Skin material for vehicle interior and vehicle seat

Abstract

In order to provide a skin material for vehicle interiors, which has high strength, suppresses the occurrence of wrinkles on the surface, and is capable of covering a three-dimensional object in a state of excellent appearance, the skin material 10 for vehicle interiors is a laminate in which a backing fabric 1 is adhered to a base material, the shear characteristics of the laminate satisfy all of the following conditions: a shear angle of 6.4 [degrees] or more and 8.0 [degrees] or less; and the load is 17.5 [gf / cm] or less. Consequently, the skin material for vehicle interiors can cover a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles on the surface while exhibiting moderate strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle interior skin material used as a surface skin of a vehicle interior and a vehicle seat. Background Art

[0002] As surface materials for vehicle interiors, genuine leather, artificial leather, cloth, etc. are often used.

[0003] Conventionally, suitable ranges have been set for shear stiffness, bending stiffness, and tensile strain of vehicle interior skin materials using natural leather or synthetic leather, thereby suppressing the generation of wrinkles and covering the surface of a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Patent Literature

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-185721 Summary of the invention

[0007] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0008] However, the skin material of Patent Document 1 is effective in reducing wrinkles generated on the surface material, but it is not sufficient.

[0009] That is, although the conventional technology can reduce wrinkles generated in the surface material by setting the strength of the surface material to be low, it is difficult to satisfy the necessary strength and it is difficult to fully respond to the demand for reducing wrinkles generated in the surface material.

[0010] For example, if the skin material is made into a laminated structure, the strength can be easily improved. However, in such a case, the followability to the curved surface or the peripheral surface is reduced, and wrinkles may occur on the back side and also on the surface.

[0011] An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle interior skin material and a vehicle seat that ensure strength and suppress the generation of wrinkles.

[0012] Technical means of solving problems

[0013] The invention described in technical solution 1 is a surface material for vehicle interior decoration.

[0014] It is a laminated body formed by adhering a backing cloth to a base material, and is characterized by:

[0015] The shear properties of the laminate satisfy all of the following conditions:

[0016] The shear angle is 6.4[degrees] or more and 8.0[degrees] or less;

[0017] The load is 17.5 [gf / cm] or less.

[0018] The invention described in technical solution 2 is a surface material for vehicle interior decoration according to technical solution 1, characterized in that:

[0019] The backing fabric comprises a processed yarn.

[0020] The invention described in technical solution 3 is a surface material for vehicle interior decoration according to technical solution 1, characterized in that:

[0021] The backing fabric is a warp knitted fabric comprising warp yarns.

[0022] The invention described in claim 4 is a surface material for vehicle interior decoration according to claim 1, characterized in that:

[0023] The total fineness of the warp yarn is 75 deniers or more and 100 deniers or less.

[0024] The invention described in technical solution 5 is a vehicle seat, characterized in that: the vehicle interior skin material described in technical solution 1 is used,

[0025] At least the portion facing the built-in occupant protection device is covered.

[0026] The invention described in technical solution 6 is a vehicle seat described in technical solution 5, characterized in that:

[0027] Using the vehicle interior skin material according to the technical solution 1,

[0028] A portion or the entirety of a cushion pad is covered at a position facing the occupant protection device.

[0029] The invention described in technical solution 7 is a vehicle seat described in technical solution 5, characterized in that:

[0030] Using the vehicle interior skin material according to the technical solution 1,

[0031] Enveloping the carried passenger support device.

[0032] The invention described in technical solution 8 is a vehicle seat described in technical solution 5, characterized in that:

[0033] The bulging portion is covered with a skin formed by a plurality of sewing lines, and a portion of the entire skin includes the skin material for vehicle interior according to technical solution 1.

[0034] Effects of the Invention

[0035] The vehicle interior skin material described in claim 1 can suppress the generation of wrinkles by setting the shear angle and load to the above-mentioned appropriate numerical ranges for the shear characteristics of the laminate, and can cover the surface of a three-dimensional object with excellent appearance.

[0036] Furthermore, as long as the shear angle and the load are set within the appropriate numerical ranges described above, the skin material for vehicle interior can suppress the generation of wrinkles even if the strength of the skin material is set to a low level, and the surface of the object covered can be maintained at a high strength. Furthermore, since the laminated body is formed by adhering a backing cloth to a substrate, the strength of the skin material for vehicle interior can also be maintained at a high level by the backing cloth.

[0037] Since the backing cloth of the vehicle interior skin material according to claim 2 includes the processed yarn, it is easy to impart stretchability to the vehicle interior skin material, and the generation of wrinkles caused by the backing cloth can be reduced.

[0038] The backing fabric of the vehicle interior skin material described in claim 3 is a warp knitted fabric including warp yarns, so that the mesh can maintain sufficient strength and ensure stretchability in a predetermined direction, thereby improving the bending workability.

[0039] The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 4 can ensure high strength and have appropriate bending workability by setting the fineness of all warp yarns to 75 denier or more and 100 denier or less.

