A collaborative planning method for resource regulation at the transmission and reception ends of new energy bases with embedded hydrogen energy supply chains.

Abstract

This invention relates to a collaborative planning method for regulating resources at both the sending and receiving ends of a new energy base embedded in a hydrogen energy supply chain, belonging to the field of energy storage planning technology. It includes: constructing a construction cost model based on the power and capacity of battery energy storage, hydrogen energy storage power and capacity, and the power capacity of the sending-end electrolyzer; constructing an annual operating cost model based on the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen sources, the amount of hydrogen transported, load shedding power, and the start-up and shutdown status of the electrolyzer; constructing a carbon emission cost model based on the amount of hydrogen produced; constructing an objective function for the total cost of regulating resources with the goal of minimizing the total cost of regulating resources; and solving for the collaborative planning scheme of regulating resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base based on constraints of the hydrogen energy supply chain, the output constraints of the new energy base, and the operating constraints of the receiving-end power grid. This invention comprehensively considers the demand for regulating resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base for planning, construction, and operation, improving the utilization rate of new energy and fully leveraging the regulating role of energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage planning technology, and in particular relates to a collaborative planning method for the transmission and receiving end regulation resources of a new energy base with an embedded hydrogen energy supply chain. Background Technology

[0002] The construction of large-scale new energy power generation bases is of great significance for building a new power system and realizing energy transformation in my country. However, the output characteristics of new energy sources exhibit significant seasonality, and the transmission output of new energy bases does not perfectly match the load demand characteristics at the receiving end. This mismatch will lead to long-term power supply and demand imbalances at new energy bases. Currently, short-term energy storage methods such as electrochemical energy storage have limited regulation capabilities and are insufficient to meet cross-seasonal energy storage demands. Hydrogen energy storage, as a long-term energy storage technology, holds promise for large-scale cross-seasonal energy storage. However, existing energy storage planning studies typically only consider the regulation resource needs at the sending end of new energy bases, with less consideration given to the complementary and synergistic regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends. This results in unreasonable energy storage planning and scheduling, failing to effectively improve the utilization rate of new energy sources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a collaborative planning method for regulation resources at the sending and receiving ends of a new energy base embedded in a hydrogen energy supply chain. This method comprehensively considers the demand for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base to plan, construct, and schedule the operation of regulation resources, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of new energy while ensuring the stable and safe operation of the power grid.

[0004] This invention provides a method for coordinated planning of transmission and reception end regulation resources for new energy bases with embedded hydrogen energy supply chains, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0005] A construction cost model is constructed based on the power capacity of battery energy storage, energy storage capacity of battery energy storage, power capacity of hydrogen energy storage and power capacity of electrolyzers planned and constructed at the sending end, as well as the power capacity of battery energy storage, energy storage capacity of battery energy storage and power capacity of hydrogen energy storage planned and constructed at the receiving end.

[0006] An annual operating cost model is constructed based on the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen sources at different times of the year, the amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end, the load shedding power at the receiving end, and the start-up and shutdown status of the electrolyzer.

[0007] A carbon emission cost model is constructed based on the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen sources at different times of the year.

[0008] With the goal of minimizing the total cost of resource regulation, an objective function for regulating the total cost of resources is constructed based on a construction cost model, an annual operating cost model, and a carbon emission cost model.

[0009] Based on the constraints of the hydrogen energy supply chain, the output constraints of the new energy base, and the operation constraints of the receiving-end power grid, the objective function of the total cost of the regulation resources is solved to obtain the collaborative planning scheme of the regulation resources of the new energy base at both the sending and receiving ends.

[0010] Furthermore, the solution to the objective function of the total cost of the regulating resources based on hydrogen energy supply chain constraints, new energy base output constraints, and receiving-end grid operation constraints yields the following collaborative planning scheme for regulating resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base:

[0011] Based on historical data for each month of the year, row clustering was performed on the following data items for each month: wind power output at the sending end, photovoltaic power output at the sending end, wind power output at the receiving end, photovoltaic power output at the receiving end, electricity load, and hydrogen load, to obtain the typical daily output of each data item in each month.

