Photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device and method, and belongs to the technical field of waste photovoltaic module recovery, and the method comprises the following steps: transporting a photovoltaic panel to a designated position for cutting, and cutting the edge of a back plate of the photovoltaic panel by using a cutting knife part of a back plate stripping mechanism; tearing the clamped back plate from the photovoltaic panel, wherein the back plate is clamped by a clamping part of the back plate stripping mechanism; and the crystal silicon wafers on the photovoltaic panel are collected into the crystal silicon collecting box, and the crystal silicon wafers are collected into the crystal silicon collecting box through the crystal silicon collecting mechanism. According to the invention, the photovoltaic panel is conveyed to a designated position for cutting, the clamped back plate is torn off from the photovoltaic panel, and the crystal silicon wafer on the photovoltaic panel is collected into the crystal silicon collection box, so that the photovoltaic back plate and the crystal silicon wafer are separated and respectively collected in a physical mode; the separation efficiency is improved; and the integrity of the separated tempered glass is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of recycling waste photovoltaic components, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recycling device and method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has maintained a high growth trend. However, the number of photovoltaic modules scrapped or retired has also increased year by year.

[0003] Retired or scrapped photovoltaic modules contain materials such as tempered glass, high-purity silicon, and heavy metals such as copper, aluminum, and silver. They not only have high recycling value, but also avoid resource waste and environmental pollution. Regarding the recycling of crystalline silicon in photovoltaic panels, the existing photovoltaic module recycling technologies such as physical methods, thermal decomposition methods, and chemical methods have major defects in terms of cost, energy consumption, recovery rate, integrity, and environmental friendliness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop photovoltaic module recycling devices with low energy consumption, high recovery rate, and green environmental protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device, comprising a bracket, on which a backplane stripping mechanism, a crystalline silicon collecting mechanism, a conveying line and a crystalline silicon collecting box are sequentially arranged, wherein the conveying line is located between the crystalline silicon collecting box and the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism; the end of the conveying line flush with the bracket is the photovoltaic panel input end; the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism and the backplane stripping mechanism are located on the same horizontal plane; the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism is located at the backplane stripping mechanism close to the photovoltaic panel input end;

[0005] The back panel peeling mechanism comprises a first support plate, a cutting portion and a clamping portion are arranged on the lower surface of the first support plate, the cutting portion is located on the side of the clamping portion, and the cutting portion can move along the edge of the photovoltaic panel;

[0006] The clamping part comprises a scraper and a clamping mechanism, wherein the scraper is located at a side of the clamping mechanism away from the first supporting plate.

[0007] Further, the cutting part includes a first limiting plate;

[0008] The first limit plate is arranged on the lower surface of the first support plate, and a lead screw is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the first limit plate; a first servo motor is installed at the corner of the upper surface of the first support plate, and the first servo motor is transmission-connected to the lead screw;

[0009] A mounting seat of the first electric cylinder is slidably mounted on the side surface of the first limiting plate, and the mounting seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the end of the piston rod of the first electric cylinder is connected to the first scratching knife.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutting part further includes a second limiting plate;

[0011] The second limiting plate is arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting plate, and the second limiting plate is parallel to the first limiting plate;

[0012] A first double-ended lead screw is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the second limit plate away from the first limit plate, a third servo motor is mounted at the corner of the upper surface of the first support plate, and the third servo motor is transmission-connected to the first double-ended lead screw;

[0013] A mounting seat of the third electric cylinder is slidably mounted on the side surface of the second limiting plate, and the mounting seat is threadedly connected to the first double-headed lead screw, and the end of the piston rod of the third electric cylinder is connected to the second scratching knife.

[0014] Furthermore, the back panel peeling mechanism also includes a second servo motor, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first support plate and located between the first servo motor and the third servo motor, and the second servo motor is meshed with the rack on the bracket through the first gear.

[0015] Further, the clamping mechanism includes a second electric cylinder and a connecting plate;

[0016] The connecting plate is slidably mounted on the side surface of the second limit plate and is located between the first limit plate and the second limit plate; the second electric cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first support plate and is located between the two second servo motors; the end of the piston rod of the second electric cylinder passes through the first support plate and is connected to the connecting plate;

[0017] A clamp is arranged on one side of the connecting plate away from the second limiting plate; a scraper is connected to one end of the connecting plate away from the first supporting plate, and the clamp is located between the scraper and the first supporting plate.

[0018] Further, the crystalline silicon collection mechanism includes a first frame;

[0019] The first frame is slidably mounted on the track of the bracket; a fifth electric cylinder is connected to the side surface of the first frame, a piston rod of the fifth electric cylinder is fixedly connected to a roller brush mechanism, and the roller brush mechanism is connected to the crystalline silicon collection box through a crystalline silicon suction tube;

[0020] A fourth servo motor is disposed on the upper surface of the first frame, and the fourth servo motor is meshed with the rack of the bracket through the second gear.