[0040] The vehicle seat according to claim 5 is coated with the vehicle interior skin material at least at a position facing the built-in occupant protection device.

[0041] As a result, the surface of the vehicle seat is covered while wrinkles are suppressed, and thus the design of the exterior can be maintained at a high level.

[0042] Furthermore, due to the shear characteristics and elasticity of the vehicle interior skin material, the strength is appropriately exerted when the occupant protection device is working, so the vehicle interior skin material will not be damaged, the posture of the occupant protection device can be maintained, allowing it to work properly and function normally and effectively.

[0043] The vehicle interior skin material of the vehicle seat recorded in Technical Solution 6 covers a part or all of the cushion at a position facing the occupant protection device. Therefore, the vehicle interior skin material can effectively and long-term withstand the pressure applied by the cushion when the occupant protection device is working, and can normally and effectively perform the function of the occupant protection device.

[0044] The vehicle seat described in claim 7 covers the occupant support device mounted thereon with the vehicle interior skin material, so the vehicle interior skin material can cope with the unevenness caused by the deformation of the occupant support device and cover it while suppressing the generation of wrinkles.

[0045] The vehicle seat described in claim 8 includes a vehicle interior skin material in a portion of the skin formed by a plurality of sewing lines covering the bulge, so that the shearing properties of the vehicle interior skin material can suppress the generation of wrinkles on the entire skin, and the bulge can be covered while maintaining the ability to follow the surface of the bulge. In addition, since the use of the vehicle interior skin material is suppressed to a portion, the manufacturing cost of the skin can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] [ Figure 1 ] is a cross-sectional view of a surface material for vehicle interior according to the present embodiment.

[0047] [ Figure 2 ] is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring the shear properties of surface materials for vehicle interiors.

[0048] [ Figure 3 ] is a line graph showing the relationship between the shear angle and the shear load that change correspondingly in an ideal sample.

[0049] [ Figure 4 ] is an overview of the yarn types, yarn thickness, yarn weaving method, density, and processing conditions of the base fabrics of samples (1) to (15).

[0050] [ Figure 5 ] is a graph showing the shear angle, shear load, and wrinkle generation state of samples (1) to (15).

[0051] [ Figure 6 ] is a line graph in which the shear angle and shear load values ​​of samples (1) to (15) are plotted.

[0052] [ Figure 7 ] is an overview diagram showing the state of samples (2) to (15) wound on the core when viewed from the center line direction and the state of samples (2) to (15) wound on the core when viewed from the radial outside.

[0053] [ Figure 8 ] is a cross-sectional view of a surface material for vehicle interior according to a comparative example.

[0054] [ Fig. 9 ] is a graph showing the shear stiffness of samples (1) to (15).

[0055] [ Fig.10 ] is a line graph plotting the transverse and longitudinal shear stiffness values ​​of samples (1) to (15).

[0056] [ Fig.11 ] is a graph showing the tensile strain of samples (1) to (15).

[0057] [ Fig.12 ] is a line graph plotting the transverse and longitudinal tensile strains of samples (1) to (15).

[0058] [ Fig.13 ] is a three-dimensional diagram of a vehicle seat to which a vehicle interior skin material is applied.

[0059] [ Fig.14 ] is along Fig.13 A cross-sectional view of a vehicle seat taken along line AA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] Hereinafter, preferred modes for implementing the present invention will be described using the drawings. However, various limitations are made to the embodiments described below that are technically preferred for implementing the present invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrations.

[0061] This embodiment exemplifies a vehicle interior skin material and a vehicle seat using the vehicle interior skin material as a covering material.

[0062] Vehicles to which the vehicle interior skin materials and vehicle seats shown below are applied include all vehicles for people to travel, such as ships, aircraft, and vehicles. In this embodiment, the case where the vehicle interior skin materials and vehicle seats are applied in vehicles, especially automobiles, is exemplified.

[0063] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle interior skin material 10 .

[0064] As shown in the figure, the vehicle interior skin material 10 has a three-layer structure including a backing cloth 1 as a lining, a foam layer 2 including a urethane sheet formed on the backing cloth 1, and a top layer 3 of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) formed on the foam layer 2 as a cover.

[0065] The vehicle interior skin material 10 is used, for example, as a covering material for the surface of a vehicle seat or as a skin material for the interior of a vehicle, and when used, the top layer 3 faces the surface side. In addition, symbol C in the figure is a core around which the vehicle interior skin material 10 is wound.

[0066] The base fabric 1 is formed by warp knitting polyester processed yarn.

[0067] The foamed layer 2 is a urethane sheet containing urethane subjected to a foaming treatment and having a density of 0.022 and a residual pressure of 3 [t] (thickness).

[0068] The top layer 3 is made of PVC and is not foamed.

[0069] The vehicle interior skin material 10 is obtained by integrating the base fabric 1, the foam layer 2, and the top layer 3 by adhering them in a stacked state through a frame lamination process.

