Oil reservoir water injection huff and puff oil increment prediction method and device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an oil reservoir water injection huff and puff oil increment prediction method and device, electronic equipment and a medium. The method comprises the steps that the index distribution range of water injection huff and puff oil increasing quantity key development indexes of a target oil reservoir sample well under different geological attributes is determined; the geological attributes comprise karst partition types, reservoir body types and reservoir internal structures; determining a target geological attribute of the to-be-predicted single well; and according to the index distribution range of the key development indexes of the sample well and the target geological attribute of the to-be-predicted single well, predicting the target index distribution range of the key development indexes of the to-be-predicted single well. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the water injection huff and puff oil replacement quantity of different karst areas, different reservoir body types and different reservoir internal structure characteristics can be better predicted, and fine development of the fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoir can be better supported; the method has an important guiding value for quantitative evaluation of oil increasing quantity and economic benefit of planned implementation of the water injection oil replacement well.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of fine description of carbonate reservoirs, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and medium for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection into a reservoir. Background Art

[0002] The reserve evaluation of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs has been the focus and hotspot of research in the past decade. Improving the accuracy and reliability of single-well recoverable reserve calculation has important guiding significance for the formulation and implementation of oilfield site management and benefit measures. In the prediction of single-well recoverable reserves of fracture-cavity carbonate, the amount of oil displaced by water injection occupies a very important position. The existing technical methods mainly focus on the research of the evaluation method of water injection and oil displaced by water injection. The prediction of single-well water injection oil displaced by water injection in different karst areas, different reservoir types, and different internal structural characteristics of reservoirs has not been studied.

[0003] At present, the evaluation methods for water injection and oil displacement in fracture-cavity reservoirs are mainly based on qualitative evaluation. The final evaluation results only give the effectiveness of water injection and oil displacement, but do not have the function of predicting the amount of water injection and oil displacement. Therefore, it cannot meet the production needs of single-well water injection and oil displacement efficiency development in fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs in different karst areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, electronic device and medium for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in oil reservoirs, so as to achieve better prediction of the increase in oil production by water injection in different karst areas, different reservoir types and different reservoir internal structure characteristics, and better support the refined development of fracture-cavity carbonate oil reservoirs.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir, comprising:

[0006] Determine the distribution range of key development indicators of water injection throughput and oil production increase of target reservoir sample wells under different geological attributes; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and reservoir internal structure;

[0007] Determine the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted;

[0008] According to the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the sample wells and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir, comprising:

[0010] The sample well index distribution range determination module is used to determine the index distribution range of the key development index of water injection throughput and oil increase of the target reservoir sample well under different geological attributes; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir;

[0011] A single well target geological attribute determination module is used to determine the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted;

[0012] The target indicator distribution range prediction module is used to predict the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the sample wells and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0014] one or more processors;

[0015] A storage device for storing one or more programs;

