Spiral cold press with low temperature pressing operation throughout the press chamber and press chamber cooling method

Abstract

The application provides a spiral cold press machine for low-temperature pressing operation in the whole process in a press cage, and the press cage of the cold press machine comprises a plurality of cage mounting plates arranged at intervals in the axial direction, the two opposite side edges of the cage mounting plate are fixedly connected through first connecting plates and second connecting plates respectively, the inner hole wall of the cage mounting plate is provided with a heat exchange channel in the circumferential direction, a plurality of press bars are arranged in the circumferential direction close to the side wall of the heat exchange channel, and the plurality of press bars form a press bore; the heat exchange channel is communicated with an external circulation pipeline through a corresponding flow channel; the spiral shaft of the cold press machine comprises a conical frustum-shaped rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is externally provided with spiral press teeth, the spiral press teeth are integrally machined and formed with the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is internally provided with a cooling water cavity, and the part between the bottom surface of the spiral press tooth and the cooling water cavity is the conical frustum-shaped rotating shaft. Through the design of the press cage water cooling structure and the spiral shaft water cooling structure, the press cage and the spiral shaft are simultaneously water-cooled and cooled during work, and the high-pressure low-temperature pressing in the true sense is realized, and the oil quality and the oil extraction efficiency are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spiral oil press, in particular to a spiral cold press with low-temperature pressing operation in the whole process of the press chamber and a press chamber cooling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The low-temperature cold pressing process of oil is a new pressing process developed in the late 20th century and the early 21st century. Unlike the traditional high-temperature hot pressing process of the spiral oil press, the low-temperature cold press has a pressing temperature of the press chamber lower than 65℃ in the whole pressing process from the feeding into the press to the separation of the pressed cake from the press chamber. Therefore, the low-temperature cold pressing process has the characteristics of retaining various nutritional elements, good quality of cold-pressed oil, small protein denaturation of cold-pressed cake, high comprehensive utilization and development value, and green environmental protection without pollution. Therefore, the research and development of the low-temperature cold press has attracted widespread attention and participation of domestic and foreign technology workers. The double-spiral oil press developed in China is born in the research and development of the low-temperature cold press. Unfortunately, the press does not have any cooling design, and the pressing temperature of the press chamber is still as high as 90℃, which is far from the process design requirement of the low-temperature cold press. The Kp series low-temperature cold press developed and manufactured by the German Kemmsye-Sky Company has a pressing temperature of the press chamber meeting the requirement of the low-temperature cold pressing process, but the dry cake residual oil rate of the cold-pressed cake is as high as 10% to 14%, which is much higher than the dry cake residual oil rate of 6% to 7% of the traditional high-temperature hot pressing process. The oil loss is too large, and the oil extraction efficiency is low. If secondary pressing is adopted, the processing cost is increased, and the protein denaturation degree of the pressed cake is also increased, which reduces the development and utilization value of the protein of the pressed cake.

[0003] The reason why the Kp series low-temperature cold press is not satisfactory is that, in addition to the single cooling measure of the press chamber and the poor cooling effect, the hollow shaft water cooling design is only adopted for the transmission main shaft of the traditional spiral oil press, and the total wall thickness of the cooling of the spiral parts (such as the press screw, the gasket and the light sleeve) on the transmission main shaft is too large. The wall thickness of the hollow transmission main shaft + the wall thickness of the combined pressing parts of the press screw is at least 50mm to 60mm. The larger the model is, the larger the wall thickness to be cooled is, and the worse the cooling effect is. Therefore, the Kp series low-temperature cold press reduces and controls the pressure of the press chamber. The pressure of the press chamber is proportional to the temperature of the press chamber, and is inversely proportional to the dry cake residual oil rate of the cold-pressed cake. The design of the low pressure and low temperature of the press chamber leads to the high dry cake residual oil rate and large oil loss of the cold-pressed cake.

[0004] The spiral oil press mainly utilizes the rotating action of the spiral shaft to gradually reduce the volume of oil materials in the pressing chamber and generate great pressure by various resistances to perform oil pressing. Therefore, the frictional resistance between the spiral shaft and the pressed oil materials and between the pressed oil materials and the pressing chamber will inevitably generate a large amount of heat, which is an important factor affecting the technical research and development of the low-temperature cold pressing machine without a major breakthrough since 2002 in China. Therefore, how to improve the current working condition of "low pressure and low temperature" to the working condition of "high pressure and low temperature" and the research and development of the cooling design of the pressing cage and the spiral shaft become the key to the problem. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a spiral cold pressing machine with full-range low-temperature pressing operation in the pressing chamber and a pressing chamber cooling method, which solves the problems of poor cooling effect of the cold pressing machine in the prior art by adopting hollow shaft water injection cooling design for the transmission main shaft of the traditional spiral oil press.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0007] The present application provides a spiral cold pressing machine with full-range low-temperature pressing operation in the pressing chamber, which comprises a rack, a controller, a driving component and a pressing cage installed on the rack, a feeding hopper installed at the feeding end of the pressing cage, and a single spiral shaft or a multi-spiral shaft installed in the pressing cage.

[0008] The pressing cage comprises a plurality of cage mounting plates arranged at intervals along the axial direction, and the opposite two side edges of each cage mounting plate are fixedly connected by a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, respectively. A heat exchange channel is arranged on the inner wall of the inner hole of the cage mounting plate in the circumferential direction. A plurality of pressing strips are arranged in close proximity to the side wall of the heat exchange channel in the circumferential direction. The pressing strips are enclosed to form a pressing chamber. The heat exchange channel is in communication with the external circulation pipeline through the corresponding flow channel.