[0070] With respect to the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10, when the shear angle and the load representing the shear force are respectively within the specified numerical ranges, the vehicle interior skin material 10 covering the surface of the three-dimensional shape smoothly follows the curve of the surface of the three-dimensional shape to deform and adhere closely, thereby suppressing the generation of wrinkles and the like.

[0071] [Method for measuring shear properties]

[0072] Here, the method of measuring the shear characteristics will be described.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, both ends of a sample of the vehicle interior skin material 10 in a strip shape with a width of 20 [cm] in the left-right direction are clamped by clamps H1 and H2, respectively.

[0074] At this time, a gap of 5 [cm] was ensured between the clamp H1 and the clamp H2, and the vehicle interior skin material 10 was measured with a width of 20 [cm] in the left-right direction and a length of 5 [cm] in the vertical direction. That is, the vehicle interior skin material 10 has a length in the vertical direction that is equal to or greater than the clamping margins for the clamp H1 and the clamp H2 in addition to 5 [cm].

[0075] For the two clamps H1 and H2, along the direction in which one clamp is separated from the other clamp (a direction parallel to the plane of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and orthogonal to the width direction: Figure 2 A certain tensile load w (=10 [gf / cm]) is applied in the up and down directions (in the vertical direction).

[0076] The chuck H2 is moved in the width direction ( Figure 2 One of the left and right directions in (set to the positive direction. For example, Figure 2 Move to the right in the figure and apply a shear load F.

[0077] Then, the change in the shear angle φ [° (degrees)] generated by the load F and the vehicle interior skin material 10 was measured.

[0078] During the measurement, the shear angle φ gradually increases, and at a certain point in time, wrinkles are generated in the vehicle interior skin material 10 .

[0079] Taking the point in time when the wrinkles are generated as the boundary, the chuck H2 is moved in the opposite direction ( Figure 2 The shear load F is applied in the reverse direction. In the above case, the shear speed is also maintained constant.

[0080] When the vehicle interior skin material 10 is wrinkled due to the reverse movement of the clamp H2, the clamp H2 is turned back to the forward direction ( Figure 2 In the above case, the shearing speed is also maintained constant.

[0081] Then, the measurement of the shear load F is terminated at a point where the shear angle φ becomes 0 and a shear angle φ of about 1 to 2 [°] is generated in the reverse direction.

[0082] Figure 3 This is a line graph showing the relationship between the shear angle φ and the shear load F, which change correspondingly to each other and are obtained by measuring the shear characteristics of an ideal sample. The horizontal axis represents the shear angle φ, and the vertical axis represents the shear load F. The slope of the shear angle φ toward the right is positive, and the slope toward the left is negative. Regarding the shear load F, the load applied to the right relative to the upper end of the sample is positive, and the load applied to the left is negative.

[0083] Figure 3 The arrow in represents the direction of the change of the detection point obtained by the above-mentioned measurement action.

[0084] As shown in the figure, shortly after the chuck H2 moves to the right at the start of measurement, the shear angle φ and the shear load F increase in value while the slope indicating the change in the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ is approximately constant. Immediately before wrinkles are generated, the slope increases. Then, the moving direction of the chuck H2 is reversed at the same time as wrinkles are generated. Therefore, when wrinkles are generated, the shear load F becomes the maximum within the measurement range.

[0085] Thereafter, when the chuck H2 is reversed to the left, the slope of the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ immediately after the reversal shows a large downward gradient, and thereafter, the shear angle φ and the shear load F decrease while the slope remains substantially constant.

[0086] Then, just before the second wrinkle is generated, the slope of the fall becomes larger, and the moving direction of the chuck H2 is reversed again at the same time as the wrinkle is generated. Therefore, when the wrinkle is generated, the shear load F becomes the minimum within the measurement range.

[0087] Thereafter, when the chuck H2 is reversed to the right, the slope of the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ shows a large increase gradient immediately after the reversal, and thereafter, the shear angle φ and the shear load F increase while the slope remains substantially constant.

[0088] As shown in the figure, the change in shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ is delayed in the positive direction and the reverse direction of the shear load F, and has a substantially constant slope except before and after the wrinkle is generated.

[0089] In addition, the slope dF / dφ of the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ is called shear rigidity G. The average value of the shear rigidity G in the entire range of the measurement becomes one of the indices representing the shear characteristics of the sample. If the value of the shear rigidity G is large, it can be considered that the material is not easy to be sheared, and if the value of the shear rigidity G is small, it can be considered that the material is easy to be sheared.

[0090] The vehicle interior skin material 10 of the present invention satisfies the conditions that the absolute value of the shear angle φ just before or at the moment of wrinkle generation in the above measurement is 6.4 [degrees] or more and 8.0 [degrees] or less, and the absolute value of the shear load F at this time is 17.5 [gf / cm] or less.

[0091] When the shear angle φ and the shear load F are within the numerical ranges prescribed for each, the vehicle interior skin material 10 can deform and adhere to the curved surface of the three-dimensional shape, and can cover the three-dimensional shape with wrinkles sufficiently reduced.