[0016] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for predicting the increase in oil production due to water injection in an oil reservoir as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the increase in oil production due to water injection in an oil reservoir as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for predicting the amount of oil replacement by water injection in oil reservoirs, by determining the index distribution range of the key development index of water injection in oil replacement under different geological attributes of the target oil reservoir sample well; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and reservoir internal structure; determining the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted; and predicting the target index distribution range of the key development index of the single well to be predicted based on the index distribution range of the key development index of the sample well and the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted to make full use of the actual data of the water injection in oil replacement wells that have been completed under the current technical conditions in different karst areas, so as to better predict the amount of oil replacement by water injection in different karst areas, different reservoir types and different reservoir internal structure characteristics, and the key development indicators related to the amount of oil replacement by water injection in single wells obtained can more objectively conform to the actual situation of the oil field site, can better support the fine development of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs, and have important guiding value for the quantitative evaluation of the oil replacement amount and economic benefits of the planned implementation of water injection in oil replacement wells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of another method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3A It is a schematic diagram of a production dynamic curve of a sample well before water injection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3B It is a schematic diagram of a production dynamic curve of a sample well after water injection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4A It is a schematic diagram of a production dynamic curve of a multi-cavity sample well before and after water injection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4B It is a schematic diagram of a production dynamic curve of an isolated cave sample well after water injection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4C It is a schematic diagram of a production dynamic curve of a fracture-hole type sample well before and after water injection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram summarizing the distribution range of key indicators of water injection throughput and oil increase in different karst areas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 6A A violin diagram of the oil replacement rate of water injection throughput and the oil increase ratio of water injection throughput in a multi-cavern reservoir in a fault-controlled karst area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6B A violin diagram showing the oil replacement rate of water injection throughput and the percentage of oil increase of water injection throughput in an isolated cave-type reservoir in a fault-controlled karst area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6C A violin diagram of the water injection throughput oil replacement rate and the water injection throughput oil increase ratio in an isolated cave-type reservoir in an interlayer karst area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.6DA violin diagram of the oil replacement rate of water injection throughput and the oil increase ratio of water injection throughput in a fracture-hole reservoir in an interlayer karst area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flow charts. Although the flow charts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations (or steps) therein can be implemented in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but can also have additional steps not included in the accompanying drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0036] Among them, the acquisition, storage, use and processing of data in the technical solution of this application are in compliance with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the case of predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection in an oil reservoir. The method of this embodiment can be executed by a device for predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection in an oil reservoir. The device can be implemented in hardware and / or software. The device can be configured in a server for predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection in an oil reservoir. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] S110. Determine the distribution range of key development indicators of water injection throughput increase in target reservoir sample wells under different geological attributes.

[0039] Among them, the sample wells may refer to wells that are currently developing and basically do not produce oil. An overall analysis is conducted on all developed wells in the entire region, and wells with single-well water injection and huff-and-puff are screened; based on the actual production dynamic characteristics of single-well water injection and huff-and-puff, wells that are currently developing and basically do not produce oil are screened as sample wells. The actual production dynamic characteristics may refer to the development without water before water injection, and after multiple rounds of water injection and huff-and-puff production, the current high water content intermittent production has basically no oil production; or the development has been water-containing before water injection, and after the transformation to water injection and huff-and-puff development, the water content has always been high and the production is low, and currently there is basically no oil production.

[0040] The distribution range of the key development indicators of water injection throughput increase oil volume is different under different geological attributes; by determining the different geological attributes of the target reservoir sample wells, the distribution range of the key development indicators of the sample wells is determined. The key development indicators of the sample wells include but are not limited to replacement rate, proportion of water injection increase oil volume, average well opening rate during water injection replacement oil volume, and average single well daily oil production during water injection replacement oil volume.

[0041] The geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and reservoir internal structure. Karst zoning can refer to the classification of karst according to the control factors of karst development; the karst zoning types include but are not limited to fault-controlled karst area, bedding karst area and platform margin karst area.

[0042] A reservoir may refer to a reservoir when the pores and holes that can serve as storage space for oil and gas are not distributed in layers but form irregular combinations within and between layers, so as to emphasize the heterogeneity of the reservoir; the reservoir types include but are not limited to multi-cavity type, isolated cave type and fracture-cavity type.

[0043] The internal structure of the reservoir may refer to the spatial connectivity, homogeneity and water activity inside the reservoir determined based on the water content characteristics before and after water injection as well as the oil-water differentiation characteristics of a single well; the internal structure of the reservoir includes good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity and inactive water; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity and inactive water; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity and inactive water; and good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity and active water.

[0044] S120, determining the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0045] The single well to be predicted may refer to a single well in different karst areas where water injection and huff-and-puff oil replacement are planned. The target geological attribute may refer to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted; in the embodiment of the present invention, the karst zoning type of the single well to be predicted can be determined based on the control factors of karst development; the reservoir type of the single well to be predicted can be determined based on the development dynamic characteristics of the wells planned to implement water injection and huff-and-puff oil replacement before water injection in different karst areas; the internal structure characteristics of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted can be determined based on the initial development dynamic characteristics of the wells planned to implement water injection and huff-and-puff oil replacement in different karst areas after water injection.

