Blast hole filling device and blast hole filling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a blasthole filling device and a blasthole filling method, which can be used for filling a blasthole, improving the blasthole filling quality and reducing the use amount of a filling material. The blast hole filling device comprises a plugging disc (1) and a clamping and fixing assembly. The plugging disc (1) is arranged in a blast hole, located on the outer side of the explosive and used for plugging the blast hole. The clamping and fixing assembly is connected to the side, away from the explosive, of the plugging disc (1), and the two ends of the clamping and fixing assembly are pressed against the side wall of the blast hole so that the blast hole filling device can be fixed into the blast hole. When the explosive in the blast hole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the clamping and fixing assembly through the plugging disc (1) and then is applied to the side wall of the blast hole through the two ends of the clamping and fixing assembly, and therefore extrusion force and friction force between the two ends of the clamping and fixing assembly and the side wall of the blast hole are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and in particular relates to a blasthole plugging device and a blasthole plugging method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for rock mass engineering construction in my country, engineering blasting technology has developed rapidly in water conservancy, railway, mining and other projects. In the process of engineering blasting, in order to prevent blasting, the length of the blast hole filling is usually increased. However, this will easily reduce the amount of explosives in the hole, and the center of gravity of the explosives will move downward, making it impossible for the energy of the explosives to effectively break the rock mass in the filling section, resulting in an increase in large pieces in the filling section and a decrease in blasting quality.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, two aspects are usually considered: blasthole filling and charge structure, which are described as follows:

[0004] On the one hand, blasthole filling is an important part of drilling and blasting construction. The quality of blasthole filling has an important influence on the detonation pressure in the blasthole, especially the action time and efficiency of the explosive gas pressure. Statistics show that if the blasthole is not filled or the filling quality is not high, about 30% to 55% of the explosive energy will be wasted from the blasthole mouth during the explosion of the explosive. Due to the existence of the filling body, high-temperature and high-pressure explosive gas will be generated instantly after the explosion of the explosive. The explosive gas will be affected by the inertial resistance of the filling and the friction resistance between the filling and the side wall of the blasthole during its migration to the hole mouth. Therefore, the greater the density and compactness of the filling body in the blasthole, the greater the friction between the blasthole side wall, the longer the action time of the explosive gas in the hole, and the greater the corresponding explosive energy utilization rate. At the same time, it can reduce the intensity of the harmful effect of the air shock wave and improve the overall blasting quality of the rock mass. Most of the existing blasthole fillings are filled with loose materials such as gun mud, rock cuttings or loess. This method often cannot effectively ensure the density and compactness of the blasthole filling, and the friction resistance between the filling body and the side wall of the blasthole is relatively small, and the overall filling quality is not high.

[0005] On the other hand, in terms of charging structure, usually after the charging is completed in the blasthole, filling materials such as gun mud, rock chips or crushed stones are directly loaded into the hole mouth to play the role of blasthole filling. However, this will cause the filling length to be too long, and the rock mass in the filling section cannot be effectively crushed, resulting in an increase in the rate of large blocks. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a blasthole filling device and a blasthole filling method in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which can fill the blasthole, improve the blasthole filling quality, and reduce the amount of filling material used.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blasthole plugging device, which includes a sealing disk and a clamping assembly. The sealing disk is arranged in the blasthole and is located outside the explosive, and is used to plug the blasthole. The clamping assembly is connected to the side of the sealing disk away from the explosive, and the two ends of the clamping assembly are respectively pressed against the side wall of the blasthole to fix the blasthole plugging device in the blasthole; when the explosive in the blasthole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the clamping assembly through the sealing disk, and then applied to the side wall of the blasthole through the two ends of the clamping assembly, thereby increasing the extrusion force and friction force between the two ends of the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blasthole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes a rotating shaft, a first clamping member, and a second clamping member. The rotating shaft is arranged on a side of the sealing disk away from the explosive and extends radially along the blasthole. The cross-sectional shape of the first clamping member is fan-shaped, and it is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft; the first clamping member is an eccentric structure, and one end of the first clamping member forms a first reverse hook. The cross-sectional shape of the second clamping member is fan-shaped, and it is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, and is connected to the first clamping member through a torsion member, and the torsion member is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the second clamping member is an eccentric structure, and one end of the second clamping member forms a second reverse hook. When the first clamping member and the second clamping member rotate, the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook can be moved closer to or farther from each other; when the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook are moved closer to each other, the torsion piece is compressed, and the maximum dimension of the cross section formed by the first clamping member and the second clamping member becomes smaller, that is, the distance between the outermost positions of the two becomes smaller; when the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook are moved away from each other, the torsion piece rebounds, and the maximum dimension of the cross section formed by the first clamping member and the second clamping member becomes larger, that is, the distance between the outermost positions of the two becomes larger. After the blast hole plugging device is fixed in the blast hole, the torsion piece is in a pre-compression state, so that the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook have a tendency to move away from each other; when the explosive in the blast hole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the first clamping member and the second clamping member through the sealing disk, and then applied to the side wall of the blast hole through the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook, thereby increasing the extrusion force and friction force between the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook and the side wall of the blast hole respectively.

[0009] In some embodiments, a limit member is provided on the rotating shaft, and the limit member is used to limit the initial position of the torque member, so that when the torque member is in a free state, the first clamping member and the second clamping member are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating shaft.

[0010] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly further comprises a vertical column, which is vertically fixed to a side of the sealing disk away from the explosive, and vertically penetrates the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The first clamping piece and the second clamping piece are both two and arranged in pairs, and the two pairs of the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple fastening components, and the vertical columns of the multiple fastening components are connected in sequence.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of vertical columns of the fixing assembly are connected in sequence by threads. The vertical columns are connected to the blocking disk by threads.