[0012] Using the typical daily output of each data item each month as a set of boundary conditions, the objective function of the total cost of the regulating resources is solved based on the twelve sets of boundary conditions and the constraints throughout the year. This yields a coordinated planning scheme for regulating resources at the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base. The scheme includes the power capacity of battery energy storage, the energy storage capacity of battery energy storage, the power capacity of hydrogen energy storage, and the power capacity of electrolyzers planned and constructed at the sending end; the power capacity of battery energy storage, the energy storage capacity of battery energy storage, and the power capacity of hydrogen energy storage planned and constructed at the receiving end; the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen production sources during each period of the year; the amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end; the load shedding power at the receiving end; and the start-up and shutdown status of the electrolyzers.

[0013] Furthermore, the construction cost model is expressed as follows:

[0014] ;

[0015] in, For construction costs; and , respectively, represent the construction costs of battery energy storage and hydrogen energy storage; r is the discount rate; Y is the service life of the equipment; and These are the unit construction costs of battery energy storage power capacity and the unit construction costs of energy storage capacity, respectively. and These are the power capacities of the battery storage at the sending and receiving ends, respectively. and These are the energy storage capacities of the sending and receiving batteries, respectively. and These are the unit construction costs of electrolyzers and hydrogen storage tanks in hydrogen energy storage, respectively. and These refer to the capacities of the hydrogen storage tanks at the sending and receiving ends, respectively. The capacity of the electrolytic cell;

[0016] Furthermore, the annual operating cost model is expressed as follows:

[0017] ;

[0018] in, D is the annual operating cost; T is the set of all natural days in the planning year; and T is the set of hours within a natural day. The amount of hydrogen produced by a conventional hydrogen production source in d natural days and t hours; The amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end in d natural days and t hours; The unit cost of hydrogen production from conventional hydrogen sources; The unit transportation cost of hydrogen; Penalize costs for shirking load within a unit; The load shedding power at the receiving end; and These are the start-up and shutdown costs of the electrolytic cell, respectively, determined based on the number of times the electrolytic cell is started and shut down.

[0019] Furthermore, the carbon emission cost model is expressed as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, The amount of hydrogen produced by a conventional hydrogen production source in d natural days and t hours; Representing conventional hydrogen production sources Emission intensity; This indicates the cost of carbon trading.

[0022] Furthermore, the hydrogen energy supply chain constraints include hydrogen energy production constraints, hydrogen energy storage constraints, and hydrogen energy supply constraints; wherein hydrogen energy generation constraints include electrolyzer energy conversion constraints, electrolyzer temperature safety constraints, and electrolyzer start-up and shutdown constraints.

[0023] The power output constraints of the new energy base include power balance constraints at the sending end, power output constraints of new energy units at the sending end, operation constraints of battery storage at the sending end, and low-carbon policy constraints.

[0024] The receiving-end power grid operation constraints include receiving-end power balance constraints, receiving-end new energy unit output constraints, and receiving-end thermal power unit output constraints.

[0025] Furthermore, the start-up and shutdown constraints of the electrolytic cell are expressed as follows:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, This is a status indicator for the electrolytic cell, where 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown. and These are the minimum continuous operation time and downtime of the electrolytic cell, respectively. and These are the costs for a single start-up and shutdown of the electrolytic cell.

[0028] Furthermore, the temperature safety constraint of the electrolytic cell is expressed as follows:

[0029] ;

[0030] in, This refers to the heat energy dissipated by the electrolytic cell due to air thermal radiation and water circulation. This is the heat dissipation coefficient of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the internal temperature of the electrolytic cell; Indoor temperature; This refers to the specific heat capacity of the electrolytic cell; The heat generated by the electrolytic cell; The heat provided for the auxiliary start-up system of the electrolytic cell; and These represent the upper and lower limits of the electrolytic cell temperature, respectively; M represents a sufficiently large constant.

[0031] Furthermore, the energy conversion constraint of the electrolytic cell is expressed as:

[0032] ;

[0033] in, Indicates the hydrogen production capacity of the electrolyzer; The energy conversion efficiency of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the output power of the electrolytic cell; It has the lowest calorific value of hydrogen. This refers to the capacity of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the input power of the electrolytic cell; This is the conversion factor between the output power and input power of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the input power of the electrolytic cell; This is the coefficient between the output power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature. This is a status indicator for the electrolytic cell, where 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown. This refers to the internal temperature of the electrolytic cell; This is the coefficient between the output power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature. The heat generated by the electrolytic cell; This is the coefficient between the heat generated in the electrolytic cell and the temperature. This is the conversion coefficient between the heat generated by the electrolytic cell and the input power.