[0009] The spiral shaft comprises a conical frustum-shaped rotating shaft, a spiral pressing tooth arranged outside the rotating shaft, and a cooling water cavity arranged inside the rotating shaft. The spiral pressing tooth is integrally formed with the rotating shaft. The part between the bottom surface of the spiral pressing tooth and the cooling water cavity is a conical frustum-shaped rotating shaft. The cooling water cavity is in communication with the external first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the heat exchange channel comprises a cooling water tank, a heat exchange pipe is embedded in the cooling water tank, and a plurality of pressing strips are arranged in close proximity to the side wall of the heat exchange pipe in the circumferential direction. The heat exchange pipe is in communication with the external circulation pipeline through the corresponding flow channel.

[0011] Preferably, the heat exchange channel comprises a cooling water tank, a sealing sleeve is welded to the opening side of the cooling water tank, a plurality of pressing strips are arranged in close proximity to the side wall of the sealing sleeve in the circumferential direction, and the cooling water tank is in communication with the external circulation pipeline through the corresponding flow channel.

[0012] Preferably, the external circulation pipeline comprises a shunt pipe and a water collecting pipe, which are respectively installed on the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate; the shunt pipe is communicated with the heat exchange channels of each cage plate through corresponding first flow channels, and the water collecting pipe is communicated with the heat exchange channels of each cage plate through corresponding second flow channels; the shunt pipe and the water collecting pipe are communicated with the second water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe respectively; low-temperature cooling medium is introduced into the shunt pipe through the second water inlet pipe, and the cooling medium is introduced into the heat exchange channels through the first flow channels of each cage plate after being shunted by the shunt pipe, and then exchanges heat with the press strips in the press cavity, and then is collected into the water collecting pipe through the second flow channels of each cage plate, and finally is discharged from the second water outlet pipe; by connecting the circulation pipelines of the heat exchange channels of multiple cage plates in parallel, the pipeline layout cost can be saved, the pipeline layout space can be reduced, and the on-site installation and use are facilitated.

[0013] Optionally, the external circulation pipeline comprises a plurality of groups of independent second water inlet pipes and second water outlet pipes, each group of the second water inlet pipes and the second water outlet pipes being communicated with the heat exchange channels of the corresponding cage plate through the first flow channels and the second flow channels; by independently setting the circulation pipelines of the heat exchange channels of each cage plate, the medium temperature, flow rate and other parameters of each circulation pipeline can be independently adjusted to accurately control the temperature of different parts in the press cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the cage plate is formed by two half-ring plates connected together, and the two half-ring plates are detachably connected by a connecting piece; such a detachable cage plate structure is more suitable for installation of large and medium-sized machines.

[0015] Specifically, the inner hole of each half-ring plate is fixedly provided with a pressing plate at both ends, and a plurality of press strips are arranged adjacent to the two pressing plates; the plurality of press strips can be tightly pressed into the inner wall of the corresponding sealing sleeve of the inner hole of the half-ring plate through the pressing plates at both ends.

[0016] Further, the heat exchange channels and the sealing sleeves are both two-segment split structures, and the openings at both ends of the heat exchange channels are provided with sealing plugs; the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate, the shunt pipe, the water collecting pipe, the first flow channels and the second flow channels are all provided with two groups of corresponding structures for circulating water in the internal heat exchange channels of the two half-ring plates; since the inner hole of the half-ring plate is provided with a pressing plate at both ends, the original integral annular heat exchange channel and the sealing sleeve are divided into two independent structures by the pressing plate, and therefore, two groups of independent circulation pipelines are provided to introduce cooling medium into the heat exchange channels in the two half-ring plates, so as to realize the circulation cooling of the split cage plate.

[0017] Specifically, the connecting piece includes bolts, pins and ear plates, the side surfaces of the two first connecting plates and the two second connecting plates are provided with through holes for mounting the bolts, the two ends of the bottom surfaces of the two second connecting plates are respectively provided with the ear plates, the pins pass through the shaft holes of the four ear plates in sequence, the two second connecting plates at the bottom ends of the two half-ring plates are hingedly connected through the ear plates and the pins, the two first connecting plates at the upper portions of the two half-ring plates are locked through the bolts, the two second connecting plates at the lower portions of the two half-ring plates are locked through the bolts, and the locking and fixing of the two half-ring plates are realized.

[0018] Further, the water collecting pipe is provided with an opening at the position of the ear plate, the opening is sealingly welded with the ear plate, and the influence of the ear plate on the layout path of the water collecting pipe can be avoided without affecting the sealing of the water collecting pipe.

[0019] Further, the bolts are mounted at the positions between the adjacent two cage plates on the first connecting plates and the positions between the adjacent two cage plates on the second connecting plates, the penetration path of the bolts is staggered with the first flow channel in the first connecting plate and the second flow channel in the second connecting plate, and the influence of the mounting of the bolts on the first flow channel and the second flow channel can be avoided.

[0020] Specifically, the rotating shaft includes a power input shaft, a rotating shaft body and a rotating support shaft which are connected in sequence along the axial direction, the cooling water cavity is arranged in the interior of the rotating shaft body, and the spiral press gear is integrally machined and formed with the rotating shaft body; the rotating support shaft is a hollow shaft, the shaft hole of the rotating support shaft is communicated with the cooling water cavity, and the first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe are mounted at the end portion of the rotating support shaft. The cooling medium is introduced into the cooling water cavity through the shaft hole of the rotating support shaft by arranging the cooling water cavity in the interior of the rotating shaft body, and the rapid cooling of the rotating shaft is realized.

[0021] Further, the bearing assembly is mounted on the exterior of the rotating support shaft, the shell is sealingly mounted on the outer side end surface of the bearing assembly, one end of the first water inlet pipe is located outside the shell, the other end is located inside the shell and extends to the interior of the cooling water cavity, and the first water outlet pipe is mounted at the bottom outside of the shell. The low-temperature cooling medium is introduced into the interior of the cooling water cavity through the first water inlet pipe to exchange heat with the rotating shaft body, and the cooled cooling medium is discharged to the shell through the shaft hole of the rotating support shaft, and finally discharged through the first water outlet pipe at the bottom of the shell, so that the circulating cooling of the rotating shaft is realized.

