A motor that shares both AC and DC high and low voltages

Abstract

The present invention discloses a motor that shares AC and DC high and low voltages, which relates to the technical field of motors and includes a motor body. The motor body includes a rear shell, a stator coil, a coil group, a rotor assembly, an intermediate shaft, a low-voltage brush group, a high-voltage brush group, a first commutator, a second commutator, and two fixing brackets. Among them, an identification circuit for identifying high and low voltage power supplies is arranged inside the rear shell. The present invention can adapt to AC high-voltage direct current and low-voltage AC direct current. Therefore, the present invention can adapt to a variety of power supplies, improving the scope of application of the present invention. At the same time, the present invention has two different rotors, namely an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is used for high voltage and the inner ring is used for low voltage. (If the same rotor is used, the low-voltage power supply may not be able to drive the rotor or cause the rotational speed of the rotor to be lower than that under the high-voltage power supply), thereby ensuring the output efficiency of the present invention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly to a motor that can be used for both AC and DC high and low voltages. Background Art

[0002] In the field of motors for current electrical appliances, micro series-excited motors and DC motors are widely used.

[0003] After retrieval, the patent document with the publication number CN217198367U discloses an AC-DC motor based on a small-resistance and highly conductive coil, including a motor housing, a protective housing, heat sinks, a filter screen, a transmission rotating rod, a first cooling fan, bearings, a rotor, a rotor winding, a second cooling fan, and a stator. The beneficial effects of this patent are as follows: Both ends of the transmission rotating rod in this patent are connected to bearings and are fixedly connected to the inner rings of the bearings, and the bearings are of an all-ceramic structure. The all-ceramic structure bearings reduce the resistance between the transmission rotating rod and the motor housing, enabling the transmission rotating rod to rotate rapidly inside the motor housing. In this patent, both the rotor and the stator are made of a combination of silicon steel sheets to form an integral structure, and insulating pads are provided between adjacent silicon steel sheets. Moreover, both the rotor winding and the stator winding are made of high-purity copper materials with small resistance and high conductivity. The high-purity copper materials reduce the resistance of the coils and endow them with high conductivity, and the insulating pads between adjacent silicon steel sheets are used to prevent eddy currents from being generated in the windings.

[0004] However, the above invention has the following deficiencies: An AC-DC motor is a motor that can conduct both AC and DC currents. Generally, AC-DC motors are designed for high-voltage currents, that is, general AC-DC motors can only be adapted to one voltage or one power supply method, which brings many inconveniences in actual use. Taking an air mattress as an example, a high-voltage motor (usually 100 - 220V) is required in an indoor environment, while a low-voltage motor (such as the output power of some cars is 12V) must be used outdoors. This forces people to purchase two sets of motors to meet the requirements of different indoor and outdoor scenarios, not only causing serious waste of resources but also greatly increasing the usage cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a motor that can be used for both AC and DC high and low voltages to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: A motor that can be used for both AC and DC high and low voltages, including a motor body, and the motor body includes a rear shell, a stator coil, a coil group, a rotor assembly, an intermediate shaft, a low-voltage brush group, a high-voltage brush group, a first commutator, a second commutator, and two fixing brackets;

[0007] Among them, an identification circuit for identifying high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies is arranged inside the rear shell; both ends of the stator coil are fixed to two fixing frames respectively, and two semi-circular permanent magnets are fixed inside the stator coil, and one of the fixing frames is fixed to the rear shell; both ends of the intermediate shaft are rotatably installed on the two fixing frames; the rotor assembly includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve arranged inside the outer sleeve, and both the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are sleeved on the intermediate shaft, and first connection mechanisms and second connection mechanisms capable of driving the intermediate shaft are arranged at opposite ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve; a first commutator and a second commutator are respectively arranged on the first connection mechanism and the second connection mechanism; a low-voltage brush set and a high-voltage brush set are respectively arranged on the two fixing frames; the coil group includes a low-voltage coil and a high-voltage coil, the low-voltage coil is wound around the outer sleeve and is electrically connected to the first commutator, the high-voltage coil is wound around the outer sleeve and is electrically connected to the second commutator, the low-voltage brush set introduces low-voltage direct current into the first commutator, and the high-voltage brush set introduces low-voltage direct current into the second commutator.