[0034] Furthermore, the constraint on the penetration rate of new energy sources is expressed as follows:

[0035] ;

[0036] in, and These represent the power generation capacity of wind farms and photovoltaic power plants, respectively; and γ represents the number of wind farms and photovoltaic power stations in the new energy base, respectively; γ represents the new energy penetration rate.

[0037] The present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0038] By taking into account the electro-hydrogen coupling of the new energy base and comprehensively considering the demand for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base, and by considering the energy conversion characteristics, temperature safety constraints, and start-up and shutdown constraints of the electrolyzer during the establishment of a conventional hydrogen energy supply chain, it is helpful to analyze the coordinated planning of power transmission and hydrogen transmission in the new energy base, improve the modeling accuracy, obtain a coordinated planning scheme for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base, give full play to the role of hydrogen energy storage and electric energy storage working together, and ensure that the power supply and demand of the new energy base reaches a balance over a long period of time.

[0039] By using monthly periods as the typical scenario division scale, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform row clustering on the data items of sending-end wind power output, sending-end photovoltaic power output, receiving-end wind power output, receiving-end photovoltaic power output, electricity load, and hydrogen load. This ensures that the target curve for typical days within the same month closely matches the curve for actual natural days, accurately corresponding to the output scenarios of wind and photovoltaic power on typical days, preserving the seasonal characteristics of wind and photovoltaic power output, and effectively improving the accuracy of solving the objective function.

[0040] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a collaborative planning method for regulation resources at the sending and receiving ends of a new energy base with an embedded hydrogen energy supply chain. The method comprehensively considers the demand for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base to plan, construct, and schedule the operation of regulation resources. The regulation resources include battery energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, and an electrolyzer at the sending and receiving ends.

[0046] The method in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S01: Construct a construction cost model based on the power capacity of the battery energy storage, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the power capacity of the hydrogen energy storage and the power capacity of the electrolyzer planned and constructed at the sending end, as well as the power capacity of the battery energy storage, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage and the power capacity of the hydrogen energy storage planned and constructed at the receiving end.

[0048] Step S02: Construct an annual operating cost model based on the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen production sources during each period of the year, the amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end, the load shedding power at the receiving end, and the start-up and shutdown status of the electrolyzer.

[0049] Step S03: Construct a carbon emission cost model based on the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen production sources in each period of the year;

[0050] Step S04: With the goal of minimizing the total cost of resource adjustment, construct an objective function for the total cost of resource adjustment based on the construction cost model, annual operating cost model, and carbon emission cost model;

[0051] Step S05: Based on the historical data of each month throughout the year, perform row clustering on each of the following data items: wind power output at the sending end, photovoltaic power output at the sending end, wind power output at the receiving end, photovoltaic power output at the receiving end, electricity load, and hydrogen load, to obtain the typical daily output of each data item in each month.

[0052] Using the typical daily output of each data item in each month as a set of boundary conditions, and based on the twelve sets of boundary conditions throughout the year, as well as the constraints of the hydrogen energy supply chain, the output constraints of the new energy base, and the operation constraints of the receiving-end power grid, the objective function of the total cost of the regulation resources is solved to obtain the collaborative planning scheme of the regulation resources of the new energy base sending and receiving ends.

[0053] The collaborative planning scheme includes: the power capacity of the battery energy storage to be planned and constructed at the sending end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the power capacity of the hydrogen energy storage, the power capacity of the electrolyzer, the power capacity of the battery energy storage to be planned and constructed at the receiving end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the power capacity of the hydrogen energy storage, the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen production sources in each period of the year, the amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end, the load shedding power at the receiving end, and the start-up and shutdown status of the electrolyzer.

