Method and system for integrally removing greenhouse gas and particulate matters in ship tail gas based on alkaline adsorption technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for integrally removing greenhouse gas and particulate matters in ship tail gas based on an alkaline adsorption technology. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, cooling the ship tail gas until water vapor is in a supersaturated state; spraying and mixing with an alkaline solution, and removing dust and particulate matters from the obtained gas phase; mixing the obtained liquid phase with an alkaline reagent, and filtering to obtain a solution in which the greenhouse gas is dissolved; the system comprises a heat exchanger, a decarbonization tower, dust removal equipment and a precipitation cabinet, the heat exchanger is connected with a ship tail gas exhaust pipe and used for cooling ship tail gas till steam is in a supersaturated state. The decarburization tower is used for spraying and mixing the cooled ship tail gas and an alkaline solution to obtain a gas phase and a liquid phase; the dust removal equipment is communicated with a gas phase outlet of the decarbonization tower and is used for removing particulate matters in a gas phase; and the precipitation cabinet is communicated with a liquid phase outlet of the decarbonization tower. Compared with the prior art, greenhouse gas and particulate matters, especially ultrafine particulate matters, in the tail gas of the marine diesel engine can be removed at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ship diesel engine exhaust treatment, and relates to an integrated removal method and system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology. Background Art

[0002] With the increase of people's demand and the increase of trade volume, the number and tonnage of ships have increased significantly in recent years. With the vigorous development of ships, the pressure on the natural ecological environment to resist pollution has inevitably increased. In ship transportation, as an absolute source of power, the energy consumption of ship diesel engines is very huge. At present, fuel costs account for about 40% to 50% of the cost of ship transportation. In order to save ship fuel costs, shipowners usually use low-quality heavy oil with high sulfur content as fuel. Its combustion products contain a large amount of particulate matter, carbon dioxide and other carbon-containing pollutants. Ship carbon-containing pollutant emissions have caused serious harm to the marine atmosphere and port environment. According to the consulting statistics of the International Maritime Organization, the current carbon dioxide emissions from ships account for about 5% of the world's total, reaching 1.4 billion tons. If no prevention and control measures are taken, the ecological environment will be extremely damaged. In order to protect the environment, it is necessary to reduce the emission of carbon-containing pollutants from ship engines. The main methods are to improve the combustion inside the engine and install an external exhaust greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system. Relatively speaking, external treatment is now a more feasible method. At present, some scientific researchers have begun relevant research on ship exhaust removal.

[0003] At present, the traditional off-board particle removal method can only remove particles with larger particle sizes from exhaust gas, but there are still a large number of ultrafine particles that have not been processed. If new particle removal technologies are used, such as electrostatic precipitators, electric bag composite precipitators, electrostatically enhanced fog, etc., although most of the ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas can be effectively removed, there are problems such as large equipment space occupation and high energy consumption, which are not suitable for ship use. Wet technology is an effective method for removing particulate matter from ship exhaust, but the existing wet removal scheme for ultrafine particles in exhaust gas has certain shortcomings.

[0004] In the patent "A device and method for reducing and utilizing carbon dioxide emissions from dredging ships" with application number 202111151383.9, CO2 in the exhaust gas of dredging ships is captured and the carbon capture product is used for the solidification treatment of dredged sludge. In this invention, the spray absorption of the magnesium oxide slurry absorbent designed to solidify the dredged sludge is prone to produce a large amount of sludge sediment, which makes it impossible for ordinary ships to handle these sludge sediments. This is quite different from the general ship carbon emission reduction route and carbon recovery technology treatment. In addition, this invention does not treat the ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas and cannot effectively remove the ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas.

[0005] In summary, it is necessary to develop an integrated system that can effectively remove greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship diesel engine exhaust. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated method and system for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology, so as to simultaneously remove greenhouse gases and particulate matter, especially ultrafine particulate matter, from ship diesel engine exhaust.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides an integrated method for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology, comprising:

[0009] S1: Cool the ship's exhaust gas until it is supersaturated with water vapor;

[0010] S2: spraying and mixing with alkaline solution, the obtained gas phase is washed and dusted by liquid phase to remove particulate matter; the obtained liquid phase is mixed with alkaline reagent and filtered to obtain a solution containing dissolved greenhouse gases.