[0008] Preferably, an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the high-voltage brush and the low-voltage brush have the same structure and both include two conductive sheets, two conductive columns, two first springs and two carbon brushes. The two conductive sheets are respectively fixed on both sides of the fixing frame. One end of the conductive column is fixed on the conductive sheet. The carbon brush is slidably sleeved on the conductive column and is slidably inserted into the socket. The first spring is sleeved on the conductive column. The carbon brushes on the two fixing frames are respectively in contact with the first commutator and the second commutator by the elastic force of the first spring.

[0010] Preferably, the first connection mechanism includes a first cylindrical sleeve, the second connection mechanism includes a second cylindrical sleeve, the first cylindrical sleeve is coaxially fixed to the outer sleeve, the second cylindrical sleeve is coaxially fixed to the inner sleeve, the intermediate shaft includes an output shaft and a small-diameter shaft coaxially arranged with it, both the first cylindrical sleeve and the second cylindrical sleeve are sleeved on the small-diameter shaft, and a first bearing for relative rotation between the two is arranged between the first cylindrical sleeve and the small-diameter shaft, and a first bearing for relative rotation between the two is arranged between the second cylindrical sleeve and the small-diameter shaft.

[0011] Preferably, both the first bearing and the second bearing are one-way bearings.

[0012] Preferably, the identification circuit includes a single-wire circuit, a single-pole double-throw switch, and a second rectifier bridge. Carbon brushes of one of the low-voltage brush sets and carbon brushes of one of the high-voltage brush sets are respectively connected to a first input circuit and a second input circuit. Carbon brushes of the other of the low-voltage brush sets and carbon brushes of the other of the high-voltage brush sets are respectively connected to a first output circuit and a second output circuit. One ends of the first input circuit and the second input circuit are respectively placed on both sides of the single-pole double-throw switch and are both equipped with interfaces adapted to the single-pole double-throw switch. The positive output terminal of the first rectifier bridge is connected to the single-pole double-throw switch. Two AC input terminals of the first rectifier bridge are both installed on the single-wire circuit through wires. One end of the first output circuit and one end of the second output circuit are both connected to the negative input terminal of the first rectifier bridge. A first diode and a second diode are respectively installed on the first output circuit and the second output circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the identification circuit further includes a second rectifier bridge, a PPTC protector, a first load resistor, a second load resistor, a first electromagnet, and a second electromagnet. Two AC input terminals of the second rectifier bridge are both installed on the single-wire circuit through wires. The first load resistor, the second load resistor, and the second rectifier bridge are connected in series. The PPTC protector and the first electromagnet are connected in series and are connected in parallel with the first load resistor after being connected in series. The second electromagnet is connected in parallel with the second load resistor. The first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are respectively arranged on both sides of the single-pole double-throw switch. Armatures are fixed on both sides of the blade of the single-pole double-throw switch. A third spring is fixed to the blade of the single-pole double-throw switch, and one end of the third spring is fixed to the rear case.

[0014] The present invention provides an improved motor that shares AC and DC high and low voltages herein. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] First: The present invention can be adapted to AC high-voltage direct current and low-voltage AC and DC. Therefore, the present invention can be adapted to a variety of power supplies, improving the applicable range of the present invention. At the same time, the present invention has two different rotors, namely an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is used for high voltage, and the inner ring is used for low voltage. (If the same rotor is used, the low-voltage power supply may not be able to drive the rotor or make the rotation speed of the rotor lower than that under the high-voltage power supply), thereby ensuring the output efficiency of the present invention.