[0046] S130, predicting the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the single well to be predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the sample well and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0047] Among them, the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted are determined, and the target geological attributes are matched with the different address attributes of the sample wells, and the sample address attributes corresponding to the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted are determined; the target geological attributes are consistent with the geological attributes of the sample address attributes. According to the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the sample wells that have been obtained, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted. For example, the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted are fault-controlled karst area, multi-cavern type, and the internal structure of the reservoir is poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body; the target geological attributes are compared with multiple geological attributes of the sample wells to determine the target sample wells that are consistent with the target geological attributes; the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the target sample wells is determined, and the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted. For example, the target sample wells with the same fault-controlled karst area, multi-cavern type, and the internal structure of the reservoir is poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body have a replacement rate indicator distribution range of 0.27t / m 3 ~0.54t / m 3 , then the target index distribution range of the single well replacement rate to be predicted is 0.27t / m 3 ~0.54t / m 3 .

[0048] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting the amount of oil replacement by water injection and huffing in an oil reservoir, by determining the index distribution range of the key development index of the amount of oil replacement by water injection and huffing under different geological attributes of the target oil reservoir sample well; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir; determining the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted; and predicting the target index distribution range of the key development index of the single well to be predicted based on the index distribution range of the key development index of the sample well and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted to make full use of the actual data of the water injection and huffing development wells that have been completed under the current technical conditions in different karst areas, so that the amount of oil replacement by water injection and huffing in different karst areas, different reservoir types and different internal structural characteristics of the reservoir can be better predicted, and the key development indicators related to the amount of oil replacement by water injection and huffing in a single well obtained can more objectively conform to the actual situation of the oil field, can better support the fine development of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs, and have important guiding value for the quantitative evaluation of the oil replacement amount and economic benefits of the planned implementation of water injection and huffing wells.

[0049] Figure 2 The flowchart of a method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The embodiment of the present invention further optimizes the above embodiment on the basis of the above embodiment, and the embodiment of the present invention can be combined with various optional solutions in one or more of the above embodiments. Figure 2 As shown, the method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:

[0050] S210. Determine the karst zoning type of the target reservoir sample well.

[0051] The karst is classified according to the controlling factors of karst development; the karst zoning types include but are not limited to fault-controlled karst areas, bedding karst areas and platform margin karst areas. In the embodiment of the present invention, the karst zoning type of the sample well is determined by the controlling factors of karst development in the target reservoir.

[0052] S220. Determine the reservoir type of the karst zone of the sample well based on the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well during the self-flowing period before water injection.

[0053] The reservoir types include but are not limited to multi-cavity type, isolated cave type and fracture-hole type. Multi-cavity type reservoirs may refer to large fracture-hole reservoirs, which are composed of multiple caves and fractures in the reservoir; isolated cave type reservoirs may refer to reservoirs of relatively small and medium-sized relatively isolated caves, and the internal space of the reservoir is relatively isolated; fracture-hole type reservoirs may refer to reservoirs of small fractures, holes or fracture-hole combination styles, and the internal space of the reservoir is relatively small.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir types actually encountered in a single well are generally divided into multi-cavity type, isolated cave type and fracture-cavity type according to the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well in the self-flowing period before water injection.

[0055] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the reservoir type of the karst partition of the sample well is determined based on the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well during the self-flowing period before water injection, including but not limited to steps A1-A2:

[0056] Step A1: Determine the decline law of oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample well during the self-flowing period before water injection.

[0057] Step A2: Determine the reservoir type of the karst zone of the sample well according to the decline law of oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample well.

[0058] In an optional scheme of an embodiment of the present invention, the oil production in the self-flowing period before water injection of a single well decreases slowly, which is manifested as the production dynamic characteristics of high and stable production, high cumulative oil production and good economic benefits, and is generally manifested as the reservoir development characteristics of a large fracture-cavity reservoir body. The reservoir type encountered by this type of well is classified as a multi-cavity type.