[0011] Furthermore, the solution containing the greenhouse gas is sprayed as an alkaline solution and mixed with the cooled ship exhaust gas.

[0012] Further, the ship exhaust is cooled by heating and evaporating water to form water vapor;

[0013] The obtained water vapor is mixed with the cooled ship exhaust gas and then sprayed with an alkaline solution.

[0014] Furthermore, the alkaline solution contains NaOH.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides an integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology, comprising:

[0016] A heat exchanger, connected to the exhaust pipe of the ship's exhaust gas, is used to cool the ship's exhaust gas to a state where the water vapor is supersaturated;

[0017] The decarbonization tower is used to spray and mix the cooled ship exhaust gas with an alkaline solution to obtain a gas phase and a liquid phase;

[0018] Dust removal equipment, connected to the gas phase outlet of the decarbonization tower, for removing particulate matter in the gas phase;

[0019] The sedimentation tank is connected to the liquid phase outlet of the decarbonization tower, with a solid phase extraction outlet at the bottom and a liquid phase spray outlet at the upper layer. The solid phase is the liquid phase precipitate containing waste gas particles, and the liquid phase is alkali solution.

[0020] Furthermore, the cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger is connected to a water vapor source.

[0021] Furthermore, a water inlet valve and / or a bypass valve is provided on the cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger.

[0022] Furthermore, the decarbonization tower has an air inlet pipe and a liquid phase outlet pipe at the bottom of the tower, an air outlet pipe at the top of the tower, and distribution plates and alkaline solution nozzles are alternately arranged between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0023] Furthermore, a demister is provided at the top of the decarbonization tower.

[0024] Furthermore, a chemical circulation pump is provided between the liquid phase extraction port of the precipitation tank and the alkaline solution nozzle of the decarbonization tower.

[0025] Furthermore, the air outlet pipe of the decarbonization tower is connected to a dust removal device.

[0026] In the present invention, the exhaust gas discharged by the ship's diesel engine first enters the heat exchanger. Through heat exchange, the heat exchange medium water in the heat exchanger evaporates to generate steam, and the exhaust gas temperature is reduced. After the temperature is reduced, the supersaturated water vapor in the exhaust gas condenses with the ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas as the core. Then the exhaust gas enters the particle grower, and the steam generated by the heat exchanger is sprayed into it to further mix with the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas reaches a supersaturated state again, promotes the condensation of ultrafine particles, and increases the particle size. A tower plate is set in the particle grower to change the flow direction of the exhaust gas, strengthen the turbulence, promote the contact between the particles and the condensed water, and accelerate the growth of the particles. After that, the large-size particles formed by agglomeration are effectively removed with the exhaust gas flowing through the dust removal equipment, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged. The present invention sets a controller at the water inlet of the heat exchanger, which can change the water intake to match the exhaust volume and exhaust temperature as the working conditions of the diesel engine change. A bypass channel is passed through the steam outlet of the heat exchanger. When there is excess steam, part of the steam can be discharged for use in heating the crew, etc.; when there is insufficient steam, steam can be added to the system to ensure the removal effect of particulate matter (especially ultrafine particulate matter).

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0028] 1) The integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system of ship exhaust of the present invention can effectively remove greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust at the same time, thereby reducing carbon emissions from ships;

[0029] 2) Compared with other systems that can remove ultrafine particles, such as electrostatic precipitators, electric bag composite precipitators, etc., the ship exhaust particulate removal system of the present invention has lower energy consumption, occupies less space, has lower back pressure, and is more suitable for ship applications;

[0030] 3) The integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system of ship exhaust of the present invention is equipped with a heat exchanger, which uses ship exhaust as a heat source, and the generated steam can also serve the crew, making better use of the comprehensive heat of ship exhaust waste heat;

[0031] 4) In the integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system for ship exhaust of the present invention, on a ship with a waste heat recovery device, the heat exchanger can be replaced by a waste heat boiler in the waste heat recovery system, so that the device occupies a smaller space;

