a compressor, and can be completely hidden inside the impeller when used as a centrifugal pump.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The above-mentioned retractable impeller structure for both pump and compressor use also includes a volute. The upper part of the small blade 3 is provided with a curved surface, which matches the curved surface of the inner wall of the volute.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned retractable impeller structure, which serves as both a pump and a compressor, adopts a split design. The rotating shaft 7 passes through the impeller back body 6. Each groove in the internal cavity of the main structure consists of an upper groove and a lower groove, which are respectively located on the upper and lower walls of the cavity. A lower groove is also provided on the impeller back body 6. The impeller back body with a tension spring hook is separate from the impeller, leaving sufficient space in the inlet area of ​​the groove inside the impeller for small blades to be installed into the groove. The impeller back body 6 is fixed to the main structure of the impeller with screws.

[0034] Specifically, see Figure 1 The impeller back body 6 and the root of the small blade 3 are both provided with tension spring hooks for fixing with tension spring 5.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the small blade 3 is flush with the trailing edge of the blade on both sides of the boss 9.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bladeless diffuser 2 has a groove at its center, and the back of the impeller main body structure and the impeller back body 6 are located within the groove. During high-speed operation, the small blades extend and occupy part of the space in the diffuser; therefore, the diffuser is a bladeless diffuser.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 5 The impeller 4 has a through hole at its center, and a groove is provided around one end of the through hole. The rotating shaft has a first-level step and a second-level step (see...). Figure 1The impeller back body 6 is installed on the first-level step, and the impeller 4 is installed on the second-level step through a sink groove.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see [link to previous document]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rotating shaft passes through the through hole in the center of the impeller 4 and is then fixed with a nut.

[0039] The working principle of the retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump provided by this invention is as follows:

[0040] Reference Figure 4 When the retractable impeller is used as a centrifugal compressor, the shaft speed is relatively high. Under the action of centrifugal force, the tension spring 5 connecting the impeller 4 and the small blades 3 is stretched, and the small blades 3 extend completely from the impeller 4 into the bladeless diffuser 2 area. The incoming gas passes through the stretched impeller, then flows into the bladeless diffuser 2, and finally flows out from the volute 1, thus achieving gas compression.

[0041] refer to Figure 5 When the retractable impeller is used as a centrifugal pump, the shaft speed is low. Due to the smaller centrifugal force, the tension spring 5 connecting the impeller 4 and the small blades 3 has a smaller extension, and the small blades 3 remain inside the impeller 4. The incoming liquid passes through the impeller in a compressed state, then flows into the bladeless diffuser 2, and finally flows out from the volute 1, thus achieving liquid pressurization.

[0042] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related system fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable impeller structure that can be used as both a pump and a pressure pump, characterized in that: It includes a rotating shaft (7), small blades (3), impeller (4), tension spring (5), and bladeless diffuser (2); The impeller (4) includes a main structure and several large blades (8). The large blades (8) are set on the front of the main structure, and the impeller back body (6) is installed at the center of the back of the main structure. After passing through the bladeless diffuser (2), the rotating shaft (7) is fixed to the impeller (4). The back of the main structure is opposite to the bladeless diffuser (2). The main structure has a cavity inside, and several sliding grooves are provided inside the cavity. Each sliding groove corresponds to a large blade (8), and the extension directions of the two are opposite. A small blade (3) slides on each sliding groove. The small blade (3) is connected to the impeller back body (6) through a tension spring (5). The upper part of the small blade (3) near the rotating shaft has a boss (9). The tail edge of the large blade has a slot (10) that cooperates with the boss (9). The boss (9) and the slot (10) cooperate with each other to limit the small blade (3) and ensure that the small blade will not detach from the impeller even under high speed conditions. When the speed of the rotating shaft (7) is low, the small blade (3) is held inside the main structure of the impeller (4) by the tension of the spring (5) and can work as a pump; when the speed of the rotating shaft (7) is high, the centrifugal force on the small blade (3) is greater than the tension of the spring (5), and the small blade (3) extends completely out of the impeller and can work as a compressor.

2. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a volute, wherein the upper part of the small blade (3) is provided with a curved surface that matches the curved surface of the inner wall of the volute.

3. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Each groove in the internal cavity of the main structure consists of an upper groove and a lower groove, which are respectively located on the upper and lower walls of the cavity.

4. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The impeller back body (6) and the root of the blade (3) are both provided with tension spring hooks for fixing with tension springs (5).

5. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The small blade (3) is flush with the trailing edge of the large blade (8) on both sides of the boss (9).

6. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The bladeless diffuser (2) has a groove in the center, and the back of the impeller body structure and the impeller back body (6) are located in the groove.

7. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (7) is provided with a first step, and the impeller back body (6) is installed on the first step.

8. The retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The impeller (4) has a through hole at its center and a groove around one end of the through hole. The shaft (7) also has a secondary step, and the impeller (4) is mounted on the secondary step through the groove.

9. A retractable impeller structure for both pump and pressure pump use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (7) is fixed with a nut after passing through the through hole in the center of the impeller (4).

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