[0059] In another optional scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the oil production in the self-flowing period before water injection of a single well is mainly characterized by rapid decline, and the production dynamics are characterized by no external energy supply, basically no stable production period, high cumulative oil production and certain economic benefits. The reservoir type encountered by this type of well is classified as an isolated cave type.

[0060] In another optional scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the oil production characteristics of a single well during the self-flowing period before water injection are mainly characterized by a certain initial production, but a sharp drop in production and pressure, a low cumulative oil production during the self-flowing period, and basically no economic benefits. The reservoir type encountered by this type of well is classified as a fracture and hole type.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir type of the karst zone of the sample well is determined by obtaining the decline law of the oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample well. Figure 3A The current sample wells have a slow decline in oil production before water injection, high and stable production, high cumulative oil production and good economic benefits, so the current sample wells are multi-cavern type reservoirs.

[0062] S230. Determine the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the sample well based on the production dynamic difference characteristics of the sample well before and after water injection.

[0063] Among them, according to the difference characteristics of production dynamics before and after water injection in the sample wells, the differences in the internal spatial structure of the reservoir encountered by the single wells are comprehensively judged in different karst areas to determine the internal structure of the reservoir in the karst partition of the sample wells. The internal structure of the reservoir in the karst partition of the sample wells includes good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity, and inactive water bodies; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water bodies; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water bodies; and good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity, and active water bodies. For example, Figure 3B As shown, the multi-cavity reservoir is mined without water before water injection, contains no water or has low water content in the initial stage after water injection, and has high water content in the later stage after multiple rounds of water injection. It can be determined that the internal structure of the multi-cavity reservoir is that the internal space connectivity of the reservoir is poor, the heterogeneity is strong, and the water body is inactive.

[0064] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the sample well is determined based on the production dynamic difference characteristics of the sample well before and after water injection, including but not limited to steps B1-B2:

[0065] Step B1: Determine the water content characteristics before water injection, the water content characteristics after water injection, and the oil-water differentiation characteristics of the sample well.

[0066] Step B2: Determine the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the sample well according to the water content characteristics before water injection, the water content characteristics after water injection, and the oil-water differentiation characteristics of the sample well.

[0067] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4A As shown, if the multi-cavity reservoir is not mined before water injection, and has high water content in the initial stage after water injection, and the water content decreases in the later stage and the oil-water differentiation is slow, then the internal structure of the multi-cavity reservoir is poor in internal spatial connectivity, strong inhomogeneity, and inactive water.

[0068] In another optional solution of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4B As shown, if the isolated cave-type reservoir is mined without water before water injection, contains no water or has low water content in the initial stage after water injection, and has high water content and rapid oil-water differentiation in the later stage after multiple rounds of water injection, then the internal structure of the reservoir of the isolated cave-type reservoir is that the internal space of the reservoir is well connected, the homogeneity is strong, and the water body is inactive.

[0069] In another optional scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, if a single well is produced without water before water injection, and is produced with high water content after water injection with basically no differentiation between oil and water, the internal structure of the reservoir of this type of reservoir is poor internal spatial connectivity, extremely strong heterogeneity and inactive water.

[0070] In another optional solution of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4C As shown, if the fracture-pore-type reservoir is produced with high water content after water injection and bottom water is seen before water injection, and the water content remains high after water injection and there is basically no differentiation between oil and water, then the internal structure of the fracture-pore-type reservoir is that the internal space of the reservoir is well connected, the homogeneity is strong, and the water body is active.

[0071] The karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample wells are summarized to obtain a summary analysis table of geological attributes of the sample wells as shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Summary and analysis of geological attributes of sample wells

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] S240. Determine the distribution range of the key development indicators of water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample wells based on the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir.

[0077] Among them, according to the reservoir types actually encountered by sample wells in different karst areas and the classification results of the internal structure of the reservoir, the key development indicators related to the increase in oil production by water injection into single wells are calculated; the key development indicators include: replacement rate, proportion of water injection increase in oil production, average well opening rate during water injection replacement of oil production, and average daily oil production per well during water injection replacement of oil production. Based on the key development indicators of the increase in oil production by water injection into sample wells, the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the increase in oil production by water injection into sample wells is determined.