[0022] Further, the bearing assembly comprises a bearing sleeve fixedly sleeved outside the rotating support shaft, an outer sleeve of the bearing sleeve is sleeved with a roller bearing, an outer sleeve of the roller bearing is sleeved with a bearing seat, the front end and the rear end of the bearing seat are respectively provided with a bearing cover, the open end of the cover is sealingly welded with the bearing cover at the front end of the bearing seat, and an oil seal element is arranged between the inner side of the bearing cover and the bearing sleeve; through the cooperation of the bearing sleeve, the roller bearing, the bearing seat, the bearing cover and the oil seal element, the sealing property of the bearing assembly can be ensured, and the cooling medium can be prevented from penetrating into the bearing assembly or extending outside the cover.

[0023] Further, the roller bearing is a self-aligning roller bearing, a front end of the self-aligning roller bearing is provided with an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is used for adjusting the axial play of the roller bearing and ensuring the stability of the rotation of the rotating support shaft.

[0024] Further, the side surface of the cover is provided with a mounting hole, a threaded joint is sealingly mounted in the mounting hole, and the first water inlet pipe is fixedly mounted on the cover through the threaded joint.

[0025] Specifically, both ends of the rotating shaft body are provided with threaded holes, the thread rotation direction of the threaded holes is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, and the power input shaft, the rotating support shaft and the rotating shaft body are connected through threads; the rotating shaft body, the power input shaft and the rotating support shaft are connected through threads, the machining and assembly of the rotating shaft are facilitated, and the power input shaft, the rotating shaft body and the rotating support shaft can be machined respectively.

[0026] Further, the two end faces of the rotating shaft body are provided with annular grooves, and sealing rings are embedded in the annular grooves, so that the sealing property of the connection between the rotating shaft body and the power input shaft and the rotating support shaft can be improved.

[0027] Specifically, the rotating shaft body comprises a feeding section and a pressing section, the root circle diameter of the feeding section is constant, the root circle diameter of the pressing section increases along the axial direction, and the cooling water cavity is arranged in the pressing section; since the volume between the feeding section and the rotating shaft is fixed, less heat is generated; since the root circle diameter of the pressing section gradually increases, the volume between the pressing section and the rotating shaft gradually decreases, and more heat is generated, so that the cooling water cavity arranged in the pressing section can be used for cooling.

[0028] The second aspect of the application provides a mill barrel cooling method, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Real-time monitoring of the operating temperature data in the mill barrel;

[0030] According to the monitored temperature data, the cooling medium is circulated and delivered into the heat exchange channel of the cage plate through the external circulating pipeline, and the cooling medium is circulated and delivered into the cooling water cavity in the spiral shaft through the first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe.

[0031] The higher the operating temperature in the extraction chamber is, the greater the flow rate and the faster the flow speed of the cooling medium circulating delivery are.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The present application sets a heat exchange channel in the inner hole wall of the cage plate, and during operation, the cooling medium is circulated into the heat exchange channel through the external circulation pipeline, and the heat on the extraction strip is transferred to the heat exchange channel and then taken away by the cooling medium, so as to quickly reduce the pressing temperature in the extraction chamber, realize the design concept of "low temperature and high pressure" in the extraction chamber, and realize the true meaning of low temperature pressing, thereby maximizing the oil extraction efficiency under the premise of ensuring the oil quality and low protein denaturation in the cake.

[0034] (2) Since the traditional screw shaft is composed of a plurality of extraction screws, a gasket and a light sleeve, and rotates together with the transmission main shaft through the inner hole key connection, the cooling thickness when cooling the screw shaft includes the thickness of the extraction screw and the wall thickness of the transmission main shaft, and the cooling effect is poor; the present application adopts a conical frustum rotating shaft to replace the original transmission main shaft function design, changes the indirect cooling of the screw shaft by the transmission main shaft to direct cooling of the screw shaft, not only reduces the cooling wall thickness of the transmission main shaft, but also increases the cross-sectional area of the cooling water cavity, greatly improves the cooling effect of the screw shaft, and thus maintains a lower pressing temperature without sacrificing the pressure in the extraction chamber, realizes the true meaning of high pressure and low temperature pressing, and improves the oil quality and oil extraction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the spiral cold pressing machine in the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is the internal structure diagram of the integrated cage plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is the internal structure diagram of the split cage plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 It is the structure diagram of the split cage plate after being opened in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 It is the front view of the extraction cage in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 is a top view of the press cage in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 is a bottom view of the press cage in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screw shaft in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 9 is Figure 8 is an enlarged view of part A;

[0045] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the screw shaft in the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, controller; 3, drive component; 4, press cage; 5, feeding hopper; 6, cage loading plate; 7, first connecting plate; 8, second connecting plate; 9, cooling water tank; 10, sealing sleeve; 11, press bar; 12, shunt pipe; 13, water collecting pipe; 14, first flow channel; 15, second flow channel; 16, second water inlet pipe; 17, second water outlet pipe; 18, semi-annular plate; 19, pressing plate; 20, sealing plug; 21, bolt; 22, pin shaft; 23, ear plate; 24, notch; 25, screw press tooth; 26, cooling water cavity; 27, first water inlet pipe; 28, first water outlet pipe; 29, power input shaft; 30, rotating shaft body; 31, rotating support shaft; 32, shaft hole; 33, cover; 34, bearing sleeve; 35, roller bearing; 36, bearing seat; 37, bearing cover; 38, oil seal element; 39, adjusting nut; 40, threaded joint; 41, threaded hole; 42, sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] With reference to Figures 1 to 10 , the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a screw cold press machine with full-range low-temperature pressing operation in the press cage, comprising a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is provided with a controller 2, a drive component 3 and a press cage 4, the press cage 4 is provided with a feeding hopper 5 at the feeding end, and a single screw shaft or a multi-screw shaft is installed in the press cage 4.

