A new type of multi-stage hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic cylinders, and in particular to a novel multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel, a sleeve, a retractable unit, a piston rod, a pushing unit, an opening and closing unit, a push plate, a cleaning unit and a connecting unit. The present invention ensures that the sleeve and the piston rod can be extended step by step through the mutual cooperation between the card block and the card slot in the pushing unit. On the other hand, when the two are extended to the maximum, the two are locked by the card slot and the card block, so as to reduce the pressure on each valve in the hydraulic system and avoid as much as possible the situation where the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder loses its supporting force after long-term support. When the sleeve and the piston rod are retracted, the slider in the cleaning unit slides along the threaded groove, which drives the two to rotate synchronously, first collecting impurities on the side walls of the two in the inclined groove on the outer wall of the left collection seat, and then pushing the impurities in the inclined groove into the collection tank through the L-shaped scraper, so as to achieve the cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic cylinders, in particular to a novel multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. Background Art

[0002] A multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is a special type of hydraulic actuator, mainly used in applications where a long stroke is required but the installation space is limited. The characteristic of this hydraulic cylinder is that it can achieve a long extension distance in a small installation space, and the required working stroke is achieved by gradually extending or retracting multiple piston rods with different diameters.

[0003] The current multi-stage hydraulic cylinder has the following problems when in use: when the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder supports heavy objects, the pressure on each valve in the hydraulic system is relatively large. If the support time is long, it is easy to cause internal leakage of the valve, resulting in the inability to maintain the system pressure, and then the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder loses its supporting force; the piston rod or sleeve in the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is easily contaminated by impurities in the air during the retraction process. Long-term accumulation will make the oil flow unstable, causing the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder to shake; at the same time, when the weight carried on the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder suddenly changes, it will also cause the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder to be unable to adapt quickly and produce shaking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a new multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, including a cylinder barrel and a sleeve, both of which are cylindrical cavity structures, and the sleeve is slidably connected to the left end of the cylinder barrel. The cylinder barrel and the sleeve are jointly provided with a retracting and extending unit, the left end of the sleeve is slidably connected to the piston rod, and the right ends of the piston rod and the sleeve are both connected to the pushing unit.

[0005] The pushing unit connected to the right end of the sleeve includes a pushing piece, which is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve. A circular groove is opened on the left and right sides of the No. 2 pushing piece, and a connecting rod is arranged in the circular groove. The side walls of the pushing piece are symmetrically provided with rectangular grooves, and the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with a clamping groove corresponding to the rectangular groove. A clamping block is connected in a sliding fit in the rectangular groove, and the end of the clamping block close to the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the No. 1 hinge seat, and the side wall of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the No. 2 hinge seat corresponding to the No. 1 hinge seat. A rectangular frame is hinged between the corresponding No. 1 hinge seat and No. 2 hinge seat. The pushing unit connected to the right end of the piston rod has the same structure as the pushing unit connected to the right end of the sleeve.

[0006] The connecting rod in the cylinder is connected to the opening and closing unit, the right end of the connecting rod in the sleeve is rotatably connected to the push plate, the sleeve and the piston rod are both connected to the cleaning unit, the side wall of the push plate is fixedly connected to a blocking block that cooperates with the cleaning unit, and the left end of the piston rod is connected to the connecting unit.

[0007] Preferably, the retraction and extension unit includes a No. 1 oil port, which is formed through the side wall of the cylinder and on the right end, and a No. 2 oil port is fixedly formed on the side wall of the cylinder and on the left end, and an oil delivery groove is formed in the sleeve, the right end of the oil delivery groove cooperates with the No. 2 oil port, and the left end of the oil delivery groove is connected with the cavity in the sleeve, a cylindrical groove is formed on the right end face of the piston rod, and an oil port connected to the cylindrical groove is formed on the side wall of the piston rod.

[0008] Preferably, the opening and closing unit includes a No. 1 sealing plate, which is located in the sleeve cavity and fixedly connected to the push piece. The No. 1 sealing plate is provided with through grooves that match the circular grooves on the left and right sides. The left end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the No. 2 sealing plate. The left end faces of the No. 1 sealing plate and the No. 2 sealing plate are uniformly provided with multiple fan-shaped notches along the circumferential direction, and the fan-shaped notches on the No. 1 sealing plate and the No. 2 sealing plate are staggered. The right end of the connecting rod is connected to a retaining assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the retaining assembly includes a circular plate, which is fixedly connected to the right end of the linkage rod, and the circular plate and the push member are fixedly connected via a connecting spring.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning unit connected to the sleeve includes a collecting seat, which is rotatably sleeved on the right end of the sleeve. The collecting seat and the cylinder are fixedly connected by a torsion spring. The left end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to a scraping seat, and a decontamination component is commonly provided on the collecting seat and the scraping seat.