[0054] This embodiment takes into account the electro-hydrogen coupling of the new energy base and comprehensively considers the demand for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base. It plans, constructs, and schedules energy storage in a coordinated manner based on the demand for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base, and obtains a coordinated planning scheme for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base. This fully leverages the regulatory role of hydrogen energy storage and electric energy storage in the grid, ensuring that the power supply and demand of the new energy base are balanced over a long period of time, and effectively improving the utilization rate of new energy while ensuring the stable and safe operation of the grid.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S01, the construction cost model is represented as follows:

[0057] ;

[0058] in, For construction costs; and , respectively, represent the construction costs of battery energy storage and hydrogen energy storage; r is the discount rate; Y is the service life of the equipment; and These are the unit construction costs of battery energy storage power capacity and the unit construction costs of energy storage capacity, respectively. and These are the power capacities of the battery storage at the sending and receiving ends, respectively. and These are the energy storage capacities of the sending and receiving batteries, respectively. and These are the unit construction costs of electrolyzers and hydrogen storage tanks in hydrogen energy storage, respectively. and These refer to the capacities of the hydrogen storage tanks at the sending and receiving ends, respectively. The capacity of the electrolytic cell;

[0059] Specifically, in step S02, the annual operating cost model is expressed as follows:

[0060] ;

[0061] in, D is the annual operating cost; T is the set of all natural days in the planning year; and T is the set of hours within a natural day. The amount of hydrogen produced by a conventional hydrogen production source in d natural days and t hours; The amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end in d natural days and t hours; The unit cost of hydrogen production from conventional hydrogen sources; The unit transportation cost of hydrogen; Penalize costs for shirking load within a unit; The load shedding power at the receiving end; and The start-up and shutdown costs of the electrolyzer are respectively determined based on the number of start-ups and shutdowns. It should be noted that, in this invention, hydrogen production sources other than those produced by electrolysis are considered conventional hydrogen production sources.

[0062] Specifically, in step S03, the carbon emission cost model is expressed as follows:

[0063] ;

[0064] in, The amount of hydrogen produced by a conventional hydrogen production source in d natural days and t hours; Representing conventional hydrogen production sources Emission intensity; This indicates the cost of carbon trading.

[0065] Specifically, in step S04, adjusting the total resource cost includes the construction cost, the annual operating cost, and the carbon emission cost; the objective function is expressed as:

[0066] ;

[0067] in To adjust the total cost of resources.

[0068] Specifically, in step S05, the hydrogen energy supply chain constraints include hydrogen energy production constraints, hydrogen energy storage constraints, and hydrogen energy supply constraints; wherein the hydrogen energy generation constraints include electrolyzer energy conversion constraints, electrolyzer temperature safety constraints, and electrolyzer start-up and shutdown constraints.

[0069] The power output constraints of the new energy base include power balance constraints at the sending end, power output constraints of new energy units at the sending end, operation constraints of battery storage at the sending end, and new energy penetration rate constraints.

[0070] The receiving-end power grid operation constraints include receiving-end power balance constraints, receiving-end new energy unit output constraints, and receiving-end thermal power unit output constraints.

[0071] Furthermore, the energy conversion constraint of the electrolytic cell is expressed as:

[0072] ;

[0073] in, Indicates the hydrogen production capacity of the electrolyzer; The energy conversion efficiency of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the output power of the electrolytic cell; It has the lowest calorific value of hydrogen. This refers to the capacity of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the input power of the electrolytic cell; This is the conversion factor between the output power and input power of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the input power of the electrolytic cell; This is the coefficient between the output power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature. This is a status indicator for the electrolytic cell, where 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown. This refers to the internal temperature of the electrolytic cell; This is the coefficient between the output power of the electrolytic cell and the temperature. The heat generated by the electrolytic cell; This is the coefficient between the heat generated in the electrolytic cell and the temperature. This is the conversion coefficient between the heat generated by the electrolytic cell and the input power.

[0074] Furthermore, during the electrolysis process, due to the thermal effect of the current and the electrochemical reaction, when the heat generated by the electrolytic cell exceeds its heat dissipation, the temperature of the electrolytic cell will rise accordingly. Excessive temperature will affect the efficiency and safety of the electrolytic cell, and will also exacerbate the wear and tear of the components. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature within a reasonable range.

[0075] The temperature safety constraint of the electrolytic cell is expressed as:

[0076] ;

[0077] in, This refers to the heat energy dissipated by the electrolytic cell due to air thermal radiation and water circulation. This is the heat dissipation coefficient of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the internal temperature of the electrolytic cell; Indoor temperature; This refers to the specific heat capacity of the electrolytic cell; The heat generated by the electrolytic cell; The heat provided for the auxiliary start-up system of the electrolytic cell; and These represent the upper and lower limits of the electrolytic cell temperature, respectively; M represents a sufficiently large constant.

