Deflection angle shaft part tool and machining method

Abstract

The invention provides a deflection angle shaft part tool and a method for machining deflection angle shaft parts through the deflection angle shaft part tool. The tool is used for clamping and fixing the deflection angle shaft part, the part comprises a straight shaft section and an inclined shaft section, and the tool comprises a first positioning part and a second positioning part which are located on the two end faces of the deflection angle shaft part respectively. The part achieves positioning of the straight shaft section and the inclined shaft section through the straight shaft positioning hole and the inclined shaft positioning hole respectively, the straight shaft positioning hole is located in the central axis of the straight shaft section, and the inclined shaft positioning hole is located in the central axis of the inclined shaft section. The inclined shaft positioning holes are located in the outward end faces of the first positioning part and the second positioning part. By means of the design, the tool can be suitable for most of short and small deflection angle shaft parts with too large or too small axis included angles and close axis intersection points to the end faces, product machining consistency can be easily guaranteed, and batch production can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of angled shaft parts processing, and in particular relates to an angled shaft parts tooling, and a method for processing the angled shaft parts using the tooling. Background Art

[0002] The deflection axis includes a straight axis segment and an oblique axis segment. The axis centerline of the oblique axis segment intersects the axis centerline of the straight axis segment at a certain angle. A typical deflection axis generates a deflection cylinder at the middle end of the straight axis. Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the deflection axis rotates along the axis of the straight axis, the deflection cylinder in the middle performs a yaw motion. This function is the original intention of designing the deflection axis. The intersection of the two axis lines of the deflection axis is the common point of the rotation of the two intersecting cylinders. The section plane of the deflection cylinder containing this point performs a yaw motion around this point. Figure 3 As shown. Therefore, it is also the origin of many angle shaft designs. In order for the angle shaft to complete the rotational motion, the bearing needs to be installed on the cylinder. The bearing installation requires precise radial and axial positioning. Therefore, the intersection of the axis centerline, the shaft diameter, and the step position of the shaft are the key factors in the processing of the angle shaft.

[0003] At present, the processing of deflection shaft parts is mostly carried out by vertical CNC machining centers. During processing, after the deflection shaft design origin is aligned with the center of the machining center's rotary table and the machining tool (center drill) is aligned with the axis centerline, the straight shaft mounting hole can be processed. Then the CNC table is accurately rotated to produce the oblique shaft locating hole that meets the deflection angle requirements. However, not all deflection shafts designed according to functional requirements meet this processing requirement. When the axis centerline angle of the part is small or large, and the intersection of the axis centerlines is close to the shaft end face, the straight shaft locating hole and the oblique shaft locating hole on the shaft end face will overlap or float away from the end face. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In addition, this technical solution makes it difficult to achieve precision grinding of the shaft diameter, resulting in limited product accuracy and life. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions.

[0005] A tooling for angled shaft parts is used to clamp and fix angled shaft parts, the parts include a straight shaft section and an oblique shaft section, and the tooling includes a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion respectively located at the two end faces of the angled shaft part. The parts respectively realize the positioning of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section through a straight shaft positioning hole and an oblique shaft positioning hole, the straight shaft positioning hole is located on the central axis of the straight shaft section, and the oblique shaft positioning hole is located on the central axis of the oblique shaft section. The oblique shaft positioning hole is located on the outward end faces of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion. This design enables the tooling to be applicable to most angled shaft parts, especially short and small ones with axis angles that are too large or too small, and the intersection of the axis is close to the end face, which makes it easy to ensure the consistency of product processing and can realize mass production.