[0013] In some embodiments, the blast hole plugging device further comprises a pull rope. One end of the pull rope extends out of the blast hole, and the other end of the pull rope is bifurcated into a first sub-pull rope and a second sub-pull rope; the first sub-pull rope is connected to the first clamping member, and the second sub-pull rope is connected to the second clamping member. When the pull rope is stretched outward, the first reverse hook and the second reverse hook approach each other, so that the maximum dimensions of the cross-sections of the first clamping member and the second clamping member become smaller, so as to remove the blast hole plugging device from the blast hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, a sealing sleeve is provided between the sealing disk and the blast hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, a surface of one side of the sealing disk away from the fixing assembly is concave to form an energy gathering portion.

[0016] Therefore, the blasthole plugging device in the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging a blocking disk in the blasthole and making the blocking disk on the outside of the explosive, the blocking disk can effectively block the blasthole when the explosive explodes, thereby reducing the waste of explosive energy during the explosion of the explosive and improving the utilization rate of the explosive energy; specifically, by arranging a clamping component on the side of the blocking disk away from the explosive, and making the two ends of the clamping component pressed against the side wall of the blasthole respectively, the clamping component can be fixed by the friction between the two ends of the clamping component and the side wall of the blasthole, so that the blasthole plugging device can be fixed in the blasthole in any direction; when the explosive in the blasthole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted through the blocking disk After being delivered to the fixing component, it is applied to the side wall of the blasthole through the two ends of the fixing component, which increases the squeezing force between the two ends of the fixing component and the side wall of the blasthole, thereby increasing the friction force between the two ends of the fixing component and the side wall of the blasthole, and increasing the connection strength between the fixing component and the side wall of the blasthole, making the blasthole filling device more secure in the blasthole, enhancing the filling effect of the blasthole filling device on the blasthole, and improving the blasting quality. Therefore, there is no need to set filler on the outside of the blasthole filling device of the present invention or only a small part of the filler is needed, which is beneficial to reduce the amount of filler, thereby solving the problem of excessive length of blasthole filling due to excessive filler in the prior art.

[0017] Furthermore, the blasthole filling device in this embodiment is easy to use. It only needs to be placed in the blasthole to maintain the stability of the position of the blasthole filling device, which is convenient for construction personnel to work on site, thereby improving construction efficiency; and the fixed position of the blasthole filling device can be flexibly set during the construction process, so the charging position and height in the blasthole can be flexibly set, and precise blasting can be achieved at the specified position.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for filling a blasthole, the method comprising: placing a water bag after loading explosives and detonators into the blasthole; pressing the blasthole filling device in the first aspect into the blasthole, so that the sealing disk of the blasthole filling device contacts the water bag, and the two ends of the fixing assembly are respectively pressed against the side walls of the blasthole, so that the blasthole filling device is fixed in the blasthole.

[0019] The blast hole plugging method provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the blast hole plugging device described above, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 : A front view of a blasthole plugging device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 : A left side view of a blasthole plugging device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3: A top view of a blasthole plugging device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of a blasthole plugging device after being placed into a blasthole in an application scenario 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of a plurality of fastening components connected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 : A schematic diagram of a blasthole plugging device before being placed into a blasthole in an application scenario 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7a : A schematic diagram of a blasthole plugging device before being placed into a blasthole in an application scenario 2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7b : A schematic diagram of a blasthole plugging device in an application scenario 2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention after being placed in a blasthole;

[0028] Figure 8a : A schematic diagram of a blasthole plugging device before being placed into a blasthole in an application scenario 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8b : A schematic diagram of a blasthole plugging device after being placed into a blasthole in an application scenario 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blasthole plugging device, which is used in blasting construction to fill blastholes.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the blasthole plugging device includes a plugging plate 1 and a clamping assembly. The plugging plate 1 is arranged in the blasthole and is located outside the explosive 13, and is used to plug the blasthole. The clamping assembly is connected to the side of the plugging plate 1 away from the explosive 13, and the two ends of the clamping assembly are respectively pressed against the side wall of the blasthole to fix the blasthole plugging device in the blasthole; when the explosive 13 in the blasthole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the clamping assembly through the plugging plate 1, and then applied to the side wall of the blasthole through the two ends of the clamping assembly, thereby increasing the extrusion force and friction force between the two ends of the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blasthole.

[0034] Exemplarily, the blastholes may be arranged horizontally, vertically or inclined.

[0035] Exemplarily, a detonating charge is provided in the explosive 13. In this embodiment, the detonating charge is a detonator 12.

[0036] Exemplarily, the material of the sealing disk 1 can be metal or alloy material, such as iron, steel or stainless steel, etc. This can increase the strength of the sealing disk 1, make the sealing disk 1 less likely to deform, and improve the sealing effect of the sealing disk 1.

[0037] Exemplarily, the shape and size of the sealing disk 1 are adapted to the shape and size of the blasthole to improve the filling effect of the blasthole, reduce the waste of explosive energy during the explosion of the explosive 13, and improve the utilization rate of the explosive energy.

[0038] Usually, the shape of the blasthole is circular, and the shape of the sealing plate 1 is also circular.

[0039] In some examples, such as Figure 4 As shown, a water bag 14 is also provided between the blocking disk 1 and the explosive 13 .

[0040] The water bag 14 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the water bag 14 can be reasonably determined according to the diameter of the blast hole, and the length of the water bag 14 can be reasonably determined according to the actual conditions on site. The water bag 14 is a thickened wear-resistant plastic bag.

[0041] Based on the incompressible property of water medium, the energy of explosives can be guided upward through the water bag 14 to effectively break up large pieces of the surface layer of the blasting area; and based on the good explosion energy transfer effect of the water bag 14, the water bag 14 can be appropriately used to replace part of the explosives 13, which can reduce the use of explosives 13, improve the energy utilization rate of explosives, and reduce the cost of blasting construction.

[0042] Understandable, such as Figure 4 As shown, after the two ends of the clamping assembly are respectively pressed against the side walls of the blasthole, the side walls of the blasthole can support the position of the clamping assembly, and because friction is generated after the side walls of the blasthole and the two ends of the clamping assembly are pressed, even if the direction of the blasthole is downward, the relative position of the clamping assembly and the side walls of the blasthole can be kept stable, thereby keeping the position of the blasthole filling device in the blasthole unchanged.