[0078] As an optional but non-limiting implementation method, the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of water injection throughput oil increase of the sample well is determined based on the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well, including but not limited to steps C1-C3:

[0079] Step C1: According to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well, determine the key development indicators of the sample well water injection throughput increase under the conditions of different karst zoning types, different reservoir types and different internal structures of the reservoir.

[0080] When determining the replacement rate of the sample well, it is necessary to count the parameters of the sample well during the closed water injection and oil displacement cycle. The replacement rate of the sample well is:

[0081]

[0082] The proportion of water injection and oil displacement is:

[0083]

[0084] The average well opening rate during the water injection and oil displacement period is:

[0085]

[0086] The average daily oil production per well during the water injection and oil displacement period is:

[0087]

[0088] The replacement rate, proportion of water injection oil production, average well opening rate during water injection and average daily oil production per well during water injection were summarized to obtain a summary table of key development indicators of water injection throughput for some sample wells as shown in Table 2.

[0089] Table 2 Summary of key development indicators of water injection throughput and oil displacement of some sample wells

[0090]

[0091] Step C2: Based on the key development indicators of the sample wells’ water injection throughput increase in oil production, violin plots of the key development indicators of the sample wells’ water injection throughput increase in oil production are drawn under different karst zoning types, different reservoir types, and different reservoir internal structures.

[0092] The violin plot can refer to a method of drawing continuous data, which is a combination of a box plot and a kernel density plot. The advantage of using a violin plot to analyze and evaluate the distribution range of the water injection throughput increase of a single well is that it can analyze the quartile range of different karst areas, different reservoir types and different reservoir internal structure characteristics, and at the same time, it can also clarify the probability of data point distribution within different quartile ranges, so as to give an overall range of water injection throughput increase under different conditions.

[0093] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the calculated key development indicators related to the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample wells, the key development indicator data is summarized and classified and analyzed, and a basic data table is formed, such as Figure 5 ; Violin plots are drawn according to different karst types, different reservoir types, and different reservoir internal structure characteristics.

[0094] Step C3: Determine the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput increase in oil production of the sample wells according to the violin plot of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput increase in oil production of the sample wells.

[0095] Among them, according to the violin plot of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample well, the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the sample well is determined. Fig. 6A The violin diagram of the water injection huff-and-puff oil replacement rate and the water injection huff-and-puff oil increase ratio in the fault-controlled karst multi-cavern reservoirs shows that the distribution range of the index of the replacement rate in the fault-controlled karst multi-cavern reservoirs is 0.27t / m 3 ~0.54t / m 3 , the water injection throughput increases oil production by 47% to 80%. Figure 6B The violin diagram of the water injection huff-and-puff oil replacement rate and the water injection huff-and-puff oil increase ratio in the isolated cave-type reservoir in the fault-controlled karst area shows that the distribution range of the index of the replacement rate of the isolated cave-type reservoir in the fault-controlled karst area is 0.28t / m 3 ~0.43t / m 3 , the proportion of water injection throughput increase is 48% to 73%. Figure 6C The violin diagram of the water injection huff-and-puff oil replacement rate and the water injection huff-and-puff oil increase ratio in the isolated cave-type reservoir in the interlayer karst zone (bedding karst zone + platform margin karst zone) shows that the distribution range of the index of the isolated cave-type replacement rate in the interlayer karst zone (bedding karst zone + platform margin karst zone) is 0.22 t / m 3 ~0.35t / m 3 , the proportion of water injection throughput increase is 42% to 76%. Fig.6D The violin diagram of the replacement rate of water injection and oil displacement in the fracture-cavity reservoir in the interlayer karst zone (bedding karst zone + platform margin karst zone) and the percentage of water injection and oil increase can determine that the distribution range of the index of isolated cave-type replacement rate in the fault-controlled karst zone is 0.04t / m 3 ~0.17t / m 3 , the increase in oil production due to water injection accounts for 31% to 55%.

