Fastening device for preventing cabin door from falling off

Abstract

The invention discloses a cabin door non-disengaging fastening device which comprises a connecting pin fixedly installed on a cabin door, and one end of the connecting pin is configured to be a circular truncated cone; the connecting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the door frame and is provided with a conical notch matched with the circular truncated cone; the connecting screw penetrates through the connecting pin and is matched with the threaded hole in the connecting sleeve; the gasket is arranged in the connecting pin; the spring is sleeved on the connecting screw; and the top cover is mounted on the connecting pin and is of a hollow structure. The connecting pin and the connecting sleeve are matched with the side face of the conical notch through the circular truncated cone, the good force transmission performance is achieved, and the problem that a large-radian cabin door is clamped when being opened is solved; when the cabin door is opened, the connecting screw is jacked up by the spring to be completely separated from the threaded hole in the connecting sleeve, and meanwhile the top cover prevents the connecting screw from being separated and lost. The cabin door connection mechanical property requirement of a spacecraft in a severe launching environment is met, and meanwhile an astronaut can conveniently open and fasten the cabin door in an on-orbit weightless environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a fastening device for preventing a hatch from falling out. Background Art

[0002] With the development of aerospace engineering, especially manned spaceflight and space station technology, more and more equipment on some spacecraft, such as large space telescopes, needs to be repaired and replaced by astronauts to extend the service life of the spacecraft and improve the performance of the equipment. This requires astronauts to open and close the maintenance hatch of the corresponding equipment. This maintenance hatch must not only meet the mechanical performance requirements under harsh environments such as large overload and strong vibration during spacecraft launch, but also ensure the ease and convenience of astronauts in opening and tightening the hatch in space.

[0003] Although the hatch connection mechanism on traditional manned spacecraft has good load-bearing capacity and high reliability, the mechanism system is too complex, heavy, and large in size, and the operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, it is only suitable for manned spacecraft, not for unmanned spacecraft. Non-slip screws are also widely used in spacecraft maintenance. They have the advantages of easy operation and preventing screws from falling off and losing. However, due to the large size of the maintenance hatch of large equipment, in order to meet the mechanical performance requirements during launch, if conventional non-slip screws are used, too many screws need to be arranged, resulting in too long operation time for astronauts to open and close the hatch; if larger screws are used, a larger anti-torque torque will be generated during operation, and astronauts cannot withstand this torque in a weightless environment. Therefore, conventional non-slip screws are only suitable for small-sized maintenance cover, not for large-sized maintenance hatches.

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, technical personnel in this field urgently need to develop a non-slip fastening device that can not only meet the mechanical performance requirements of the spacecraft's hatch connection in harsh launch environments, but also facilitate astronauts to open and fasten the hatch in the weightless environment of orbit. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-slip fastening device that can meet the mechanical performance requirements of the hatch connection of a spacecraft in a harsh launch environment, and at the same time facilitate astronauts to open and fasten the hatch in an in-orbit weightless environment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hatch door fastening device of the present invention comprises:

[0008] A connecting pin fixedly mounted on the hatch, wherein one end of the connecting pin is configured as a frustum;

[0009] A connecting sleeve fixedly mounted on the door frame, wherein the connecting sleeve is provided with a conical notch matched with the frustum;

[0010] A connecting screw passing through the connecting pin and fixed in the connecting sleeve;

[0011] The fastening device also includes:

[0012] a washer disposed in the connecting pin; and

[0013] A spring sleeved on the connecting screw, wherein the bottom of the spring is limited by the washer;

[0014] A top cover with a hollow structure is installed on the connecting pin and wraps the connecting screw inside.

[0015] Further, the connecting pin is provided with a first through hole, and the end of the connecting pin away from the connecting sleeve is provided with a first connecting ear, the first connecting ear is provided with a plurality of first connecting members, and the connecting pin is connected to the hatch through the first connecting member;

[0016] A cylindrical section is provided between the first connecting ear and the truncated cone;

[0017] A first groove and a second groove are formed in the middle of the connecting pin in a stepped arrangement. The washer is located in the first groove, and a third connecting member threaded hole is formed at the bottom of the second groove for connecting the top cover.

[0018] Furthermore, a second connecting ear is provided at one end of the connecting sleeve close to the connecting pin, a plurality of second connecting members are provided on the second connecting ear, and the connecting sleeve is connected to the door frame through the second connecting members;

[0019] The connecting sleeve extends an annular boss along the tapered notch toward the connecting pin;

[0020] A second through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting sleeve, and the second through hole is configured as an internal thread structure to cooperate with the connecting screw.