[0021] Furthermore, the roller brush mechanism includes a roller brush frame, which is connected to the piston rod end of the fifth electric cylinder, and a roller brush is rotatably mounted on the roller brush frame; a roller brush motor is mounted on the side of the roller brush frame, and the roller brush motor is transmission-connected to the roller brush.

[0022] Further, the conveyor line includes a second frame and a clamping plate;

[0023] The second frame is installed on the bracket, and a plurality of rollers are rotated on the second frame, and the plurality of rollers are drivingly connected to a first reduction motor installed on the inner surface of the second frame;

[0024] A sixth electric cylinder is installed on the lower surface of the second frame, the sixth electric cylinder is located at the output end of the second frame, and the end of the piston rod of the sixth electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the baffle;

[0025] A second double-ended lead screw is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the second frame, and the second double-ended lead screw is transmission-connected to a fifth servo motor disposed on the lower surface of the second frame; two clamping plates are slidably mounted on the lower surface of the second frame, and the two clamping plates are symmetrically slidably mounted between the gaps of a plurality of rollers, and the two clamping plates are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second double-ended lead screw. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery method, using the photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device, comprises the following steps:

[0026] The photovoltaic panel is transported to a designated location for cutting, wherein the back sheet edge of the photovoltaic panel is cut by a cutting knife portion of the back sheet peeling mechanism;

[0027] tearing the clamped back sheet off the photovoltaic panel, wherein the back sheet is clamped by a clamping portion of the back sheet peeling mechanism;

[0028] The crystalline silicon wafers on the photovoltaic panel are collected into a crystalline silicon collection box, wherein the crystalline silicon wafers are collected into the crystalline silicon collection box by a crystalline silicon collection mechanism.

[0029] Furthermore, transporting the photovoltaic panels to a designated location for cutting includes the following steps:

[0030] The photovoltaic panel is transported to a designated position, and the first reduction motor drives the roller to transport the photovoltaic panel to contact the baffle; and the fifth servo motor drives two clamping plates to clamp the photovoltaic panel;

[0031] The back panel is cut by using a first cutter of the cutter part to cut the short side of the back panel; and then using a second cutter of the cutter part to cut the long side of the back panel.

[0032] Further, tearing the clamped back sheet off the photovoltaic panel comprises the following steps;

[0033] The edge of the back plate is scooped up by the scraper of the clamping part, and the scooped up back plate is clamped by the clamp of the clamping part;

[0034] Move the clips to separate the backsheet from the photovoltaic panel.

[0035] Further, collecting the crystalline silicon wafers on the photovoltaic panel into a crystalline silicon collection box includes the following steps:

[0036] Collect the crystalline silicon wafers, and use a rolling brush mechanism to clean the crystalline silicon wafers to the vicinity of the suction port of the crystalline silicon suction tube;

[0037] The crystalline silicon wafers are stored in a crystalline silicon collection box, and a crystalline silicon suction tube is used to suck the crystalline silicon wafers into the crystalline silicon collection box.

[0038] Beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The recycling device of the present invention transports the photovoltaic panel to a designated location for cutting, tears the clamped back panel from the photovoltaic panel, and collects the crystalline silicon wafers on the photovoltaic panel into a crystalline silicon collection box, thereby physically separating and collecting the photovoltaic back panel from the crystalline silicon wafers, thereby improving the separation efficiency and ensuring the integrity of the tempered glass.

[0040] 2. The present invention uses a scraper to scoop up one side of the cut backplane, and puts the scooped backplane into the clamp, and moves the clamp to separate the backplane from the photovoltaic panel. The entire separation and recycling process will not break the glass and use chemical agents, and does not involve the generation of waste gas, waste liquid and waste residue. At the same time, the separated glass has good integrity, simple operation and high recovery rate.

[0041] 3. The present invention arranges a cutting knife part, a scraper and a clamping mechanism on the back panel peeling mechanism, thereby realizing that the cutting knife part cuts the back panel, and the scraper and the clamping mechanism cooperate to scoop up and clamp the edge of the cut back panel, thereby realizing integrated peeling of the back panel and improving work efficiency.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown.

[0045] Figure 2 The overall structure and partial enlarged structure schematic diagram of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention are shown.

[0046] Figure 3 The back plate peeling mechanism and a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention are shown.

[0047] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the backboard peeling mechanism of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention from another angle is shown.

[0048] Figure 5 A side view schematic diagram of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the clamp and the blade of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Figure 7 Another angle schematic diagram of the installation position of the clamp and the scraper of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0051] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crystalline silicon collection mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0052] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying line in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0053] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the installation of the double-ended lead screw and the clamping plate in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0054] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the layers of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic assembly of the present invention is shown.