[0016] Second: The present invention is provided with an identification circuit. The identification circuit can automatically identify high-voltage power supplies and low-voltage power supplies, and can convert alternating current into direct current, preventing the misconnection of high-voltage power supplies and low-voltage brush groups or the misconnection of low-voltage power supplies and high-voltage brush groups (if a high-voltage power supply is misconnected to a low-voltage brush group, the low-voltage coil on the inner ring will be overloaded and burned out; if a low-voltage power supply is misconnected to a high-voltage brush group, the current in the high-voltage coil on the outer ring will be too small, so that the outer ring cannot rotate normally), thus ensuring that the motor body can work properly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is an exploded three-dimensional structure diagram of the electronic body of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the fixing bracket of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotor assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the conductive sheet, conductive column, first spring and carbon brush of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the stator coil and permanent magnet of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic structure diagram of the intermediate shaft of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is an exploded three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotor assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the outer ring of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the inner ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the identification circuit of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Signs:

[0030] 1. Rear shell; 2. Motor body; 3. High-voltage brush set; 4. Low-voltage brush set; 5. Stator coil; 6. Permanent magnet; 7. Coil set; 8. Intermediate shaft; 9. First commutator; 10. Fixed bracket; 11. Socket; 12. Rotor assembly; 13. Carbon brush; 14. Conductive sheet; 15. Conductive column; 16. First spring; 17. Output shaft; 18. Small-diameter shaft; 19. First diode; 20. First bearing; 21. Outer sleeve; 22. First cylindrical sleeve; 23. Inner sleeve; 24. Second cylindrical sleeve; 25. Second bearing; 26. Armature; 27. Single-pole double-throw switch; 28. Second commutator; 29. Second diode; 30. Single-wire circuit; 31. First rectifier bridge; 32. First load resistor; 33. PPTC protector; 34. First electromagnet; 35. Second load resistor; 36. Second electromagnet; 37. Second rectifier bridge. Detailed Embodiment

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a motor that shares AC and DC high and low voltages through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0033] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a motor that shares AC and DC high and low voltages, including a motor body 2. The motor body 2 includes a rear shell 1, a stator coil 5, a coil set 7, a rotor assembly 12, an intermediate shaft 8, a low-voltage brush set 4, a high-voltage brush set 3, a first commutator 9, a second commutator 28, and two fixed brackets 10;

[0034] Among them, the material of the rear shell 1 is selected as an insulating material. To prevent electric leakage, an identification circuit for identifying high and low voltage power sources is provided inside the rear shell 1; Refer to Figure 6 shown, both ends of the stator coil 5 are fixed to the two fixed brackets 10 respectively. Two semi-circular permanent magnets 6 are fixed inside the stator coil 5. The stator coil 5 and the permanent magnet 6 mainly refer to the design of existing technology motors, and the material of the stator coil 5 is not limited. One of the fixed brackets 10 is fixed to the rear shell 1; Refer to Figure 1 shown, both ends of the intermediate shaft 8 are rotatably installed on the two fixed brackets 10. It can be seen from this that the intermediate shaft 8 rotates axially between the two fixed brackets 10; Refer to Figure 8As shown, the rotor assembly 12 includes an outer sleeve 21 and an inner sleeve 23 disposed within the outer sleeve 21. The outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 23 are capable of relative rotation, and both the outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 23 are sleeved on the intermediate shaft 8. A first connection mechanism and a second connection mechanism capable of driving the intermediate shaft 8 are disposed at opposite ends of the outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 23; reference Figure 4 As shown, a first commutator 9 and a second commutator 28 are respectively disposed on the first connection mechanism and the second connection mechanism; reference Figure 1 As shown, a low-voltage brush set 4 and a high-voltage brush set 3 are respectively disposed on two fixing brackets 10; reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coil assembly 7 includes a low-voltage coil and a high-voltage coil. The low-voltage coil is wound around the outer sleeve 21 and is electrically connected to the first commutator 9, and the high-voltage coil is wound around the outer sleeve 21 and is electrically connected to the second commutator 28. Here, the outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 23 are further described. Both the outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 23 are provided with wire-winding holes. The winding methods of the low-voltage coil and the high-voltage coil are the same as those of the coils in a conventional motor. The low-voltage brush set 4 introduces low-voltage direct current into the first commutator 9, and the high-voltage brush set 3 introduces low-voltage direct current into the second commutator 28; from the above, it can be seen that the present invention has two different rotors, namely the outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 23. The outer sleeve 21 is used for high voltage, and the inner sleeve 23 is used for low voltage, because if the same rotor is used, the low-voltage power supply may not be able to drive the rotor, or the rotational speed of the rotor may be lower than that of the rotor under the high-voltage power supply, thereby ensuring the output efficiency of the present invention.

