Crankshaft gear ring press fitting tool

Abstract

A crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool belongs to the technical field of crankshaft machining and comprises a tool table with a mounting window, a crankshaft carrying table is rotatably mounted in the mounting window of the tool table, a lifting plate with a lifting notch and an end supporting plate are arranged in the crankshaft carrying table, a lifting positioning mechanism is mounted in the crankshaft carrying table, and the end supporting plate is provided with a lifting notch. A pushing and positioning mechanism and a clamping and positioning mechanism are fixedly installed on the table top of the tool table, semicircular plates are fixedly installed on the front surface and the rear surface of the crankshaft carrying table, a half gear ring is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the semicircular plate on the rear side, a stepping motor is fixedly installed below the table top of the tool table, and the outer surface of an output shaft of the stepping motor is sleeved with a driving gear. According to the press-fitting mechanism, assembly errors caused by positioning deviation can be reduced, repeated unnecessary friction between the gear rings and the crankshaft can be avoided, the abrasion risk can be reduced, the transmission precision of the crankshaft can be guaranteed, meanwhile, press-fitting force can be evenly distributed, assembly defects can be avoided, and the reliability and stability of products can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft processing, and in particular to a crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool. Background Art

[0002] The ring gear, also known as the gear, is often pressed onto the crankshaft using the method of thermal expansion and contraction. The specific operation is to first heat the ring gear, and after heating, the inner diameter of the ring gear will expand and become larger until it exceeds the diameter of the crankshaft installation part. At this time, the ring gear is pressed into the crankshaft using a press. After the ring gear cools down, its inner diameter shrinks, forming an interference fit with the crankshaft, so that it can be firmly installed on the crankshaft.

[0003] After searching, there are two authorized patents in the relevant field, namely the patent "A Crankshaft Gear Ring Pressing Machine and Pressing Method" with publication number CN115255888B, and the patent "An Engine Crankshaft Gear Ring Pressing Tool" with publication number CN220217431U. The gear ring installation methods adopted in these two patents are to complete the gear ring installation operation under the working condition that the crankshaft is in a vertical state.

[0004] There are many disadvantages to the direct vertical placement and press-fitting method. Due to the limited vertical operating space, the gear ring is easily affected by gravity and falls quickly during installation, making it difficult to position the gear ring accurately and align the center axis of the gear ring with the crankshaft installation position, thus affecting the assembly accuracy.

[0005] At the same time, when it is directly placed vertically for press-fitting, the gear ring is quickly put on the crankshaft under the action of gravity, which will generate a large impact force, which is very likely to cause wear and deformation of the gear ring tooth surface, and even damage the crankshaft surface. Especially for high-precision mechanical crankshaft gear rings, a slight impact may affect the transmission accuracy of the entire mechanical device.

[0006] In addition, since the initial contact state between the gear ring and the press-fitting equipment is difficult to accurately grasp, direct vertical press-fitting may also result in uneven press-fitting force, and it is impossible to ensure that the press-fitting force acts evenly on the entire circumference of the gear ring, seriously affecting the assembly quality.

[0007] Based on this, there is an urgent need to design a crankshaft gear ring pressing tool, which can first place the gear ring horizontally, utilize a larger operating space to facilitate positioning and initial installation, and then use a rotating structure to smoothly transform it into a vertical state, reduce the risk of impact and damage, and better control the pressing process, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A crankshaft gear ring pressing tool comprises a tooling table with an installation window, a crankshaft carrier is rotatably installed in the installation window of the tooling table, a lifting plate and an end support plate with lifting grooves are provided in the crankshaft carrier, and a lifting positioning mechanism is installed in the crankshaft carrier, the lifting positioning mechanism is located on the left side of the lifting plate, and a pushing positioning mechanism and a clamping positioning mechanism are fixedly installed on the table top of the tooling table, the pushing positioning mechanism is located on the left side of the crankshaft carrier, and the pushing positioning mechanism is used to laterally position the crankshaft in the lifting plate. When the crankshaft is placed vertically, the clamping positioning mechanism cooperates with the lifting positioning mechanism to clamp and fix the gear ring on the crankshaft, semicircular plates are fixedly installed on the front and rear surfaces of the crankshaft carrier, and a half gear ring is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the semicircular plate on the rear side, and a stepper motor is fixedly installed under the table top of the tooling table, and the outer surface of the output shaft of the stepper motor is sleeved with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshingly connected with the half gear ring.