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, the impact force generated when the explosive 13 in the blast hole explodes causes the water bag 14 to move away from the explosive 13 and come into close contact with the plugging disk 1. The impact force of the explosive 13 is transmitted to the clamping assembly through the plugging disk 1 and applied to the side wall of the blast hole through the two ends of the clamping assembly, thereby increasing the force between the two ends of the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blast hole, and increasing the squeezing force and friction force between the two ends of the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blast hole, thereby increasing the connection strength between the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blast hole, thereby making the blast hole plugging device more secure in the blast hole, preventing the plugging disk 1 from being rushed out of the blast hole by the impact force of the explosive 13, and thereby enhancing the plugging effect of the blast hole plugging device on the blast hole, improving the blasting quality, and preventing punching. Therefore, there is no need to set a plugging material on the outside of the blast hole plugging device or only a small part of the plugging material needs to be filled, which is conducive to reducing the amount of the plugging material, thereby solving the problem of excessive length of the blast hole plugging due to excessive plugging material in the prior art.

[0044] Furthermore, the blasthole plugging device in this embodiment is easy to use. It only needs to be placed in the blasthole, and the clamping assembly can be pressed against the side wall of the blasthole to maintain the stability of the position of the blasthole plugging device, which is convenient for construction personnel to work on site, thereby improving construction efficiency. During the construction process, the fixed position of the blasthole plugging device can be flexibly set, so the charging position and height in the blasthole can be flexibly set, and accurate blasting can be achieved at the specified position.

[0045] In the prior art, for water hole blasting, the traditional practice is usually to use a pumping device to first drain the water in the blasthole after loading the explosives 13, and then quickly fill the blasthole with rock chips or gravel. On the one hand, this practice causes high labor intensity for construction workers, complicated working procedures, and increased construction costs; on the other hand, as the water in the blasthole continues to seep out, the plugging effect of the filling material will be greatly affected, which can easily cause poor blasting quality in the water hole area.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, when the blasthole filling device in this embodiment is used for blasthole filling in water hole blasting, there is no need to use rock chips or gravel to fill the blasthole, and there is no need to use pumping equipment to drain the water in the blasthole. Therefore, it can avoid increasing the labor intensity of construction workers, thereby simplifying the operation process, reducing construction costs, and improving the convenience and economy of construction. It also avoids the situation in the prior art that the filling material in the blasthole is affected by the water body and the plugging effect is reduced, which is beneficial to ensuring the blasting quality in the water hole area and improving the applicability of the blasthole filling device.

[0047] Therefore, the blasthole plugging device in the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the blocking plate 1 in the blasthole, and making the blocking plate 1 on the outside of the explosive 13, the blocking plate 1 can effectively block the blasthole when the explosive 13 explodes, thereby reducing the waste of explosive energy during the explosion of the explosive 13 and improving the utilization rate of the explosive energy; specifically, by arranging a clamping component on the side of the blocking plate 1 away from the explosive 13, and making the two ends of the clamping component pressed against the side wall of the blasthole respectively, the clamping component can be fixed by the friction force generated by the compression between the two ends of the clamping component and the side wall of the blasthole, so that the blasthole plugging device can be fixed in the blasthole in any direction; when the explosive in the blasthole explodes, the impact of the explosive After the impact force is transmitted to the fixing component through the sealing disk 1, it is applied to the side wall of the blasthole through the two ends of the fixing component, thereby increasing the extrusion pressure between the two ends of the fixing component and the side wall of the blasthole, thereby increasing the friction force between the two ends of the fixing component and the side wall of the blasthole, and increasing the connection strength between the fixing component and the side wall of the blasthole, making the blasthole filling device more secure in the blasthole, enhancing the filling effect of the blasthole filling device on the blasthole, and improving the blasting quality. Therefore, there is no need to set filler on the outside of the blasthole filling device of the present invention or only a small part of the filler is required, which is beneficial to reduce the amount of filler, thereby solving the problem of excessive length of blasthole filling due to excessive filler in the prior art. Furthermore, the blasthole filling device in this embodiment is easy to use. It only needs to be placed in the blasthole to maintain the stability of the position of the blasthole filling device, which is convenient for construction personnel to work on site, thereby improving construction efficiency; and the fixed position of the blasthole filling device can be flexibly set during the construction process, so the charging position and height in the blasthole can be flexibly set, and precise blasting can be achieved at the specified position.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the clamping assembly includes a rotating shaft 2, a first clamping member 5 and a second clamping member 6. The rotating shaft 2 is arranged on the side of the sealing disk 1 away from the explosive 13, and extends radially along the blast hole. The cross-sectional shape of the first clamping member 5 is fan-shaped, and it is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 2; the first clamping member 5 is an eccentric structure, and one end of the first clamping member 5 forms a first reverse hook 5A. The cross-sectional shape of the second clamping member 6 is fan-shaped, and it is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 2, and is connected to the first clamping member 5 through a torque member 7, and the torque member is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2; the second clamping member 6 is an eccentric structure, and one end of the second clamping member 6 forms a second reverse hook 6A. When the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 rotate, the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A can be moved closer to or farther away from each other; when the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A are moved closer to each other, the torque member 7 is compressed, and the maximum size of the cross section formed by the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 is reduced, that is, the distance between the outermost positions of the two is reduced; when the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A are moved away from each other, the torque member 7 rebounds, and the maximum size of the cross section formed by the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 is increased, that is, the distance between the outermost positions of the two is increased. After the blast hole plugging device is fixed in the blast hole, the torque member 7 is in a pre-compression state, so that the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook have a tendency to move away from each other; when the explosive in the blast hole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 through the sealing disk 1, and then applied to the side wall of the blast hole through the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook, thereby increasing the extrusion force and friction force between the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook and the side wall of the blast hole respectively.

[0049] Exemplarily, the rotating shaft 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the blast hole. The torsion member 7 is a torsion spring, which is a high elastic steel torsion spring, and the inner diameter of the torsion spring is slightly larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 2. The wire diameter of the torsion spring can be reasonably determined according to the weight of the blast hole plugging device.