[0006] As an optimal technical solution for tooling of angular shaft parts, the tooling includes a core shaft and a locking nut, the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are located on both axial sides of the core shaft, the straight shaft positioning hole is located on the outward end surfaces of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion, and the core shaft passes through the part and fixes the part through the locking nut.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution for the tooling of angled shaft parts, the tooling includes a process plug and a cover, and the first positioning part and the second positioning part are respectively located on the process plug and the cover. The two sides of the part are respectively a large end and a small end, and the large end is provided with an assembly hole, the process plug is assembled on the large end, and the cover is assembled with the small end. The straight shaft positioning holes are located on the end faces of the two sides of the part, and the cover and the process plug are provided with through holes coaxial with the straight shaft positioning holes.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for the tooling of angular shaft parts, the tooling includes two covers, and the first positioning part and the second positioning part are respectively located on the two covers. The two sides of the part are small ends, and the two covers are respectively assembled on the small ends on both sides; the straight shaft positioning hole is located on the two side end faces of the part, and the cover is provided with a through hole coaxial with the straight shaft positioning hole.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution for a tooling for angular shaft parts, the surface of the tooling in contact with the part is nickel-plated or tin-plated.

[0010] A method for processing an angled shaft part comprises the following steps:

[0011] S10: According to the specific design of the deflection axis, adopt one of the following solutions:

[0012] a. If the part is a short and thick deflection shaft, the tooling structure described in claim 2 is adopted;

[0013] b. If the part is a pagoda-shaped deflection shaft, the tooling structure according to claim 3 is adopted;

[0014] c. If the part is a slender angled shaft, the tooling structure described in claim 4 is adopted.

[0015] S20: A straight shaft positioning hole and an oblique shaft positioning hole on the tooling are machined according to the central axes of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section.

[0016] S30: Assemble the part on the tooling, install the tooling on the fixture of the machining center using the straight shaft positioning hole as the positioning reference, and then process the shaft diameter and step of the straight shaft section of the part.

[0017] S40: The tooling is installed on the fixture of the machining center using the inclined axis positioning hole as the positioning reference, and then the shaft diameter and step of the inclined axis section of the part are machined.

[0018] Wherein, the step S10 further includes the following steps:

[0019] S11: Install the part on the fixture of the machining center, and then process the shaft diameter and step of the part wrapped by the tooling. At the same time, if the part is a short and thick angled shaft, the part is processed into a hollow structure; if the part is a pagoda-shaped angled shaft, a mounting hole is processed on the end face of the large end of the part.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The use of tooling can ensure the processing accuracy of the angle shaft, with high processing efficiency, which can meet the needs of mass production.

[0022] 2. This process does not require expensive five-axis turning and milling machine tools, and has low processing costs, which is beneficial to product cost control.

[0023] 3. It can realize the precision grinding of the shaft diameter part, and improve the accuracy and life of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a typical example of an angular shaft part.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the second typical example of an angular shaft part.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the yaw fluctuation of the cutting plane of the angular axis with the intersection of the axes as the center.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a plan view of Example 1 of machining an angled axis using the prior art.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a plan view schematic diagram of Example 2 of machining the deflection axis using the prior art.

[0029] Figure 6This is the assembly structure diagram of the short and thick deflection shaft and the corresponding tooling.

[0030] Figure 7 This is the assembly structure diagram of the pagoda-type deflection shaft and the corresponding tooling.

[0031] Figure 8 This is the assembly structure diagram of the slender angled shaft and the corresponding tooling.

[0032] The following is a description of the markings in the accompanying drawings of the specification:

[0033] 1. Parts; 2. Rotating worktable; 3. Rotation center; 4. Mandrel; 5. Locking nut; 6. Process plug; 7. Cover; 8. Straight shaft positioning hole; 9. Oblique shaft positioning hole; 10. Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] In the following embodiments, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms: center, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, thickness, up, down, front, back, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms: first, second, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features shown. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms: install, connect, connect, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this practicality according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention proposes a tooling for angled shaft parts, which is used to clamp and fix angled shaft parts 1, wherein the part 1 includes a straight shaft section and an oblique shaft section, and the tooling includes a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion respectively located at the two end faces of the angled shaft. The part 1 realizes the positioning of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section through a straight shaft positioning hole 8 and an oblique shaft positioning hole 9 respectively, wherein the straight shaft positioning hole 8 is located on the central axis of the straight shaft section, and the oblique shaft positioning hole 9 is located on the central axis of the oblique shaft section. The oblique shaft positioning hole 9 is located on the outward end faces of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion. The function of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion is to increase the distance from the intersection of the axes of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section to the end faces where the straight shaft positioning hole 8 and the oblique shaft positioning hole 9 are located, so that the spacing between the straight shaft positioning hole 8 and the oblique shaft positioning hole 9 is increased, so as to improve the positioning accuracy and avoid the problem of the straight shaft positioning hole 8 and the oblique shaft positioning hole 9 overlapping and interfering with each other or drifting away from the end faces. This design makes the tooling applicable to most short and small angled shaft parts 1, especially those with axis angles that are too large or too small and axis intersections that are close to the end faces. It is easy to ensure the consistency of product processing and can achieve mass production.

[0038] In order to ensure the processing precision and the service life of the tooling, the surface of the tooling in contact with the part 1 is nickel-plated or tin-plated. This design can utilize the low hardness and high ductility of such metals to achieve the purpose of static fit between the workpiece and the tooling and multiple reuse.

[0039] refer to Figure 6 As an embodiment of the present invention, the tooling includes a mandrel 4 and a locking nut 5, the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are located on both sides of the axial direction of the mandrel 4, the straight shaft positioning hole 8 is located on the outward end surfaces of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion, the mandrel 4 passes through the part 1 and fixes the part 1 through the locking nut 5. This tooling structure is suitable for short and thick deflection shafts.

[0040] refer to Figure 7 As another embodiment of the present invention, the tooling includes a process plug 6 and a cover 7, and the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are respectively located on the process plug 6 and the cover 7. The two sides of the part 1 are respectively a large end and a small end, and the large end is provided with an assembly hole, the process plug 6 is assembled on the large end, and the cover 7 is assembled with the small end. The straight shaft positioning hole 8 is located on the end faces of both sides of the part 1, and the cover 7 and the process plug 6 are provided with a through hole 10 coaxial with the straight shaft positioning hole 8. This kind of tooling structure is suitable for pagoda-type deflection shafts.

[0041] refer to Figure 8As another embodiment of the present invention, the tooling includes two covers 7, and the first positioning part and the second positioning part are respectively located on the two covers 7. The two sides of the part 1 are small ends, and the two covers 7 are respectively assembled on the small ends of the two sides. The straight shaft positioning hole 8 is located on the two side end surfaces of the part 1, and the cover 7 is provided with a through hole 10 coaxial with the straight shaft positioning hole 8. This tooling structure is suitable for slender deflection shafts.

[0042] Based on the above tooling, the present invention also proposes a processing method that is conducive to realizing batch production of deflection shaft parts 1, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S10: According to the specific design of the deflection shaft, one of the following schemes is adopted: if part 1 is a short and thick deflection shaft, the tooling structure described in claim 2 is adopted; if part 1 is a pagoda-shaped deflection shaft, the tooling structure described in claim 3 is adopted; if part 1 is a slender deflection shaft, the tooling structure described in claim 4 is adopted.

[0044] S11: Install part 1 on the fixture of the machining center, and then process the shaft diameter and step of the part wrapped by the tooling on part 1. At the same time, if part 1 is a short and thick angled shaft, part 1 is processed into a hollow structure; if part 1 is a pagoda-shaped angled shaft, an assembly hole is processed on the end face of the large end of part 1.

[0045] S20: machining a straight shaft positioning hole 8 and an oblique shaft positioning hole 9 on the tooling according to the central axes of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section.

[0046] S30: Assemble part 1 on the tooling, install the tooling on the fixture of the machining center with the straight shaft positioning hole 8 as the positioning reference, and then process the shaft diameter and step of the straight shaft section of part 1.