[0049] The cage 4 comprises a plurality of cage plates 6 arranged axially at intervals, and opposite side edges of the cage plates 6 are fixedly connected by a first connecting plate 7 and a second connecting plate 8, respectively. The inner hole wall of the cage plate 6 is provided with a heat exchange channel in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of press bars 11 are arranged in the circumferential direction adjacent to the side wall of the heat exchange channel, and the press bars 11 form a press bore. The heat exchange channel is in communication with the external circulation pipeline through a corresponding flow channel.

[0050] The screw shaft comprises a conical frustum-shaped rotating shaft, and a spiral press tooth 25 is arranged outside the rotating shaft and is integrally formed with the rotating shaft. A cooling water cavity 26 is arranged inside the rotating shaft, and the part between the bottom surface of the spiral press tooth 25 and the cooling water cavity 26 is a conical frustum-shaped rotating shaft. The cooling water cavity 26 is in communication with the external first water inlet pipe 27 and the first water outlet pipe 28.

[0051] In the implementation process, a plurality of temperature sensors are mounted on the cage 4, which can be mounted on the cage plates 6 and the press bars 11. The temperature of the oil in the press bore is indirectly measured by monitoring the temperature of the cage plates 6 and the press bars 11. The controller 2 controls the circulation water cooling of the cage 4 and the screw shaft according to the monitored temperature data to ensure that the oil is in a low-temperature pressing environment. The driving part 3 comprises a motor and a speed reducer, and the motor drives the speed reducer to drive the screw shaft to rotate, which cooperates with the press bore to realize the conveying and extrusion of the oil.

[0052] Optionally, the heat exchange channel comprises a cooling water tank 9, and a heat exchange pipe (not shown in the figure) is embedded in the cooling water tank 9. A plurality of press bars 11 are arranged in the circumferential direction adjacent to the side wall of the heat exchange pipe. The heat exchange pipe is in communication with the external circulation pipeline through a corresponding flow channel.

[0053] Preferably, as shown in the figure, the heat exchange channel comprises a cooling water tank 9, and a sealing sleeve 10 is welded to the opening side of the cooling water tank 9. A plurality of press bars 11 are arranged in the circumferential direction adjacent to the side wall of the sealing sleeve 10. The cooling water tank 9 is in communication with the external circulation pipeline through a corresponding flow channel. Figure 2

[0054] In this embodiment, the closed annular heat exchange channel is obtained by opening the cooling water tank 9 in the inner hole wall of the cage plate 6 and welding the sealing sleeve 10. In the implementation process, it is not limited to the way of embedding the heat exchange copper pipe in the cooling water tank 9. A cooling medium can be circulated in the heat exchange copper pipe to realize rapid cooling of the press bore.

[0055] The sealing sleeve 10 in this embodiment is made of a metal material with similar welding performance as the cage plate 6, and the thickness of the sealing sleeve 10 is not too thick (too thick will reduce the heat transfer efficiency). The width of the sealing sleeve 10 is greater than the width of the cooling water tank 9, so as to ensure the sealing effect of welding.

[0056] ​In the specific implementation process, the cooling water tank 9 is not limited to the processing method, and its cross-section is not limited to being designed as a semi-circle, rectangle or other shape; the cooling medium is not limited to using water, cooling oil or other heat-conducting media.

[0057] In this embodiment, cooling water tanks 9 can be provided in all the cage plates 6 along the entire axial length of the pressing cage 4 to achieve full cooling of the pressing cage 4 along the axial length. Alternatively, cooling water tanks 9 can be provided in some of the cage plates 6 along the axial length of the pressing cage 4 to achieve local cooling of the pressing cage 4 along the axial length.

[0058] Preferably, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the external circulation pipeline includes a branch pipe 12 and a collection pipe 13, which are respectively installed on the first connecting plate 7 and the second connecting plate 8. The branch pipe 12 is connected to the cooling water tank 9 of each cage plate 6 through a corresponding first flow channel 14, and the collection pipe 13 is connected to the cooling water tank 9 of each cage plate 6 through a corresponding second flow channel 15. The branch pipe 12 and the collection pipe 13 are connected to the second inlet pipe 16 and the second outlet pipe 17, respectively. The inlet pipe 16 introduces a low-temperature cooling medium into the branch pipe 12. After being branched by the branch pipe 12, the cooling medium enters the cooling water tank 9 through the first flow channel 14 of each cage plate 6 and exchanges heat with the pressing bars 11 in the pressing chamber. Then, it is collected in the water collection pipe 13 through the second flow channel 15 of each cage plate 6, and finally discharged from the second outlet pipe 17. By connecting the circulation pipes of the cooling water tank 9 of multiple cage plates 6 in parallel, the cost of pipe layout can be saved, the pipe layout space can be reduced, and the on-site installation and use can be facilitated.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first connecting plate 7 is located on the upper part of the cage plate 6, and the second connecting plate 8 is located on the lower part of the cage plate 6. The first connecting plate 7 and the second connecting plate 8 can be integrally cast or welded with the cage plate 6. The first flow channel 14 extends from the top surface of the first connecting plate 7 into the cooling water tank 9 inside the cage plate 6, and the second flow channel 15 extends from the bottom surface of the second connecting plate 8 into the cooling water tank 9 inside the cage plate 6.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the cross-section of the diversion pipe 12 and the water collection pipe 13 is semi-circular, which can well adapt to the surface shape of the first connecting plate 7 and the second connecting plate 8; in the specific implementation process, their cross-sectional shape can also be flexibly selected according to the actual situation.