[0050] It can be understood that the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are both rotatably disposed on the rotating shaft 2, so the rotation planes of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are parallel.

[0051] For the convenience of explanation, in this embodiment, Figure 2 The horizontal direction in is defined as the X direction, Figure 2 The vertical direction in (ie the radial direction of the blast hole) is defined as the Y direction, and the rotation plane of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 is parallel to the X direction and perpendicular to the Y direction.

[0052] At this time, if Figure 4 As shown, the maximum size of the cross-sections of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 is the maximum size of the outer edge of the first clamping member 5 and the outer edge of the second clamping member 6 in the X direction.

[0053] Understandable, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4, in the direction from one end where the first reverse hook 5A of the first fastening member 5 is located to the other end, the distance between the outer edge of the first fastening member 5 and the rotating shaft 2 gradually decreases. That is, in the X direction, Figure 4 When the first clamping member 5 rotates counterclockwise, the outer edge of the first clamping member 5 gradually moves away from the side wall of the blast hole, and the distance between the first clamping member 5 and the side wall of the blast hole gradually increases; Figure 4 When the first clamping member 5 rotates clockwise, the outer edge of the first clamping member 5 gradually approaches the side wall of the blast hole, and the distance between the first clamping member 5 and the side wall of the blast hole gradually decreases, and finally the first clamping member 5 is pressed tightly against the side wall of the blast hole.

[0054] Similar, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 , in the direction from one end where the second reverse hook 6A of the second clamping member 6 is located to the other end, the distance between the outer edge of the second clamping member 6 and the rotating shaft 2 gradually decreases. In the X direction, Figure 4 When the second clamping member 6 rotates counterclockwise, the outer edge of the second clamping member 6 gradually approaches the side wall of the blast hole, and the distance between the second clamping member 6 and the side wall of the blast hole gradually decreases, and finally the second clamping member 6 is pressed tightly against the side wall of the blast hole; Figure 4 When the second clamping member 6 rotates clockwise, the outer edge of the second clamping member 6 gradually moves away from the side wall of the blast hole, and the distance between the second clamping member 6 and the side wall of the blast hole gradually increases.

[0055] Therefore, reference Figure 4 When the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A are close to each other, the maximum dimensions of the cross sections of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 become smaller, so that the outer edges of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 no longer contact the side wall of the blasthole, thereby conveniently adjusting the position of the blasthole plugging device or removing the blasthole plugging device from the blasthole.

[0056] When the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A move away from each other, the maximum dimensions of the cross sections of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 gradually increase, and the outer edges of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 are first pressed against the side wall of the blast hole. However, at this time, the extrusion pressure and friction force between the outer edges of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 and the side wall of the blast hole are relatively small. At this time, the extrusion pressure and friction force can fix the position of the blast hole filling device.

[0057] refer to Figure 4The impact force generated when the explosive 13 explodes makes the sealing disk 1 and the rotating shaft 2 tend to move out of the blasthole, thereby causing the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A to tend to move away from each other through the rotating shaft 2, that is, the maximum dimensions of the cross-sections of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 tend to continue to increase, but due to the limitation of the side wall of the blasthole, the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A cannot continue to move away from each other, thereby increasing the squeezing force and friction force between the first anti-hook 5A, the second anti-hook 6A and the side wall of the blasthole, making the blasthole filling device more secure in the blasthole, so that the blasthole filling device can produce a better filling effect on the blasthole, thereby improving the blasting quality of the explosive 13 in the blasthole.

[0058] Exemplarily, the contact portions of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 with the side wall of the blast hole are both provided with wave patterns to further increase the friction force.

[0059] Exemplarily, the sizes and shapes of the first fastening member 5 and the second fastening member 6 may be completely the same or different.

[0060] For example, when the first fixing member 5 and the second fixing member 6 are exactly the same in size and shape, Figure 2 and Figure 4 ,exist Figure 2 In the figure, the first clamping fixture 5 and the second clamping fixture 6 are arranged up and down along the Y direction. Compared with the second clamping fixture 6, the first clamping fixture 5 is closer to the axis of the blasthole. Therefore, in the plane where the first clamping fixture 5 is located, the distance between the rotating shaft 2 and the side wall of the blasthole is large, and the size of the first clamping fixture 5 in the X direction needs to be set larger to be fixed on the side wall of the blasthole, that is, the first clamping fixture 5 needs to be rotated clockwise by a larger angle to contact the side wall of the blasthole; while in the plane where the second clamping fixture 6 is located, the distance between the rotating shaft 2 and the side wall of the blasthole is small, and the size of the second clamping fixture 6 in the X direction can be set smaller to be fixed on the side wall of the blasthole, that is, the second clamping fixture 6 can be rotated counterclockwise by a smaller angle to contact the side wall of the blasthole.

[0061] Through the above arrangement, the maximum size of the cross-section of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 can be adjusted by rotating the positions of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6, thereby controlling the degree of compression of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 against the side wall of the blasthole and whether they are in contact with the side wall of the blasthole, thereby controlling the filling effect of the blasthole filling device, making it easier for construction personnel to install the blasthole filling device in the blasthole and improving the filling effect of the blasthole filling device.

[0062] In some embodiments, a limit member is provided on the rotating shaft 2, and the limit member is used to limit the initial position of the torque member 7, so that when the torque member 7 is in a free state, the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating shaft 2.

[0063] It can be understood that when the torque member 7 is in a free state, the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are opened to the maximum extent.

[0064] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the initial positions of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 can be limited to avoid the situation where the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 are rotated to the axial direction of the blast hole at the same time. Therefore, after the blast hole filling device is placed in the blast hole, it can be automatically pressed against the side wall of the blast hole under the action of the torque piece 7 and fixed in the blast hole without manual adjustment, thereby reducing the construction difficulty of on-site construction personnel.

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the clamping assembly further includes a vertical column 4, which is vertically fixed to the side of the blocking disk 1 away from the explosive 13, and vertically penetrates the rotating shaft 2 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2. There are two first clamping members 5 and second clamping members 6, which are arranged in pairs, and the two pairs of first clamping members 5 and second clamping members 6 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 2.