[0011] Preferably, the decontamination component includes a chute, and the side wall of the collecting seat is evenly provided with a plurality of chutees along the circumference, the right ends of the chute are commonly connected with an annular groove, the right end surface of the scraping seat is evenly fixedly connected with a plurality of elastic scrapers along the circumference, and the pushing member in the cylinder is connected with a rotating module that cooperates with the scraping seat.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating module includes a spiral groove, a spiral groove is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder, a slider is fixedly connected to the side wall of the push member, the slider is slidingly fitted in the spiral groove, and the slider and the spiral groove are sealed, the cleaning unit connected to the piston rod has the same structure as the cleaning unit connected to the sleeve, and the sealing block is slidingly fitted in the spiral groove.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting unit includes a connecting cylinder, which is a cylindrical cavity structure. The right end of the connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston rod. The left end of the connecting cylinder is slidably connected to a sliding rod. The left end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. The connecting plate and the sliding rod are jointly connected to a shock absorbing assembly. The left end surface of the connecting plate and the right end of the cylinder are both fixedly connected to a connecting piece.

[0014] Preferably, the shock-absorbing assembly includes an annular plate, and the side wall of the connecting cylinder is fixedly sleeved with the annular plate. The annular plate and the connecting plate are fixedly connected via a shock-absorbing spring.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention ensures that the sleeve and the piston rod can be extended step by step through the mutual cooperation between the block and the slot in the pushing unit and the opening and closing unit. On the other hand, when the two are extended to the maximum, the block enters the slot to lock the two, so as to reduce the pressure on each valve in the hydraulic system and avoid as much as possible the loss of supporting force caused by leakage of hydraulic oil in the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder after long-term support.

[0016] 2. During the contraction process of the piston rod or sleeve of the present invention, the slider in the cleaning unit slides along the threaded groove, which drives the piston rod or sleeve to rotate while contracting, thereby collecting impurities contaminated on the side wall in the inclined groove on the outer wall of the collecting seat. In the final stage of contraction, the elastic scraper will enter the corresponding inclined groove and drive the collecting seat to rotate synchronously by a certain angle during the sliding process along the inclined groove. On the one hand, the torsion spring will twist and accumulate force, and on the other hand, the impurities in the inclined groove will be pushed into the collecting groove. After the elastic scraper is separated from the inclined groove, the collecting seat is driven by the torsion spring to rotate and reset rapidly and generate centrifugal force, so that the impurities are separated from the collecting groove, thereby achieving the cleaning effect.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, the left connecting piece is connected to the heavy object. When the gravity of the heavy object suddenly decreases or increases, the shock-absorbing spring will correspondingly extend or be further compressed, and the sliding rod will slide to the left or right relative to the sleeve to absorb the vibration, thereby avoiding the external force being transmitted to the piston rod and causing the piston rod to shake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a novel multi-stage hydraulic cylinder of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This invention Figure 1 Top view of .

[0021] Figure 3 This is the present invention. This is the present invention. Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of AA in the figure.

