Energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving DC ore-heating furnace, which belongs to the technical field of ore-heating furnaces, and comprises an ore-heating furnace body, wherein a plurality of electrode pieces extending into the ore-heating furnace body are arranged below the furnace cover, and an ore classification and feeding assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body, wherein the ore classification and feeding assembly separates the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body into two mirror-image-arranged first classification storage cavities and a second classification storage cavity located between the two first classification storage cavities, wherein the first classification storage cavity and the second classification storage cavity respectively store ores of different specifications, and a material turning and stone moving assembly is also arranged in the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body, wherein the material turning and stone moving assembly applies force to turn over the ores in the first classification storage cavity and the second classification storage cavity, and adjusts the spacing and positions of adjacent ores, so that heat enters and contacts each ore uniformly. The invention ensures that arcs can be generated more effectively between the electrode pieces and ores of different specifications, thereby reducing energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ore-fired furnaces, in particular to an energy-saving direct current ore-fired furnace. Background Art

[0002] A DC submerged arc furnace is an electric heating device used in the metallurgical industry to extract metals from ores. It is mainly used to produce ferroalloys, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, etc., and is sometimes used to treat waste slag or recover rare metals. A DC submerged arc furnace is based on the Joule heating effect generated when an electric current passes through a resistor. In a DC submerged arc furnace, one pole of the power supply is connected to the conductive material in the molten pool (cathode), and the other pole is connected to the electrode located on the top of the furnace (anode). When the current flows, an arc is formed between the two poles, generating a high temperature, which is sufficient to melt the ore and the reducing agent and promote the chemical reaction to reduce the metal from its oxide.

[0003] During the operation of the submerged arc furnace, the traditional DC submerged arc furnace has several limitations and shortcomings, which directly affect the smelting efficiency, energy utilization and the quality of the final product. The main problems existing in the prior art are as follows: in the traditional submerged arc furnace, the ore is usually put directly into the furnace without being sorted, resulting in less than ideal contact between the electrode and the ore, and the heat generated by the arc cannot be evenly distributed to each ore particle. In this case, not only may some of the ore not be fully heated, but it is also easy to cause local overheating, resulting in a large amount of energy being wasted. In addition, due to the different sizes of ores, larger ores will occupy more space, hindering the effective transfer of heat and further reducing the energy utilization efficiency. It is difficult for heat to penetrate into the interior. This not only affects the uniform heating of the ore, but also limits the speed and degree of chemical reactions, thereby reducing the consistency of product quality. Especially for those metal ores that require high-temperature treatment, if the heating is uneven, defective or waste products may be produced, increasing production costs.

[0004] After searching, the existing Chinese patent publication number is: CN209960973U. A four-electrode DC submerged arc furnace includes: a furnace shell, a furnace lining, a smoke hood, an electrode auxiliary system, electrodes, a transformer, etc.; the furnace lining is arranged close to the inner wall of the furnace shell, and its internal cavity is a furnace; the smoke cover is closed on the top of the furnace shell; one end of the electrode auxiliary system passes through the smoke hood and extends into the furnace, and there are four electrodes, which are arranged in the port at one end of the electrode auxiliary system extending into the furnace, and the centers of the four electrodes constitute four vertices of a square, wherein every two electrodes constitute a positive and negative pole loop, and there are two loops in total; the electrodes are connected to the transformer.