[0078] Furthermore, the start-up and shutdown constraints of the electrolytic cell are expressed as follows:

[0079] ;

[0080] in, This is a status indicator for the electrolytic cell, where 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown. and These are the minimum continuous operation time and downtime of the electrolytic cell, respectively. and These are the costs for a single start-up and shutdown of the electrolytic cell. It should be noted that allowing sufficient start-up and shutdown time for the electrolytic cell helps prevent damage caused by changes in temperature and pressure.

[0081] Furthermore, while hydrogen can be stored in various ways, the basic energy storage principles remain the same. Therefore, using hydrogen storage tanks as a representative example to describe the constraints on hydrogen energy storage, we can express them as follows:

[0082]

[0083] in, and These represent the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tanks at the sending and receiving ends, respectively, for d natural days and t hours. This indicates the storage loss coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank; The amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end in d natural days and t hours; and This indicates the amount of hydrogen stored and released from the hydrogen storage tank at the sending end; and This indicates the amount of hydrogen stored and released in the receiving-end hydrogen storage tank; and These represent the capacities of the hydrogen storage tanks at the sending and receiving ends, respectively.

[0084] Furthermore, the hydrogen supply constraint is expressed as follows:

[0085] ;

[0086] in, The amount of hydrogen produced by a conventional hydrogen production source in hour t on day d; and These represent the upper and lower limits of hydrogen production from a conventional hydrogen production source per unit time, respectively. Hydrogen load.

[0087] Furthermore, the power balance constraint at the sending end is expressed as:

[0088] ;

[0089] in, and These represent the power generation capacity of the wind farm and photovoltaic power station at the sending end, i.e., the new energy base. , These are the charging power and discharging power of the battery storage in the new energy base, respectively. , and These represent the number of wind farms, photovoltaic power stations, and battery energy storage facilities in the new energy base. This refers to the input power of the electrolytic cell; This refers to the power transmitted from the new energy base.

[0090] Furthermore, the output constraint of the sending-end new energy unit is expressed as follows:

[0091] ;

[0092] in,: and These represent the capacity factors of wind farms and photovoltaic power plants, respectively. and These represent the installed capacity of existing wind farms and photovoltaic power plants, respectively.

[0093] Furthermore, the operational constraints of the sending-end battery energy storage are expressed as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] in, This indicates the SOC (State of Charge) of the battery. The charging and discharging efficiency of battery energy storage.

[0096] Furthermore, the constraint on the penetration rate of new energy sources is expressed as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, and These represent the power generation capacity of wind farms and photovoltaic power plants, respectively; and γ represents the number of wind farms and photovoltaic power stations in the new energy base, respectively; γ represents the new energy penetration rate.

[0099] Furthermore, the power balance constraint at the receiving end is expressed as:

[0100] ;

[0101] in, and These represent the power generation capacity of the wind farm and photovoltaic power station at the receiving end, respectively; This indicates the generating capacity of the receiving-end thermal power unit; and These represent the charging power and discharging power of the battery energy storage at the receiving end, respectively. For the receiving end load demand; The load shedding power at the receiving end; , , and These are wind farms, photovoltaic power plants, thermal power units, and battery energy storage systems that are part of the receiving-end power grid.

[0102] Furthermore, the output constraints of the receiving-end renewable energy units are the same as those of the sending-end renewable energy units, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] Furthermore, the output constraint of the controlled thermal power unit is expressed as follows:

[0104] ;

[0105] in, and These are the minimum and maximum output ratios of thermal power units, respectively. This refers to the capacity of the thermal power unit; This is a status indicator for the thermal power unit, where 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown. and These represent the uphill and downhill ramp rates of thermal power unit g, respectively. and These represent the minimum continuous operating and downtime of thermal power units, respectively.

[0106] Specifically, in step S05, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform row clustering on the data items of sending-end wind power output, sending-end photovoltaic power output, receiving-end wind power output, receiving-end photovoltaic power output, electricity load, and hydrogen load for each month based on historical data for each month, so as to obtain the typical daily power output of each data item in each month.