[0061] In the embodiment, the shunt pipe 12 and the collecting pipe 13 are a circular pipe cut along the axial direction from the end face, the side edge of the shunt pipe 12 is sealingly welded with the top surface of the first connecting plate 7 to form a semicircular pipe cavity, and all the inlets of the first flow channels 14 on the top surface of the first connecting plate 7 are all connected in parallel in the corresponding semicircular pipe cavity of the shunt pipe 12; the side edge of the collecting pipe 13 is sealingly welded with the bottom surface of the second connecting plate 8 to form a semicircular pipe cavity, and all the outlets of the second flow channels 15 on the bottom surface of the second connecting plate 8 are all connected in parallel in the corresponding semicircular pipe cavity of the collecting pipe 13; the two ends of the shunt pipe 12 and the collecting pipe 13 are both welded with plugs.

[0062] Optionally, the external circulation pipeline includes a plurality of groups of independent second water inlet pipes 16 and second water outlet pipes 17, each group of the second water inlet pipes 16 and the second water outlet pipes 17 is respectively connected in communication with the cooling water tank 9 of the corresponding cage plate 6 through the first flow channel 14 and the second flow channel 15; by independently setting the circulation pipeline of the cooling water tank 9 of each cage plate 6, the medium temperature, flow rate and other parameters of each circulation pipeline can be independently adjusted to accurately control the temperature of different parts in the extraction chamber.

[0063] Optionally, as shown in Figure 3 , 4 the cage plate 6 is composed of two semicircular plates 18, and the two semicircular plates 18 are detachably connected through a connecting piece. This detachable cage plate 6 structure is more suitable for installation of large and medium-sized machines.

[0064] The cage plate 6 of the embodiment can adopt a non-openable integrated structure. When the cage plate 6 is an integrated structure, the internal cooling water tank 9 is a continuous annular groove, and a sealing plug 20 is not needed. The cage plate 6 of the embodiment can also adopt an openable split structure. When the cage plate 6 is a split structure, the internal cooling water tank 9 is a two-segment discontinuous semicircular groove. If the two ends of the semicircular groove penetrate the opening and closing end faces of the semicircular plate 18, a sealing plug 20 needs to be welded at the two ends of the semicircular groove for plugging. If the two ends of the semicircular groove do not penetrate the opening and closing end faces of the semicircular plate 18, a sealing plug 20 does not need to be welded at the two ends of the semicircular groove for plugging.

[0065] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 , 4 the inner holes of each semicircular plate 18 are fixedly installed with a pressing plate 19 at both ends, and a plurality of press bars 11 are arranged in close proximity between the two pressing plates 19. The pressing plates 19 at both ends can tightly press the plurality of press bars 11 on the inner wall of the corresponding sealing sleeve 10 of the semicircular plate 18.

[0066] Further, as shown in Figure 3 , 4As shown, the cooling water tank 9 and the sealing sleeve 10 are both two-section split structure, and the two ends of the cooling water tank 9 are provided with sealing plugs 20; the first connecting plate 7, the second connecting plate 8, the shunt pipe 12, the water collecting pipe 13, the first flow channel 14 and the second flow channel 15 are all provided with two groups respectively for circulating water in the cooling water tank 9 inside the two half-ring plates 18; since the inner holes of the half-ring plates 18 are both provided with pressing plates 19, the original integral annular cooling water tank 9 and the sealing sleeve 10 are divided into two independent structures by the pressing plates 19, thus, two independent circulating pipelines are arranged to supply cooling medium into the cooling water tank 9 in the two half-ring plates 18, to realize the circulating cooling of the split cage plate 6.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figures 3 to 7 The connecting piece includes a bolt 21, a pin shaft 22 and an ear plate 23, the side surface of the two first connecting plates 7 and the second connecting plates 8 is provided with a through hole for mounting the bolt 21; the bottom surface of the two second connecting plates 8 is provided with an ear plate 23 at each end, and the pin shaft 22 passes through the shaft holes 32 of the four ear plates 23 in sequence; the two second connecting plates 8 at the bottom end of the two half-ring plates 18 are hinged through the ear plates 23 and the pin shaft 22, to facilitate the automatic alignment of the two half-ring plates 18 when they are closed, the two first connecting plates 7 at the upper part of the two half-ring plates 18 are locked through the bolt 21, and the two second connecting plates 8 at the lower part of the two half-ring plates 18 are locked through the bolt 21, to realize the locking and fixing of the two half-ring plates 18.

[0068] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 7 The water collecting pipe 13 is provided with an opening 24 at the position of the ear plate 23, and the opening 24 is sealingly welded with the ear plate 23, so that the ear plate 23 does not affect the layout path of the water collecting pipe 13 without affecting the sealing of the water collecting pipe 13.

[0069] Further, as shown in the figure, Figures 5 to 7 The bolt 21 is installed at the position between the adjacent two cage plates 6 on the first connecting plate 7 and the position between the adjacent two cage plates 6 on the second connecting plate 8, and the penetration path of the bolt 21 is staggered with the paths of the first flow channel 14 in the first connecting plate 7 and the second flow channel 15 in the second connecting plate 8, so that the installation of the bolt 21 does not affect the first flow channel 14 and the second flow channel 15.

[0070] In the specific implementation process, the internal structure of the cage 4 of the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the number of spiral shafts to adapt to the cooling of the cage 4 of the multi-spiral shaft cold pressing machine; the cage 4 of the embodiment is not limited to be used in cooperation with a single spiral shaft or a double spiral shaft.