[0005] The patent documents cited above also have the same problem. The ore is directly put into the furnace without being classified, resulting in less than ideal contact between the electrode and the ore, and the heat generated by the arc cannot be evenly distributed to each ore particle. In this case, not only may some of the ore not be fully heated, but it is also easy to cause local overheating, resulting in a large amount of energy being wasted. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving direct current ore-fired furnace to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an energy-saving direct current ore-heating furnace, comprising an ore-heating furnace body, a furnace cover fixed to the top of the ore-heating furnace body, a furnace cover arranged above the furnace cover, a material barrel arranged above the furnace cover and located on the floor, the material barrel passes through the furnace cover and is input into the ore-heating furnace body through a feeding pipe, and ore material is input into the ore-heating furnace body, a plurality of electrode members extending into the ore-heating furnace body are arranged below the furnace cover, a transformer for generating energy required for arc for the electrode members is also arranged on one side of the furnace cover, an ore classification and feeding group is arranged in the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body, and a plurality of electrode members extending into the ore-heating furnace body are arranged below the furnace cover, a transformer for generating energy required for arc for the electrode members is also arranged on one side of the furnace cover, and an ore classification and feeding group is arranged in the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body. The ore classification and feeding component divides the inner cavity of the electric arc furnace body into two mirror-imaged first classification storage cavities and a second classification storage cavity located between the two first classification storage cavities. The first classification storage cavity and the second classification storage cavity respectively store ores of different specifications. A material turning and stone moving component is also provided in the inner cavity of the electric arc furnace body. The material turning and stone moving component applies force to the second classification storage cavity and the two first classification storage cavities to turn over the ores in the first classification storage cavity and the second classification storage cavity and adjust the spacing and positions of adjacent ores so that heat enters and contacts each ore evenly.

[0008] Preferably, in this solution, the ore classification and feeding assembly comprises ore classification plates symmetrically fixed on both sides of the inner cavity of the electric arc furnace body, and the surfaces of the two ore classification plates are densely provided with classification holes in the longitudinal direction for ores with specifications smaller than the specifications of ores in the second classification storage cavity to fall and be screened.

[0009] Preferably, each of the ore classification plates comprises, from top to bottom, a falling preliminary classification portion, a gravity release receiving portion and a flow guiding portion, the falling preliminary classification portion is inclined downward along the direction of the inner wall of the top end of the electric arc furnace body, the internal angle between the gravity release receiving portion and the falling preliminary classification portion is less than 180 degrees, and the flow guiding portion is an arc-shaped structure.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom ends of the two flow guiding portions are integrally connected together and fixed at the center of the inner bottom wall of the electric arc furnace body, and the gravity release receiving portion is used to buffer and release part of the gravity of the ore to slow down the falling speed of the ore.

[0011] Preferably, a turning shaft is installed transversely through the inner cavity of the induction furnace body, one end of the turning shaft extends to the outside of the induction furnace body and is connected to a drive motor, the drive motor is fixed on the outer wall of the induction furnace body, and the bare rods at both ends of the turning shaft are connected to the induction furnace body through sealed bearings.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material turning and stone moving assembly includes a branch shaft symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the turning shaft in each first classification storage chamber, a horizontal E-shaped turning rod welded to the free end of each branch shaft, a first swing arm welded to the outer wall of the turning shaft in the second classification storage chamber, and an anti-blocking swing curved arm symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the first swing arm.

[0013] Preferably, the two anti-blocking swing arms are respectively close to adjacent ore classification plates, and an ore falling channel for the ore to fall is provided between the anti-blocking swing arms and the adjacent ore classification plates.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting rod is welded to the free end of each E-type turning rod, and the E-type turning rod located in the upper middle part of the first classification storage chamber is connected to an elastic anti-blocking component, and the impact end of the elastic anti-blocking component is connected to the back side of the ore classification plate.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic anti-blocking assembly includes an anti-blocking impact spring fixed to the back of each ore classification plate and a rope fixed to the bottom end of the anti-blocking impact spring, and the rope is fixedly connected to the connecting rod in the upper part of the first classification storage chamber away from the bottom end of the anti-blocking impact spring.

[0016] Preferably, the two ore classification plates are provided with axial holes for the turning shaft to pass horizontally, and the turning and stone moving assembly also includes second swing arms symmetrically welded to the outer walls at both ends of the turning shaft, each of the second swing arms is respectively located in each first classification storage cavity, and the top of the second swing arm is close to the falling preliminary classification part.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The energy-saving DC submerged arc furnace divides the inner cavity of the submerged arc furnace into a first classification storage cavity and a second classification storage cavity by setting an ore classification feeding component, and stores ores of different specifications respectively. This design ensures that the arc can be generated more effectively between the electrode parts and ores of different specifications, reducing energy waste. Since the ores are stored in categories, the arc can act more concentratedly on the target ore, improving the accuracy and efficiency of energy transfer. Since the ore is heated more evenly in the submerged arc furnace, and the heat generated by the arc can fully contact each ore particle, the quality of the smelted product is more stable and the performance is more consistent. This is of great significance for improving the market competitiveness of the final product.