[0032] 5) The integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system for ship exhaust of the present invention has an extremely high removal rate for greenhouse gases and particulate matter, especially ultrafine particulate matter, in ship exhaust, and can make the greenhouse gas and particulate matter emissions of ship exhaust meet the requirements of relevant regulations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system for ship exhaust of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a detailed schematic diagram of the integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system of ship exhaust of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the decarbonization tower in the integrated removal system of greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a direct-opening direct-injection nozzle in an integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust;

[0037] Description of the markings in the figure:

[0038] 1-heat exchanger, 2-ship exhaust pipe, 3-decarbonization tower, 4-exhaust pipe, 5-sedimentation cabinet, 6-inlet pipe, 7-liquid outlet pipe, 8-distribution plate, 9-alkaline solution nozzle, 10-drug circulation pump, 11-drug cabinet, 12-cleaning cabinet, 13-flue gas analyzer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0040] The ship integrated removal system of the present invention uses alkaline adsorption technology as a theoretical basis to simultaneously remove greenhouse gases and particulate matter in diesel engine exhaust, including an integrated removal method and device for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust.

[0041] An integrated method for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology comprises:

[0042] S1: Cool the ship's exhaust gas until it is supersaturated with water vapor;

[0043] S2: spraying and mixing with alkaline solution, the obtained gas phase is washed and dusted by liquid phase to remove particulate matter; the obtained liquid phase is mixed with alkaline reagent and filtered to obtain a solution containing dissolved greenhouse gases.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the solution containing the greenhouse gas is mixed with the cooled ship exhaust spray as an alkaline solution.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the ship exhaust is cooled by heating and evaporating water to form water vapor; the resulting water vapor is mixed with the cooled ship exhaust, and then mixed with an alkaline solution by spraying.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the alkaline solution contains NaOH.

[0047] An integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown, including

[0048] The heat exchanger 1 is connected to the ship exhaust pipe 2 and is used to cool the ship exhaust gas to a supersaturated state of water vapor;

[0049] The decarbonization tower 3 is used to spray and mix the cooled ship exhaust gas with the alkaline solution to obtain a gas phase and a liquid phase;

[0050] A dust removal device is connected to the gas phase outlet of the decarbonization tower 3 and is used to remove particulate matter in the gas phase;

[0051] The sedimentation tank 5 is connected to the liquid phase outlet of the decarbonization tower 3, and has a solid phase outlet at the bottom and a liquid phase outlet at the upper layer. The solid phase is a liquid phase precipitate containing waste gas particles, and the liquid phase is an alkali solution.

[0052] In this system, the exhaust gas discharged by the ship's diesel engine first enters the heat exchanger 1. The waste heat of the exhaust gas will reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas itself while heating the heat exchanger 1. At this time, the water vapor in the exhaust gas becomes supersaturated water vapor due to the temperature reduction, and begins to condense and agglomerate with the ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas as the core; then the exhaust gas enters the decarbonization tower, and the system sprays the alkaline solution into the decarbonization tower 3 through a direct open nozzle to mix with the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas reaches a supersaturated state again, and then removes greenhouse gases through alkaline adsorption technology, and promotes further condensation of ultrafine particles through supersaturated steam, and the particle size of the particles increases. Most of the particles are removed by water washing, and a small part is discharged from the top of the decarbonization tower 3 with the gas phase.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger 1 is connected to a water vapor source, that is, the water in the cold side channel of the heat exchanger 1 is heated by the ship's exhaust gas to evaporate and generate steam.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, the steam generated in the cold side channel of the heat exchanger 1 is used to mix with an alkaline solution to increase the absorption of greenhouse gases in the exhaust gas, and to help ultrafine particles grow into large-size particles due to condensed water vapor, thereby helping to remove the particles.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, a water inlet valve and / or a bypass valve is provided on the cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger 1. By providing a controller and a water inlet valve at the water inlet of the heat exchanger, the water inlet amount can be changed to match the engine exhaust volume and exhaust temperature as the diesel engine operating conditions change. Since the exhaust volume and exhaust temperature change due to changes in the engine operating conditions, a bypass channel is provided at the steam outlet of the heat exchanger. When there is excess steam, part of the steam can be exported for use for heating the crew, etc.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the bottom of the decarbonization tower 3 is provided with an air inlet pipe 6 and a liquid phase outlet pipe 7, the top of the tower is provided with an air outlet pipe 4, and distribution plates 8 and alkaline solution nozzles 9 are alternately provided between the air inlet pipe 6 and the air outlet pipe 4.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, a demister 12 is provided at the top of the decarbonization tower 3 .