[0021] Furthermore, the connecting screw comprises a screw flange, a screw head and a screw rod which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and a hexagon socket opening upward is provided at one end of the screw flange;

[0022] The spring is located between the screw flange and the washer;

[0023] The screw rod is provided with an external thread, and the screw rod passes through the connecting pin and cooperates with the internal thread of the connecting sleeve.

[0024] Furthermore, a third connecting ear is provided at one end of the top cover close to the connecting pin, a plurality of third connecting members are provided on the third connecting ear, and the third connecting members are matched with the third connecting member threaded holes to connect the top cover to the connecting pin;

[0025] The side surface of the third connecting ear contacts and cooperates with the side surface of the second groove, and the side surface profile is polygonal or irregular.

[0026] The outer wall of the top cover is in a regular hexagon and is evenly distributed with six top cover grooves;

[0027] An operating hole is provided on the top of the top cover, and an external tool can pass through the operating hole to perform a wrenching operation on the connecting screw.

[0028] Preferably, the first connecting ear is in a square, round or irregular shape, and the number of the first connecting members is four and they are evenly distributed on the first connecting ear.

[0029] Preferably, the second connecting ear is in a square, round or irregular shape, and the number of the second connecting members is four and they are evenly distributed on the second connecting ear.

[0030] Preferably, the number of the third connecting members is four, which are distributed on the third connecting ears.

[0031] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the cabin door, and the cylindrical section is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole.

[0032] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the door frame, and the annular boss is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole.

[0033] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a hatch door non-slip fastening device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present invention provides a fastening device for preventing hatches from falling out. The connecting pin and the connecting sleeve cooperate with the side of the conical notch through the truncated cone, which not only has good force transmission performance, but also avoids the problem of getting stuck when the hatch with a large arc is opened. The outer wall of the top cover can cooperate with the sleeve of the astronaut's electric tool. The counter-torque generated when the tool is used to tighten the connecting screw will be directly transmitted to the top cover, and further transmitted to the connecting pin and the hatch, and the astronaut will no longer bear the counter-torque. Because it is not limited by the astronaut's operating torque, screws larger than conventional screws can be used to improve the mechanical properties of the connection of large-sized hatches. When the hatch is opened, the connecting screw is lifted up by the spring and completely disengaged from the threaded hole in the connecting sleeve, and the top cover prevents the connecting screw from falling out and being lost. The present invention not only meets the mechanical performance requirements of the hatch connection of the spacecraft in a harsh launch environment, but also facilitates astronauts to open and tighten the hatch in an orbital weightless environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection of a hatch door non-slipping fastening device provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the hatch door is in a closed state;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection of a hatch door non-slipping fastening device provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the hatch door is open;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the disassembly of parts of a hatch door retaining fastening device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 110, hatch; 120, door frame;

[0041] 131. Connecting pin; 132. Connecting sleeve; 133. Connecting screw; 134. Washer; 135. Spring; 136. Top cover;

[0042] 1311, first connecting member; 1312, first through hole; 1313, truncated cone; 1314, cylindrical section; 1315, first connecting ear; 1316, first groove; 1317, second groove; 1318, threaded hole of third connecting member;

[0043] 1321, second connecting member; 1322, second through hole; 1323, tapered notch; 1324, second connecting ear; 1325, annular boss;

[0044] 1331, screw flange; 1332, screw head; 1333, screw rod; 1334, hexagon socket;

[0045] 1361. Third connecting piece; 1362. Third connecting ear; 1363. Top cover groove; 1364. Operating hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] See also Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown;

[0048] A hatch door fastening device of the present invention comprises:

[0049] A connecting pin 131 fixedly mounted on the hatch 110 , one end of the connecting pin 131 being configured as a frustum 1313 ;

[0050] A connecting sleeve 132 fixedly mounted on the door frame 120, wherein the connecting sleeve 132 is provided with a conical notch 1323 matching the round table 1313;

[0051] A connecting screw 133 passing through the connecting pin 131 and fixed in the connecting sleeve 132;

[0052] The fastening device also includes:

[0053] a washer 134 disposed in the connecting pin 131; and

[0054] A spring 135 sleeved on the connecting screw 133, wherein the bottom of the spring 135 is limited by the washer 134;

[0055] The top cover 136 having a hollow structure is installed on the connecting pin 131 and wraps the connecting screw 133 therein.