[0019] The application of the material turning and stone moving assembly in the inner cavity of the submerged arc furnace body enables the ore to be constantly turned and moved during the smelting process, adjusting the spacing and position of adjacent ores. This not only helps the heat to enter each ore particle evenly, but also promotes the chemical reaction inside the ore, avoids the existence of local overheating or cold zones, and thus improves the overall heating effect. As the ore is constantly turned and moved in the submerged arc furnace, the chances of collision between ore particles increase, which unexpectedly increases the degree of fracture on the ore surface, thereby increasing the number of reactive sites. This enhanced reactivity can accelerate chemical reactions in the ore and improve smelting efficiency.

[0020] The design of elastic anti-blocking components and anti-blocking swing arms effectively solves the problem of easy blockage of ore classification holes. The periodic impact action can promptly remove small particles of ore that are adhered or stuck, ensuring the smooth progress of the ore classification process and maintaining the continuity of production.

[0021] By optimizing the classification, distribution and heating process of the ore, this technical solution reduces unnecessary energy consumption. The efficient interaction between the electrode and the ore and the uniform distribution of heat greatly reduce the power required for processing each unit of ore, achieving the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the ore classification and feeding assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of two ore classification plates of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the ore falling flow channel of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the E-type tipping rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of installing the ore classification plate of the present invention in the body of the ore arc furnace;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the turning shaft and the ore classification plate of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] In the figure: 1. Submerged arc furnace body; 2. Furnace cover; 3. Furnace hood; 4. Feeding pipe; 5. Cylinder; 6. Electrode lifting plate; 7. Hydraulic station; 8. Transformer; 9. Electrode parts; 10. Inlet; 11. Driving motor; 12. Discharge pipe; 13. Turning shaft; 14. Ore classification plate; 15. Ore classification and feeding assembly; 16. Elastic anti-blocking assembly; 17. Turning and stone moving assembly; 18. First swing arm; 19. Anti-blocking swing arm; 20. Classification Through hole; 21. Falling preliminary classification part; 22. Gravity release receiving part; 23. Flow guiding part; 24. Axis hole; 25. Anti-blocking impact spring; 26. First classification storage chamber; 27. Second classification storage chamber; 28. Ore falling flow channel; 29. ​​Sealed bearing; 30. Branch shaft; 31. E-type turning rod; 32. Connecting rod; 33. Rope; 34. Second swing arm; 35. Landslide body; 36. First discharge port; 37. Second discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features well known in the art are not described.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the up, down, left, right, front, back, inside and outside directions involved in this document are based on the up, down, left, right, front, back, inside and outside directions in the figures shown in the present invention, and are explained here together.

[0034] This embodiment provides Figures 1 to 7An energy-saving DC ore-heating furnace shown in the figure comprises an ore-heating furnace body 1, a furnace cover 2 is fixed on the top of the ore-heating furnace body 1, a furnace hood 3 is arranged above the furnace cover 2, a barrel 5 is arranged above the furnace hood 3 and located on the floor, the barrel 5 passes through the furnace hood 3 through a feeding pipe 4 and is input into the ore-heating furnace body 1 for inputting ore materials into the ore-heating furnace body 1, a plurality of electrode members 9 extending into the ore-heating furnace body 1 are arranged below the furnace hood 3, a transformer 8 for generating energy required for the electrode members 9 to generate an electric arc is also arranged on one side of the furnace hood 3, an ore classification and feeding assembly 15 is arranged in the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body 1, and the ore classification and feeding assembly 15 separates the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body 1 into two mirror-image-arranged first classification storage chambers 26 and and a second classification storage chamber 27 located between the two first classification storage chambers 26. The first classification storage chamber 26 and the second classification storage chamber 27 respectively store ores of different specifications. A material turning and stone moving assembly 17 is also provided in the inner cavity of the electric arc furnace body 1. The material turning and stone moving assembly 17 applies force to the second classification storage chamber 27 and the two first classification storage chambers 26 respectively, so that the material turning and stone moving assembly 17 turns over the ores in the first classification storage chamber 26 and the second classification storage chamber 27, adjusts the spacing and positions of adjacent ores, makes heat enter and contact each ore evenly, and improves the efficiency of generating electric arc between the electrode member 9 and the ores of different specifications in the first classification storage chamber 26 and the second classification storage chamber 27.