[0022] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a novel multi-stage hydraulic cylinder of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the left side pushing unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 This invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0026] Figure 8 This invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Cylinder; 2. Sleeve; 3. Retractable unit; 31. Oil port No. 1; 32. Oil port No. 2; 33. Oil delivery groove; 34. Columnar groove; 35. Oil through port; 4. Piston rod; 5. Push unit; 51. Push member; 52. Circular groove; 53. Linking rod; 54. Rectangular groove; 55. Clamping groove; 56. Clamping block; 57. Articulated seat No. 1; 58. Articulated seat No. 2; 59. Rectangular frame; 6. Opening and closing unit; 61. Closing plate No. 1; 62. Through groove; 63. Closing plate No. 2; 64. Sector-shaped notch; 65. Holding assembly; 651. Circular plate; 652. Connecting spring; 7. Push plate; 71. Sealing block; 8. Cleaning unit; 81. Collecting seat; 82. Torsion spring; 83. Scraping seat; 84. Decontamination assembly; 841. Inclined groove; 842. Annular groove; 843. Elastic scraper; 844. Rotating module; 8441. Spiral groove; 8442. Slider; 9. Connecting unit; 91. Connecting cylinder; 92. Sliding rod; 93. Connecting plate; 95. Connecting piece; 941. Annular plate; 942. Shock-absorbing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 A new type of multi-stage hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder barrel 1 and a sleeve 2. Both the cylinder barrel 1 and the sleeve 2 are cylindrical cavity structures. The sleeve 2 is slidably connected to the left end of the cylinder barrel 1. The cylinder barrel 1 and the sleeve 2 are jointly provided with a retracting unit 3. The left end of the sleeve 2 is slidably connected to the piston rod 4. The right ends of the piston rod 4 and the sleeve 2 are both connected to the pushing unit 5.

[0030] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The retracting and extending unit 3 includes a No. 1 oil port 31, a No. 1 oil port 31 is formed through the side wall of the cylinder 1 and on the right end, a No. 2 oil port 32 is fixedly formed on the side wall of the cylinder 1 and on the left end, an oil delivery groove 33 is formed in the sleeve 2, the right end of the oil delivery groove 33 cooperates with the No. 2 oil port 32, and the left end of the oil delivery groove 33 is connected to the cavity in the sleeve 2, a cylindrical groove 34 is formed on the right end face of the piston rod 4, and an oil port 35 connected to the cylindrical groove 34 is formed on the side wall of the piston rod 4.

[0031] During specific operation, both the No. 1 oil port 31 and the No. 2 oil port 32 are connected to the external hydraulic system. When the sleeve 2 and the piston rod 4 need to be extended, the external hydraulic system introduces hydraulic oil into the cylinder 1 through the No. 1 oil port 31, and the hydraulic oil pushes the pushing unit 5 at the right end of the sleeve 2 together with the sleeve 2 to extend out of the cylinder 1. When the sleeve 2 is extended to the maximum limit, the hydraulic oil passes through the pushing unit 5 at the right end of the sleeve 2 into the sleeve 2, pushing the pushing unit 5 at the right end of the piston rod 4 together with the piston rod 4 to extend out of the sleeve 2.

[0032] When it is necessary to retract the sleeve 2 and the piston rod 4, on the one hand, hydraulic oil is extracted from the No. 1 oil port 31 through the external hydraulic system, and on the other hand, hydraulic oil is introduced into the No. 2 oil port 32 through the external hydraulic system. The introduced hydraulic oil enters the sleeve 2 along the oil delivery groove 33, and then enters the cylindrical groove 34 along the oil passage 35. The hydraulic oil entering the cylindrical groove 34 pushes the pushing unit 5 at the right end of the piston rod 4 to move synchronously to the right together with the piston rod 4. When the piston rod 4 is completely retracted into the sleeve 2, the hydraulic oil is stopped from being introduced into the No. 2 oil port 32, and the hydraulic oil is continued to be pumped out from the No. 1 oil port 31, and the pushing unit 5 at the right end of the sleeve 2 is pushed to retract the sleeve 2 into the cylinder 1 together with the sleeve 2.

[0033] See Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 The pushing unit 5 connected to the right end of the sleeve 2 includes a pushing member 51, which is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve 2. A circular groove 52 is provided on the left and right sides of the No. 2 pushing member 51, and a connecting rod 53 is provided in the circular groove 52. The side walls of the pushing member 51 are symmetrically provided with rectangular grooves 54. The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a slot 55 corresponding to the rectangular slot 54. A block 56 is slidably connected in the rectangular slot 54. The end of the block 56 near the connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to a No. 1 hinge seat 57, and the side wall of the connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to a No. 2 hinge seat 58 corresponding to the No. 1 hinge seat 57. A rectangular frame 59 is hinged between the corresponding No. 1 hinge seat 57 and the No. 2 hinge seat 58. The pushing unit 5 connected to the right end of the piston rod 4 has the same structure as the pushing unit 5 connected to the right end of the sleeve 2.