[0010] Preferably, a slide groove is opened through the crankshaft carrier, and the lifting and positioning mechanism includes a slider, which is slidably installed in the slide groove, and a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slider, a U-shaped support plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixing plate, and a telescopic cylinder A is fixedly installed on the right surface of the slider, and the telescopic cylinder A is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the crankshaft carrier.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing and positioning mechanism comprises a telescopic cylinder B, which is fixedly mounted on the table top of the workbench, and a push block is fixedly mounted on the right end of the telescopic cylinder B.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping and positioning mechanism includes a J-shaped frame and a telescopic cylinder C, the bottom end of the J-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the table top of the workbench, and two pressure blocks are fixedly installed on the top of the J-shaped frame, a cross bar is fixedly installed inside the J-shaped frame, one end of the telescopic cylinder C is rotatably connected to the table top of the workbench, and the other end of the telescopic cylinder C is rotatably connected to the cross bar.

[0013] Preferably, two synchronous telescopic cylinders are fixedly installed in the workbench, and L-shaped support blocks are fixedly installed on the top of the two synchronous telescopic cylinders. The two L-shaped support blocks are arranged opposite to each other, and the two synchronous telescopic cylinders are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the crankshaft carrier, and the synchronous telescopic cylinders are located below the installation window of the workbench.

[0014] Preferably, two bearing seats are fixedly installed on the table top of the workbench, inner rotor bearings are fixedly installed in the bearing seats, rotating shaft rods are fixedly installed in the inner rotor bearings, and one end of the rotating shaft rod close to the crankshaft carrier is fixedly connected to the crankshaft carrier.

[0015] Preferably, three adapters are fixedly installed on the table top of the workbench, the adapter on the left is rotatably connected to the telescopic cylinder C through a pin, and the two adapters on the right are rotatably connected to the bottom end of the J-shaped frame through pins.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: When the crankshaft gear ring is press-fitted, the present invention can first position the crankshaft horizontally in the crankshaft carrier, and use the cooperation of the pushing positioning mechanism and the lifting positioning mechanism to preliminarily position the position of the gear ring. Thereafter, with the help of the stepping motor, the driving gear and the half gear ring, the crankshaft carrier and the crankshaft are turned over 90 degrees to place them vertically. Finally, the clamping positioning mechanism and the lifting positioning mechanism are used to clamp and fix the position of the gear ring, thereby ensuring the assembly accuracy of the gear ring and the crankshaft installation position in all directions, effectively reducing the assembly error caused by positioning deviation, and at the same time, avoiding multiple unnecessary frictions between the gear ring and the crankshaft during the assembly process, greatly reducing the risk of wear, thereby ensuring the transmission accuracy of the crankshaft after assembly, ensuring that the crankshaft can stably and efficiently transmit power in subsequent operation, and reducing the transmission efficiency loss and fault hazards caused by wear. In addition, in the vertical assembly state, the lifting positioning mechanism provides a stable lifting force to the longitudinally placed crankshaft gear ring, and at the same time the clamping positioning mechanism uniformly clamps and presses the gear ring. This synergistic effect enables the press-fitting force to be evenly distributed on the assembly interface of the ring gear and the crankshaft, effectively avoiding assembly defects caused by uneven press-fitting force, further ensuring assembly quality, and improving product reliability and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crankshaft of the present invention when it is placed horizontally for use.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the local structure at point a.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crankshaft carrier of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving motor of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped support plate structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crankshaft of the present invention when it is placed longitudinally for use.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the local structure at point b.