[0035] In this embodiment, the ore classification and feeding assembly 15 includes ore classification plates 14 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the inner cavity of the ore arc furnace body 1, and the surfaces of the two ore classification plates 14 are densely provided with classification through holes 20 for ore with a specification smaller than that of the ore in the second classification storage chamber 27 to fall and be screened. The classification through holes 20 on the ore classification plates 14 play a role in preliminary screening, and larger ores will slide along the guiding flow portion 23 to the second classification storage chamber 27, while smaller ores will enter the first classification storage chamber 26 through the classification through holes 20. This classification method helps to avoid the problem of small particles of ore filling the gaps between large particles, resulting in uneven heat transfer.

[0036] In the present embodiment, each ore classification plate 14 includes, from top to bottom, a falling preliminary classification portion 21, a gravity release receiving portion 22 and a flow guiding portion 23. The falling preliminary classification portion 21 is inclined downward along the direction of the inner wall of the top end of the electric arc furnace body 1. The internal angle between the gravity release receiving portion 22 and the falling preliminary classification portion 21 is less than 180 degrees, and the flow guiding portion 23 is an arc-shaped structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, the bottom ends of the two flow guiding portions 23 are integrally connected together and fixed at the center of the inner bottom wall of the electric arc furnace body 1. The gravity release receiving portion 22 is used to buffer and release part of the gravity of the ore, slow down the falling speed of the ore, and thus help to classify and screen the ore. The arc shape of the flow guiding portion 23 helps to guide larger ores to slide down between the two flow guiding portions 23 and start to stack, while smaller ores can fall into the two first classification storage chambers 26 through the falling preliminary classification portion 21, the gravity release receiving portion 22 and the classification through holes 20 of the flow guiding portion 23, so that larger and smaller ores can be stored separately to prevent the smaller ores from easily filling the gaps of the larger ores when mixed together, so that the heat generated by the inverted arc is unevenly and insufficiently in contact with the ore, resulting in energy consumption and waste. This classification design helps to save energy.

[0038] In this embodiment, a turning shaft 13 is installed horizontally through the inner cavity of the induction furnace body 1, one end of the turning shaft 13 extends to the outside of the induction furnace body 1 and is connected to a drive motor 11, the drive motor 11 is fixed on the outer wall of the induction furnace body 1, and the two ends of the turning shaft 13 are connected to the induction furnace body 1 through sealed bearings 29.

[0039] In this embodiment, the material turning and stone moving assembly 17 includes a branch shaft 30 symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the turning shaft 13 located in each first classification storage chamber 26, a horizontal E-shaped turning rod 31 welded to the free end of each branch shaft 30, a first swing arm 18 welded to the outer wall of the turning shaft 13 located in the second classification storage chamber 27, and an anti-blocking swing arm 19 symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the first swing arm 18.

[0040] In this embodiment, the two anti-blocking swing arms 19 are respectively close to the adjacent ore classification plates 14, and there is an ore falling channel 28 between the anti-blocking swing arms 19 and the adjacent ore classification plates 14 for the ore with larger specifications to fall.