[0056] As a further introduction to this embodiment, the connecting pin 131 is provided with a first through hole 1312, the first through hole 1312 is a light hole, and the end of the connecting pin 131 away from the connecting sleeve 132 is provided with a first connecting ear 1315, and the first connecting ear 1315 is provided with a plurality of first connecting members 1311, and the connecting pin 131 is connected to the hatch 110 through the first connecting member 1311;

[0057] A cylindrical section 1314 is provided between the first connecting ear 1315 and the truncated platform 1313;

[0058] A first groove 1316 and a second groove 1317 are formed in the middle of the connecting pin 131 in a stepped manner. The washer 134 is located in the first groove 1316 , and a third connecting member threaded hole 1318 is formed at the bottom of the second groove 1317 for connecting the top cover 136 .

[0059] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the contour of the first groove 1316 is preferably circular, and its diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the washer 134 and the outer diameter of the spring 135 . The depth of the first groove 1316 is larger than the thickness of the washer 134 , thereby ensuring that the washer 134 and the spring 135 will not fall out of the first groove 1316 .

[0060] As a further introduction to this embodiment, the connecting sleeve 132 is provided with a second connecting ear 1324 at one end close to the connecting pin 131, and a plurality of second connecting members 1321 are provided on the second connecting ear 1324, and the connecting sleeve 132 is connected to the door frame 120 through the second connecting members 1321;

[0061] The connecting sleeve 132 extends an annular boss 1325 along the tapered notch 1323 toward the connecting pin 131 ;

[0062] A second through hole 1322 is defined in the middle of the connecting sleeve 132 . The second through hole 1322 is configured as an internal thread structure to cooperate with the connecting screw 133 .

[0063] It should be noted that when the connecting screw 133 tightens the connecting pin 131 and the connecting sleeve 132, there is a certain gap between the top of the truncated cone 1313 and the bottom of the tapered notch 1323, ensuring that the connecting pin 131 and the connecting sleeve 132 are in contact and fit only with the side of the truncated cone 1313 and the side of the tapered notch 1323. In this way, the pre-tightening force along the axial direction of the connecting screw 133 is converted into the contact force between the side of the truncated cone 1313 and the tapered notch 1323, and further decomposed into the pressure perpendicular to the surface of the hatch 110 and the shear force parallel to the surface of the hatch 110, so that the hatch 110 and the door frame 120 have good force transmission performance. It can be understood that since the axis of the hatch non-slip fastening device is preferably installed along the normal direction of the outer shape of the hatch 110, when the outer curvature of the hatch 110 is large and multiple hatch non-slip fastening devices are arranged along the curvature direction of the hatch 110, there will be a large angle difference between the axis of the hatch non-slip fastening device and the opening movement direction of the hatch 110. Therefore, the cone 1313 and the conical slot 1323 can cooperate with the conical side to avoid the problem of the hatch 110 with a large curvature from getting stuck when opening.

[0064] As a further introduction to this embodiment, the connecting screw 133 includes a screw flange 1331, a screw head 1332 and a screw rod 1333 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and a hexagon socket 1334 with an opening upward is provided at one end of the screw flange 1331;

[0065] The spring 135 is located between the screw flange 1331 and the washer 134;

[0066] The screw rod 1333 is provided with an external thread, and the screw rod 1333 passes through the connecting pin 131 and matches with the internal thread of the connecting sleeve 132 .

[0067] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the inner diameter of the spring 135 is larger than the diameter of the screw head 1332, and the outer diameter of the spring 135 is smaller than the diameter of the screw flange 1331 and the outer diameter of the washer 134. Thus, the spring 135 wraps the screw head 1332 inside, and the spring 135 is confined between the screw flange 1331 and the washer 134.

[0068] It should be noted that the compressed height of the spring 135 needs to be less than Figure 1 The distance between the lower surface of the screw flange 1331 and the upper surface of the gasket 134 when the hatch 110 is closed is shown to prevent the spring 135 from being squeezed and damaged; and the free height of the spring 135 needs to be greater than Figure 2 The distance between the lower surface of the screw flange 1331 and the upper surface of the gasket 134 when the hatch 120 is open is shown to ensure that the connecting screw 133 is fully bounced up until the upper surface of the screw flange 1331 contacts the top of the inner wall of the top cover 136.