[0034] See Figure 3-Figure 6 The connecting rod 53 in the cylinder 1 is connected to the opening and closing unit 6, the right end of the connecting rod 53 in the sleeve 2 is rotatably connected to the push plate 7, the sleeve 2 and the piston rod 4 are both connected to the cleaning unit 8, the side wall of the push plate 7 is fixedly connected to the blocking block 71 that cooperates with the cleaning unit 8, and the left end of the piston rod 4 is connected to the connecting unit 9.

[0035] See Figure 4 and Figure 6The opening and closing unit 6 includes a No. 1 sealing plate 61, which is located in the cavity of the sleeve 2 and is fixedly connected to the push piece 51. The No. 1 sealing plate 61 is provided with a through groove 62 that matches the circular groove 52. The left end of the connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 sealing plate 63. The left end faces of the No. 1 sealing plate 61 and the No. 2 sealing plate 63 are uniformly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped notches 64 along the circumferential direction, and the fan-shaped notches 64 on the No. 1 sealing plate 61 and the fan-shaped notches 64 on the No. 2 sealing plate 63 are staggered. The right end of the connecting rod 53 is connected to a holding assembly 65, which includes a circular plate 651, which is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting rod 53. The circular plate 651 and the push piece 51 are fixedly connected by a connecting spring 652.

[0036] During specific operation, in the initial state, the sleeve 2 is retracted in the cylinder 1, and the piston rod 4 is retracted in the sleeve 2. At this time, due to the restrictions of the inner walls of the cylinder 1 and the inner walls of the sleeve 2, the block 56 is located in the rectangular groove 54, and the two rectangular frames 59 are distributed in an eight-shaped shape and open to the left. The No. 1 sealing plate 61 and the No. 2 sealing plate 63 are spliced ​​together, and the connecting spring 652 is in a stretched state. When the sleeve 2 and the piston rod 4 need to be extended, hydraulic oil is introduced into the cylinder 1 through the No. 1 oil port 31. Under the push of the hydraulic oil, the push piece 51 at the right end of the sleeve 2 moves to the left, driving the sleeve 2 to extend synchronously to the left from the cylinder 1.

[0037] When the push piece 51 at the right end of the sleeve 2 moves to the leftmost end of the cavity of the cylinder 1 and cannot move further, at this time, as the hydraulic oil continues to push, the No. 2 sealing plate 63 moves to the left relative to the No. 1 sealing plate 61. At the same time, the connecting rod 53 is also driven by the No. 2 sealing plate 63 to move to the left relative to the push piece 51 at the right end of the sleeve 2, thereby driving the block 56 at the right end of the sleeve 2 to slide along the rectangular groove 54 to the slot 55 opened on the cylinder 1 through the rectangular frame 59 at the right end of the sleeve 2. At this time, the connecting spring 652 is in a normal state, so that the right block 56 can be stabilized in the slot 55 opened on the cylinder 1.

[0038] In this state, since the No. 1 sealing plate 61 and the No. 2 sealing plate 63 are misaligned left and right, the hydraulic oil can enter the sleeve 2 along the fan-shaped notch 64. The hydraulic oil entering the sleeve 2 pushes the push plate 7 and the push member 51 in the sleeve 2 and the piston rod 4 to move synchronously to the left. When the push member 51 in the sleeve 2 moves to the leftmost side of the sleeve 2 cavity, it cannot continue to move. As the hydraulic oil continues to flow, the push plate 7 and the connecting rod 53 are pushed to the left synchronously relative to the push member 51 in the sleeve 2, and then the block 56 in the sleeve 2 is driven by the rectangular frame 59 to enter the slot 55 opened on the sleeve 2. When the two blocks 56 are located in the slot 55 on the sleeve 2, the piston rod 4 and the sleeve 2 can be locked, thereby reducing the pressure borne by the valve in the external hydraulic system, thereby extending its service life.

[0039] See Figure 8 The cleaning unit 8 connected to the sleeve 2 includes a collecting seat 81, which is rotatably sleeved on the right end of the sleeve 2. The collecting seat 81 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 1 through a torsion spring 82. The left end of the sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to a scraping seat 83. A decontamination component 84 is commonly provided on the collecting seat 81 and the scraping seat 83.