[0096] S250, determining the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0097] Among them, the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted can be determined based on the production dynamic characteristics of the single well to be predicted before and after water injection and the controlling factors of karst development.

[0098] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the determination of the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted includes but is not limited to steps D1-D3:

[0099] Step D1: Determine the karst zoning type of the single well to be predicted.

[0100] Step D2: Determine the reservoir type of the karst partition of the single well to be predicted based on the production dynamic characteristics of the single well to be predicted during the self-flowing period before water injection.

[0101] Step D3: Determine the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the single well to be predicted based on the production dynamic difference characteristics before and after water injection of the single well to be predicted.

[0102] Among them, the type of reservoir body actually drilled in the single well to be predicted is determined by evaluating the development dynamic characteristics of the planned water injection and huff-and-puff oil wells before water injection in different karst areas; the internal structural characteristics of the reservoir actually drilled in the single well to be predicted are determined by evaluating the development dynamic characteristics of the planned water injection and huff-and-puff oil wells in different karst areas after water injection. For example, the single well to be predicted is a single well in a fault-controlled karst area; the oil production in the self-flowing period before water injection in the single well decreases slowly, showing the production dynamic characteristics of high and stable production, high cumulative oil production and good economic benefits; no water is produced before water injection, high water content is produced in the initial stage after water injection, and water content decreases in the later stage with slow oil-water differentiation; then the single well to be predicted is a multi-cave single well in a fault-controlled karst area, and the internal results of the reservoir are that the internal spatial connectivity of the reservoir is poor, the heterogeneity is strong, and the water body is inactive.

[0103] S260. Predict the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the single well to be predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the sample well and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0104] Among them, after determining the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted, the sample geological attributes of the sample wells consistent with the target geological attributes and the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes are determined; based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted.

[0105] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the single well to be predicted is predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the sample well and the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted, including but not limited to steps E1-E3:

[0106] Step E1: Determine the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted based on the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0107] Step E2: Determine the sample geological attributes corresponding to the sample well and the distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes according to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted.

[0108] Step E3: predicting the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the single well to be predicted based on the sample geological attributes corresponding to the sample wells and the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator under the sample geological attributes.

[0109] Among them, the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted are fault-controlled karst area, multi-cavern type, poor spatial connectivity within the reservoir, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body. After determining the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted, determine the sample geological attributes of the sample wells that are consistent with the target geological attributes; determine the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes, and predict the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes.

[0110] In an optional solution of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 The data in the table determine the distribution range of key development indicators under sample geological attributes, so as to predict the target distribution range of key development indicators of the single well to be predicted.

[0111] In another optional scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes can be determined by drawing a violin plot of the key development indicators of the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample well, so as to predict the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted.

[0112] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection throughput in an oil reservoir, by determining the karst zoning type of a sample well of a target oil reservoir; the karst zoning type includes a fault-controlled karst zone, a bedding karst zone and a platform-margin karst zone; determining the reservoir type of the karst zoning of the sample well according to the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well in the self-flowing period before water injection; the reservoir type includes a multi-cavern type, an isolated cave type and a fracture-hole type; determining the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst zoning reservoir of the sample well according to the production dynamic difference characteristics before and after water injection of the sample well; determining the index distribution range of the key development index of the sample well by water injection throughput according to the karst zoning type, the reservoir type and the internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well; determining the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted; predicting the target index distribution range of the key development index of the single well to be predicted according to the index distribution range of the key development index of the sample well and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to meet the needs of full life cycle management of carbonate oil wells, the present invention specifically carries out systematic evaluation research on the single-well water injection throughput increase of fracture-cavity carbonate oil reservoirs in different karst areas with extremely strong reservoir heterogeneity. In the process of predicting the single-well water injection throughput increase, various dynamic and static data are fully utilized to calculate key indicators such as the replacement rate of sample well points that have been fully mined by current technology in different karst areas, the proportion of water injection oil replacement, the average well opening rate during water injection oil replacement, and the average daily oil production of a single well during water injection oil replacement. The research results can better predict the water injection throughput oil replacement in different karst areas, different reservoir types and different reservoir internal structure characteristics, and can better support the refined development of fracture-cavity carbonate oil reservoirs.