[0069] As a further introduction to this embodiment, a third connecting ear 1362 is provided at one end of the top cover 136 close to the connecting pin 131, and a plurality of third connecting members 1361 are provided on the third connecting ear 1362, and the third connecting members 1361 cooperate with the third connecting member threaded hole 1318 to connect the top cover 136 to the connecting pin 131;

[0070] The outer wall of the top cover 136 is in a regular hexagon and is evenly distributed with six top cover grooves 1363. The top cover grooves 1363 are dyed black as alignment marking lines, while other parts of the outer wall of the top cover 136 are light-colored metallic primary colors to highlight the marking lines, so as to facilitate alignment when astronauts use electric tools with the same marking lines;

[0071] An operation hole 1364 is formed on the top of the top cover 136. The diameter of the inner wall side of the top cover 136 is larger than the diameter of the screw flange 1331. The diameter of the operation hole 1364 is smaller than the diameter of the screw flange 1331 and larger than the diameter of the tool for tightening the connection screw 133. Thus, the top cover 136 wraps the connection screw 133 and the spring 135, and the tool can pass through the operation hole 1364 to tighten the connection screw 133. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the tool for tightening the connection screw 133 is a hexagonal wrench, which is inserted into the inner hexagonal slot 1334 for tightening.

[0072] As a further introduction to this embodiment, the third connecting member 1361 can be a screw, a rivet, a welded body, etc. Figures 1 to 3The third connecting member 1361 shown is a countersunk screw. It is understandable that the number of the third connecting members 1361 is multiple, preferably four. In addition, the side of the third connecting ear 1324 contacts and cooperates with the side of the second groove 1317, and the side profile shape is polygonal or irregular, and the ability of the third connecting ear 1362 and the second groove 1317 to transmit the axial torque of the top cover 136 is enhanced through shape matching. The third connecting ear 1362 and the second groove 1317 have both a tight side fit and a connection with the third connecting member 1361, which strengthens the connection strength between the top cover 136 and the connecting pin 131.

[0073] The outer wall of the top cover 136 can cooperate with the socket of the astronaut's power tool, so that the counter-torque generated when the tool is used to tighten the connecting screw 133 will be directly transmitted from the tool to the top cover 136, and further transmitted to the connecting pin 131 and the hatch 110. The astronauts no longer bear the counter-torque, which solves the problem that astronauts cannot overcome the counter-torque of large-sized screws in a weightless state.

[0074] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the shape of the first connecting ear 1315 is preferably square or round, and can also be a special shape; the number of the first connecting members 1311 is four, and they are evenly distributed on the first connecting ear 1315; the first connecting member 1311 can be a screw, a rivet, a welded body, etc. Figure 1 to Figure 3 The first connecting member 1311 shown is a countersunk screw and a cap nut, and the cap nut can avoid the potential safety hazard to astronauts due to exposed threads or sharp corners. The hatch 110 is provided with a countersunk hole at the first connecting member 1311 to avoid the first connecting member 1311 from interfering with the connection.

[0075] As a preferred technical solution of this embodiment, the shape of the second connecting ear 1324 is preferably square or round, and can also be a special shape; the number of the second connecting members 1321 is four, and they are evenly distributed on the second connecting ear 1324; the second connecting member 1321 can be a screw, a rivet, a welded body, etc. Figure 1 to Figure 3 The second connecting member 1321 shown is a matching member of a countersunk screw and a hexagonal nut. The door frame 120 is provided with a countersunk hole at the second connecting member 1321 to prevent the second connecting member 1321 from interfering with the connection.

[0076] As a further introduction to this embodiment, the hatch 110 is provided with a mounting hole, and the cylindrical section 1314 is disposed in the corresponding mounting hole. The connection of the connecting piece and the matching of the mounting hole strengthen the connection strength between the connecting pin 131 and the hatch 110.

[0077] As a further introduction to this embodiment, the door frame 120 is provided with a mounting hole, and the annular boss 1325 is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole. The connection strength between the connecting sleeve 132 and the door frame 120 is enhanced by the connection of the connecting piece and the matching of the mounting hole.

[0078] Considering the mechanical properties and processability of the connecting device, the center lines of the first through hole 1312, the frustum 1313, the cylindrical section 1314, the second through hole 1322, the conical notch 1323, the annular boss 1325, the connecting screw 133, the washer 134, the spring 135, and the operating hole 1364 are coaxial.

[0079] It is understandable that the length of the external thread section of the screw rod 1333 is preferably greater than the length of the internal thread section of the second through hole 1322. Figure 1 When the hatch 110 is in the closed state, all the internal threads of the second through hole 1322 are involved in the threaded connection to improve the strength of the threaded connection.