[0035] Further, in combination with the attached Figure 11 As shown, an insulating layer is disposed on the outer side of the inner sleeve 23. Regarding the insulating layer, a tin foil layer for shielding the magnetic field (or other materials capable of shielding or isolating the magnetic field, which are not limited herein) is embedded inside the insulating layer, and the outer side of the insulating layer can be made of a material capable of isolating current; when the coils on the outer sleeve 21 or the inner sleeve 23 are energized, a magnetic field can be generated. When one of the coils rotates around the central axis, the other coil will cut the magnetic field of the rotating coil, thereby generating an induced current and forming a magnetic resistance, thus increasing the energy consumed for the output. The insulating layer can prevent the occurrence of the above situation.

[0036] Further, in combination with the attached Figure 5As shown, the high-voltage brush and the low-voltage brush have the same structure and both include two conductive sheets 14, two conductive columns 15, two first springs 16, and two carbon brushes 13. The two conductive sheets 14 are respectively fixed on both sides of the fixed frame 10. One end of the conductive column 15 is fixed on the conductive sheet 14. The carbon brush 13 is slidably sleeved on the conductive column 15, and the carbon brush 13 is slidably inserted into the socket 11. The first spring 16 is sleeved on the conductive column 15. The carbon brushes 13 on the two fixed frames 10 are respectively in contact with the first commutator 9 and the second commutator 28 by the elastic force of the first spring 16. From the above, it can be seen that the carbon brush 13 is respectively in contact with the first commutator 9 by the elastic force of the first spring 16. When the carbon brush 13 wears, the carbon brush 13 will be pushed out a certain distance by the first spring 16, so as to always ensure that the carbon brushes 13 on the two fixed frames 10 can be in contact with the corresponding first commutator 9 and the second commutator 28.

[0037] Further, in combination with the attached Figures 8 - 10 As shown, the first connection mechanism includes a first cylindrical sleeve 22, and the second connection mechanism includes a second cylindrical sleeve 24. The first cylindrical sleeve 22 is coaxially fixed with the outer sleeve 21, and the second cylindrical sleeve 24 is coaxially fixed with the inner sleeve 23. The intermediate shaft 8 includes an output shaft 17 and a small-diameter shaft 18 coaxially arranged with it. Both the first cylindrical sleeve 22 and the second cylindrical sleeve 24 are sleeved on the small-diameter shaft 18. A first bearing 20 for relative rotation between the two is provided between the first cylindrical sleeve 22 and the small-diameter shaft 18, and a second bearing 25 for relative rotation between the two is provided between the second cylindrical sleeve 24 and the small-diameter shaft 18. From the above description, it can be seen that: the outer sleeve 21 rotates the central shaft through the first cylindrical sleeve 22 and the first bearing 20. Similarly, the inner sleeve 23 rotates the central shaft through the second cylindrical sleeve 24 and the first bearing 20.