[0041] In this embodiment, the free end of each E-type turning rod 31 is welded with a connecting rod 32, and the E-type turning rod 31 located in the upper middle part of the first classification storage chamber 26 is connected to an elastic anti-blocking component 16, and the impact end of the elastic anti-blocking component 16 is connected to the back of the ore classification plate 14. The E-type turning rod 31 and the connecting rod 32 at its end can reach different corners in the electric arc furnace, so that the ore can be fully mixed, the contact area can be expanded, and the heat transfer efficiency can be improved. The anti-blocking swing arm 19 focuses on processing the ore on the surface of the ore classification plate 14 to prevent it from piling up or blocking the classification through hole 20, thereby ensuring the continuity and effectiveness of the ore classification process. The ore classification feeding component 15 not only realizes the preliminary screening and classification of the ore, but its design also promotes the guidance and transfer of heat. For example, the arc-shaped structure of the guiding flow portion 23 helps to stack large-sized ores, and can guide heat to the center of the ore to promote internal heat conduction. While turning the ore, the material turning and stone moving assembly 17 helps to push away the ore that is piled up and blocked in the classification through hole 20 through the action of the first swing arm 18 and the anti-blocking swing crank arm 19, thereby ensuring the continuity and effectiveness of the ore classification process. This ensures that the ore is always in the best state during the entire smelting process, thereby improving the overall efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, the elastic anti-blocking assembly 16 includes an anti-blocking impact spring 25 fixed to the back of each ore classification plate 14 and a rope 33 fixed to the bottom end of the anti-blocking impact spring 25. The rope 33 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 32 in the upper middle part of the first classification storage chamber 26 away from the bottom end of the anti-blocking impact spring 25. When the driving motor 11 drives the turning shaft 13 to rotate forward and reverse, each rotation is less than 180 degrees. When the turning shaft 13 swings left and right, it drives the E-type turning rod 31 to turn the ore in the first classification storage chamber 26, and the first swing arm 18 drives the anti-blocking swing arm 19 to move the ore sliding down the surface of the ore classification plate 14, and at the same time, it can push away the ore that accumulates and blocks the classification through hole 20, thereby realizing the turning of the ore in the first classification storage chamber 26 and the second classification storage chamber 27, and further adjusting the spacing and position after the ore is classified, so as to further improve the heat contact. At the same time, when the E-type turning rod 31 swings toward one side, the upper connecting rod 32 pulls the anti-blocking impact spring 25 through the rope 33. When the E-type turning rod 31 swings toward the other side (or returns), there is a process of releasing the elastic force of the anti-blocking impact spring 25. When releasing the elastic force, the anti-blocking impact spring 25 elastically impacts the back of the ore classification plate 14, so that not only the tiny ore blocked in the classification through hole 20 can be ejected, but also this vibration force can help the larger ore sliding down the surface of the ore classification plate 14 to fall quickly. This synchronous operation design of anti-blocking impact and turning improves energy efficiency. When the turning shaft 13 drives the E-type turning rod 31 to swing, the connecting rod 32 will pull the anti-blocking impact spring 25, causing it to contract and stretch periodically. When the spring returns to its original state, an impact force will be generated to help remove small particles of ore that may adhere or get stuck, ensuring the smooth progress of the ore classification process. The elastic anti-blocking assembly 16 is mainly used to prevent the ore classification through hole 20 from being blocked, but it also serves as a vibration force source on the back of the ore classification plate 14. When the E-type turning rod 31 swings, it pulls the anti-blocking impact spring 25, and then releases the elastic force to hit the ore classification plate 14, which not only clears the blockage but also assists the rapid fall of larger ores. Whenever the E-type turning rod 31 swings to one side, the upper connecting rod 32 pulls the anti-blocking impact spring 25 through the rope 33, and when the E-type turning rod 31 returns, the anti-blocking impact spring 25 releases the elastic force to hit the ore classification plate 14. This periodic action not only clears the blockage, but also provides additional vibration for the ore, promoting the flow and uniform distribution of the ore.