[0055] In the figure, 1, back plate peeling mechanism; 101, first cutting knife; 102, first electric cylinder; 103, first servo motor; 104, second servo motor; 105, second electric cylinder; 106, lead screw; 107, third servo motor; 108, third electric cylinder; 109, first double-ended lead screw; 110, second cutting knife; 111, fourth electric cylinder; 112, clamp; 1121, first clamping plate; 1122, second clamping plate; 113, scraper; 114, first supporting plate; 115, first limiting plate; 116, second limiting plate; 117, connecting plate; 118, first gear;

[0056] 2. Crystal silicon collection mechanism; 201. fifth electric cylinder; 202. fourth servo motor; 203. roller brush mechanism; 2031. roller brush frame; 2032. roller brush motor; 2033. roller brush; 204. first frame; 205. crystal silicon suction tube;

[0057] 3. Conveyor line; 301. Roller; 302. Fifth servo motor; 303. Second double-ended lead screw; 304. First reduction motor; 305. Sixth electric cylinder; 306. Baffle; 307. Clamping plate; 308. Second frame;

[0058] 4. Crystal silicon collection box; 5. Backplane collection box; 6. Backplane conveying mechanism; 7. Second reduction motor; 8. Bracket; 81. Track; 82. Rack;

[0059] 10. Photovoltaic panel; 11. Backplane; 12. Crystalline silicon wafer; 13. Glass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] The existing photovoltaic panel 10 structure level is as follows Fig.11 As shown, the assembly includes a back plate 11, a crystalline silicon wafer 12 and a glass 13, with the back plate 11 and the glass 13 on both sides and the crystalline silicon wafer 12 in the middle (refer to Fig.11 );

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The overall structure and partial enlarged structure diagram of the recovery device in Example 1 of the present invention are shown. Figure 2 A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device comprises a bracket 8, on which a backplane stripping mechanism 1, a crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2, a conveying line 3 and a crystalline silicon collecting box 4 are sequentially arranged, and the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 and the backplane stripping mechanism 1 are located on the same horizontal plane; the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 is located on the side of the backplane stripping mechanism 1 close to the input end of the photovoltaic panel 10, and the end of the conveying line 3 flush with the bracket 8 is the input end of the photovoltaic panel 10; the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 is connected to the crystalline silicon collecting box 4 through a pipeline; specifically, the bracket 8 is divided into three layers from top to bottom, the top layer is provided with a track 81 and a rack 82, the backplane stripping mechanism 1 and the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 are slidably installed on the track 81, and the middle layer is provided with a rack 82. The conveyor line 3 and the backplane conveying mechanism 6 are provided with a second reduction motor 7, and the second reduction motor 7 is used to drive the transmission belt on the backplane conveying mechanism 6, so as to realize the function of conveying the backplane 11 and the glass 13; and the height of the backplane conveying mechanism 6 is lower than the conveyor line 3, and the backplane conveying mechanism 6 is located at the output port of the conveyor line 3, and the backplane conveying mechanism 6 is used to transport the peeled backplane 11 and send it to the backplane collecting box 5; the bottom layer is installed with a crystalline silicon collecting box 4 and a backplane collecting box 5, and the crystalline silicon collecting box 4 and the backplane collecting box 5 are used to collect the split silicon wafers 12 and the backplane 11 respectively, and the backplane collecting box 5 is placed on the ground, and the crystalline silicon collecting box 4 is placed on the bottom frame.

[0063] Specifically, the back panel peeling mechanism 1 includes a first support plate 114, which is slidably mounted on the track 81 of the bracket 8; a driving mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the first support plate 114, and a cutting portion and a clamping portion are provided on the lower surface of the first support plate 114, wherein the cutting portion is located on the side of the clamping portion, and the cutting portion can move along the edge of the photovoltaic panel 10; the clamping portion includes a scraper 113 and a clamping mechanism, wherein the scraper 113 is located on the side of the clamping mechanism away from the first support plate 114; the scraper portion is located on the side of the scraper 113 and the clamping mechanism (refer to Figure 3 The back sheet peeling mechanism 1 cuts the back sheet 11 of the photovoltaic panel 10 with a knife, and the edge of the back edge 11 is scooped up by the scraper 113. The clamping mechanism clamps the scooped edge to separate the back edge 11 from the crystalline silicon wafer 12. The crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 collects the crystalline silicon wafer 12 into the crystalline silicon collecting box 4.

[0064] refer to Figure 3 The cutting part includes a first cutting knife 101, a first electric cylinder 102, a first servo motor 103 and a first limit plate 115; a first limit plate 115 is arranged on the lower surface of the first support plate 114, and a lead screw 106 is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the first limit plate 115; a first servo motor 103 is mounted at the corner of the upper surface of the first support plate 114, and the motor shaft of the first servo motor 103 is connected to the lead screw 106 through a conveyor belt and a conveyor wheel; a mounting seat of the first electric cylinder 102 is slidably mounted on the side surface of the first limit plate 115, and the mounting seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw 106; the piston rod end of the first electric cylinder 102 is connected to the first cutting knife 101. The lead screw 106 is driven to rotate by the first servo motor 103, thereby driving the first electric cylinder 102 and the first cutting knife 101 to move along the lead screw 106, and the first electric cylinder 102 is used to control whether the first cutting knife 101 contacts the back plate 11, thereby cutting the back plate 11.