[0040] See Figure 4 and Figure 8 The decontamination assembly 84 includes a chute 841. The side wall of the collecting seat 81 is evenly provided with a plurality of chute 841 along the circumferential direction. The right ends of the chute 841 are connected to an annular groove 842. The right end surface of the scraping seat 83 is evenly fixedly connected with a plurality of elastic scrapers 843 along the circumferential direction. The push member 51 in the cylinder 1 is connected to a rotating module 844 that cooperates with the scraping seat 83.

[0041] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The rotating module 844 includes a spiral groove 8441. The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a spiral groove 8441. The side wall of the push member 51 is fixedly connected with a slider 8442. The slider 8442 is slidably connected in the spiral groove 8441, and the slider 8442 and the spiral groove 8441 are sealed. The cleaning unit 8 connected to the piston rod 4 has the same structure as the cleaning unit 8 connected to the sleeve 2, and the blocking block 71 is slidably connected in the spiral groove 8441.

[0042] During specific operation, when it is necessary to retract the sleeve 2 and the piston rod 4, on the one hand, hydraulic oil is extracted from the No. 1 oil port 31 through the external hydraulic system, and on the other hand, hydraulic oil is introduced into the No. 2 oil port 32 through the external hydraulic system. The introduced hydraulic oil enters the sleeve 2 along the oil delivery groove 33, and then fills the cylindrical groove 34 along the oil passage 35. At this time, under the push of the hydraulic oil, the push plate 7 and the connecting rod 53 move to the right and reset, and the rectangular frame 59 in the sleeve 2 drives the block 56 in the sleeve 2 to slide out of the card slot 55 on the sleeve 2, releasing the locking mechanism in the sleeve 2. The push piece 51 is locked, and then as the hydraulic oil continues to flow in, the push piece 51 in the sleeve 2 is driven to move synchronously to the right along with the piston rod 4 through the push plate 7 and retracted into the sleeve 2. When the push piece 51 in the sleeve 2 moves to the rightmost end of the hollow cavity in the sleeve 2, the push plate 7 will push the No. 2 sealing plate 63 to be spliced ​​with the No. 1 sealing plate 61. At this time, the hydraulic oil is stopped from being introduced from the No. 2 oil port 32. Then, as the external hydraulic system draws hydraulic oil from the No. 2 oil port 32, the sleeve 2 will be driven to move to the right through the push piece 51 at the right end of the sleeve and recovered into the cylinder 1.

[0043] The two cleaning units 8 operate on the same principle. Taking the operating process of the cleaning unit 8 on the piston rod 4 as an example, when the slider 8442 slides along the threaded groove, it drives the piston rod 4 to rotate synchronously, and then the impurities contaminated on the side wall of the piston rod 4 will be collected in the inclined groove 841 located on the outer wall of the piston rod 4 and opened on the outer wall of the collecting seat 81. In the final stage of contraction of the piston rod 4, the elastic scraper 843 will enter the corresponding inclined groove 841 and drive the collecting seat 81 to rotate synchronously in the process of sliding along the inclined groove 841. At this time, the torsion spring 82 will twist and accumulate force. As the elastic scraper 843 continues to move to the right, it will push the impurities in the inclined groove 841 into the annular groove 842. Due to the loss of the restriction of the inclined groove 841, the collecting seat 81 rotates and resets under the drive of the torsion spring 82. The centrifugal force generated will cause the impurities to be separated from the annular groove 842, thereby achieving the cleaning effect.

[0044] See Figure 3 and Figure 7 The connecting unit 9 includes a connecting tube 91, which is a cylindrical cavity structure. The right end of the connecting tube 91 is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston rod 4. The left end of the connecting tube 91 is slidably connected to a sliding rod 92. The left end of the sliding rod 92 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 93. The connecting plate 93 and the sliding rod 92 are jointly connected with a shock absorbing assembly. The left end surface of the connecting plate 93 and the right end of the cylinder 1 are fixedly connected with a connecting piece 95. The shock absorbing assembly includes an annular plate 941. The side wall of the connecting tube 91 is fixedly sleeved with an annular plate 941. The annular plate 941 and the connecting plate 93 are fixedly connected by a shock absorbing spring 942.

[0045] During specific operation, after connecting the connecting piece 95 to the external heavy object that needs to be lifted, when the gravity of the heavy object suddenly decreases or increases, the shock-absorbing spring 942 will change accordingly, and the slide rod 92 will expand and contract relative to the connecting tube 91 to absorb the vibration, thereby avoiding the external force from being transmitted to the piston rod 4.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "oil level," "top," "bottom," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality," "multiple," and "multiple groups" mean two or more.