[0047] S40: The tooling is installed on the fixture of the machining center with the inclined shaft positioning hole 9 as the positioning reference, and then the shaft diameter and step of the inclined shaft section of the part 1 are processed.

[0048] At present, the small batch trial production of the angled shaft can only be processed by a five-axis lathe and milling machine tool, and the shaft diameter cannot be precisely ground. However, the processing method described in this application can realize the mass production of angled shaft parts 1 on a common machining center, and it is easy to ensure the consistency of product processing.

[0049] The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. Any replacement, deformation, and improvement of the technology that can be easily thought of by technicians in this field shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling for angular shaft parts, used for clamping and fixing angular shaft parts (1), the part (1) comprising a straight shaft section and an oblique shaft section, characterized in that: The tooling comprises a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion respectively located at the two end surfaces of the angled shaft member; the part (1) realizes positioning of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section respectively through a straight shaft positioning hole (8) and an oblique shaft positioning hole (9); the straight shaft positioning hole (8) is located on the central axis of the straight shaft section, and the oblique shaft positioning hole (9) is located on the central axis of the oblique shaft section; the oblique shaft positioning hole (9) is located on the outward end surfaces of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion.

2. The tooling for angular shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling comprises a core shaft (4) and a locking nut (5); the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are located on both axial sides of the core shaft (4); the straight shaft positioning hole (8) is located on the outward end surfaces of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion; the core shaft (4) passes through the part (1) and fixes the part (1) via the locking nut (5).

3. The tooling for angular shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling comprises a process plug (6) and a cover (7), wherein the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are respectively located on the process plug (6) and the cover (7); the two sides of the part (1) are respectively a large end and a small end, wherein the large end is provided with an assembly hole, the process plug (6) is assembled on the large end, and the cover (7) is assembled with the small end; the straight shaft positioning hole (8) is located on the end faces of both sides of the part (1), and the cover (7) and the process plug (6) are provided with a through hole (10) coaxial with the straight shaft positioning hole (8).

4. The tooling for angular shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling comprises two covers (7), the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are respectively located on the two covers (7); the two sides of the part (1) are small ends, and the two covers (7) are respectively assembled on the small ends on the two sides; the straight shaft positioning hole (8) is located on the end surfaces of the two sides of the part (1), and the cover (7) is provided with a through hole (10) coaxial with the straight shaft positioning hole (8).

5. The tooling for angular shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the tooling in contact with the part (1) is nickel-plated or tin-plated.

6. A method for processing an angled shaft part, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10: According to the specific design of the deflection axis, adopt one of the following solutions: a. If the part (1) is a short and thick deflection shaft, the tooling structure described in claim 2 is adopted; b. If the part (1) is a pagoda-shaped deflection shaft, the tooling structure according to claim 3 is adopted; c. If the part (1) is a slender angled shaft, the tooling structure according to claim 4 is adopted; S20: machining a straight shaft positioning hole (8) and an oblique shaft positioning hole (9) on the tooling according to the central axes of the straight shaft section and the oblique shaft section; S30: Assemble the part (1) on the tooling, install the tooling on the fixture of the machining center with the straight shaft positioning hole (8) as the positioning reference, and then process the shaft diameter and step of the straight shaft section of the part (1); S40: The tooling is mounted on a fixture of a machining center using the inclined shaft positioning hole (9) as a positioning reference, and then the shaft diameter and step of the inclined shaft section of the part (1) are machined.

7. A method for processing an angled shaft part according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S10 also includes the following steps: S11: Mount the part (1) on a fixture of a machining center, and then machine the shaft diameter and step of the part (1) wrapped by the fixture; at the same time, if the part (1) is a short and thick angled shaft, machine the part (1) into a hollow structure; if the part (1) is a pagoda-shaped angled shaft, machine an assembly hole on the end face of the large end of the part (1).

Images