[0065] refer to Figure 4The cutting knife part also includes a third servo motor 107, a third electric cylinder 108, a first double-ended lead screw 109 and a second cutting knife 110; a second limit plate 116 is arranged on the lower surface of the first support plate 114, and the second limit plate 116 is parallel to the first limit plate 115; the first double-ended lead screw 109 is rotatably installed on the side of the second limit plate 116 away from the first limit plate 115, and the first double-ended lead screw 109 is symmetrical and parallel to the lead screw 106; a third servo motor 107 is installed at the corner of the upper surface of the first support plate 114, and the third servo motor 107 is connected to the first double-ended lead screw 109 through a conveyor belt and a conveyor wheel; the mounting seat of the third electric cylinder 108 is slidably installed on the second limit plate 116, and the mounting seat is threadedly connected to the first double-ended lead screw 109; the piston rod end of the third electric cylinder 108 is connected to the second cutting knife 110. The first double-headed screw 109 is driven to rotate by the third servo motor 107, thereby driving the two groups of third electric cylinders 108 and the second cutting knife 110 to move toward and away from each other along the first double-headed screw 109. The third electric cylinder 108 is used to control whether the second cutting knife 110 is in contact with the back plate 11, thereby cutting the back plate 11.

[0066] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation is that the back panel peeling mechanism 1 includes a second servo motor 104, and the two second servo motors 104 are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first support plate 114, one of which is located between the first servo motor 103 and the third servo motor 107, and the other is located on the right side of the first support plate 114 (with Figure 4 The second servo motor 104 is meshed with the rack 82 on the bracket 8 through the first gear 118.

[0067] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a second electric cylinder 105 and a connecting plate 117; the connecting plate 117 is slidably mounted on the second limit plate 116 and is located between the first limit plate 115 and the second limit plate 116; the second electric cylinder 105 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first support plate 114 and is located between the two second servo motors 104 (refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4); the end of the piston rod of the second electric cylinder 105 passes through the first support plate 114 and is connected to the connecting plate 117; a clamp 112 is connected to the side of the connecting plate 117 away from the second limit plate 116; a scraper 113 is connected to the end of the connecting plate 117 away from the first support plate 114, and the clamp 112 is located between the scraper 113 and the first support plate 114. Specifically, the second electric cylinder 105 drives the connecting plate 117 and then drives the clamp 112 and the scraper 113 to move up and down. The clamp 112 includes a first clamping plate 1121 and a second clamping plate 1122. The first clamping plate 1121 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 117 to play a connecting and supporting role; the second clamping plate 1122 is located between the first clamping plate 1121 and the first servo motor 103. The fourth electric cylinder 111 is fixedly installed on the first clamping plate 1121, and the piston rod passes through the first clamping plate 1121 and is fixedly connected to the second clamping plate 1122. After the back plate 11 is cut, the scraper 113 is inserted into the back plate 11, and then the fourth electric cylinder 111 drives the second clamping plate 1122 to approach the scraper 113 to clamp the back plate 11 curling (refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 ).

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the crystalline silicon collection mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 8 The crystalline silicon collection mechanism 2 includes a first frame 204; the first frame 204 is slidably mounted on the track 81 of the bracket 8; the side surface of the first frame 204 is connected to a fifth electric cylinder 201, the piston rod of the fifth electric cylinder 201 is fixedly connected to the rolling brush mechanism 203, and the rolling brush mechanism 203 is connected to the crystalline silicon collection box 4 through the crystalline silicon suction tube 205; the upper surface of the first frame 204 is provided with a fourth servo motor 202, and the fourth servo motor 202 is meshed with the rack 82 on the bracket 8 through the second gear. The fourth servo motor 202 drives the second gear and then drives the crystalline silicon collection mechanism 2 to move, and the fifth electric cylinder 201 controls whether the rolling brush mechanism 203 contacts the crystalline silicon wafer 12; the crystalline silicon wafer 12 is collected by the rolling brush mechanism 203 and transported to the crystalline silicon collection box 4 through the suction fan arranged behind the crystalline silicon suction tube 205;

[0069] Specifically, the roller brush mechanism 203 includes a roller brush frame 2031, which is connected to the piston rod end of the fifth electric cylinder 201, and a roller brush 2033 is rotatably mounted on the roller brush frame 2031; a roller brush motor 2032 is mounted on the side of the roller brush frame 2031, and the roller brush motor 2032 is transmission-connected to the roller brush 2033. The roller brush motor 2032 drives the roller brush 2033 to rotate and collect the crystalline silicon wafers 12 to the tube mouth of the crystalline silicon suction tube 205.