[0071] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 8As shown, the rotating shaft comprises a power input shaft 29, a rotating shaft body 30 and a rotating support shaft 31 connected in sequence along the axial direction, the cooling water cavity 26 is arranged inside the rotating shaft body 30, and the spiral press gear 25 is integrally formed with the rotating shaft body 30; the rotating support shaft 31 is a hollow shaft, the shaft hole 32 of the rotating support shaft 31 is communicated with the cooling water cavity 26, and the first water inlet pipe 27 and the first water outlet pipe 28 are installed at the end of the rotating support shaft 31. By arranging the cooling water cavity 26 inside the rotating shaft body 30 and introducing the cooling medium into the cooling water cavity 26 through the shaft hole 32 of the rotating support shaft 31, the rapid cooling of the rotating shaft is realized.

[0072] In the embodiment, the material of the rotating shaft body 30 is 20CrMnTi, the surface is carburized and quenched, the carburized layer depth is 1.5-2mm, and the heat treatment hardness is HRc58-62; the material of the power input shaft 29 is 40Cr, the quenching and tempering treatment is adopted, and the hardness is HB260-310; the material of the rotating support shaft 31 is 45# seamless steel pipe, the quenching and tempering treatment is adopted, and the hardness is HB190-240.

[0073] Further, as shown in Figure 8 The rotating support shaft 31 is externally provided with a bearing assembly, the outer side end surface of the bearing assembly is sealingly provided with a cover 33; one end of the first water inlet pipe 27 is located outside the cover 33, the other end is located inside the cover 33 and extends into the cooling water cavity 26, and the first water outlet pipe 28 is installed outside the bottom of the cover 33; by sealingly installing the cover 33 on the outer side end surface of the bearing assembly and installing the first water inlet pipe 27 and the first water outlet pipe 28 on the cover 33, the external low-temperature cooling medium can be introduced into the cooling water cavity 26 through the first water inlet pipe 27 to exchange heat with the rotating shaft body 30, the cooled medium is discharged into the cover 33 through the shaft hole 32 of the rotating support shaft 31, and finally discharged through the first water outlet pipe 28 at the bottom of the cover 33, so that the circulating cooling of the rotating shaft is realized. Since the cover 33 is sealingly welded on the outer side end surface of the bearing assembly, the cover 33 is not affected by the rotation of the rotating shaft.

[0074] In the specific implementation process, in addition to the mode of installing the first water inlet pipe 27 and the first water outlet pipe 28 on the bearing assembly through the cover 33, the first water inlet pipe 27 and the first water outlet pipe 28 can also be directly installed at the end of the rotating support shaft 31 by means of a rotary joint, and the structure and installation mode of the rotary joint are conventional means in the art.

[0075] Further, as shown in Figure 9As shown, the bearing assembly comprises a bearing sleeve 34 fixedly sleeved outside the rotating support shaft 31, the outer sleeve of the bearing sleeve 34 is sleeved with a roller bearing 35, the outer sleeve of the roller bearing 35 is sleeved with a bearing seat 36, the front end and the rear end of the bearing seat 36 are respectively provided with a bearing cover 37, the open end of the cover 33 is sealingly welded with the bearing cover 37 at the front end of the bearing seat 36, and the inner side of the bearing cover 37 is provided with an oil seal element 38 between the bearing sleeve 34. The mutual cooperation of the bearing sleeve 34, the roller bearing 35, the bearing seat 36, the bearing cover 37 and the oil seal element 38 can ensure the sealing of the bearing assembly, so as to prevent the cooling medium from penetrating into the bearing assembly or extending outside the cover 33. During the rotation of the rotating support shaft 31, the bearing sleeve 34 rotates with the rotating support shaft 31, while the bearing seat 36 and the bearing covers 37 at the front and rear ends thereof are fixed. The bearing seat 36 is rotatably connected with the bearing sleeve 34 through the roller bearing 35, and the bearing covers 37 at the two ends of the bearing seat 36 cooperate with the oil seal element 38 to seal the bearing assembly.

[0076] Further, as shown in Figure 9 , the roller bearing 35 is a self-aligning roller bearing 35, the front end of the self-aligning roller bearing 35 is provided with an adjusting nut 39, the adjusting nut 39 is used for adjusting the axial play of the roller bearing 35, and the stability of the rotating support shaft 31 is ensured.

[0077] Further, as shown in Figure 8 , 10 , the side surface of the cover 33 is provided with a mounting hole, a threaded joint 40 is sealingly mounted in the mounting hole, and the first water inlet pipe 27 is fixedly mounted on the cover 33 through the threaded joint 40.

[0078] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8 , the two ends of the rotating shaft body 30 are respectively provided with a threaded hole 41, the screw rotation direction of the threaded hole 41 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, and the power input shaft 29, the rotating support shaft 31 and the rotating shaft body 30 are connected through threads; by screwing the rotating shaft body 30 with the power input shaft 29 and the rotating support shaft 31 at the two ends, the machining and assembly of the rotating shaft are facilitated, and the power input shaft 29, the rotating shaft body 30 and the rotating support shaft 31 can be machined respectively.

[0079] Further, as shown in Figure 8 , the two end faces of the rotating shaft body 30 are respectively provided with an annular groove, and a sealing ring 42 is embedded in the annular groove, which can improve the sealing performance of the connection between the rotating shaft body 30 and the power input shaft 29 and the rotating support shaft 31.

[0080] Specifically, the rotating shaft body 30 comprises a feeding section and a pressing section, the root circle diameter of the feeding section is constant, the root circle diameter of the pressing section is gradually increased along the axial direction, and the cooling water cavity 26 is arranged inside the pressing section; since the volume between the feeding section and the rotating shaft is fixed, less heat is generated; and since the root circle diameter of the pressing section is gradually increased, the volume between the pressing section and the rotating shaft is gradually reduced, more heat is generated, and therefore, the cooling water cavity 26 arranged inside the pressing section can be used for cooling.