[0024] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting carrier plate of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. workbench; 11. bearing seat; 111. inner rotor bearing; 2. crankshaft carrier; 21. lifting plate; 22. end support plate; 23. slideway; 3. lifting positioning mechanism; 31. slider; 32. fixed plate; 33. U-shaped support plate; 34. telescopic cylinder A; 4. pushing positioning mechanism; 41. telescopic cylinder B; 42. push block; 5. clamping positioning mechanism; 51. J-frame; 511. cross bar; 52. telescopic cylinder C; 53. pressure block; 6. synchronous telescopic cylinder; 61. L-shaped support block; 7. semicircular plate; 8. stepping motor; 81. driving gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A crankshaft gear ring press tool, comprising a tooling table 1 with an installation window, a crankshaft carrier 2 is rotatably installed in the installation window of the tooling table 1, a lifting plate 21 with a lifting notch and an end support plate 22 are arranged in the crankshaft carrier 2, and a lifting positioning mechanism 3 is installed in the crankshaft carrier 2, and the lifting positioning mechanism 3 is located on the left side of the lifting plate 21, and a pushing positioning mechanism 4 and a clamping positioning mechanism 5 are fixedly installed on the table of the tooling table 1, and the pushing positioning mechanism 4 is located on the left side of the crankshaft carrier 2. The pushing positioning mechanism 4 is used to position the crankshaft horizontally in the lifting plate 21. When the crankshaft is placed vertically, the clamping positioning mechanism 5 cooperates with the lifting positioning mechanism 3 to move the crankshaft horizontally in the lifting plate 21. The mechanism 3 uses a gear ring on the crankshaft to clamp and fix it. Semicircular plates 7 are fixedly installed on the front and rear surfaces of the crankshaft carrier 2. A half gear ring is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the rear semicircular plate 7 (the half gear ring does not appear in the figure due to the perspective of the drawing). A stepper motor 8 is fixedly installed under the table of the workbench 1. A driving gear 81 is sleeved on the outer surface of the output shaft of the stepper motor 8. The driving gear 81 is meshingly connected with the half gear ring. The stepper motor 8 is a forward and reverse motor. It can drive the semicircular plate 7 and the crankshaft carrier 2 to rotate as a whole through the linkage of the driving gear 81 and the half gear ring, thereby completing the change of the crankshaft from a horizontal placement state to a longitudinal placement state.

[0028] An automatic locking structure body is arranged between the end support plate 22 and the crankshaft carrier 2. The automatic locking structure body is a mechanical snap-on automatic locking mechanism, an electromagnetic adsorption automatic locking mechanism or a hydraulic clamping automatic locking mechanism in the prior art (these automatic locking mechanisms are common knowledge in the field of tooling and will not be explained in detail here). When the crankshaft is placed on the lifting plate 21 and the end support plate 22 and positioned by the pushing and positioning mechanism 4, the automatic locking mechanism can be used to clamp and fix it. After that, the stability of the crankshaft can be guaranteed when it is flipped and the placement state is changed.

[0029] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pushing and positioning mechanism 4 includes a telescopic cylinder B41, which is fixedly mounted on the table of the workbench 1, and a push block 42 is fixedly mounted on the right end of the telescopic cylinder B41. The push block 42 is made of rubber material, which can reduce the damage to the crankshaft during the pushing process. When the crankshaft loaded with the gear ring is placed horizontally in the crankshaft carrier 2 and lifted by the lifting plate 21 and the end support plate 22, the telescopic cylinder B41 starts to work. It pushes the crankshaft to the right through the extension action with the help of the push block 42 until the outer surface of the crankshaft's balance block is tightly fitted with the left surface of the lifting plate 21, thereby completing the positioning operation of the crankshaft during the initial placement, laying a precise foundation for the subsequent assembly process.

[0030] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 5 As shown, a slide groove 23 is provided through the crankshaft carrier 2, and the lifting and positioning mechanism 3 includes a slider 31, which is slidably installed in the slide groove 23, and a fixing plate 32 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slider 31, and a U-shaped supporting plate 33 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixing plate 32, and a telescopic cylinder A34 is fixedly installed on the right surface of the slider 31, and the telescopic cylinder A34 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the crankshaft carrier 2; When the crankshaft is placed horizontally and the initial positioning is completed, the telescopic cylinder A34 is immediately started. Through the extension action, the cylinder steadily pushes the installed ring gear to the designated installation position on the left. This measure is crucial, which can effectively avoid the ring gear from sliding down when the crankshaft is flipped to the longitudinal position, thereby adversely affecting the assembly accuracy, ensuring that the ring gear is installed accurately, providing a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of the subsequent assembly process and the final assembly quality.