[0092] In the vehicle interior skin material 10, the shearing property is achieved by selecting the raw material of the backing cloth 1. That is, the shearing property can be adjusted by the type of yarn, yarn thickness, yarn weaving method, density, etc. of the backing cloth 1.

[0093] [Measurement of tensile strain]

[0094] Furthermore, as a reference, the tensile strain of the vehicle interior skin material 10 was also measured.

[0095] As in the case of measuring shear properties, the tensile strain is measured by clamping the two ends of a sample made of a vehicle interior skin material 10 in a strip shape with a width of 20 [cm] with a gap of 5 [cm] using the clamps H1 and H2 respectively. Then, for the vehicle interior skin material 10, the direction in which one of the clamps H1 and H2 separates from the other clamp (a direction parallel to the plane of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and orthogonal to the width direction): Figure 2 A tensile load is applied (in the up and down directions) to measure the tensile strain generated in the up and down directions.

[0096] The tensile load was gradually increased from 0 to a maximum of 500 [gf / cm], and the strain rate was maintained at 4.00 × 10 -3 / sec.

[0097] Then, the strain in the tensile direction when the maximum tensile load reached 500 [gf / cm] was measured, and the ratio relative to the original length was calculated as a percentage, and the obtained value was taken as the tensile strain ε m .

[0098] Example 1

[0099] [About the sample]

[0100] Next, for samples (1) to (3) as comparative examples of vehicle interior skin materials using conventional backing cloths and samples (4) to (15) as examples of the present invention of vehicle interior skin materials using novel backing cloths, the type of yarn, yarn thickness, yarn weaving method, density, processing conditions, etc. of the backing cloths used in each of the samples are shown. Figure 4 of the overview.

[0101] In addition, the surface materials for vehicle interiors of samples (1) to (15) all use the same material for the foam layer and the top layer except the backing cloth. The foam layer includes a foamed urethane sheet with a density of 0.022 and a residual pressure of 3 [t], and the top layer includes an unfoamed layer made of PVC.

[0102] First, a backing cloth of a comparative example will be described.

[0103] Sample (1) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a textured yarn of 150 denier, a middle comb (M) using a raw yarn of 150 denier, and a back comb (B) using a raw yarn of 150 denier. The textured yarn is a polyester textured yarn.

[0104] The density C represents the number of meshes per inch in the longitudinal direction (along the warp yarns), which is 46. The density W represents the number of meshes per inch in the transverse direction (a direction perpendicular to the warp yarns), which is 36.

[0105] Sample (2) is a warp knitted fabric made by a three-comb tricot machine, with a front comb (F) using a strong yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, a middle comb (M) without a strong yarn, and a back comb (B) using a strong yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The strong yarn is a strong yarn of polyester. The density C is 49, and the density W is 32.

[0106] Sample (3) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a raw yarn of 100 deniers for the front comb (F), no middle comb (M), and a raw yarn of 100 deniers for the back comb (B). The density C is 47 and the density W is 31.

[0107] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 175 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0108] Hereinafter, the backing cloth according to the embodiment of the invention will be described.

[0109] Sample (4) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 48 and the density W is 31.

[0110] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 175 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0111] Sample (5) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31.

[0112] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 17 [%], setting width of 175 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0113] Sample (6) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 49 and the density W is 31.

[0114] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 12 [%], setting width of 166 [cm], and effective width of 162 [cm].

[0115] Sample (7) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 49 and the density W is 31.

[0116] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 12 [%], setting width of 165 [cm], and effective width of 161.5 [cm].

[0117] Sample (8) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31.

[0118] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 176 [cm], and effective width of 172 [cm].

[0119] Sample (9) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 48 and the density W is 31.

[0120] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 9 [%], setting width of 176 [cm], and effective width of 172 [cm].

[0121] Sample (10) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine, with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 50, and the density W is 31.

[0122] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 20 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 176 [cm], and effective width of 172 [cm].

[0123] Sample (11) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31.5.

[0124] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 174 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0125] Sample (12) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine, with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 50, and the density W is 31.5.

[0126] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 20 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 174 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0127] Sample (13) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 50 and the density W is 32.

[0128] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 20 [m / min], setting condition of 15 [%], setting width of 172 [cm], and effective width of 168 [cm].

[0129] Sample (14) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 48 and the density W is 32.

[0130] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 15 [m / min], setting condition of 9 [%], setting width of 174 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0131] Sample (15) is a warp knitted fabric using a three-comb tricot machine with a front comb (F) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers, no middle comb (M), and a back comb (B) using a processed yarn with a fineness of 100 deniers. The processed yarn is a processed yarn of polyester. The density C is 48 and the density W is 32.

[0132] The processing conditions were processing temperature of 170 [° C.], processing speed of 20 [m / min], setting condition of 9 [%], setting width of 174 [cm], and effective width of 170 [cm].