[0043] In this embodiment, the two ore classification plates 14 are provided with shaft holes 24 for the material turning shaft 13 to pass horizontally, and the material turning and moving stone assembly 17 also includes second swing arms 34 symmetrically welded to the outer walls of both ends of the material turning shaft 13, each second swing arm 34 is respectively located in each first classification storage cavity 26, and the top of the second swing arm 34 is close to the falling preliminary classification part 21, so that the longer second swing arm 34 can turn over the ore piled higher in the first classification storage cavity 26, thereby improving the gap and position of the ore in the upper space. The bottom end of the ore-forming furnace body 1 is provided with a discharge pipe 12, and one side of the barrel 5 is provided with a hydraulic station 7, and the bottom end of the hydraulic station 7 is connected to the electrode lifting plate 6 through a hydraulic rod, and the electrode member 9 extends to the top of the outer side above the ore-forming furnace body 1 and is installed on the bottom surface of the electrode lifting plate 6, so that the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic station 7 can drive the electrode lifting plate 6 to descend, so that the electrode lifting plate 6 drives the electrode member 9 to rise and fall in the ore-forming furnace body 1, and adjusts the height position of the electrode member 9. The bottom end of each feeding pipe 4 is provided with a feeding port 10 extending into the submerged arc furnace body 1, and the ore falls from the feeding pipe 4 and the feeding port 10 to the ore classification plate 14 in the submerged arc furnace body 1. The feeding pipe 4 and the feeding port 10, these conveying channels, ensure that the ore can be smoothly and accurately transferred from the storage area to the reaction area. In particular, the design of the feeding port 10 needs to be precisely aligned with the ore classification plate 14 to ensure that ores of different sizes can be correctly allocated to the corresponding positions, which is crucial for subsequent arc heating because it directly affects the effectiveness of heat transfer. The structural materials in the submerged arc furnace body 1 are consistent with the material of the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 It can be seen that there is a gap between the guiding flow parts 23 of the two ore classification plates 14 for the discharge of larger ores, and a second discharge port 37 is provided below the gap. The second discharge port 37 is for the larger ores to be discharged from the discharge pipe 12, and the two guiding flow parts 23 have first discharge ports 36 for the discharge of smaller ores on the opposite sides. The smaller ores are discharged from the first discharge port 36 and the discharge pipe 12. There is a valve in the discharge pipe 12, which is opened only when discharge is required and is normally closed when discharge is not required. The inner bottom wall of the ore-forming furnace body 1 is integrally formed with a centripetally inclined landslide body 35 on both sides. When discharge is required, the smaller particle size minerals in the two first classification storage chambers 26 can slide from the corresponding landslide body 35 into the discharge pipe 12.

[0045] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7When the ore falls on the two ore classification plates 14, first, the smaller-sized minerals will fall from the classification through-holes 20 into the first classification storage chamber 26, while the larger-sized minerals will follow the gravity release receiving portion 22 and the flow guide portion 23 to fall into the second classification storage chamber 27, so that ores of different specifications are classified and placed. In addition, when the classification through-holes 20 are blocked by larger-sized minerals, two methods can be used to prevent blockage and dredge. One is: when the driving motor 11 performs forward and reverse operation to drive the turning shaft 13 to swing left and right (the swing range does not exceed 180 degrees), the turning shaft 13 drives the first swing arm 18 and the anti-blocking swing crank arm 19 to swing left and right synchronously. During the swinging process of the anti-blocking swing crank arm 19, a part of the blocking material will be pushed away. The larger particle size minerals stuck in the classification through hole 20 and the other part of the minerals that cannot contact the anti-blocking swing arm 19 will be rubbed and impacted from the classification through hole 20 due to the pushing friction and impact force of the swing, so as to dredge the blocked classification through hole 20. Secondly, even if the pushing friction force cannot push the minerals away, there is still an elastic thrust upward from the lower part of the ore classification plate 14, so that the minerals blocked in the upper part of the classification through hole 20 are bounced away by this elastic thrust, and this elastic thrust is the elastic anti-blocking component 16, specifically: when the turning shaft 13 swings left and right normally, it drives the E-type turning rod 31 to swing, and the connecting rod 32 and the rope 33 will pull the anti-blocking impact spring 25 to make it contract and stretch periodically. When the spring returns to its original state, it will generate an impact force to help remove the ore that may be adhered or stuck, and ensure the smooth progress of the ore classification process. In addition, when the driving motor 11 drives the turning shaft 13 to swing left and right, it will synchronously drive the anti-blocking swing arm 19 and the anti-blocking impact spring 25, so that the two forces can synchronously apply force to the ore classification plate 14, thereby better preventing the classification through hole 20 from being blocked.