[0070] refer to Fig. 9The conveyor line 3 includes a second frame 308; the second frame 308 is installed on the bracket 8, and multiple rollers 301 are rotated on the second frame 308, and several rollers 301 are transmission-connected with the first reduction motor 304; the first reduction motor 304 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the second frame 308; the sixth electric cylinder 305 is installed on the lower surface of the second frame 308 and is located at the output end of the second frame 308, and the end of the piston rod of the sixth electric cylinder 305 is fixedly connected with the baffle 306; the second double-headed screw 303 is rotatably installed below the second frame 308, and two clamping plates 307 are slidably installed below the second frame 308, and are slidably installed between multiple rollers 301, and are higher than the rollers 301 to facilitate clamping the photovoltaic panel 10 above the rollers 301, and the two clamping plates 307 are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second double-headed screw 303 (reference Fig.10 ); the second double-ended lead screw 303 is in transmission connection with the fifth servo motor 302 disposed on the second frame 308. Specifically, the first reduction motor 304 drives the roller 301 to rotate and thus transmit the photovoltaic panel 10 to move, the sixth electric cylinder 305 drives the baffle 306 to rise to block the photovoltaic panel 10, and the fifth servo motor 302 drives the second double-ended lead screw 303 and then drives the clamping plate 307 to clamp or release the photovoltaic panel 10.

[0071] Working principle:

[0072] When the present invention is used, the photovoltaic panel 10 to be recycled needs to be placed on the roller 301 of the conveyor line 3 with the back plate 11 facing upwards. The first reduction motor 304 drives the roller 301 to rotate and then conveys the photovoltaic panel 10 to move toward the baffle 306. At the same time, the sixth electric cylinder 305 drives the baffle 306 to rise to block the photovoltaic panel 10. When the photovoltaic panel 10 contacts the baffle 306, the first reduction motor 304 stops working, and the fifth servo motor 302 drives the second double-headed screw 303 to drive the clamping The plates 307 move toward each other to clamp the photovoltaic panel 10, and then the back panel peeling mechanism 1 is driven by the second servo motor 104 to move so that the first cutter 101 is located at the edge of the back panel 11 of the photovoltaic panel 10 close to the baffle 306, and then the first electric cylinder 102 extends to control the first cutter 101 to contact the back panel 11, and at the same time, the first servo motor 103 drives the lead screw 106 to rotate, thereby driving the first electric cylinder 102 and the first cutter 101 to move along the lead screw 106 to cut the first short side of the back panel 11;

[0073] After the first short side is cut, the first electric cylinder 102 contracts to make the first cutter 101 leave the back plate 11, the first servo motor 103 operates to make the first cutter 101 return to its original position, the back plate peeling mechanism 1 moves under the drive of the second servo motor 104 so that the two second cutters 110 are respectively located above the two ends of the first short side scratch, the second cutters 110 are extended and driven by the third electric cylinder 108 to fall and contact the back plate 11, and the second cutter 110 moves in the back plate peeling mechanism 1 away from the back plate conveying mechanism 6 to cut the long side of the back plate 11;

[0074] After the long side is cut, the third electric cylinder 108 retracts and drives the second cutting knife 110 to be put away. Because the second cutting knife 110 is on the right side of the first cutting knife 101 at this time, after the long side is cut and the second cutting knife 110 is put away, the back plate peeling mechanism 1 moves a little towards the import direction driven by the second servo motor 104, and the first servo motor 103 drives the lead screw 106 to adjust the position of the first cutting knife 101 so that the first cutting knife 101 is located at the end point of one of the long sides. The first cutting knife 101 is extended and pushed down by the first electric cylinder 102 to contact the back plate 11, and the first servo motor 103 drives the lead screw 106 to move the first cutting knife 101 to cut the second short side of the back plate 11; after the second short side is cut, the first electric cylinder 102 contracts to make the first cutting knife 101 leave the back plate 11, and the first servo motor 103 acts to make the first cutting knife 101 return to its original position;

[0075] The second servo motor 104 drives the back panel peeling mechanism 1 to make the scraper 113 outside the photovoltaic panel 10 and align with the short side gap. Then the second electric cylinder 105 is actuated to make the scraper 113 drop to the edge of the short side gap of the back panel 11. The back panel peeling mechanism 1 moves forward and backward to scrape up the cut side of the back panel 11. Then the fourth electric cylinder 111 is extended to make the second clamping plate 1122 drop, and the back panel 11 between the second clamping plate 1122 and the scraper 113 is compacted. Then the second electric cylinder 105 is actuated to lift the scraper 113 and the clamp 112, and the back panel 11 is lifted, and the back panel peeling mechanism 1 is moved to the leftmost end of the bracket 8 (with the back panel 11 being moved to the leftmost end of the bracket 8). Figure 2 For example), the backboard 11 is pulled and falls onto the backboard conveying mechanism 6. The second reduction motor 7 is controlled to drive the backboard conveying mechanism 6 to move toward the conveying line 3, and the torn backboard 11 then passes through the gap between the conveying line 3 and the backboard conveying mechanism 6 and enters the backboard collection box 5;

[0076] When the back plate peeling mechanism 1 moves after the curling edge is lifted, the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 moves synchronously thereafter, and collects the crystalline silicon wafers 12 while peeling the back plate 11. The movement of the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 is achieved by the fourth servo motor 202 driving the second gear;