[0081] Preferably, the inner wall of the cooling water cavity 26 and the inner wall of the shaft hole 32 are provided with spiral guide vanes (not shown in the figure, similar to the stirring vanes arranged on the inner wall of a concrete mixing tank), which can discharge the cooling medium in the cooling water cavity 26 into the shell 33 through the rotation of the spiral shaft, improve the flow efficiency of the cooling medium in the cooling water cavity 26, and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency; on the other hand, the spiral guide vanes greatly increase the contact area between the cooling medium and the spiral shaft, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0082] In the design of the rotating shaft body 30 of the embodiment, the cross-sectional area between the root circle of the rotating shaft body 30 and the cooling water cavity 26 is adjusted to be slightly larger than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the corresponding part of the original transmission shaft, so that the cross-sectional area of the cooling water cavity 26 is as large as possible under the premise of ensuring the structural reliability of the rotating shaft body 30, thereby maximizing the cooling effect of the spiral shaft.

[0083] In the traditional spiral oil press, the spiral shaft is a combination of a transmission shaft, multiple spiral components with different pitches, multiple gaskets and a light sleeve connected by keys, and although the transmission shaft is designed to be cooled, the cumulative thickness of the wall thickness of the water passage part of the transmission shaft and the wall thickness of the assembled components such as the spiral is about 60mm, and such a large thickness has a general cooling effect; and in the present application, since the hollow transmission shaft of the traditional spiral oil press is omitted, the cooling thickness of the spiral shaft is reduced by about 50%, and the cooling area of the cooling water is increased, so that the cooling effect is significantly improved, thereby providing a certain space for further increasing the press chamber pressure, reducing the residual oil rate of dry cake and reducing oil loss.

[0084] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an oil press chamber cooling method, which comprises the following steps:

[0085] Real-time monitoring of the operating temperature data in the press chamber;

[0086] Controlling the external circulating pipeline to circulate and deliver the cooling medium into the heat exchange channel of the cage plate 6 according to the monitored temperature data, and controlling the first water inlet pipe 27 and the first water outlet pipe 28 to circulate and deliver the cooling medium into the cooling water cavity 26 inside the spiral shaft;

[0087] The higher the operating temperature in the barrel, the greater the flow rate and the faster the flow speed of the cooling medium circulating delivery.

[0088] The water cooling process of the barrel 4 of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0089] The low-temperature cooling medium is introduced into the corresponding semicircular lumen of the distribution pipe 12 through the second water inlet pipe 16, and the low-temperature cooling medium is distributed into each first flow channel 14 of the cage plate 6 from the distribution pipe 12, and flows into the cooling water tank 9 of each cage plate 6 from the outlet at the bottom of each first flow channel 14. The cooling medium exchanges heat with the sealing sleeve 10 in the cooling water tank 9, quickly taking away the heat generated by the friction between the billets and the press bar 11 in the barrel, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the barrel. The cooling medium after heat exchange is collected into the corresponding semicircular lumen of the collecting pipe 13 from each second flow channel 15, and finally discharged through the second water outlet pipe 17. The discharged cooling medium is cooled and then introduced into the cooling water tank 9 through the second water inlet pipe 16, realizing the water cooling circulation heat dissipation of the barrel.

[0090] The water cooling process of the screw shaft of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0091] The screw shaft rotates in the barrel and is extruded and rubbed with the billets in the barrel, generating a large amount of heat. The cooling medium is introduced into the cooling water cavity 26 inside the rotating shaft body 30 through the first water inlet pipe 27, and the cooling medium exchanges heat directly with the rotating shaft body 30, absorbing the heat of the rotating shaft body 30. As the rotating shaft body 30 rotates, the cooling medium covers the entire inner wall of the cooling water cavity 26, rapidly reducing the temperature of the rotating shaft body 30. The cooling medium after heat exchange flows into the housing 33 through the shaft hole 32 of the rotating support shaft 31, and finally flows out from the first water outlet pipe 28 at the bottom of the housing 33, thereby realizing the circulating water cooling of the screw shaft.

[0092] The present embodiment tests the operating conditions of the screw press oil expeller with rapeseed as the oil material for 3 groups. The change of the power consumption of the main motor can be intuitively reflected by the size of the current of the main motor. The larger the current of the main motor, the greater the operating pressure in the barrel, the higher the temperature, and the greater the power consumption of the motor. Therefore, the present embodiment indirectly reflects the improvement effect of the internal operating temperature of the barrel by the water cooling structure design of the cage plate and the screw shaft of the screw press oil expeller by collecting the current data of the main motor and the corresponding internal operating temperature data of the barrel during the operation of the screw press oil expeller. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0093] Table 1 Test results of operating conditions of screw press oil expeller

[0094] Serial number Main motor current (A) Press chamber operating temperature (°C) 1 14 52～58 2 17 62～65 3 15 55～60

[0095] According to the above table 1, the improved spiral oil press greatly reduces the internal operating temperature of the barrel, the highest internal operating temperature of the barrel does not exceed 65 DEG C, ensures that the pressing temperature of the barrel is always kept in the cold pressing process range below 65 DEG C, thereby greatly improving the quality of cold-pressed oil.