[0066] Through the above arrangement, the two pairs of first clamping members 5 and second clamping members 6 can be pressed against the side walls of the blasthole at both ends of the rotating shaft 2, so that the blasthole filling device is force balanced at multiple positions, the firmness of the blasthole filling device fixed to the side wall of the blasthole is increased, and the filling effect of the blasthole is increased.

[0067] In some examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, plugs 8 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 2 , and the plugs 8 can block the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 to prevent the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 from slipping off the rotating shaft 2 .

[0068] In some examples, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, one end of the vertical column 4 away from the blocking plate 1 is fixedly connected to a short column 9, and the short column 9 is also screwed to a column base 10 with bolts (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 The screw connection between the middle column seat 10 and the short column 9), the column seat 10 faces the orifice direction of the blasthole.

[0069] Exemplarily, the vertical column 4 and the short column 9 are connected by threads.

[0070] The gun rod can push the gun hole filling device into the gun hole through the column seat 10.

[0071] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, there are multiple fastening components, and the vertical columns 4 of the multiple fastening components are connected in sequence.

[0072] Exemplarily, the number of the fastening components may be two, three, four, etc.

[0073] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, multiple clamping components can be pressed against the side wall of the blast hole at the same time, so that multiple clamping components and the side wall of the blast hole can generate extrusion force and friction force at the same time, thereby improving the position stability between the blast hole filling device and the side wall of the blast hole, and further improving the filling effect of the blast hole filling device on the blast hole.

[0074] In some embodiments, the vertical columns 4 of the plurality of fastening assemblies are connected in sequence by threads.

[0075] For example, when the end of the vertical column 4 away from the blocking plate 1 is fixedly connected with the short column 9, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, in each clamping assembly, the vertical column 4 is first connected to the short column 9 by threading, and the short column 9 is then threadedly connected to the vertical column 4 of the next clamping assembly (such as Figure 5 The screw connection between the middle vertical column 4 and the short column 9).

[0076] The above arrangement can facilitate the disassembly and connection of multiple fastening components.

[0077] In some embodiments, the vertical column 4 is connected to the blocking plate 1 by threads (such as Figure 5 The screw connection between the middle vertical column 4 and the blocking plate 1).

[0078] The above arrangement can facilitate the disassembly and connection between the vertical column 4 and the blocking disk 1 .

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the blast hole plugging device further includes a pull rope 11. One end of the pull rope 11 extends out of the blast hole, and the other end of the pull rope 11 is bifurcated into a first sub-pull rope and a second sub-pull rope; the first sub-pull rope is connected to the first clamping member 5, and the second sub-pull rope is connected to the second clamping member 6. When the pull rope 11 is stretched outward, the first reverse hook 5A and the second reverse hook 6A approach each other, so that the maximum dimensions of the cross sections of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 become smaller, so that the blast hole plugging device can be taken out of the blast hole.

[0080] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are both provided with through holes, the first sub-pull rope extends into the through hole of the first clamping member 5 and is connected to the first clamping member 5 , and the second sub-pull rope extends into the through hole of the second clamping member 6 and is connected to the second clamping member 6 .

[0081] Exemplarily, the through holes on the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are both arranged at positions away from the rotating shaft 2 , so that effort can be saved when pulling the pull rope 11 .

[0082] It can be understood that after the blasthole plugging device is fixed in the blasthole, the outer edges of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 are pressed tightly against the side wall of the blasthole. Figure 4As shown, when the pull rope 11 is stretched outward, the first anti-hook 5A and the second anti-hook 6A approach each other, and after the maximum dimensions of the cross sections of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 become smaller, the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 no longer contact the side wall of the blast hole, thereby eliminating the squeezing force and friction force between the first clamping piece 5, the second clamping piece 6 and the side wall of the blast hole.

[0083] Through the above arrangement, it is easy to remove the blasthole plugging device from the blasthole, and it is convenient to adjust the position of the blasthole plugging device.

[0084] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a sealing sleeve 3 is provided between the sealing disk 1 and the blast hole.

[0085] Exemplarily, the sealing sleeve 3 is made of a flame retardant and wear-resistant material, for example, a flame retardant and wear-resistant silicone sleeve.

[0086] The sealing sleeve 3 can seal the gap between the sealing disk 1 and the blast hole, improve the sealing performance of the blast hole filling device to the blast hole, thereby reducing the energy leakage when the explosive 13 in the blast hole explodes and improving the blasting quality.

[0087] In some embodiments, the surface of one side of the sealing disk 1 away from the fixing component is concave to form an energy gathering portion.

[0088] The energy gathering part can gather the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive 13, so as to better utilize the impact force generated by the explosion of the explosive 13, increase the squeezing force and friction force between the first anti-hook and the second anti-hook and the side wall of the blast hole respectively, so as to limit the position of the blast hole filling device and improve the blasting quality.

[0089] In some examples, the maximum free extension length of the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6 is 3 / 4 of the length of the secant line at the position in the blast hole. The vertical column 4, the rotating shaft 2, the first clamping member 5, the second clamping member 6, the short column 9, and the column base 10 are all made of metal. The pull rope 11 is an ordinary cotton rope.

[0090] The working process and principle of the blasthole plugging device in this embodiment are explained below: after the blasthole is filled with explosives 13 and detonators 12 according to the design requirements, the detonator leg line 15 is led out, and then the designed water bag 14 is filled to the designed height. The blast hole plugging device is slowly pushed into the blast hole with a gun stick with a scale, and the energy-gathering part of the sealing plate 1 of the blast hole plugging device contacts the water bag 14. After the explosive 13 in the blast hole is detonated, the explosive products instantly push the water medium in the water bag 14 to move at high speed along the axial direction of the blast hole. At this time, due to the incompressible property of water, the water medium almost directly transmits the detonation pressure of the explosive 13 through the sealing plate 1 to the vertical column 4 and the rotating shaft 2. Subsequently, under the conduction effect of the force of the rotating shaft 2, the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 located on the rotating shaft 2 begin to rotate around the rotating shaft 2 as a whole. As they rotate, due to the eccentric setting, the length of the ends of the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6 extending around the axis gradually increases. However, due to the lateral constraint of the side wall of the blast hole, the extrusion pressure between the first clamping piece 5 (first anti-hook 5A) and the second clamping piece 6 (second anti-hook 6A) and the side wall of the blast hole gradually increases, and the corresponding friction force also gradually increases. It can be seen from this that the greater the detonation pressure of the explosive 13, the greater the force transmitted by the water medium to the blasthole filling device, the greater the squeezing force between the first clamping piece 5, the second clamping piece 6 and the side wall of the blasthole, the greater the corresponding friction force, the more secure the blasthole filling device is in the blasthole, and the better the filling effect.