[0133] [Relationship between the shear angle and shear load of each sample and the generation of wrinkles]

[0134] For the vehicle interior skin material using the samples (1) to (3) as the comparative examples and the samples (4) to (15) as the embodiments of the present invention as the backing fabric, the shear angle φ and the shear load F were measured according to the shear property measurement method described above, and the values ​​of the shear angle φ and the shear load F when wrinkles were generated or just before they were generated are shown in the table below. Figure 5 .

[0135] also, Figure 5 The values ​​shown are the values ​​of the shear angle φ and the shear load F in the positive direction ( Figure 2 Right direction) and reverse direction ( Figure 2 The average value of the absolute values ​​of the respective measured values ​​when the shear load F is applied (in the left direction).

[0136] Furthermore, here, the vehicle interior skin material is measured in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, and the measurement is performed separately. The transverse direction refers to the case where the shearing characteristics are measured by clamping the two ends in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the warp yarn of the warp knitting of the base cloth with the clamp H1 and the clamp H2, and the longitudinal direction refers to the case where the shearing characteristics are measured by clamping the two ends in the direction of the warp yarn of the warp knitting with the clamp H1 and the clamp H2. Figure 5 The values ​​shown are average values ​​measured in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0137] Then, each of the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15) was wound around a core C (refer to Figure 1 ) and record the results of the confirmation test on the wrinkle generation condition at this time. Figure 5 "Good" means "no wrinkles occurred" and "No" means "wrinkles occurred".

[0138] and, Figure 8 The enlarged cross-sectional view shows the wrinkle generation state of the vehicle interior skin material of samples (1) to (3). Figure 8 In the specification, the surface material for vehicle interior is described as 10X, and the backing cloth is described as 1X.

[0139] and then, Figure 62 shows the results of plotting the values ​​of shear angle φ and shear load F when wrinkles are generated or just before they are generated in each of samples (1) to (15) as a line graph with the horizontal axis being the shear load F and the vertical axis being the shear angle φ.

[0140] and, Figure 7 In the figure, each sample (2) to sample (15) are respectively wound on the core C, and the state observed from the center line direction of the core C (recorded as a cross section) and the state observed from the radial outside of the core C (recorded as a side view) are shown. Figure 7 In the figure, sample (2) is displayed in the upper section, samples (4) to (15) are displayed in the middle section, and sample (3) is displayed in the lower section.

[0141] In addition, since samples (4) to (15) are visually substantially the same, the state of sample (4) is shown as a representative.

[0142] like Figure 5 As described in the "Wrapping Wrinkles" column of the vehicle interior, wrinkles were generated in the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (3). Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it can be seen that wrinkles are generated in the backing cloth, and crease-shaped wrinkles are generated in the top layer on the outer peripheral surface side due to the wrinkles of the backing cloth.

[0143] On the other hand, the backing fabrics of samples (4) to (15) had no wrinkles, and thus it was found that the top layer also had no crease-like wrinkles and had a smooth peripheral surface.

[0144] And, if Figure 6 As shown, it can be seen that samples (4) to (15) without wrinkles are concentrated in the range where the shear load F is 17.5 [gf / cm] or less and the shear angle φ is 6.4 [°] or more and 8.0 [°] or less.

[0145] It can also be seen that even if the shear load F is less than 17.5 [gf / cm], when the shear angle φ is less than 6.4 [°], as shown in sample (3), the formation of wrinkles cannot be avoided. Even if the shear angle φ is in the range of greater than 6.4 [°] and less than 8.0 [°], when the shear load F is greater than 17.5 [gf / cm], as shown in sample (1), the formation of wrinkles cannot be avoided.

[0146] [Shear stiffness of each sample]

[0147] For the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (3) as the comparison examples and the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (4) to (15) as the embodiments of the present invention, the shear angle φ and the shear load F are measured according to the shear property measurement method described above, and the average value of all shear stiffness G within the measurement range during the measurement is calculated (hereinafter referred to as "shear stiffness G").

[0148] Here, the vehicle interior skin material is measured in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, and the shear rigidity G is calculated for each.

[0149] Fig. 9 This is a graph showing the transverse shear rigidity G, the longitudinal shear rigidity G, and the average values ​​of the transverse and longitudinal shear rigidities G in the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15).

[0150] and, Fig.10 The results of plotting the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15) as a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the value of the shear rigidity G in the horizontal direction and the vertical axis represents the value of the shear rigidity G in the vertical direction are shown.

[0151] like Fig.10 As shown, it can be seen that the values ​​of the transverse shear rigidity G of samples (4) to (15) without wrinkles are concentrated in the range of 3.7 [gf / (cm·degree)] or less and the longitudinal shear rigidity G value is 3.5 [gf / (cm·degree)] or less.

[0152] On the other hand, it is found that the comparative example samples (1) to (3) have a shear rigidity G in the transverse direction greater than 3.7 [gf / (cm·degree)] and a shear rigidity G in the longitudinal direction greater than 3.5 [gf / (cm·degree)].

[0153] [Tensile strain of each sample]

[0154] For the vehicle interior skin materials of the samples (1) to (3) as the comparative examples and the vehicle interior skin materials of the samples (4) to (15) as the embodiments of the present invention, the tensile strain ε was measured according to the tensile strain measurement method described above. m .