[0038] Further, in combination with the attached Figure 8 and the attached Figure 10 As shown, both the first bearing 20 and the second bearing 25 are one-way bearings. When a ratchet mechanism (this mechanism is a prior art) is provided between the inner and outer rings of the one-way bearing, for example, when the outer ring of the one-way bearing rotates clockwise (here clockwise is just an example), the outer ring of the one-way bearing can drive the inner ring of the one-way bearing to rotate, but the inner ring of the one-way bearing rotating clockwise cannot drive the outer ring of the one-way bearing. In this way, it can be ensured that the outer sleeve 21 rotates clockwise. The outer sleeve 21 can drive the central shaft to rotate through the first bearing 20. The inner ring of the second bearing 25 rotates with the central shaft, but the inner ring of the second bearing 25 cannot drive the inner sleeve 23 fixed to the outer ring of the second bearing 25 to rotate. Similarly, when the inner sleeve rotates, the outer sleeve 21 cannot rotate, ensuring that the two can rotate relative to each other and reducing the load when the outer sleeve 21 or the inner sleeve 23 rotates.

[0039] Further, in combination with the attached Figure 11As shown, the recognition circuit includes a single-wire circuit 30, a single-pole double-throw switch 27, and a second rectifier bridge 37. One carbon brush 13 of the low-voltage brush set 4 and one carbon brush 13 of the high-voltage brush set 3 are respectively connected to a first input circuit and a second input circuit. The other carbon brush 13 of the low-voltage brush set 4 and the other carbon brush 13 of the high-voltage brush set 3 are respectively connected to a first output circuit and a second output circuit. One ends of the first input circuit and the second input circuit are respectively placed on both sides of the single-pole double-throw switch 27 and are both equipped with interfaces adapted to the single-pole double-throw switch 27. The positive output terminal of the first rectifier bridge 31 is connected to the single-pole double-throw switch 27. Two AC input terminals of the first rectifier bridge 31 are both installed on the single-wire circuit 30 through wires. One ends of the first output circuit and the second output circuit are both connected to the negative input terminal of the first rectifier bridge 31, and a first diode 19 and a second diode 29 are respectively installed on the first output circuit and the second output circuit; from the above description, it can be seen that from Figure 11It can be seen that the first rectifier bridge 31 is a full bridge. Therefore, when alternating current enters, the first rectifier bridge 31 can convert the alternating current into continuous direct current and introduce the direct current into the single-pole double-throw switch 27. When the single-pole double-throw switch 27 is connected to one of the interfaces, the current is introduced into the circuit corresponding to the interface; the first diode 19 and the second diode 29 are used to prevent the positive current from flowing in, so as to ensure the unidirectionality of the current output. The identification circuit further includes a second rectifier bridge 37, a PPTC protector 33, a first load resistor 32, a second load resistor 35, a first electromagnet 34 and a second electromagnet 36. Both alternating current input terminals of the second rectifier bridge 37 are installed on the single-wire circuit 30 through wires. The first load resistor 32, the second load resistor 35 and the second rectifier bridge 37 are connected in series. The PPTC protector 33 and the first electromagnet 34 are connected in series and are connected in parallel with the first load resistor 32 after being connected in series. The second electromagnet 36 is connected in parallel with the second load resistor 35. The first electromagnet 34 and the second electromagnet 36 are respectively arranged on both sides of the single-pole double-throw switch 27, and armatures 26 are fixed on both sides of the blade of the single-pole double-throw switch 27. Springs are fixed on the blades of the single-pole double-throw switch 27, and one end of each spring is fixed on the rear case 1; here, the resistance values of the first load resistor 32 and the second load resistor 35 are the same; here, the first electromagnet 34 and the second electromagnet 36 are further described. The number of turns of the coil on the first electromagnet 34 is much larger than that of the second electromagnet 36. From the above description, it can be seen that the second rectifier bridge 37 is also a full bridge. Therefore, when alternating current enters, the second rectifier bridge 37 can convert the alternating current into continuous direct current. When low-voltage alternating direct current enters, the current of this direct current is small, and the PPTC protector 33 does not work. Since the number of turns of the coil on the first electromagnet 34 is much larger than that of the second electromagnet 36, the magnetic force generated by the second electromagnet 36 is greater than that of the first electromagnet 34. The first electromagnet 34 attracts the single-pole double-throw switch 27, and the single-pole double-throw switch 27 is connected to the interface on the first input circuit, introducing the low-voltage current flowing out of the first rectifier bridge 31 into the first input circuit. At this time, the low-voltage brush group 4 works; when high-voltage alternating direct current enters, the current of this direct current is large, and the PPTC protector 33 works, cutting off the current flowing into the first electromagnet 34. Thus, only the second electromagnet 36 works. The second electromagnet 36 attracts the single-pole double-throw switch 27, and the single-pole double-throw switch 27 is connected to the interface on the second input circuit, introducing the high-voltage current flowing out of the first rectifier bridge 31 into the second input circuit. At this time, the high-voltage brush group 3 works.