[0091] The working process of the blasthole plugging device is:

[0092] Step 1: Load the explosive 13 and detonator 12 into the blast hole according to the design, and lead out the detonator leg wire 15.

[0093] Step 2: Determine the length and diameter of the water bag 14 to be placed in the blocking section according to the designed length of the blocking section and the diameter of the blasthole. At the same time, in order to prevent the water bag 14 from being damaged and leaking during the lowering process in the hole, the water bag 14 is made of thickened wear-resistant plastic bags, which are sealed and lowered to the designed position and height after being filled with water, and pay attention to preventing the detonator foot line 15 from being damaged during the lowering process of the water bag 14.

[0094] Step 3, press the blasthole plugging device into the blasthole to a certain depth (the sealing plate 1 faces downward, and the column seat 10 faces upward), and then use a scaled gun stick (the purpose is to accurately determine the position of the blasthole plugging device) to push the column seat 10 and slowly push the blasthole plugging device downward (because the peripheral contour of the sealing plate 1 is covered with a sealing sleeve 3, there is friction resistance between the sealing sleeve 3 and the side wall of the blasthole, and there is also friction between the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blasthole, so that after the external force of the gun stick is removed, the blasthole plugging device can remain stationary in the hole), so that the energy-gathering part of the sealing plate 1 is in close contact with the top interface of the water bag 14, and at this time, the blasthole plugging device is pushed into place. When lowering the blasthole plugging device, ensure that the detonator foot line 15 avoids the clamping assembly and prevents the sealing sleeve 3 from abrading the detonator foot line 15.

[0095] Step 4: Remove the blasting rod and the blast hole filling operation is completed.

[0096] Step 5. When encountering a blind shot or other situation where the blast hole plugging device in the hole needs to be removed, the clamping assembly can be rotated by the pull rope 11 on the blast hole plugging device to eliminate the squeezing force and friction force between the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blast hole, and then the blast hole plugging device in the blast hole can be pulled out.

[0097] The above are the steps for water pressure blasting and plugging of dry holes. If the blast hole itself contains a lot of water, i.e., water hole blasting conditions, step 2 can be omitted at this time. After the explosives 13 and detonators 12 are loaded in the blast hole, step 3 can be directly entered. Use a scaled blasting stick to safely push the blast hole plugging device to the set position. There is a certain length of water column between the lower sealing plate 1 of the blast hole plugging device and the top interface of the explosives 13 (equivalent to the role of the water bag 14 in the dry hole). At this point, the water hole charging and plugging operation is completed.

[0098] The above-mentioned blasthole plugging device can not only be used for water pressure blasting blasthole plugging, but can also be directly used for ordinary blasthole plugging operations, or even for all drill holes that require plugging operations.

[0099] During the hydraulic blasting operation, the number of clamping components can be freely connected in series according to the actual filling needs on site to increase the strength of the filling and improve the blasthole blocking effect. Example operation: just take out the vertical column 4 from the center of the plugging plate 1, and at the same time take out the column seat 10 with bolts at the end of the short column 9, and directly connect the bolts at the end of the vertical column 4 to the short column 9 of another clamping component. Under the condition of firm connection, the upper and lower serially connected clamping components may not be in the same plane.

[0100] The above-mentioned blasthole plugging device has the following beneficial effects:

[0101] 1. The hydraulic blasting construction operation method is simple. It only needs to fill the water bag 14 and the blast hole filling device in the hole according to the design, which is convenient for construction personnel to work on site and improves construction efficiency.

[0102] 2. The materials are easy to obtain, the water bag 14 and the blasting stick with scale are easy to customize, and the design parameters of the blasting hole filling device are handed over to the mechanical processing factory, which can be customized in batches in the market, and the construction cost is low.

[0103] 3. During the construction process, the charging height and the filling length of the water bag 14 can be flexibly adjusted, and accurate filling can be achieved at the specified position.

[0104] 4. For blasting in the water hole area, the water bag 14 can be omitted, which is more conducive to the blast hole filling construction, effectively preventing the water hole from punching, prolonging the action time of the explosive gas and water medium on the rock, making full use of the explosive energy and enhancing the blasting effect, thereby improving the overall blasting quality of the water hole area.

[0105] 5. Compared with the traditional blasting construction, by taking advantage of the incompressible characteristics of water medium and good energy transfer efficiency, large blocks of rock in the filling section can be effectively broken. At the same time, compared with the traditional non-water pressure blasting, to achieve the same blasting effect, the filling and blasting construction method of the present invention can effectively improve the energy utilization rate of explosives, reduce the height of the charge in the hole to a certain extent, and save the amount of explosives.

[0106] 6. According to the actual filling requirements on site, the fixing components can be flexibly connected in series to continuously increase the blocking strength and improve the blocking effect of the blasthole.

[0107] 7. It can adapt to various blast hole plugging conditions on site, such as upward blast hole filling, downward blast hole filling, and segmented charging plugging in the hole.

[0108] 8. When encountering a blind shot or other situation where the hole filling device needs to be removed, the hole filling device can be flexibly removed through the pull rope mechanism on the device.

[0109] Embodiment 2:

[0110] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for plugging a blasthole, and the method for plugging a blasthole includes: S100-S200.

[0111] S100, after loading the explosive 13 and the detonator 12 in the blast hole, place the water bag 14.