[0155] In addition, here, the measurement is performed in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the vehicle interior skin material, and the tensile strain ε is measured respectively. m .

[0156] Fig.11 The following table shows the transverse tensile strain ε in the vehicle interior skin material of samples (1) to (15). m, longitudinal tensile strain ε m , and the transverse and longitudinal tensile strains ε m Graph of the average values.

[0157] and, Fig.12 The tensile strain ε of the vehicle interior skin material of samples (1) to (15) is plotted with the horizontal axis being the horizontal direction. m The value of the tensile strain ε is set as the longitudinal axis. m The resulting line graph of the values ​​.

[0158] like Fig.12 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the tensile strain ε concentrated in the transverse direction in the samples (4) to (15) without wrinkles m The value is 6.0[%] or more, and the longitudinal tensile strain ε m The value of is within the range of 6.0[%] or more.

[0159] On the other hand, the tensile strains ε in both the transverse and longitudinal directions of the samples (2) and (3) of the comparative examples are m The value is less than 6.0[%], and the transverse tensile strain ε of the sample (1) m The value of becomes 6.0[%] or more, but the longitudinal tensile strain ε m The value is less than 6.0[%].

[0160] Therefore, it can be seen that the tensile strain ε of the vehicle interior skin material m The condition for no wrinkles is the tensile strain ε in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. m The value is 6.0[%] or more.

[0161] [Application of vehicle interior skin materials in vehicle seats]

[0162] Fig.13 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle seat 40 as a vehicle seat to which the vehicle interior skin material 10A as a vehicle interior skin material is applied. Fig.14 It is along Fig.13 AA line of the vehicle seat 40 is a cross-sectional view. Fig.13 and Fig.14 In the figure, when the passenger is seated in the vehicle seat 40, the left hand side of the passenger is left, the right hand side is right, the front is front, the rear is rear, the vertical top is top, and the vertical bottom is bottom.

[0163] Fig.13 The seat shown is a vehicle seat, and more particularly, a vehicle seat 40 provided in a vehicle such as an automobile, for passengers to sit on.

[0164] As shown in the figure, the vehicle seat 40 includes a seat cushion 41 for supporting the buttocks and thighs of the passenger, a seat back 42 whose lower end is supported by the seat cushion 41 to form a backrest, and a headrest 43 provided at the upper end of the seat back 42 to support the head of the passenger. In addition, it may also include auxiliary support parts such as a neck pillow, an armrest, a footrest, and an ottoman.

[0165] The seat cushion 41 includes a seat cushion frame and a cushion pad (not shown). The seat back 42 includes a seat back frame and a cushion pad 421 .

[0166] The vehicle seat 40 includes a cover 44 that covers a seat cushion 41 and a seat back 42 .

[0167] Here, the vehicle interior skin material 10A is used as a part of the skin 44. The vehicle interior skin material 10A is the same material as the vehicle interior skin material 10 described above.

[0168] like Fig.14 As shown, the seat back frame of the seat back 42 includes left and right seat back side frames 422 and 423 arranged at intervals from each other, an upper pipe frame (not shown) connecting the upper ends of the left and right seat back side frames 422 and 423, and a lower frame 424 connecting the lower ends of the left and right seat back side frames 422 and 423.

[0169] The seat back 42 includes bulging portions 425 and 426 including convex lines along the up-down direction formed at the left and right end portions of the seat back 42 by wrapping the left and right seat back side frames 422 and 423 with the cushion pad 421 .

[0170] An airbag device 45 as an occupant protection device is provided inside the left bulge 425 and on the left side in the left-right direction outside (left side) of the left seatback side frame 422. The airbag device 45 and the seatback side frame 422 are covered by a cushion pad 421.

[0171] The airbag device 45 stores the structure of the device in a slightly flat frame along the left-right direction.

[0172] A part of the skin 44 uses the vehicle interior skin material 10A, and the entire skin 44 uses a vehicle interior skin material other than the vehicle interior skin material 10A. Compared with the structure of the vehicle interior skin material 10 described above, the vehicle interior skin material of the skin 44 is a skin material in which the backing cloth 1 is replaced with a conventional backing cloth. The conventional backing cloth is equivalent to any of the samples (1) to (3) illustrated as comparative examples in the above-described embodiment.

[0173] In addition, only a predetermined portion of the skin 44 is formed using a vehicle interior skin material 10A having the same structure as the vehicle interior skin material 10 described above.

[0174] The portion of the skin 44 covering the bulging portions 425 and 426 described above is formed by sewing a plurality of portions of a vehicle interior skin material using a plurality of sewing lines so as to cover the bulging portions 425 and 426 in accordance with the surface shape of the bulging portions 425 and 426 .

[0175] The vehicle interior skin material 10A is a region R1 ( Fig.13 The slash area) is used.

[0176] The region R1 corresponds to a position which is the surface of the cushion pad 421 that surrounds the airbag device 45 and the left seat back side frame 422 and faces the left surface of the frame of the built-in airbag device 45 from the left.