[0031] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the clamping and positioning mechanism 5 includes a J-shaped frame 51 and a telescopic cylinder C52, the bottom end of the J-shaped frame 51 is rotatably connected to the table surface of the tooling table 1, and two pressing blocks 53 are fixedly installed on the top of the J-shaped frame 51, a cross bar 511 is fixedly installed inside the J-shaped frame 51, one end of the telescopic cylinder C52 is rotatably connected to the table surface of the tooling table 1, and the other end of the telescopic cylinder C52 is rotatably connected to the cross bar 511; When the crankshaft carrier 2 is turned 90 degrees under the drive of the stepper motor 8 and placed in a vertical position, the telescopic cylinder C52 starts to work, and its extension action drives the top of the J-frame 51 and the pressure block 53 to turn toward the crankshaft gear ring. When it is turned to a specific position, the two pressure blocks 53 are pressed against the upper surface of the gear ring from different directions. At this time, the pressure block 53 cooperates with the lifting and positioning mechanism 3 to firmly lock the position of the gear ring, thus completing the press-fitting and fixing operation of the gear ring.

[0032] In order to reduce the labor intensity when placing the crankshaft on the crankshaft carrier 2, Figure 1 As shown, two synchronous telescopic cylinders 6 are fixedly installed in the workbench 1, and L-shaped supporting blocks 61 are fixedly installed on the top of the two synchronous telescopic cylinders 6. The two L-shaped supporting blocks 61 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two synchronous telescopic cylinders 6 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the crankshaft carrier 2, and the synchronous telescopic cylinders 6 are located below the installation window of the workbench 1. During operation, the crankshaft is first lifted and transported between the two L-shaped supporting blocks 61 with the help of an external lifting device, and then the two synchronous telescopic cylinders 6 are controlled to contract, so as to drive the crankshaft to slowly move down into the crankshaft carrier 2, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the crankshaft placement work.

[0033] Specifically, two bearing seats 11 are fixedly installed on the table top of the workbench 1, and inner rotor bearings 111 are fixedly installed in the bearing seats 11. A rotating shaft rod is fixedly installed in the inner rotor bearings 111. One end of the rotating shaft rod close to the crankshaft carrier 2 is fixedly connected to the crankshaft carrier 2. The crankshaft carrier 2 is rotatably installed in the installation window of the workbench 1 through the cooperation of the rotating shaft rod and the inner rotor bearing 111.

[0034] Specifically, three adapters are fixedly installed on the table top of the workbench 1. The left adapter is rotatably connected to the telescopic cylinder C52 through a pin shaft, so as to realize the rotatable connection between the telescopic cylinder C52 and the table top of the workbench 1. The two adapters on the right are rotatably connected to the bottom ends of the J-shaped frame 51 through pin shafts. Similarly, the bottom ends of the J-shaped frame 51 are rotatably connected to the table top of the workbench 1 through the two adapters on the right.

[0035] Working principle: When in use, first use the external lifting device to lift the crankshaft between the two L-shaped supporting blocks 61, then control the two synchronous telescopic cylinders 6 to shrink, drive the crankshaft to slowly move down to the crankshaft carrier 2, and place the crankshaft between the lifting plate 21 and the end supporting plate 22, then use the push positioning mechanism 4 to push the crankshaft to the right, and make the outer surface of the crankshaft's balance block fit tightly with the left surface of the lifting plate 21, so as to complete the positioning operation of the crankshaft during the initial placement. After positioning, use the automatic locking mechanism to clamp and fix it, and then, the telescopic cylinder 4 is used to push the crankshaft to the right. Cylinder A34 starts and stretches to push the installed ring gear steadily to the designated installation position on the left, and prevents the ring gear from sliding down during the crankshaft flipping process. After that, the stepper motor 8 drives the entire crankshaft carrier 2 to flip 90 degrees through the cooperation of the driving gear 81 and the half ring gear, so that the crankshaft is placed vertically. Finally, the telescopic cylinder C52 starts and stretches to drive the top of the J-frame 51 and the pressure block 53 to flip toward the crankshaft ring gear. When it is flipped to a specific position, the two pressure blocks 53 are pressed against the upper surface of the ring gear from different directions in succession. At this time, the pressing block 53 cooperates with the lifting and positioning mechanism 3 to firmly lock the position of the ring gear, thereby completing the press-fitting and fixing operation of the ring gear. After the ring gear is cooled, the operation is reversed to remove the crankshaft from the crankshaft carrier 2 and move it to another processing step. Compared with the prior art, the tooling and assembly process of the present invention can reduce the assembly error caused by positioning deviation by ensuring the assembly accuracy of the ring gear and the crankshaft in all directions; avoid multiple unnecessary frictions between the ring gear and the crankshaft, reduce the risk of wear, ensure the transmission accuracy of the crankshaft, and reduce transmission efficiency loss and hidden dangers of failure; at the same time, during vertical assembly, the lifting and positioning mechanism 3 and the clamping and positioning mechanism 5 work together to evenly distribute the pressing force, avoid assembly defects, and improve product reliability and stability.