[0058] In some specific embodiments, a drug circulation pump 10 is provided between the liquid phase extraction port of the precipitation tank 5 and the alkaline solution nozzle 9 of the decarbonization tower 3. The supernatant alkaline solution in the precipitation tank 5 is circulated into the decarbonization tower 3 through the drug circulation pump 10 to absorb greenhouse gases.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the drug circulation pump 10 is a multi-stage centrifugal pharmaceutical pump.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the gas outlet pipe 4 of the decarbonization tower 3 is connected to a dust removal device.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, a tower plate is provided in the decarbonization tower 3 to change the direction of the airflow, strengthen the turbulence, promote the contact between the particles and water molecules, and accelerate the growth of the particles.

[0062] The following are more detailed implementation cases, which further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and the technical effects that can be obtained.

[0063] Embodiment 1:

[0064] The NOx content in typical ship diesel engine exhaust is 1000ppm, SO2 content is 500ppm, CO2 content is 5vol%, and O2 content is 14vol%. The particle size distribution is 20nm-100um. An integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust includes a heat exchanger 1, a decarbonization tower 3, and a sedimentation tank 5 which are sequentially connected to a ship exhaust pipe 2;

[0065] The cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger 1 is connected to the steam source, that is, the ship's exhaust gas heats the water in the cold side channel of the heat exchanger 1, evaporating to generate steam. The cold side temperature of the heat exchanger is controlled to an inlet temperature of 25°C and an outlet temperature of 65°C.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the decarbonization tower 3 is provided with an air inlet pipe 6 and a liquid phase outlet pipe 7, the top of the tower is provided with an air outlet pipe 4 and a demister 12, the air outlet pipe 4 is connected to a dust removal device, and distribution plates 8 and alkaline solution nozzles 9 are alternately provided between the air inlet pipe 6 and the air outlet pipe 4; the distribution plate 8 is arranged in the decarbonization tower 3 to change the direction of the air flow, strengthen the turbulence, promote the contact between the particles and water molecules, and accelerate the growth of the particles.

[0067] The overall height of the decarbonization tower 3 is designed to be 3000mm, the inner diameter is 400mm, and the top outlet pipe 4 is 100mm high and 125mm in diameter. The tower is divided into three parts, each of which is 100mm high, and each part has a metal filter as a distribution plate 8 to convey ventilation. The cooled ship diesel engine exhaust gas enters from the bottom of the system and leaves from the top. The pipes near the tower door are designed to be covered with cooling water to prevent ash from adhering to the pipes or explosions caused by high temperatures in the tower. The design is characterized by simple equipment, low refrigeration efficiency and low resistance.

[0068] The decarbonization tower 3 is designed with an injection device, which is located in the middle and upper part of the top of the decarbonization tower and adopts a direct injection nozzle. This form of direct injection nozzle will make the contacting gas or liquid flow larger than the spiral injection flow, thereby increasing the transfer of gas and liquid. Specifically, three injection devices are provided inside the decarbonization tower 3 as alkaline solution nozzles 9, and these nozzles are respectively located at three heights of 2500mm, 2000mm and 1500mm; the bottom liquid phase outlet pipe 7 has a height of 62mm and a diameter of 125mm. Design of nozzles in the decarbonization tower. According to the theoretical calculation of nozzle height design and the analysis of spiral tube nozzles and direct opening nozzles (such as Figure 4 The second type of direct opening nozzle was finally selected after comparative study and calculation (as shown in Figure 1). It is connected by external bolts, made of 316L stainless steel, injected at a 90-degree angle, and designed to have a working pressure of 4000kPa.

[0069] In addition, a demister 12 with a diameter of 70 mm is designed at the top of the tower.