[0113] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The technical solution of this embodiment can be applied to the situation of predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir. The device can be implemented by software and / or hardware, and is generally integrated on any electronic device with network communication function, including but not limited to: servers, computers, personal digital assistants and other devices. Figure 7 As shown, the reservoir water injection throughput prediction device provided in this embodiment may include: a sample well index distribution range determination module 710, a single well target geological attribute determination module 720 and a target index distribution range prediction module 730; wherein,

[0114] The sample well index distribution range determination module 710 is used to determine the index distribution range of the key development index of water injection throughput and oil increase of the target oil reservoir sample well under different geological attributes; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and reservoir internal structure;

[0115] A single well target geological attribute determination module 720 is used to determine the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted;

[0116] The target indicator distribution range prediction module 730 is used to predict the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the single well to be predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the sample well and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

[0117] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the sample well index distribution range determination module includes:

[0118] Determine the karst zoning type of the target reservoir sample well; the karst zoning type includes fault-controlled karst area, bedding karst area and platform margin karst area;

[0119] According to the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well during the self-flowing period before water injection, the reservoir type of the sample well karst zone is determined; the reservoir types include multi-cavity type, isolated cave type and fracture-cavity type;

[0120] Based on the production dynamic difference characteristics of the sample wells before and after water injection, the internal structure of the reservoir in the karst zone of the sample wells is determined;

[0121] According to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well, the distribution range of key development indicators of water injection throughput increase in the sample well is determined; the key development indicators include replacement rate, proportion of water injection oil increase, average well opening rate during water injection and average daily oil production per well during water injection.

[0122] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the sample well index distribution range determination module further includes:

[0123] Determine the decline law of oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample wells during the self-flowing period before water injection;

[0124] The reservoir type of the karst zone of the sample well is determined based on the decline law of oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample well.

[0125] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the sample well index distribution range determination module further includes:

[0126] Determine the water content characteristics before and after water injection as well as the oil-water differentiation characteristics of the sample wells;

[0127] Determine the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the sample well according to the water content characteristics before water injection, the water content characteristics after water injection, and the oil-water differentiation characteristics of the sample well;

[0128] Among them, the internal structure of the karst zone reservoir of the sample well includes good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity, and inactive water body; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body; and good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity, and active water body.

[0129] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the sample well index distribution range determination module further includes:

[0130] According to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well, determine the key development indicators of the sample well water injection throughput increase under the conditions of different karst zoning types, different reservoir types and different internal structures of the reservoir;

[0131] According to the key development index of sample well water injection throughput oil increase, violin plots of the key development index of sample well water injection throughput oil increase were drawn under different karst zoning types, different reservoir types and different reservoir internal structures.

[0132] According to the violin plot of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample well, the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample well is determined.

[0133] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the single well target geological attribute determination module includes:

[0134] Determine the karst zoning type of the single well to be predicted;

[0135] According to the production dynamic characteristics of the single well to be predicted during the self-flowing period before water injection, the reservoir type of the karst zone of the single well to be predicted is determined;

[0136] Based on the production dynamic difference characteristics of the single well to be predicted before and after water injection, the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition of the single well to be predicted is determined.

[0137] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the target indicator distribution range prediction module includes:

[0138] Determine the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted according to the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted;

[0139] Determine the sample geological attributes corresponding to the sample well and the index distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes according to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted;

[0140] According to the sample geological attributes corresponding to the sample wells and the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted.

[0141] The reservoir water injection throughput increase oil production prediction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the reservoir water injection throughput increase oil production prediction method provided in any of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of executing the oil reservoir water injection throughput increase oil production prediction method. For detailed process, please refer to the relevant operations of the oil reservoir water injection throughput increase oil production prediction method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0142] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 10 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0143] like Figure 8As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0144] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0145] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection.