[0096] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A spiral cold press machine for low-temperature pressing operation throughout the whole process in a press house, comprising a rack (1), a controller (2), a driving part (3) and a press cage (4) installed on the rack (1), a feeding hopper (5) installed at the feeding end of the press cage (4), and a single spiral shaft or a multi-spiral shaft installed in the press cage (4); characterized in that: the press cage (4) comprises a plurality of cage mounting plates (6) arranged at intervals along the axial direction, and the opposite side edges of the cage mounting plates (6) are fixedly connected by a first connecting plate (7) and a second connecting plate (8), respectively; the inner hole wall of the cage mounting plate (6) is provided with a heat exchange channel in the circumferential direction, the side wall of the heat exchange channel is closely arranged with a plurality of press bars (11) in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of press bars (11) jointly form a press bore; and the heat exchange channel is communicated with an external circulation pipeline through a corresponding flow channel; the heat exchange channel comprises a cooling water tank (9), a sealing sleeve (10) is welded on the opening side of the cooling water tank (9), and a plurality of press bars (11) are closely arranged along the side wall of the sealing sleeve (10) in the circumferential direction; and the cooling water tank (9) is communicated with the external circulation pipeline through a corresponding flow channel; the external circulation pipeline comprises a shunt pipe (12) and a collecting pipe (13), and the shunt pipe (12) and the collecting pipe (13) are installed on the first connecting plate (7) and the second connecting plate (8), respectively; the shunt pipe (12) is communicated with the heat exchange channel of each cage mounting plate (6) through a corresponding first flow channel (14), the collecting pipe (13) is communicated with the heat exchange channel of each cage mounting plate (6) through a corresponding second flow channel (15), and the shunt pipe (12) and the collecting pipe (13) are communicated with a second water inlet pipe (16) and a second water outlet pipe (17), respectively; the cage mounting plate (6) is formed by two half-ring plates (18) jointly enclosing, and the two half-ring plates (18) are detachably connected by a connecting piece; a pressing plate (19) is fixedly installed at both ends of the inner hole of each half-ring plate (18), and a plurality of press bars (11) are closely arranged between the two pressing plates (19); the heat exchange channel and the sealing sleeve (10) are both two-section split structures, and sealing plugs (20) are arranged at the openings of both ends of the heat exchange channel; the first connecting plate (7), the second connecting plate (8), the shunt pipe (12), the collecting pipe (13), the first flow channel (14) and the second flow channel (15) are all provided with two groups of corresponding structures for circulating water in the internal heat exchange channels of the two half-ring plates (18), respectively; the spiral shaft comprises a conical frustum rotating shaft, a spiral press tooth (25) is arranged on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the spiral press tooth (25) is integrally machined and formed with the rotating shaft; a cooling water cavity (26) is arranged in the inside of the rotating shaft, and the part between the bottom surface of the spiral press tooth (25) and the cooling water cavity (26) is a conical frustum rotating shaft; and the cooling water cavity (26) is communicated with a first water inlet pipe (27) and a first water outlet pipe (28) outside. ​ The temperature sensors are installed on the cage (4), the temperature of the oil in the cage is indirectly measured by monitoring the temperature of the cage plate (6) and the press bar (11), and the controller (2) controls the circulating water cooling of the cage (4) and the screw shaft according to the monitored temperature data.

2. A screw cold press according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat exchange channel comprises a cooling water tank (9), the heat exchange pipe is embedded in the cooling water tank (9), a plurality of press bars (11) are arranged in close proximity to the side wall of the heat exchange pipe in the circumferential direction, and the heat exchange pipe is communicated with the external circulating pipeline through the corresponding flow channel.

3. A screw cold press according to claim 1, wherein the screw is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of at least 100 W / mK. The connecting piece comprises a bolt (21), a pin shaft (22) and an ear plate (23), the side surfaces of the two first connecting plates (7) and the second connecting plates (8) are provided with through holes for mounting the bolts (21), the through holes are arranged at the positions between the adjacent two cage plates (6), and the two first connecting plates (7) and the two second connecting plates (8) are connected by the bolts (21); the bottom surfaces of the two second connecting plates (8) are provided with the ear plates (23) at the two ends, and the pin shaft (22) penetrates the shaft holes (32) of the four ear plates (23) in sequence.

4. A screw cold press according to claim 1, wherein the screw is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of at least 100 W / mK. The rotating shaft comprises a power input shaft (29), a rotating shaft body (30) and a rotating support shaft (31) which are connected in sequence in the axial direction, the cooling water cavity (26) is arranged in the interior of the rotating shaft body (30), and the screw press teeth (25) are integrally formed with the rotating shaft body (30); the rotating support shaft (31) is a hollow shaft, the shaft hole (32) of the rotating support shaft (31) is communicated with the cooling water cavity (26), and the first water inlet pipe (27) and the first water outlet pipe (28) are arranged at the end of the rotating support shaft (31).

5. A screw cold press according to claim 4, characterized in that A bearing assembly is arranged outside the rotating support shaft (31), and a cover (33) is sealingly arranged on the outer side end surface of the bearing assembly; one end of the first water inlet pipe (27) is located outside the cover (33), and the other end is located inside the cover (33) and extends into the cooling water cavity (26); the first water outlet pipe (28) is arranged outside the bottom of the cover (33); the side surface of the cover (33) is provided with a mounting hole, a threaded joint (40) is sealingly arranged in the mounting hole, and the first water inlet pipe (27) is fixedly arranged on the cover (33) through the threaded joint (40).

6. A screw press with low-temperature pressing operation throughout the entire pressing process, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The bearing assembly comprises a bearing sleeve (34) fixedly arranged outside the rotating support shaft (31), a roller bearing (35) arranged outside the bearing sleeve (34), a bearing seat (36) arranged outside the roller bearing (35), bearing covers (37) arranged at the front end and the rear end of the bearing seat (36), and an oil seal element (38) arranged between the inner side of the bearing cover (37) and the bearing sleeve (34).

7. A method for cooling the barrel of a screw press according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Real-time monitoring of the operating temperature data in the cage; According to the monitored temperature data, the cooling medium is circulated and delivered into the heat exchange channel of the cage plate (6) through the external circulation pipeline, and the cooling medium is circulated and delivered into the cooling water cavity (26) inside the screw shaft through the first water inlet pipe (27) and the first water outlet pipe (28); The higher the operating temperature in the press chamber is, the greater the flow of the cooling medium circulated and delivered is, and the faster the flow rate is.

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