[0112] S200, press the blasthole plugging device in Example 1 into the blasthole, so that the sealing disk 1 of the blasthole plugging device contacts the water bag 14, and the two ends of the fixing assembly are respectively pressed against the side walls of the blasthole to fix the blasthole plugging device in the blasthole.

[0113] When the explosive 13 in the blasthole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the clamping assembly through the blocking disk 1, and is applied to the side wall of the blasthole through the two ends of the clamping assembly, which increases the squeezing force between the two ends of the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blasthole, thereby increasing the friction between the two ends of the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blasthole, thereby increasing the connection strength between the clamping assembly and the side wall of the blasthole, making the blasthole plugging device more secure in the blasthole, enhancing the plugging effect of the blasthole plugging device on the blasthole, and improving the blasting quality. In addition, the blasthole plugging device has a simple structure and is easy to use, which can reduce the construction difficulty of on-site construction personnel and is conducive to improving construction efficiency. Compared with traditional blasting construction, by relying on the incompressible characteristics of water medium and good energy transfer efficiency, large blocks of rock in the filling section can be effectively broken. At the same time, compared with traditional non-hydraulic blasting, to achieve the same blasting effect, the use of the packing and blasting construction method of the present invention can effectively improve the energy utilization rate of explosives, reduce the charge height in the hole to a certain extent, and save the amount of explosives 13.

[0114] Embodiment 3:

[0115] The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below through some application scenario embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0116] Application scenario 1: Vertical dry hole hydraulic blasting and filling operation and construction in open-pit mines.

[0117] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in an open-pit coal mine, the hard rock layer overlying the coal seam is excavated by drilling and blasting. The blasthole is drilled vertically downward from the ground. The blasthole diameter is 138mm, the blasthole depth is 16.5m, the hole is dry, the mixed ammonium oil explosive 13 charging length is 12.5m, the water bag 14 filling length is 2m, and the blasthole filling device is 2m away from the hole mouth. The construction method adopts the following steps:

[0118] Step 1a: Explosives 13 and detonators 12 are loaded into the blasthole according to the design, and detonator leg wires 15 are led out.

[0119] Step 2a: Determine the length and diameter of the water bag 14 to be placed in the blocking section according to the designed length of the blocking section and the diameter of the blasthole. To facilitate the on-site transportation of the water bag 14, the maximum length of the water bag 14 is set to 50 cm. At the same time, to prevent the water bag 14 from being damaged and leaking during the lowering process in the hole, the water bag 14 is made of thickened wear-resistant plastic bags. After being filled with water, it is sealed and lowered to the designed position and height, and attention is paid to preventing the detonator foot line 15 from being damaged during the lowering process of the water bag 14.

[0120] Step 3a, press the blasthole plugging device into the blasthole to a certain depth (the end of the plugging plate 1 faces downward, and the end of the column seat 10 faces upward), and then use a scaled gun stick (the purpose is to accurately determine the position of the plugging device) to push the column seat 10 slowly downward to push the blasthole plugging device (because the peripheral contour of the plugging plate 1 is covered with a sealing sleeve 3, there is friction resistance between the silicone sleeve and the side wall of the blasthole, and there is also friction between the first clamping piece 5, the second clamping piece 6 and the side wall of the blasthole, so that after the external force of the gun stick is removed, the blasthole plugging device can remain stationary in the blasthole), so that the lower plugging plate 1 is in close contact with the top interface of the water bag 14, and at this time, the blasthole plugging device is pushed into place. When lowering the plugging device, ensure that the detonator foot line 15 passes through the gap between the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6, and prevent the sealing sleeve 3 from abrading the detonator foot line 15.

[0121] Step 4a, remove the gun rod, and fill the remaining filling section space on the top of the blasthole filling device with rock chips or crushed stones. At this point, the blasthole filling operation is completed.

[0122] Application scenario 2: Vertical water hole blasting and filling operations and construction in open-pit mines.

[0123] like Figure 7a and Figure 7bAs shown, in an open-pit coal mine, the drilling and blasting method is used to excavate the hard rock layer overlying the coal seam. The blasthole is drilled vertically downward from the ground. The blasthole diameter is 138mm, the blasthole depth is 16.5m, the hole is full of water, the mixed emulsion explosive 13 charging length is 12.5m, and the blasthole filling device is 2m away from the hole mouth. The construction method adopts the following steps:

[0124] Step 1b: Emulsion explosive 13 and detonator 12 are loaded into the blasthole according to the design, and the detonator leg wire 15 is led out.

[0125] Step 2b, press the blasthole plugging device into the blasthole to a certain depth (the end of the plugging plate 1 faces downward, and the end of the column seat 10 faces upward), and then use a scaled gun stick (the purpose is to accurately determine the position of the blasthole plugging device) to push the column seat 10 slowly downward to a position 2m away from the hole mouth (because the peripheral contour of the plugging plate 1 is covered with a sealing sleeve 3, there is friction resistance between the sealing sleeve 3 and the side wall of the blasthole, and there is also friction between the first clamping piece 5, the second clamping piece 6 and the side wall of the blasthole, so that after the external force of the gun stick is removed, the blasthole plugging device can remain stationary in the hole). At this time, there is a water column of about 2m between the lower plugging plate 1 of the blasthole plugging device and the top interface of the emulsion explosive 13 column. At this time, the blasthole plugging device is pushed into place. When lowering the blasthole plugging device, ensure that the detonator foot line 15 passes through the gap between the first clamping piece 5 and the second clamping piece 6, and prevent the sealing sleeve 3 from abrading the detonator foot line 15.

[0126] Step 3b: Remove the gun rods and fill the remaining filling section space above the gun hole filling device with crushed stones. At this point, the gun hole filling operation is completed.

[0127] Application scenario 3: Filling of upward drilling holes in underground mines.

[0128] like Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, in a well metal mine, a blast hole is drilled upward at an angle during a large-scale blasting operation. The blast hole diameter is 76 mm, the blast hole depth is 8 m, the charge length of the sticky granular explosive 13 is 4.5 m, the plugging length of the water bag 14 is 1.5 m, and the blast hole plugging device is 2 m away from the hole mouth. The plugging construction method adopts the following steps:

[0129] Step 1c: Fill the blasthole with sticky granular explosive 13 and detonator 12 according to the design, and lead out the detonator leg line 15.