[0177] When the airbag device 45 is in operation, the airbag is discharged forward from the left end of the left bulge 425 and expands to protect the occupant. At this time, the airbag penetrates the front edge of the vehicle interior skin material 10A of the covering area R1 and forms the sewing line of the boundary with other vehicle interior skin materials and is discharged forward.

[0178] As shown in the various samples (4) to (15) described above, the vehicle interior skin material 10A has excellent shear properties and high expandability. Therefore, the vehicle interior skin material 10A can exert high durability against the airbag that expands inside the skin 44 and is discharged to the outside. In addition, it faces the left side of the airbag device 45 and covers the entirety, so it can resist the expanding airbag, suppress the airbag from flying to the left, and properly guide it forward.

[0179] In addition, the airbag device 45 may be arranged on the right side of the right seat back side frame 423. In such a case, the vehicle interior skin material 10A may be arranged so as to cover the surface of the cushion pad 421 that wraps the airbag device 45 and the right seat back side frame 423 and to face the right surface of the frame of the built-in airbag device 45 from the right side.

[0180] The vehicle seat 40 may be used in a relaxed state, for example, with the seat back 42 tilted backward and the front end of the seat cushion 41 flipped forward and upward.

[0181] When assuming use in such a posture, a configuration is sometimes adopted in which an airbag device is built into the front end of the seat cushion 41 and the airbag is discharged upward from the front end of the seat back 42 to protect the occupant in a relaxed state.

[0182] In the case of such a structure, the vehicle interior skin material 10A may be applied to the region R2 of the front end surface of the seat pad 41 .

[0183] In this case, the vehicle interior skin material 10A is disposed facing each other on the front side of the airbag device. Therefore, the airbag discharged from the front end of the seat cushion 41 can be prevented from flying forward and can be appropriately guided upward.

[0184] Furthermore, the vehicle seat 40 may be provided with an occupant supporting device that has an expandable and contractible bag built in the front surface side of the seat back 42 and supports the back of the occupant by inflating the bag.

[0185] In the case of such a structure, the vehicle interior skin material 10A may be applied to the arrangement region R3 of the occupant support device on the front surface of the seat back 42 .

[0186] In the above case, the vehicle interior skin material 10A is arranged to face each other on the front side of the occupant support device. Therefore, even when the bag body of the occupant support device expands and produces unevenness, the vehicle interior skin material 10A can suppress the generation of wrinkles due to its shearing characteristics and high extensibility, and maintain the state of covering the front surface of the seat back 42 in response to the deformed unevenness.

[0187] [Technical Effects of Embodiments of the Invention]

[0188] The vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A can suppress the generation of wrinkles and cover the surface of a three-dimensional object with excellent appearance by setting the shear angle and load to the above-mentioned appropriate numerical ranges for the shear characteristics of the laminate.

[0189] Particularly, when the vehicle interior skin material 10A is applied to the vehicle seat 40 , it is possible to cover the curved surface portion such as the side surface of the bulged portion 425 while suppressing wrinkles.

[0190] Furthermore, as long as the shear angle and the load are set within an appropriate numerical range, the surface material 10 for vehicle interior and the surface material 10A for vehicle interior can suppress wrinkles and cover the surface of the object even if the strength of the surface material is set to a low level, so the strength can be maintained at a high level. In particular, since the laminate includes the backing cloth 1 attached to the substrate, the strength of the surface material 10 for vehicle interior and the surface material 10A for vehicle interior can also be maintained at a high level by the backing cloth 1.

[0191] Furthermore, since the backing cloth 1 of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A includes a processed yarn, it is easy to impart stretchability to the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A, and the generation of wrinkles caused by the backing cloth 1 can be reduced.

[0192] Furthermore, since the backing fabric 1 is a warp knitted fabric including warp yarns, the mesh can maintain sufficient strength and ensure elasticity in a predetermined direction, thereby improving bending workability. Therefore, the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A also have good followability to the curved surface of the vehicle seat 40, and can cover the curved surface while suppressing the generation of wrinkles.

[0193] Furthermore, the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A can ensure high strength and have appropriate bending workability by setting the fineness of all the warp yarns of the backing fabric 1 to 100 deniers.

[0194] Furthermore, the vehicle seat 40 is covered with the vehicle interior skin material 10A at a position facing the built-in airbag device 45 .

[0195] As a result, the surface of the vehicle seat 40 is covered while wrinkles are suppressed, and thus the design of the exterior can be maintained at a high level.

[0196] Furthermore, due to the shear characteristics and elasticity of the vehicle interior skin material 10A, the strength is appropriately exerted when the airbag device 45 is working, so the vehicle interior skin material 10A will not be damaged, and the posture of the airbag device 45 can be maintained, and the airbag can be guided in the appropriate direction, so that it can function normally and effectively.