[0040] Working principle: Connect the power supply to the single-wire circuit 30 of the identification circuit (sockets can be installed at both ends of the single-wire circuit 30). When low-voltage AC or DC power is input, the current of this AC or DC power is small, and the PPTC protector 33 does not work. Since the number of turns of the coil on the first electromagnet 34 is much larger than that of the second electromagnet 36, the magnetic force generated by the second electromagnet 36 is greater than that of the first electromagnet 34. The first electromagnet 34 attracts the single-pole double-throw switch 27, and the single-pole double-throw switch 27 is connected to the interface on the first input circuit, introducing the low-voltage current flowing out of the first rectifier bridge 31 into the first input circuit. At this time, the low-voltage brush group 4 works; when high-voltage AC or DC power is input, the current of this AC or DC power is large, and the PPTC protector 33 works, cutting off the current flowing into the first electromagnet 34. Thus, only the second electromagnet 36 works. The second electromagnet 36 attracts the single-pole double-throw switch 27, and the single-pole double-throw switch 27 is connected to the interface on the second input circuit, introducing the high-voltage current flowing out of the first rectifier bridge 31 into the second input circuit. At this time, the high-voltage brush group 3 works;

[0041] If low-voltage AC or DC power is connected, the low-voltage brush group 4 works, and the current is introduced into the second commutator 28 connected to the low-voltage coil. The inner ring 23 of the low-voltage coil wound thereon rotates in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6. Due to the setting of the second bearing 25, and the second bearing 25 is a one-way bearing, the inner ring 23 drives the central shaft to rotate through the one-way bearing, while the outer ring 21 does not rotate. Similarly, if high-voltage AC or DC power is connected, the outer ring 21 drives the central shaft to rotate through the first bearing 20, and the inner ring 23 does not rotate.