[0077] The fifth electric cylinder 201 controls the rolling brush mechanism 203 and the crystalline silicon suction tube 205 to descend, so that the rolling brush mechanism 203 and the crystalline silicon suction tube 205 are close to the crystalline silicon wafer 12. While the crystalline silicon collection mechanism 2 moves, the rolling brush mechanism 203 cleans the crystalline silicon wafer 12 inside the photovoltaic panel 10 so that the crystalline silicon wafer 12 is concentrated near the suction port of the crystalline silicon suction tube 205, and is connected to the suction fan through the crystalline silicon suction tube 205, and finally the crystalline silicon wafer 12 is sucked out and collected in the collection bucket provided in the crystalline silicon collection box 4. After collecting the crystalline silicon wafer 12, the sixth electric cylinder 305 drives the baffle 306 to descend, and the glass 13 is driven to fall onto the backboard conveying mechanism 6 when the first reduction motor 304 drives the roller 301, and the backboard conveying mechanism 6 is driven by the second reduction motor 7, and the glass 13 is then output from the machine; then the second unprocessed photovoltaic panel 10 is placed, and the above steps are repeated for processing.

[0078] Embodiment 2:

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The flowchart of the method in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery method, using the photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device of the above embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:

[0080] Before proceeding to the following steps, the photovoltaic panel 10 needs to be irradiated with light, the frame is disassembled, and the junction box is disassembled; then the following steps are performed;

[0081] S1, transporting the photovoltaic panel 10 to a designated location for cutting, wherein the edge of the back sheet 11 of the photovoltaic panel 10 is cut by using the cutting knife part of the back sheet peeling mechanism 1;

[0082] S2, tearing the clamped back sheet 11 off the photovoltaic panel 10, wherein the back sheet 11 is clamped by the clamping part of the back sheet peeling mechanism 1;

[0083] S3, collecting the crystalline silicon wafers 12 on the photovoltaic panel 10 into the crystalline silicon collection box 4, wherein the crystalline silicon wafers 12 are collected into the crystalline silicon collection box 4 by the crystalline silicon collection mechanism 2.

[0084] Specifically, transporting the photovoltaic panel 10 to a designated location for cutting includes the following steps:

[0085] The photovoltaic panel 10 is transported to a designated position, wherein the first reduction motor 304 drives the roller 301 to transport the photovoltaic panel 10 to contact the baffle 306, and then the fifth servo motor 302 drives two clamping plates 307 to clamp the photovoltaic panel 10;

[0086] The back plate 11 is cut by using a first cutter (101) of the cutter part to cut the short side of the back plate (11); and then using a second cutter 110 of the cutter part to cut the long side of the back plate (11).

[0087] Furthermore, cutting the edge of the back sheet 11 of the photovoltaic panel 10 by the scribing portion includes the following steps:

[0088] The back plate peeling mechanism 1 is driven by the second servo motor 104 to move toward the back plate conveying mechanism 6 and move to the end of the back plate 11 close to the baffle 306. The first cutter 101 is driven by the first electric cylinder 102 to descend and contact the back plate 11. The first cutter 101 is driven by the first servo motor 103 to move the lead screw 106 to cut the short side of the back plate 11.

[0089] After the short side is cut, the first electric cylinder 102 retracts and retracts the first cutting knife 101, the first servo motor 103 operates to make the first cutting knife 101 return to its original position, the backboard peeling mechanism 1 is driven by the second servo motor 104 to move the second cutting knife 110 above one end of the short side cut in the previous step, the second cutting knife 110 is extended and driven by the third electric cylinder 108 to fall and contact the backboard 11, and the second cutting knife 110 moves in the backboard peeling mechanism 1 away from the backboard conveying mechanism 6 to cut the long side of the backboard 11;

[0090] After the long side is cut, the third electric cylinder 108 retracts and drives the second cutting knife 110 to be put away. Because the second cutting knife 110 is now on the right side of the first cutting knife 101, after the long side is cut and the second cutting knife 110 is put away, the back panel peeling mechanism 1 moves a little towards the import direction driven by the second servo motor 104, and the first servo motor 103 drives the lead screw 106 to adjust the position of the first cutting knife 101 so that the first cutting knife 101 is located at the end point of one of the long sides. The first cutting knife 101 is extended and pushed down by the first electric cylinder 102 to contact the back panel 11, and the first servo motor 103 drives the lead screw 106 to move the first cutting knife 101 to cut the second short side of the back panel 11. After the second short side is cut, the first electric cylinder 102 contracts to make the first cutting knife 101 leave the back panel 11, and the first servo motor 103 acts to make the first cutting knife 101 return to its original position.

[0091] Specifically, tearing the clamped back sheet 11 from the photovoltaic panel 10 includes the following steps:

[0092] The edge of the back plate 11 is scooped up by the scraper 113 of the clamping part, and the scooped up back plate 11 is clamped by the clamp 112 of the clamping part;

[0093] The clamp 112 is moved to separate the back sheet 11 from the photovoltaic panel 11 .