[0197] Moreover, the vehicle interior skin material 10A in the vehicle seat 40 covers the left side surface of the cushion pad 421 facing the airbag device 45. Therefore, the vehicle interior skin material can effectively and long-term withstand the pressure of the airbag applied by the cushion pad 421 when the airbag device 45 is working, guide the airbag in the appropriate direction, and can perform its function normally and effectively.

[0198] Moreover, for the vehicle seat 40, the area R3 covering the occupant support device can be covered with the vehicle interior skin material 10A, so the vehicle interior skin material 10A can follow the unevenness of the expansion and contraction deformation in the area R3 caused by the occupant support device, thereby suppressing the generation of wrinkles and covering.

[0199] Furthermore, the vehicle seat 40 includes the vehicle interior skin material 10A in a portion of the skin 44 formed by a plurality of sewing lines covering the bulging portion 425, so that the shearing properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10A can suppress the generation of wrinkles on the entire skin 44, and can cover the bulging portion 425 while maintaining the ability to follow the surface of the bulging portion 425. Furthermore, since the use of the vehicle interior skin material 10A is suppressed as a portion of the skin 44, the manufacturing cost of the skin 44 can be reduced.

[0200] [other]

[0201] The above has described various embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. For example, in the embodiments, a structural element formed integrally by a single member may be replaced by a structural element divided into a plurality of members and connected or fixed to each other. Moreover, a structural element formed by connecting a plurality of members may be replaced by a structural element formed integrally by a single member. In addition, the details shown in the embodiments may be appropriately changed within the scope of the main purpose of the invention.

[0202] Furthermore, as long as the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10 meet the above-mentioned conditions, the base material may also use materials other than the foam layer 2 or the PVC top layer 3. Furthermore, as long as the shear properties meet the above-mentioned conditions, the backing cloth 1 may also use other raw materials.

[0203] Furthermore, as long as the shearing properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10 satisfy the above-mentioned conditions, the backing fabric 1 may be a weft knitted fabric using weft yarns or a woven fabric using weft yarns and warp yarns.

[0204] Furthermore, the warp yarn of the backing fabric 1 is not limited to polyester, and may be other resins, for example, nylon. Moreover, the warp yarn of the backing fabric 1 is exemplified as having a fineness of 100 deniers, but is not limited thereto. The fineness of the warp yarn is preferably 100 deniers, but as long as it is within the range of 75 deniers or more and 100 deniers or less, the appropriate shearing characteristics of the vehicle interior skin material 10 can be ensured.

[0205] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the vehicle seat 40 is covered with the vehicle interior skin material 10A, but the present invention is not limited thereto and can also be suitably covered when used for covering a part other than a seat in a vehicle.

[0206] Furthermore, although the vehicle interior skin material 10A is used for a specific portion of the vehicle seat 40 , the vehicle interior skin material 10A may be used for covering other portions, or the entire vehicle seat 40 may be covered with the vehicle interior skin material 10A.

[0207] Industrial Applicability

[0208] The present invention has industrial applicability to a surface material for vehicle interior and a vehicle seat.

[0209] Description of Figure Numbers

[0210] 1. 1X: backing cloth

[0211] 2: Foaming layer (base material)

[0212] 3: Top layer (substrate)

[0213] 10: Surface materials for vehicle interior

[0214] 10A: Surface materials for vehicle interiors (Surface materials for vehicle interiors)

[0215] 40: Vehicle seats (transportation seats)

[0216] 41: Seat cushion

[0217] 42: Chair Back

[0218] 43: Headrest

[0219] 44: Epidermis

[0220] 45: Airbag device (passenger protection device)

[0221] 421: Buffer

[0222] 422, 423: Chair back side frame

[0223] 425, 426: bulge

[0224] C: Core

[0225] F: Shear load

[0226] H1, H2: chuck

[0227] R1~R3: Configuration area

[0228] ε m : tensile strain

[0229] φ: Shear angle

Claims

1. A surface material for vehicle interior, which is a laminated body formed by adhering a backing cloth to a substrate, characterized in that: The shear properties of the laminate satisfy all of the following conditions: The shear angle is 6.4[degrees] or more and 8.0[degrees] or less; The load is 17.5 [gf / cm] or less.

2. The surface material for vehicle interior decoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backing fabric comprises a processed yarn.

3. The surface material for vehicle interior decoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backing fabric is a warp knitted fabric comprising warp yarns.

4. The surface material for vehicle interior decoration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The total fineness of the warp yarn is 75 deniers or more and 100 deniers or less.

5. A seat for a vehicle, characterized in that: Using the vehicle interior skin material as claimed in claim 1, At least the portion facing the built-in occupant protection device is covered.

6. The vehicle seat according to claim 5, characterized in that: Using the surface material for vehicle interior, A portion or the entirety of a cushion pad is covered at a position facing the occupant protection device.

7. The vehicle seat according to claim 5, characterized in that: Using the surface material for vehicle interior, Enveloping the carried passenger support device.

8. The vehicle seat according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bulging portion is covered with a skin formed by a plurality of sewing lines, and at least a portion of the skin includes the skin material for vehicle interior.

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