[0130] Step 2c: Determine the length and diameter of the water bag 14 to be placed in the blocking section according to the designed length of the blocking section and the diameter of the blasthole. To facilitate the on-site filling of the water bag 14, the maximum length of the water bag 14 is set to 50 cm. At the same time, to prevent the water bag 14 from being damaged and leaking during the filling process in the hole, the water bag 14 is made of thickened wear-resistant plastic bags, which are filled with water and sealed to the designed position, and attention is paid to preventing the detonator foot line 15 from being damaged during the filling process of the water bag 14.

[0131] Step 3c, press the blasthole plugging device into the blasthole to a certain depth (with the sealing plate 1 facing upward and the column seat 10 facing downward), and then use a scaled gun stick (the purpose is to accurately determine the position of the plugging device) to push the column seat 10 and slowly push the blasthole plugging device upward to a position 2m away from the orifice. At this time, the sealing plate 1 of the blasthole plugging device is in close contact with the end face of the water bag 14 (in order to enhance the plugging effect of the blasthole plugging device, several groups of fixing components can be connected in series above the short column of the blasthole plugging device as needed, such as Figure 5 As shown), at this time, the blast hole plugging device is pushed into place. When placing the blast hole plugging device, ensure that the detonator leg line 15 passes through the gap between the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 6, and prevent the sealing sleeve 3 from wearing the detonator leg line 15.

[0132] Step 4c, remove the gun stick. At this point, the blast hole filling operation is completed.

[0133] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasthole plugging device, characterized in that: include: A plugging plate (1) is arranged in the blast hole and outside the explosive, and is used to plug the blast hole; and, A fixing component is connected to a side of the sealing disk (1) away from the explosive, and the two ends of the fixing component are respectively pressed against the side wall of the blast hole so that the blast hole filling device is fixed in the blast hole; when the explosive in the blast hole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the fixing component through the sealing disk (1), and then applied to the side wall of the blast hole through the two ends of the fixing component, thereby increasing the squeezing force and friction force between the two ends of the fixing component and the side wall of the blast hole.

2. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises: A rotating shaft (2) is arranged on a side of the sealing disk (1) away from the explosive and extends in the radial direction of the blast hole; A first clamping member (5) has a fan-shaped cross section and is rotatably disposed on the rotating shaft (2); the first clamping member (5) is an eccentric structure, and one end of the first clamping member (5) forms a first reverse hook; and, The second clamping member (6) has a fan-shaped cross-section, is rotatably disposed on the rotating shaft (2), and is connected to the first clamping member (5) via a torque member (7), and the torque member is sleeved on the rotating shaft (2); the second clamping member (6) is an eccentric structure, and one end of the second clamping member (6) forms a second reverse hook; When the first clamping member (5) and the second clamping member (6) rotate, the first reverse hook and the second reverse hook can be moved closer to or farther away from each other; when the first reverse hook and the second reverse hook are moved closer to each other, the torsion member (7) is compressed, and the maximum size of the cross section formed by the first clamping member (5) and the second clamping member (6) becomes smaller, that is, the distance between the outermost positions of the two becomes smaller; when the first reverse hook and the second reverse hook are moved away from each other, the torsion member (7) rebounds, and the maximum size of the cross section formed by the first clamping member (5) and the second clamping member (6) becomes larger, that is, the distance between the outermost positions of the two becomes larger; After the blast hole plugging device is fixed in the blast hole, the torsion piece (7) is in a pre-compression state so that the first counter-hook and the second counter-hook have a tendency to move away from each other; when the explosive in the blast hole explodes, the impact force of the explosive is transmitted to the first clamping piece (5) and the second clamping piece (6) through the sealing disk (1), and then applied to the side wall of the blast hole through the first counter-hook and the second counter-hook, thereby increasing the squeezing force and friction force between the first counter-hook and the second counter-hook and the side wall of the blast hole respectively.

3. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting member is provided on the rotating shaft (2), and the limiting member is used to limit the initial position of the torque member (7), so that when the torque member (7) is in a free state, the first clamping member (5) and the second clamping member (6) are provided on opposite sides of the rotating shaft (2).

4. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing assembly further comprises a vertical column (4), wherein the vertical column (4) is vertically fixed to a side of the blocking disk (1) away from the explosive, and vertically penetrates the rotating shaft (2) and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (2); There are two of each of the first clamping fixture (5) and the second clamping fixture (6), which are arranged in pairs. The two pairs of the first clamping fixture (5) and the second clamping fixture (6) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft (2).

5. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple fastening components, and the vertical columns (4) of the multiple fastening components are connected in sequence.

6. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical posts (4) of the fixing assembly are connected in sequence via threads; and / or, The vertical column (4) is connected to the sealing disk (1) via threads.

7. The blast hole plugging device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes a draw cord (11); One end of the pull rope (11) extends out of the blast hole, and the other end of the pull rope (11) is bifurcated into a first sub-pull rope and a second sub-pull rope; the first sub-pull rope is connected to the first clamping member (5), and the second sub-pull rope is connected to the second clamping member (6); When the pull rope (11) is stretched outward, the first reverse hook and the second reverse hook approach each other, so that the maximum dimensions of the cross sections of the first clamping member (5) and the second clamping member (6) become smaller, so as to remove the blast hole plugging device from the blast hole.

8. The blast hole plugging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A sealing sleeve (3) is provided between the sealing disk (1) and the blast hole.

9. The blast hole plugging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The surface of one side of the sealing disk (1) away from the fixing component is concave to form an energy gathering portion.

10. A method for plugging a blasthole, characterized in that: include: After the blasthole is filled with explosives and detonators, the water bag is placed; The blast hole plugging device described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is pressed into the blast hole so that the sealing disk (1) of the blast hole plugging device contacts the water bag, and the two ends of the fixing assembly are respectively pressed against the side walls of the blast hole to fix the blast hole plugging device in the blast hole.

Images