[0046] Working principle:

[0047] In this energy-saving DC ore-heating furnace, the ore is pre-screened and crushed into particles of appropriate size outside the ore-heating furnace to ensure that it meets the requirements of the ore-heating furnace. The prepared ore is loaded into the barrel 5 by a crane or other lifting equipment. The barrel 5 is located at a higher position. By gravity, the ore will naturally slide down through the feeding pipe 4 and the feeding port 10 to the inside of the ore-heating furnace body 1. The classification through holes 20 on the ore classification plate 14 will perform preliminary screening on the falling ore. The larger ore will slide directly into the second classification storage chamber 27, while the smaller ore will enter the first classification storage chamber 26 through the classification through holes 20.

[0048] The input AC power is converted into DC power through transformer 8 and supplied to the main body 1 of the ore-heating furnace. The DC current enters the charge through the electrode 9, and an arc is formed between the electrode 9 and the ore. The high temperature of the arc causes the ore to heat up and melt rapidly. At the same time, under the action of the electric field, the ions and molecules in the ore will move, thereby promoting the reaction rate and the mixing of the ore. Then, the position of the electrode 9 is adjusted by controlling the lifting of the electrode to ensure product quality and energy utilization efficiency. The position of the electrode 9 is adjusted to find the most ideal arc generation point. When a high-temperature arc is generated, the ore is heated. Since the ore has been classified and evenly distributed, the heat generated by the arc can be more effectively transferred to each ore particle, ensuring the uniformity and sufficiency of the ore heating, thereby improving the smelting efficiency and product quality.

[0049] The ore classification and feeding assembly 15 is composed of a falling preliminary classification part 21, a gravity release receiving part 22, and a flow guiding part 23, which work together to ensure that the ore reaches the target position along the predetermined path. Larger ores slide to the second classification storage chamber 27 through the flow guiding part 23, while smaller ores enter the first classification storage chamber 26 through the classification through hole 20. This classification method helps to avoid the problem of small particles of ore filling the gaps between large particles, resulting in uneven heat transfer. The design of the turning and moving assembly 17 includes an E-type turning rod 31, a branch shaft 30, a first swing arm 18, an anti-blocking swing arm 19 and a second swing arm 34, which are driven by the drive motor 11 to perform turning and moving actions, so that the ore is evenly distributed in the electric arc furnace, the contact area is expanded, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.

[0050] The turning shaft 13 is driven by the driving motor 11, driving the E-type turning rod 31 and other related components to work, helping the ore to be evenly distributed in the electric arc furnace and promoting heat conduction. In particular, the components located near the ore classification plate 14, such as the anti-blocking swing arm 19, can push away the ore that is piled up and blocking the classification through hole 20, and further optimize the ore distribution. The elastic anti-blocking component 16 includes an anti-blocking impact spring 25 and a rope 33, which are used to periodically stretch and release to prevent the ore from blocking the classification through hole 20. Whenever the E-type turning rod 31 swings to one side, the connecting rod 32 will pull the anti-blocking impact spring 25 to shrink it; when the E-type turning rod 31 swings to the other side, the spring returns to its original state and generates an impact force to remove small particles of ore that may be adhered or stuck, ensuring the smooth progress of the ore classification process.

[0051] After arc heating, the metal components in the ore melt and flow to the bottom of the submerged arc furnace body 1 under the action of gravity. The discharge pipe 12 is located at the bottom of the submerged arc furnace body 1 and is used to discharge the molten metal or waste slag after smelting. The unmelted waste slag is also discharged through the discharge pipe 12 and is subsequently processed or recycled as needed.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as one and two are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions. The sentence "includes an element defined by ... does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element".