[0107] Furthermore, when solving the objective function, the typical daily output of each data item for each month is used as a set of boundary conditions. For example, a solver such as Cplex is used to solve the objective function of the total cost of the regulating resources based on twelve sets of boundary conditions throughout the year, as well as constraints on the hydrogen energy supply chain, the output of the new energy base, and the operation of the receiving-end power grid. This yields a coordinated planning scheme for regulating resources at the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base, including: the power capacity of the battery energy storage planned and constructed at the sending end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the power capacity of the hydrogen energy storage, the power capacity of the electrolyzer, the power capacity of the battery energy storage planned and constructed at the receiving end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the power capacity of the hydrogen energy storage, the amount of hydrogen produced by conventional hydrogen production sources in each period of the year, the amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end, the load shedding power at the receiving end, and the start-up and shutdown status of the electrolyzer.

[0108] This embodiment discloses a collaborative planning method for regulation resources at the sending and receiving ends of a new energy base with an embedded hydrogen energy supply chain. It comprehensively considers the demand for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base, taking into account the electro-hydrogen coupling. Simultaneously, it considers the energy conversion characteristics inside the electrolyzer, the electrolyzer temperature safety constraints, and start-up and shutdown constraints during the establishment of a conventional hydrogen energy supply chain. This accurately describes the conversion relationship between electricity and hydrogen, two heterogeneous energy sources, which helps in analyzing the collaborative planning of electricity and hydrogen transmission at the new energy base, improves modeling accuracy, and yields a collaborative planning scheme for regulation resources at both the sending and receiving ends of the new energy base. This fully leverages the synergistic effect of hydrogen and electricity storage, ensuring that the power supply and demand of the new energy base achieve balance over long time scales.

[0109] By using monthly periods as the typical scenario division scale, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to perform row clustering on the data items of sending-end wind power output, sending-end photovoltaic power output, receiving-end wind power output, receiving-end photovoltaic power output, electricity load, and hydrogen load. This ensures that the target curve for typical days within the same month closely matches the curve for actual natural days, accurately corresponding to the output scenarios of wind and photovoltaic power on typical days, preserving the seasonal characteristics of wind and photovoltaic power output, and effectively improving the accuracy of solving the objective function.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a new energy base transmission and receiving end regulation resource coordination planning device embedded in the hydrogen energy supply chain is provided. The device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor.

[0112] When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the new energy base transmission and receiving end regulation resource collaborative planning method with embedded hydrogen energy supply chain as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of electronic hardware and software. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated planning of sending and receiving end adjustment resources of a new energy base embedded with a hydrogen energy supply chain, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a construction cost model is constructed based on the power capacity of the battery energy storage planned to be constructed at the sending end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the hydrogen energy storage power capacity, and the electrolyzer power capacity, and the power capacity of the battery energy storage planned to be constructed at the receiving end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, and the hydrogen energy storage power capacity; an annual operation cost model is constructed based on the hydrogen production amount of the conventional hydrogen production source in each period of the year, the hydrogen amount transported from the sending end to the receiving end, the load shedding power of the receiving end, and the start-stop state of the electrolyzer; a carbon emission cost model is constructed based on the hydrogen production amount of the conventional hydrogen production source in each period of the year; a total adjustment resource cost objective function is constructed based on the construction cost model, the annual operation cost model, and the carbon emission cost model, with the minimum total resource cost as the target; a new energy base sending-receiving end adjustment resource collaborative planning scheme is obtained by solving the total adjustment resource cost objective function based on the hydrogen energy supply chain constraint, the new energy base output constraint, and the receiving end power grid operation constraint; the hydrogen energy supply chain constraint comprises a hydrogen energy production constraint, a hydrogen energy storage constraint, and a hydrogen energy supply constraint; the new energy base output constraint comprises a sending end power balance constraint, a sending end new energy unit output constraint, a sending end battery energy storage operation constraint, and a new energy penetration rate constraint; the receiving end power grid operation constraint comprises a receiving end power balance constraint, a receiving end new energy unit output constraint, and a receiving end thermal power unit output constraint.

2. The collaborative planning method of claim 1, wherein, The solving of the total adjustment resource cost objective function based on the hydrogen energy supply chain constraint, the new energy base output constraint, and the receiving end power grid operation constraint to obtain the new energy base sending-receiving end adjustment resource collaborative planning scheme comprises: typical daily outputs of each data item in each month are obtained by clustering the sending end wind power output, the sending end photovoltaic power output, the receiving end wind power output, the receiving end photovoltaic power output, the hydrogen energy load, and the electric energy load in each month based on historical data of each month in the whole year; a new energy base sending-receiving end adjustment resource collaborative planning scheme is obtained by solving the total adjustment resource cost objective function based on twelve sets of boundary conditions in the whole year and the constraints, and comprises the power capacity of the battery energy storage planned to be constructed at the sending end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the hydrogen energy storage power capacity, the electrolyzer power capacity, the power capacity of the battery energy storage planned to be constructed at the receiving end, the energy storage capacity of the battery energy storage, the hydrogen energy storage power capacity, the hydrogen production amount of the conventional hydrogen production source in each period of the year, the hydrogen amount transported from the sending end to the receiving end, the load shedding power of the receiving end, and the start-stop state of the electrolyzer.