[0070] A medicine cabinet 11, a sedimentation cabinet 5, a cleaning cabinet 12, and a medicine circulation pump 10 are connected in sequence between the liquid phase outlet pipe 7 of the decarbonization tower 3 and the alkaline solution nozzle 9 of the decarbonization tower 3. Three medicine cabinet devices for decarbonization are designed, namely, the medicine cabinet 11, the sedimentation cabinet 5, and the cleaning cabinet 12. The capacity of each cabinet is designed to be half a cubic meter. The medicine cabinet 11, the sedimentation cabinet 5, and the cleaning cabinet 12 adopt a uniform height, which is designed to be 600 mm. They are placed in a graded order to meet the requirements of ship diesel testing. The waste liquid first passes through the sedimentation cabinet 5, and then passes through the cleaning cabinet 12. The clean liquid passing through the cleaning cabinet 12 enters the medicine circulation pump 10 as a medicine circulation solvent.

[0071] The medicine cabinet 11 is provided with a dosing funnel and a cover plate for adding alkaline reagents such as NaOH and mixing with the produced liquid from the bottom of the decarbonization tower 3. The bottom of the sedimentation cabinet 5 is provided with a solid phase extraction port, and the upper layer is provided with a liquid phase extraction port. The solid phase extraction port is used to extract and recover solids, and the liquid phase extraction port is connected to the cleaning cabinet 12. The cleaning cabinet 12 is used to remove fine impurities and grease in the exhaust gas. A part of the discharge of the medicine circulation pump 10 enters the decarbonization tower 3 through the alkaline solution nozzle 9, and the other part returns to the cleaning cabinet 12.

[0072] According to the technical parameters of the selected mother pump and the calculated minimum theoretical ratio of liquid to gas, a multi-stage centrifugal pump with a suitable rated flow rate is designed as the drug circulation pump 10, the operating pressure is 5000 kPa, and the inlet and outlet pipelines of the drug pump are designed as PVC pipes with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0073] The air inlet pipe 6 and the air outlet pipe 4 of the decarbonization tower 3 are both provided with a flue gas analyzer 13. The discharge pipe of the cleaning cabinet 12 is provided with a pH meter.

[0074] The exhaust gas from the ship's diesel engine first enters the heat exchanger 1 and is cooled at a high temperature to a saturated temperature. The heat exchanger 1 is controlled by a flow controller to control the supply water flow by controlling the opening of the water inlet valve to match the changes in the diesel engine's operating conditions. The supply water exchanges heat with the engine exhaust gas in the heat exchanger and evaporates into steam, which reduces the exhaust gas temperature while increasing the supersaturation of water vapor in the exhaust gas. It begins to condense on the surface of the ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas and aggregates. The steam outlet of the heat exchanger 1 has a bypass channel connecting the valve. When there is excess steam, this part of the steam can be exported and used for heating the crew, etc.; when there is insufficient steam, steam can be added to the system to ensure the condensation and aggregation of particles.

[0075] The rapid flushing decarbonization tower 3 is used as the main device for the exhaust greenhouse gas absorption and particulate matter purification process. When the exhaust gas enters, the steam generated by the heat exchanger 1 is pumped into it and mixed with the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas reaches a supersaturated state again, promotes the condensation and aggregation of ultrafine particles, and increases the particle size of the particles. Therefore, the decarbonization tower 3 also serves as a particle growth device. A tower plate is set in the rapid flushing decarbonization tower to change the flow direction of the exhaust gas, strengthen the turbulence, promote the contact between the particles and water molecules, and accelerate the growth of the particles.

[0076] The design of the ship's carbon dioxide recovery agent uses sodium hydroxide solution to wash the exhaust gas generated by the ship. The ship's diesel engine exhaust, which has been cooled by the heat exchanger 1, first enters the decarbonization tower 3 from the bottom, and then the sodium hydroxide solution flowing out of the medicinal circulation pump is sprayed through the direct injection nozzle in the opposite direction of the air intake. The gas in the decarbonization tower 3 is mixed and reacted with the sodium hydroxide solution. The reacted sodium hydroxide solution is collected at the bottom of the decarbonization tower 3 and then flows into the sedimentation tank for cooling and recovery. These sodium hydroxide solutions will enter the sedimentation tank in turn and then be sprayed again through the drug circulation pump.

[0077] In addition, a branch pipe for exhaust gas discharge to the atmosphere is designed in the ship's exhaust pipe 2, which can discharge the exhaust gas directly into the atmosphere through a bypass system in an emergency.

[0078] The diesel engine exhaust pipe is equipped with a side valve to prevent the diesel engine from being damaged due to high pressure during the test.