[0042] The above description enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An AC / DC high-voltage and low-voltage common motor, comprising a motor body (2), characterized in that: The motor body (2) comprises a rear housing (1), a stator ring (5), a coil assembly (7), a rotor assembly (12), an intermediate shaft (8), a low-voltage brush assembly (4), a high-voltage brush assembly (3), a first commutator (9), a second commutator (28) and two fixing frames (10); The rear housing (1) is provided with an identification circuit for identifying high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies; the two ends of the stator ring (5) are respectively fixed to two fixing frames (10); two semi-circular permanent magnets (6) are fixed inside the stator ring (5); one of the fixing frames (10) is fixed on the rear housing (1); the two ends of the intermediate shaft (8) are rotatably mounted on the two fixing frames (10); the rotor assembly (12) comprises an outer ring sleeve (21) and an inner ring sleeve (23) arranged inside the outer ring sleeve (21); the outer ring sleeve (21) and the inner ring sleeve (23) are both sleeved on the intermediate shaft (8); and opposite ends of the outer ring sleeve (21) and the inner ring sleeve (23) are both provided with a driving mechanism capable of driving the intermediate shaft (8). A first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism of the intermediate shaft (8); the first commutator (9) and the second commutator (28) are respectively arranged on the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism; the low-voltage brush group (4) and the high-voltage brush group (3) are respectively arranged on two fixing frames (10); the coil group (7) comprises a low-voltage coil and a high-voltage coil, the low-voltage coil is wound on the outer ring (21) and is electrically connected to the first commutator (9), the high-voltage coil is wound on the outer ring (21) and is electrically connected to the second commutator (28), the low-voltage brush group (4) introduces low-voltage direct current into the first commutator (9), and the high-voltage brush group (3) introduces low-voltage direct current into the second commutator (28); The identification circuit comprises a single-line circuit (30), a single-pole double-throw switch (27) and a second rectifier bridge (37); one of the carbon brushes (13) in the low-voltage brush set (4) and one of the carbon brushes (13) in the high-voltage brush set (3) are respectively connected to a first input circuit and a second input circuit; another of the carbon brushes (13) in the low-voltage brush set (4) and another of the carbon brushes (13) in the high-voltage brush set (3) are respectively connected to a first output circuit and a second output circuit; one end of the first input circuit and the second input circuit are respectively placed on the single-pole double-throw switch (27); Interfaces compatible with the single-pole double-throw switch (27) are installed on both sides of the switch (27), the positive output end of the first rectifier bridge (31) is connected to the single-pole double-throw switch (27), the two AC input ends of the first rectifier bridge (31) are installed on the single-line circuit (30) through wires, one end of the first output circuit and one end of the second output circuit are connected to the negative input end of the first rectifier bridge (31), and a first diode (19) and a second diode (29) are installed on the first output circuit and the second output circuit respectively; The identification circuit further comprises a second rectifier bridge (37), a PPTC protector (33), a first load resistor (32), a second load resistor (35), a first electromagnet (34) and a second electromagnet (36); the two AC input terminals of the second rectifier bridge (37) are both mounted on the single-line circuit (30) via electric wires; the first load resistor (32), the second load resistor (35) and the second rectifier bridge (37) are connected in series; the PPTC protector (33) and the first electromagnet (34) are connected in series and are connected in parallel with the first load resistor (32); the second electromagnet (36) and the second load resistor (35) are connected in parallel; the first electromagnet (34) and the second electromagnet (36) are respectively arranged on both sides of a single-pole double-throw switch (27); armatures (26) are fixed on both sides of a blade of the single-pole double-throw switch (27); the blade of the single-pole double-throw switch (27) is fixed with a third spring, and one end of the third spring is fixed to the rear housing (1).

2. The AC / DC high-voltage and low-voltage common motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating layer is provided on the outer side of the inner sleeve (23).

3. The AC / DC high-voltage and low-voltage common motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage brush and the low-voltage brush have the same structure and both include two conductive sheets (14), two conductive columns (15), two first springs (16) and two carbon brushes (13). The two conductive sheets (14) are respectively fixed on both sides of a fixed frame (10), one end of the conductive column (15) is fixed on the conductive sheet (14), the carbon brush (13) is slidably sleeved on the conductive column (15), and the carbon brush (13) is slidably inserted into the socket (11), the first spring (16) is sleeved on the conductive column (15), and the carbon brushes (13) on the two fixed frames (10) are in contact with the first commutator (9) and the second commutator (28) respectively by means of the elastic force of the first spring (16).

4. The AC / DC high-voltage and low-voltage common motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting mechanism comprises a first cylindrical sleeve (22), and the second connecting mechanism comprises a second cylindrical sleeve (24). The first cylindrical sleeve (22) is coaxially fixed to the outer ring sleeve (21), and the second cylindrical sleeve (24) is coaxially fixed to the inner ring sleeve (23). The intermediate shaft (8) comprises an output shaft (17) and a small-diameter shaft (18) coaxially arranged therewith. The first cylindrical sleeve (22) and the second cylindrical sleeve (24) are both sleeved on the small-diameter shaft (18). A first bearing (20) is arranged between the first cylindrical sleeve (22) and the small-diameter shaft (18) to enable the two to rotate relative to each other, and a second bearing (25) is arranged between the second cylindrical sleeve (24) and the small-diameter shaft (18) to enable the two to rotate relative to each other.

5. The AC / DC high-voltage and low-voltage common motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first bearing (20) and the second bearing (25) are both one-way bearings.

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