[0146] In some embodiments, the method for predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the method for predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection described above can be executed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to execute the method for predicting the increase in oil volume due to water injection in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).

[0147] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0148] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0149] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0150] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0151] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0152] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0153] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0154] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine the distribution range of key development indicators of water injection throughput and oil production increase of target reservoir sample wells under different geological attributes; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and reservoir internal structure; Determine the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted; According to the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the sample wells and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of water injection throughput increase in target reservoir sample wells under different geological attributes is determined, including: Determine the karst zoning type of the target reservoir sample well; the karst zoning type includes fault-controlled karst area, bedding karst area and platform margin karst area; According to the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well during the self-flowing period before water injection, the reservoir type of the sample well karst zone is determined; the reservoir types include multi-cavity type, isolated cave type and fracture-cavity type; Based on the production dynamic difference characteristics of the sample wells before and after water injection, the internal structure of the reservoir in the karst zone of the sample wells is determined; According to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well, the distribution range of key development indicators of water injection throughput increase in the sample well is determined; the key development indicators include replacement rate, proportion of water injection oil increase, average well opening rate during water injection and average daily oil production per well during water injection.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The reservoir type of the karst partition of the sample well is determined based on the production dynamic characteristics of the sample well during the self-flowing period before water injection, including: Determine the decline law of oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample wells during the self-flowing period before water injection; The reservoir type of the karst zone of the sample well is determined based on the decline law of oil production, reservoir development characteristics and economic benefits of the sample well.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of determining the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the sample well based on the production dynamic difference characteristics before and after water injection of the sample well includes: Determine the water content characteristics before and after water injection as well as the oil-water differentiation characteristics of the sample wells; Determine the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition reservoir of the sample well according to the water content characteristics before water injection, the water content characteristics after water injection, and the oil-water differentiation characteristics of the sample well; Among them, the internal structure of the karst zone reservoir of the sample well includes good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity, and inactive water body; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body; poor internal spatial connectivity, strong heterogeneity, and inactive water body; and good internal spatial connectivity, strong homogeneity, and active water body.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution range of the key development indicators of water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample wells is determined based on the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample wells, including: According to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the sample well, determine the key development indicators of the sample well water injection throughput increase under the conditions of different karst zoning types, different reservoir types and different internal structures of the reservoir; According to the key development index of sample well water injection throughput oil increase, violin plots of the key development index of sample well water injection throughput oil increase were drawn under different karst zoning types, different reservoir types and different reservoir internal structures. According to the violin plot of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample well, the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the water injection throughput and oil increase of the sample well is determined.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted includes: Determine the karst zoning type of the single well to be predicted; According to the production dynamic characteristics of the single well to be predicted during the self-flowing period before water injection, the reservoir type of the karst zone of the single well to be predicted is determined; Based on the production dynamic difference characteristics of the single well to be predicted before and after water injection, the internal structure of the reservoir of the karst partition of the single well to be predicted is determined.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the single well to be predicted is predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicator of the sample well and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted, including: Determine the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted according to the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted; Determine the sample geological attributes corresponding to the sample well and the index distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes according to the karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir of the single well to be predicted; According to the sample geological attributes corresponding to the sample wells and the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators under the sample geological attributes, the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted is predicted.

8. A device for predicting the increase in oil production by water injection in an oil reservoir, characterized in that: The device comprises: The sample well index distribution range determination module is used to determine the index distribution range of the key development index of water injection throughput and oil increase of the target reservoir sample well under different geological attributes; the geological attributes include karst zoning type, reservoir type and internal structure of the reservoir; A single well target geological attribute determination module is used to determine the target geological attribute of the single well to be predicted; The target indicator distribution range prediction module is used to predict the target indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the single well to be predicted based on the indicator distribution range of the key development indicators of the sample wells and the target geological attributes of the single well to be predicted.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for predicting the increase in oil production due to water injection in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A storage medium containing computer executable instructions, characterized in that: The computer executable instructions are used to execute the method for predicting the increase in oil production due to water injection in an oil reservoir as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by a computer processor.

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