[0079] In some specific embodiments, the specific implementation steps of a system for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust are as follows:

[0080] (1) The exhaust gas discharged by the ship's diesel engine first enters the heat exchanger 1, and the flow controller controls the opening of the water inlet valve to control the water inlet flow rate to match the changes in the diesel engine operating conditions. The inlet water exchanges heat with the exhaust gas in the heat exchanger 1 and evaporates into steam. At the same time, the exhaust gas temperature decreases, resulting in supersaturation of the exhaust gas. The water vapor in the exhaust gas begins to condense on the surface of the ultrafine particles as the core, and agglomerates and grows. A channel is connected to the valve at the steam outlet of the heat exchanger 1. When there is excess steam, part of the steam can be exported for use for heating the crew, etc.; when there is insufficient steam, steam can be added to the system through the valve port to improve the removal effect of exhaust gas particles.

[0081] (2) The tail gas after passing through the heat exchanger 1 enters the decarbonization tower 3. At the same time, the steam generated by the heat exchanger 1 is mixed with the alkaline solution delivered from the medicinal circulation pump, and sprayed into the decarbonization tower 3 through a direct open nozzle to mix with the tail gas. After the two are mixed, the tail gas is again in a supersaturated state, which intensifies and promotes the condensation of ultrafine particles and increases the particle size. At the same time, a tower plate is set in the decarbonization tower 3 to change the flow direction of the tail gas, strengthen the turbulence, promote the collision of particles and water molecules, and accelerate the growth of particles.

[0082] (3) The exhaust gas from the decarbonization tower 3 enters the dust removal equipment, and the particles with larger particle size are removed in the dust removal equipment, thereby further achieving effective removal of particles in the exhaust gas of the ship engine.

[0083] (4) The liquid phase flows downward from the top of the decarbonization tower.

[0084] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology, characterized in that: The method includes: S1: Cool the ship's exhaust gas until it is supersaturated with water vapor; S2: spraying and mixing with alkaline solution, the obtained gas phase is washed and dusted by liquid phase to remove particulate matter; the obtained liquid phase is mixed with alkaline reagent and filtered to obtain a solution containing dissolved greenhouse gases.

2. The integrated method for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solution containing the greenhouse gas is used as an alkaline solution and sprayed with the cooled ship exhaust gas.

3. The integrated method for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ship exhaust gas is cooled by heating and evaporating water to form water vapor; The obtained water vapor is mixed with the cooled ship exhaust gas and then sprayed with an alkaline solution.

4. The integrated method for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on alkaline adsorption technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The alkaline solution contains NaOH.

5. An integrated system for removing greenhouse gases and particulate matter from ship exhaust based on the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include A heat exchanger (1) is connected to the ship exhaust pipe (2) and is used to cool the ship exhaust until the water vapor is supersaturated; A decarbonization tower (3) is used to spray and mix the cooled ship exhaust gas with an alkaline solution to obtain a gas phase and a liquid phase; A dust removal device, connected to the gas phase outlet of the decarbonization tower (3), for removing particulate matter in the gas phase; The sedimentation tank (5) is connected to the liquid phase outlet of the decarbonization tower (3), and is provided with a solid phase extraction outlet at the bottom of the tank and a liquid phase spray outlet at the upper layer.

6. The integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger (1) is connected to a water vapor source.

7. The integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A water inlet valve and / or a bypass valve is provided on the cold side inlet pipe of the heat exchanger (1).

8. The integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The decarbonization tower (3) has an air inlet pipe (6) and a liquid phase outlet pipe (7) at the bottom of the tower, and an air outlet pipe (4) at the top of the tower. Distribution plates (8) and alkaline solution nozzles (9) are alternately arranged between the air inlet pipe (6) and the air outlet pipe (4).

9. The integrated greenhouse gas and particulate matter removal system in ship exhaust according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A drug circulation pump (10) is provided between the liquid phase extraction port of the precipitation tank (5) and the alkaline solution nozzle (9) of the decarbonization tower (3).

10. The integrated removal system for greenhouse gases and particulate matter in ship exhaust according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas outlet pipe (4) of the decarbonization tower (3) is connected to a dust removal device.

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