[0094] Further, the scraper 113 falls and moves to scrape up one side of the cut backboard 11, and the scraped backboard 11 enters the clamp 112, that is, the second electric cylinder 105 is actuated to make the scraper 113 fall to the edge of the short side gap of the backboard 11, and the backboard peeling mechanism 1 moves forward and backward to scrape up the cut side of the cut backboard 11, so that the scraped side enters between the scraper 113 and the second clamp 1122.

[0095] The second clamp 1122 and the scraper 113 clamp the scooped backboard 11, and move the clamp 112 to separate the backboard 11 from the photovoltaic panel 10, that is, the fourth electric cylinder 111 extends to make the second clamp 1122 descend, compact the backboard 11 between the second clamp 1122 and the scraper 113, and then the second electric cylinder 105 is actuated to lift the scraper 113 and the clamp 112, lift the backboard 11, and move the backboard peeling mechanism 1 to separate the backboard 11 from the photovoltaic panel 10.

[0096] Specifically, collecting the crystalline silicon wafers 12 on the photovoltaic panel 10 into the crystalline silicon collection box 4 includes the following steps:

[0097] The crystalline silicon wafers 12 are collected by using a rolling brush mechanism 203 to clean the crystalline silicon wafers 12 to the vicinity of the suction port of the crystalline silicon suction tube 205;

[0098] The crystalline silicon wafers 12 are stored in the crystalline silicon collection box 4 , and the crystalline silicon suction tube 205 is used to suck the crystalline silicon wafers 12 into the crystalline silicon collection box 4 .

[0099] Furthermore, when the back plate peeling mechanism 1 moves after the curling edge is lifted, the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 moves synchronously thereafter, and crystalline silicon is collected while peeling the back plate. The movement of the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism 2 is realized by the fourth servo motor 202.

[0100] The rolling brush mechanism 203 and the crystalline silicon suction tube 205 are lowered to contact the crystalline silicon wafer 12, that is, the fifth electric cylinder 201 controls the rolling brush mechanism 203 and the crystalline silicon suction tube 205 to lower, so that the rolling brush mechanism 203 and the crystalline silicon suction tube 205 are closely attached to the crystalline silicon wafer 12.

[0101] The rolling brush mechanism 203 cleans the crystalline silicon wafers 12 to the vicinity of the suction port of the crystalline silicon suction tube 205, and the crystalline silicon collection box 4 sucks the crystalline silicon wafers 12 through the crystalline silicon suction tube 205. That is, while the crystalline silicon collection mechanism 2 moves, the rolling brush mechanism 203 cleans the crystalline silicon wafers 12 inside the photovoltaic panel 10 so that the crystalline silicon wafers 12 are concentrated near the suction port of the crystalline silicon suction tube 205, and are connected to the suction fan through the crystalline silicon suction tube 205, and finally the crystalline silicon wafers 12 are sucked out and collected in a collection bucket arranged in the crystalline silicon collection box 4.

[0102] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device, characterized in that: comprising a bracket (8), The support (8) is provided with a backplane stripping mechanism (1), a crystalline silicon collecting mechanism (2), a conveying line (3) and a crystalline silicon collecting box (4) in sequence, the conveying line (3) being located between the crystalline silicon collecting box (4) and the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism (2); the end of the conveying line (3) flush with the support (8) is the input end of the photovoltaic panel (10); the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism (2) and the backplane stripping mechanism (1) are located on the same horizontal plane; the crystalline silicon collecting mechanism (2) is located on the backplane stripping mechanism (1) close to the input end of the photovoltaic panel (10); The back panel peeling mechanism (1) comprises a first support plate (114), a cutting portion and a clamping portion are arranged on the lower surface of the first support plate (114), the cutting portion is located on the side of the clamping portion, and the cutting portion can move along the edge of the photovoltaic panel (10); The clamping portion comprises a scraper (113) and a clamping mechanism, wherein the scraper (113) is located on a side of the clamping mechanism away from the first support plate (114).

2. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting part comprises a first limiting plate (115); The first limiting plate (115) is arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting plate (114), and a lead screw (106) is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the first limiting plate (115); a first servo motor (103) is mounted at a corner of the upper surface of the first supporting plate (114), and the first servo motor (103) is transmission-connected to the lead screw (106); A mounting seat of the first electric cylinder (102) is slidably mounted on the side surface of the first limiting plate (115), and the mounting seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw (106), and the end of the piston rod of the first electric cylinder (102) is connected to the first cutting knife (101).

3. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting blade part also includes a second limiting plate (116); The second limiting plate (116) is arranged on the lower surface of the first supporting plate (114), and the second limiting plate (116) is parallel to the first limiting plate (115); A first double-ended lead screw (109) is rotatably mounted on the side surface of the second limit plate (116) away from the first limit plate (115); a third servo motor (107) is mounted at a corner of the upper surface of the first support plate (114); and the third servo motor (107) is transmission-connected to the first double-ended lead screw (109); A mounting seat of the third electric cylinder (108) is slidably mounted on the side surface of the second limiting plate (116), and the mounting seat is threadedly connected to the first double-headed screw (109), and the piston rod end of the third electric cylinder (108) is connected to the second cutting knife (110).

4. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back panel peeling mechanism (1) further comprises a second servo motor (104), which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first support plate (114) and is located between the first servo motor (103) and the third servo motor (107); the second servo motor (104) is meshed with a rack (82) on the bracket (8) via a first gear (118).

5. The photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a second electric cylinder (105) and a connecting plate (117); The connecting plate (117) is slidably mounted on the side surface of the second limiting plate (116) and is located between the first limiting plate (115) and the second limiting plate (116); the second electric cylinder (105) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first supporting plate (114) and is located between the two second servo motors (104); the end of the piston rod of the second electric cylinder (105) passes through the first supporting plate (114) and is connected to the connecting plate (117); A clamp (112) is provided on one side of the connecting plate (117) away from the second limiting plate (116); a scraper (113) is connected to one end of the connecting plate (117) away from the first supporting plate (114), and the clamp (112) is located between the scraper (113) and the first supporting plate (114).

6. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crystalline silicon collection mechanism (2) comprises a first frame (204); The first frame (204) is slidably mounted on a track (81) of the bracket (8); a fifth electric cylinder (201) is connected to a side surface of the first frame (204); a piston rod of the fifth electric cylinder (201) is fixedly connected to a rolling brush mechanism (203); and the rolling brush mechanism (203) is connected to a crystalline silicon collection box (4) via a crystalline silicon suction tube (205); A fourth servo motor (202) is disposed on the upper surface of the first frame (204), and the fourth servo motor (202) is meshed with a rack (82) of the bracket (8) via a second gear.

7. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roller brush mechanism (203) comprises a roller brush frame (2031), the roller brush frame (2031) being connected to the piston rod end of the fifth electric cylinder (201), and a roller brush (2033) being rotatably mounted on the roller brush frame (2031); a roller brush motor (2032) being mounted on the side of the roller brush frame (2031), and the roller brush motor (2032) being transmission-connected to the roller brush (2033).

8. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conveyor line (3) comprises a second frame (308) and a clamping plate (307); The second frame (308) is installed on the bracket (8), and a plurality of rollers (301) are rotated on the second frame (308), and the plurality of rollers (301) are transmission-connected to a first reduction motor (304) installed on the inner surface of the second frame (308); A sixth electric cylinder (305) is installed on the lower surface of the second frame (308), the sixth electric cylinder (305) is located at the output end of the second frame (308), and the end of the piston rod of the sixth electric cylinder (305) is fixedly connected to the baffle (306); A second double-headed lead screw (303) is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the second frame (308), and the second double-headed lead screw (303) is transmission-connected to a fifth servo motor (302) arranged on the lower surface of the second frame (308); two clamping plates (307) are slidably mounted on the lower surface of the second frame (308), and the two clamping plates (307) are symmetrically slidably mounted between the gaps of a plurality of rollers (301), and the two clamping plates (307) are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second double-headed lead screw (303).

9. A method for recovering crystalline silicon from photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: The photovoltaic panel (10) is transported to a designated location for cutting, wherein the edge of the back panel (11) of the photovoltaic panel (10) is cut using a cutting knife portion of the back panel peeling mechanism (1); The clamped back sheet (11) is torn off from the photovoltaic panel (10), wherein the back sheet (11) is clamped by the clamping part of the back sheet peeling mechanism (1); The crystalline silicon wafers (12) on the photovoltaic panel (10) are collected into a crystalline silicon collection box (4), wherein the crystalline silicon wafers (12) are collected into the crystalline silicon collection box (4) by a crystalline silicon collection mechanism (2).

10. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Transporting the photovoltaic panel (10) to a designated location for cutting comprises the following steps: The photovoltaic panel (10) is transported to a designated position, and the first reduction motor (304) drives the roller (301) to transport the photovoltaic panel (10) to contact the baffle (306); and the fifth servo motor (302) drives two clamping plates (307) to clamp the photovoltaic panel (10); The back plate (11) is cut by using a first cutter (101) of the cutter part to cut the short side of the back plate (11); and then using a second cutter (110) of the cutter part to cut the long side of the back plate (11).

11. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method of tearing the clamped back sheet (11) off the photovoltaic panel (10) comprises the following steps: The edge of the back plate (11) is scooped up by using a scraper (113) of the clamping part, and the scooped up back plate (11) is clamped by using a clamp (112) of the clamping part; The clamp (112) is moved to separate the back sheet (11) from the photovoltaic panel (10).

12. A photovoltaic panel crystalline silicon recovery method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Collecting the crystalline silicon wafers (12) on the photovoltaic panel (10) into a crystalline silicon collection box (4) comprises the following steps: The crystalline silicon wafers (12) are collected by using a rolling brush mechanism (203) to sweep the crystalline silicon wafers (12) to the vicinity of the suction port of the crystalline silicon suction tube (205); The crystalline silicon wafer (12) is stored in a crystalline silicon collection box (4), and a crystalline silicon suction tube (205) is used to suck the crystalline silicon wafer (12) into the crystalline silicon collection box (4).

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