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy-saving direct current ore-heating furnace, comprising an ore-heating furnace body (1), a furnace cover (2) being fixed at the top of the ore-heating furnace body (1), a furnace hood (3) being arranged above the furnace cover (2), a material barrel (5) being arranged above the furnace hood (3) and located on a floor, the material barrel (5) penetrating the furnace hood (3) through a feeding pipe (4) and inputting ore material into the ore-heating furnace body (1), characterized in that: A plurality of electrode members (9) extending into the ore-heating furnace body (1) are arranged below the furnace cover (3); a transformer (8) for providing the electrode members (9) with energy required to generate an electric arc is also arranged on one side of the furnace cover (3); an ore classification and feeding assembly (15) is arranged in the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body (1); the ore classification and feeding assembly (15) separates the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body (1) into two first classification storage cavities (26) arranged in a mirror image and a second classification storage cavity (27) located between the two first classification storage cavities (26); the first classification storage cavity (26) and the second classification storage cavity (27) respectively store ores of different specifications; the ore-heating furnace body (1 ) is also provided in the inner cavity of the furnace body (1), wherein the material turning and stone moving assembly (17) applies force to the second classification storage cavity (27) and the two first classification storage cavities (26), turns over the ores in the first classification storage cavity (26) and the second classification storage cavity (27), and adjusts the spacing and positions of adjacent ores so that heat enters and contacts each ore evenly, and the ore classification and feeding assembly (15) comprises ore classification plates (14) symmetrically fixed to both sides of the inner cavity of the ore-heating furnace body (1), and the surfaces of the two ore classification plates (14) are densely provided with classification through holes (20) in the longitudinal direction for ores with a smaller specification than that in the second classification storage cavity (27) to fall and be screened; A turning shaft (13) is installed transversely through the inner cavity of the electric arc furnace body (1), one end of the turning shaft (13) extends to the outside of the electric arc furnace body (1) and is connected to a drive motor (11), and the turning and stone moving assembly (17) includes a branch shaft (30) symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the turning shaft (13) located in each first classification storage cavity (26), an E-shaped turning rod (31) welded to the free end of each branch shaft (30) in a horizontal manner, a first swing arm (18) welded to the outer wall of the turning shaft (13) located in the second classification storage cavity (27), and an anti-blocking swing arm (19) symmetrically welded to the outer wall of the first swing arm (18).

2. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the ore classification plates (14) comprises, from top to bottom, a falling preliminary classification portion (21), a gravity release receiving portion (22), and a flow guiding portion (23); the falling preliminary classification portion (21) is inclined downward along the direction of the inner wall of the top end of the ore arc furnace body (1); the inner angle between the gravity release receiving portion (22) and the falling preliminary classification portion (21) is less than 180 degrees; and the flow guiding portion (23) is an arc-shaped structure.

3. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the two flow guiding portions (23) are integrally connected together and fixed to the center of the inner bottom wall of the ore arc furnace body (1); the gravity release receiving portion (22) is used to buffer and release a portion of the gravity of the ore, thereby slowing down the falling speed of the ore.

4. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving motor (11) is fixed to the outer wall of the submerged arc furnace body (1), and the polished rods at both ends of the material turning shaft (13) are connected to the submerged arc furnace body (1) via sealed bearings (29).

5. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two anti-blocking swing arms (19) are respectively close to adjacent ore classification plates (14), and an ore falling channel (28) for ore to fall is provided between the anti-blocking swing arms (19) and the adjacent ore classification plates (14).

6. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting rod (32) is welded to the free end of each of the E-type turning rods (31), and the E-type turning rods (31) located in the upper middle portion of the first classification storage chamber (26) are connected to an elastic anti-blocking component (16), and the impact end of the elastic anti-blocking component (16) is connected to the back side of the ore classification plate (14).

7. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic anti-blocking assembly (16) comprises an anti-blocking impact spring (25) fixed to the back of each ore classification plate (14) and a rope (33) fixed to the bottom end of the anti-blocking impact spring (25), wherein the rope (33) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (32) at the upper middle part of the first classification storage chamber (26) away from the bottom end of the anti-blocking impact spring (25).

8. The energy-saving DC ore-fired furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ore classification plates (14) are each provided with an axial hole (24) for the turning shaft (13) to pass horizontally, and the turning and stone moving assembly (17) further comprises a second swing arm (34) symmetrically welded to the outer wall at both ends of the turning shaft (13), each of the second swing arms (34) is respectively located in each first classification storage cavity (26), and the top end of the second swing arm (34) is close to the falling preliminary classification part (21).

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