[0047] It should also be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," "installed," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] The embodiments of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the invention are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that: It includes a cylinder and a sleeve, both of which are cylindrical cavity structures. The sleeve is slidably connected to the left end of the cylinder. The cylinder and the sleeve are jointly provided with a retracting unit. The left end of the sleeve is slidably connected to the piston rod. The right ends of the piston rod and the sleeve are both connected to the pushing unit. The pushing unit connected to the right end of the sleeve includes a pushing member, the pushing member is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve, a circular groove is opened on the pushing member on the left and right sides, a connecting rod is arranged in the circular groove, a rectangular groove is symmetrically opened on the side wall of the pushing member, a clamping groove corresponding to the rectangular groove is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder, a clamping block is slidably connected in the rectangular groove, the end of the clamping block close to the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the No. 1 hinge seat, the side wall of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the No. 2 hinge seat corresponding to the No. 1 hinge seat, and a rectangular frame is hingedly connected between the corresponding No. 1 hinge seat and the No. 2 hinge seat; The pushing unit connected to the right end of the piston rod has the same structure as the pushing unit connected to the right end of the sleeve; The connecting rod in the cylinder is connected to the opening and closing unit, the right end of the connecting rod in the sleeve is rotatably connected to the push plate, the sleeve and the piston rod are both connected to the cleaning unit, the side wall of the push plate is fixedly connected to a blocking block that matches the cleaning unit, and the left end of the piston rod is connected to the connecting unit; The opening and closing unit includes a No. 1 sealing plate, which is located in the sleeve cavity and fixedly connected to the push member. The No. 1 sealing plate is provided with through grooves that match the circular grooves on the left and right sides. The left end of the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the No. 2 sealing plate. The left end surfaces of the No. 1 sealing plate and the No. 2 sealing plate are uniformly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped notches along the circumferential direction. The fan-shaped notches on the No. 1 sealing plate and the fan-shaped notches on the No. 2 sealing plate are staggered. The right end of the linkage rod in the cylinder is connected to a holding assembly. The holding assembly includes a circular plate, which is fixedly connected to the right end of the linkage rod. The circular plate and the push member are fixedly connected via a connecting spring.

2. A multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retracting and extending unit includes a No. 1 oil port, which is formed through the side wall of the cylinder and on the right end, and a No. 2 oil port is fixedly formed on the side wall of the cylinder and on the left end. An oil delivery groove is provided in the sleeve, and the right end of the oil delivery groove cooperates with the No. 2 oil port, and the left end of the oil delivery groove is connected to the cavity in the sleeve. A cylindrical groove is provided on the right end face of the piston rod, and an oil port connected to the cylindrical groove is provided on the side wall of the piston rod.

3. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning unit connected to the sleeve includes a collecting seat, which is rotatably sleeved on the right end of the sleeve. The collecting seat and the cylinder are fixedly connected by a torsion spring. The left end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to a scraping seat. A decontamination component is commonly provided on the collecting seat and the scraping seat.

4. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The decontamination assembly includes a chute, and the side wall of the collecting seat is evenly provided with multiple chutees along the circumference. The right ends of the chute are connected to a ring groove. The right end surface of the scraping seat is evenly fixedly connected with multiple elastic scrapers along the circumference. The pushing member in the cylinder is connected to a rotating module that cooperates with the scraping seat.

5. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating module includes a spiral groove, a spiral groove is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder, a slider is fixedly connected to the side wall of the push member, the slider is slidably connected in the spiral groove, and the slider and the spiral groove are sealed. The cleaning unit connected to the piston rod has the same structure as the cleaning unit connected to the sleeve, and the sealing block is slidably connected in the spiral groove.

6. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting unit includes a connecting tube, which is a cylindrical cavity structure. The right end of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to the left end of the piston rod. The left end of the connecting tube is slidably connected to a sliding rod. The left end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. The connecting plate and the sliding rod are jointly connected to a shock absorbing assembly. The left end surface of the connecting plate and the right end of the cylinder are both fixedly connected to a connecting piece.

7. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing assembly includes an annular plate. The side wall of the connecting cylinder is fixedly sleeved with the annular plate. The annular plate and the connecting plate are fixedly connected via a shock-absorbing spring.

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