[0080] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when tightening the hatch 110, the sleeve of the astronaut's power tool inserts the outer wall of the top cover 136, and the tool wrench passes through the operating hole 1364 and is inserted into the hexagonal groove 1334, squeezing the spring 135 downward and performing a tightening operation, and the screw rod 1333 is screwed into the second through hole 1322 and cooperates with the internal thread of the second through hole 1322 until the side of the cone 1313 and the side of the conical notch 1323 are in contact and cooperate, thereby achieving a tight connection between the hatch 110 and the door frame 120. When the hatch 110 is opened, the sleeve of the astronaut's power tool inserts the outer wall of the top cover 136, and the tool wrench passes through the operating hole 1364 and is inserted into the hexagonal groove 1334. The connecting screw 133 is rotated in the opposite direction to disengage the screw rod 1333 from the internal thread of the second through hole 1322. Under the action of the restoring force of the spring 135, the connecting screw 133 is lifted up and completely disengaged from the second through hole 1322. At the same time, the top cover 136 prevents the connecting screw 133 from being disengaged and lost. At this time, the cone 1313 and the conical notch 1323 are disengaged, thereby releasing the connection between the hatch 110 and the door frame 120.

[0081] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hatch door fastening device, characterized in that: The fastening device comprises: A connecting pin (131) fixedly mounted on the cabin door (110), wherein one end of the connecting pin (131) is configured as a frustum (1313); A connecting sleeve (132) fixedly mounted on the door frame (120), wherein the connecting sleeve (132) is provided with a conical notch (1323) matching the truncated cone (1313); a connecting screw (133) passing through the connecting pin (131) and fixed in the connecting sleeve (132); The fastening device also includes: a washer (134) disposed in the connecting pin (131); and a spring (135) sleeved on the connecting screw (133), wherein the bottom of the spring (135) is limited by the washer (134); A top cover (136) having a hollow structure is installed on the connecting pin (131) and wraps the connecting screw (133) therein.

2. A hatch door fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pin (131) is provided with a first through hole (1312), and a first connecting ear (1315) is provided at one end of the connecting pin (131) away from the connecting sleeve (132), a plurality of first connecting members (1311) are provided on the first connecting ear (1315), and the connecting pin (131) is connected to the cabin door (110) via the first connecting members (1311); A cylindrical section (1314) is provided between the first connecting ear (1315) and the truncated platform (1313); The middle part of the connecting pin (131) is provided with a first groove (1316) and a second groove (1317) which are arranged in a stepped manner. The washer (134) is located in the first groove (1316), and a third connecting member threaded hole (1318) is provided at the bottom of the second groove (1317) for connecting the top cover (136).

3. A hatch door fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting ear (1324) is provided at one end of the connecting sleeve (132) close to the connecting pin (131), and a plurality of second connecting members (1321) are provided on the second connecting ear (1324), and the connecting sleeve (132) is connected to the door frame (120) via the second connecting members (1321); The connecting sleeve (132) extends an annular boss (1325) along the tapered notch (1323) toward the connecting pin (131); A second through hole (1322) is provided in the middle of the connecting sleeve (132), and the second through hole (1322) is configured as an internal thread structure to cooperate with the connecting screw (133).

4. A hatch door fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting screw (133) comprises a screw flange (1331), a screw head (1332) and a screw rod (1333) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and a hexagon socket (1334) with an opening facing upward is provided at one end of the screw flange (1331); The spring (135) is located between the screw flange (1331) and the washer (134); The screw rod (1333) is provided with an external thread, and the screw rod (1333) passes through the connecting pin (131) and matches with the internal thread of the connecting sleeve (132).

5. A hatch door fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third connecting ear (1362) is provided at one end of the top cover (136) close to the connecting pin (131), and a plurality of third connecting members (1361) are provided on the third connecting ear (1362), and the third connecting members (1361) are matched with the third connecting member threaded holes (1318) so that the top cover (136) is connected to the connecting pin (131); The side surface of the third connecting ear (1324) contacts and cooperates with the side surface of the second groove (1317), and the side profile shape is polygonal or irregular; The outer wall of the top cover (136) is in the shape of a regular hexagon and is evenly distributed with six top cover grooves (1363); An operating hole (1364) is formed on the top of the top cover (136), and an external tool can pass through the operating hole (1364) to perform a wrenching operation on the connecting screw (133).

6. A hatch door fastening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hatch (110) is provided with a mounting hole, and the cylindrical section (1314) is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole.

7. A hatch door fastening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The door frame (120) is provided with a mounting hole, and the annular boss (1325) is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole.

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