3. The collaborative planning method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The construction cost model is represented as: ； wherein, is the construction cost; and are the construction cost of battery storage and hydrogen storage, respectively; r is the discount rate; Y is the equipment service life; and are the unit construction cost of power capacity and the unit construction cost of storage capacity of battery storage, respectively; and are the power capacity of battery storage at the sending end and the receiving end, respectively; and are the storage capacity of battery storage at the sending end and the receiving end, respectively; and are the unit construction cost of electrolyzer and hydrogen storage tank in hydrogen storage, respectively; and are the hydrogen storage tank capacity at the sending end and the receiving end, respectively; is the capacity of the electrolyzer.

4. The collaborative planning method of claim 3, wherein, The annual operation cost model is represented as: ； wherein, is the annual operation cost; D is the set of all natural days in a planning year; T is the set of hours in a natural day; is the amount of hydrogen produced by the conventional hydrogen production source at d natural day t hours; is the amount of hydrogen transported from the sending end to the receiving end at d natural day t hours; is the unit hydrogen production cost of the conventional hydrogen production source; is the unit hydrogen transportation cost; is the unit load shedding penalty cost; is the load shedding power of the receiving end; and are the start-up and shut-down costs of the electrolyzer, respectively, determined based on the number of start-up and shut-down times of the electrolyzer, respectively.

5. The collaborative planning method of claim 4, wherein, The carbon emission cost model is represented as: ； wherein, is the amount of hydrogen produced by the conventional hydrogen production source in d natural days t hours; represents the carbon emission intensity of the conventional hydrogen production source; emission intensity; represents the carbon trading cost.

6. The method of collaborative planning of claim 5, wherein, The electrolyzer start-stop constraint is represented as: ； wherein, is the working state flag quantity of the electrolytic cell, 1 is running, and 0 is shutdown; and are the minimum continuous running and shutdown time of the electrolytic cell, respectively; and are the single start-up and shutdown cost of the electrolytic cell, respectively.

7. The collaborative planning method of claim 6, wherein, The electrolyzer temperature safety constraint is represented as: ； wherein, Q is the amount of heat dissipated by the electrolyzer from air thermal radiation and water circulation; K is the heat dissipation coefficient of the electrolyzer; T is the internal temperature of the electrolyzer; T is the indoor temperature; C is the specific heat capacity of the electrolyzer; Q is the amount of heat generated by the electrolyzer; Q is the amount of heat provided by the electrolyzer auxiliary start-up system; and Tmax and Tmin represent the upper and lower limits of the temperature of the electrolyzer, respectively; M represents a large enough constant; S is the working state flag of the electrolyzer, 1 for running, 0 for shutdown.

8. The collaborative planning method of claim 6, wherein, The electrolyzer energy conversion constraint is represented as: ； wherein, represents the hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer; represents the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolyzer; represents the output power of the electrolyzer; represents the low heat value of hydrogen; represents the capacity of the electrolyzer; represents the input power of the electrolyzer; represents the conversion coefficient between the output power and the input power of the electrolyzer; represents the coefficient between the output power and the temperature of the electrolyzer; represents the working state flag quantity of the electrolyzer, 1 for running and 0 for shutdown; represents the internal temperature of the electrolyzer; represents the heat production amount of the electrolyzer; represents the coefficient between the heat production amount and the temperature of the electrolyzer; represents the conversion coefficient between the heat production amount and the input power of the electrolyzer.

9. The collaborative planning method of claim 6, wherein, The new energy penetration rate constraint is represented as: ； wherein, and Pw and Ppv represent the power generation of wind farms and photovoltaic power stations, respectively; and Nw and Npv represent the number of wind farms and photovoltaic power stations in the new energy base, respectively; γ represents the new energy penetration rate; Pout represents the power output of the new energy base.

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