Claims

1. A crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool, comprising a tooling table (1) with a mounting window, characterized in that: A crankshaft carrier (2) is rotatably mounted in the mounting window of the tooling platform (1), a lifting plate (21) with lifting notches and an end support plate (22) are provided in the crankshaft carrier (2), and a lifting positioning mechanism (3) is installed in the crankshaft carrier (2), the lifting positioning mechanism (3) is located on the left side of the lifting plate (21), and a pushing positioning mechanism (4) and a clamping positioning mechanism (5) are fixedly mounted on the table surface of the tooling platform (1), the pushing positioning mechanism (4) is located on the left side of the crankshaft carrier (2), and the pushing positioning mechanism (4) is used to The crankshaft is positioned transversely in the lifting plate (21). When the crankshaft is placed vertically, the clamping and positioning mechanism (5) cooperates with the lifting and positioning mechanism (3) to clamp and fix the gear ring on the crankshaft. Semicircular plates (7) are fixedly installed on the front and rear surfaces of the crankshaft carrier (2). A half gear ring is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the semicircular plate (7) on the rear side. A stepper motor (8) is fixedly installed under the table surface of the tooling table (1). A driving gear (81) is sleeved on the outer surface of the output shaft of the stepper motor (8). The driving gear (81) is meshingly connected with the half gear ring.

2. The crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove (23) is provided through the crankshaft carrier (2); The lifting and positioning mechanism (3) comprises a slider (31), the slider (31) is slidably mounted in a slide groove (23), and a fixing plate (32) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the slider (31), a U-shaped supporting plate (33) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the fixing plate (32), and a telescopic cylinder A (34) is fixedly mounted on the right surface of the slider (31), and the telescopic cylinder A (34) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the crankshaft carrier (2).

3. The crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing and positioning mechanism (4) comprises a telescopic cylinder B (41), the telescopic cylinder B (41) being fixedly mounted on the table surface of the workbench (1), and a push block (42) being fixedly mounted on the right end of the telescopic cylinder B (41).

4. The crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and positioning mechanism (5) comprises a J-shaped frame (51) and a telescopic cylinder C (52); the bottom end of the J-shaped frame (51) is rotatably connected to the tabletop of the workbench (1); two pressing blocks (53) are fixedly mounted on the top of the J-shaped frame (51); a cross bar (511) is fixedly mounted inside the J-shaped frame (51); one end of the telescopic cylinder C (52) is rotatably connected to the tabletop of the workbench (1); and the other end of the telescopic cylinder C (52) is rotatably connected to the cross bar (511).

5. The crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two synchronous telescopic cylinders (6) are fixedly installed in the tooling platform (1), and L-shaped support blocks (61) are fixedly installed on the top ends of the two synchronous telescopic cylinders (6). The two L-shaped support blocks (61) are arranged opposite to each other. The two synchronous telescopic cylinders (6) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the crankshaft carrier (2), and the synchronous telescopic cylinders (6) are located below the installation window of the tooling platform (1).

6. The crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bearing seats (11) are fixedly mounted on the table top of the workbench (1), inner rotor bearings (111) are fixedly mounted in the bearing seats (11), and rotating shaft rods are fixedly mounted in the inner rotor bearings (111), and one end of the rotating shaft rod close to the crankshaft carrier (2) is fixedly connected to the crankshaft carrier (2).

7. The crankshaft gear ring press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three adapters are fixedly mounted on the tabletop of the tooling table (1); the adapter on the left is rotatably connected to the telescopic cylinder C via a pin shaft, and the two adapters on the right are rotatably connected to the bottom ends of the J-shaped frames (51) via pin shafts.

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