Wireless power transmission system

Abstract

The present invention provides a novel wireless power transfer (WPT) system configured to cover a relatively large area and volume while maintaining continuous, constant, high-coupling and efficient energy transfer between a transmitter and a receiver of a wireless power supply and charging system in motion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antennas for electromagnetic field or electric field coupling between a transmitting unit and a receiving unit in a wireless power supply system. Background Art

[0002] Wireless charging technologies and systems for different types of energy are well known in the art. For example, technologies and systems such as magnetic induction, magnetic resonance, capacitive coupling, RF power transfer, ultrasound and light, all of which require proximity and alignment between the transmitter and the receiver in order to maintain efficient power transfer within a well-known, limited, defined and restricted area or volume. Although the above technologies and systems can be used to wirelessly charge and power stationary devices, these technologies and systems are not suitable for powering or charging mobile platforms in motion, such as vehicles configured to operate on land, sea, air or space, and are characterized by their ability to move or provide any form of transportation. In addition, the solutions provide perforated and discontinuous charging through the use of multiple charging pads, where due to physical limitations, the electric or magnetic field is only emitted within the dimensional boundaries of the charging pad, so strict and complete alignment is required.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a wireless powering and charging system that can cover large areas and volumes while maintaining high, strong and stable coupling between a transmitter and at least one receiver and efficient power transfer. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a novel wireless power transfer (WPT) system configured to cover a relatively large area and volume while maintaining continuous, constant, high coupling and efficient energy transfer between a transmitter and a receiver of a wireless power supply and charging system in motion. Compared to the above-mentioned prior art, in which both the transmitting and receiving antennas or coils are designed to have self-resonance at the same frequency, regardless of the presence of a complementary (second) antenna or coil, to achieve high energy transfer efficiency, the predefined resonant frequency of the disclosed spatial WPT system for wireless power transfer is designable, determined and occurs by both the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.

[0005] The present invention provides a novel near-field spatial WPT and conductor system and method that is configured to cover a relatively large area and volume while maintaining high electromagnetic (EM) coupling and high power transfer efficiency between (one or more) transmitters and (one or more) receivers as part of a mobile wireless powering and charging system.

[0006] The system includes constant and continuous EM coupling between the signal conductor, the ground conductor (all connected to the same AC power source) and the receiving antenna, thereby allowing the mobile platform to receive a substantially constant flow of power without resonances and coupling gaps along and across the path of the arrangement of the conductors.

[0007] Another advantage of the present invention is that the relationship between the receiving antenna and the transmitter conductor enables such uninterrupted substantially constant power flow without gaps in resonance and coupling for wirelessly powering or charging a mobile platform (wherein the mobile platform may be any type of movable object / vehicle, autonomous or controllable, and configured to operate on or below the ground, on or under the water, in the air, in space, etc.) The arrangement may also be configured to be flexible, whereby the position and proximity of the mobile platform relative to the transmitting conductor does not need to be strictly aligned with or overlapped by the WPT system components.

[0008] Another advantage of the present invention is that, using the same assembly of transmit antennas and conductors, the same WPT system can power more than one mobile platform simultaneously without significantly degrading the performance of the system.

[0009] Unlike the prior art, in which both transmitting and receiving antennas or coils are designed to have self-resonance at the same frequency to achieve high energy transfer efficiency, the spatial resonance system for wireless power transmission introduced in this article determines the resonant frequency determined and occurred by the transmitting antenna (continuous conductor) and the receiving antenna (receiving conductor).

[0010] According to one aspect, a near-field power system is provided, comprising: at least one AC power signal source, at least one signal conductor configured to receive an electrical signal from the power signal source and further configured to be stretched along a path, at least one ground conductor configured to communicate with the ground of the power signal source and further configured to be stretched along the path, and at least one receiving antenna connected to a receiving unit, the receiving unit being configured to be mounted on at least one mobile platform, wherein the signal conductor is configured to be set at a predefined distance from the ground conductor so as to form a designated charging volume and resonate within the charging volume.

[0011] According to some embodiments, a WPT system includes transmitting antennas and receiving antennas that maintain high coupling and energy transfer efficiency within a relatively large area and volume covered, regardless of the position, orientation, rotation, orientation, alignment, overlap, etc. of the receiving antenna relative to the transmitting antenna.

[0012] According to some embodiments, the resonance within the charging volume specifies a constant and continuous EM coupling between the signal and ground conductors and the receiving antenna.

[0013] According to some embodiments, at least one source of AC power signals is a transmitter configured to generate such a signal.

[0014] According to some embodiments, at least one source of an AC power signal is in communication with the receiving antenna, thereby modifying the functionality of other conductors accordingly.

[0015] According to some embodiments, a specified distance separating the signal conductor and the ground conductor along the path determines the size of the charging volume.

[0016] According to some embodiments, at least one mobile platform is configured to be charged by creating a wireless charging volume via constant EM coupling by a receiving antenna connected to a receiving unit.

[0017] According to some embodiments, at least one mobile platform is stationary within the charging volume.

[0018] According to some embodiments, at least one signal conductor is configured to be placed between at least two ground conductors, and wherein the conductors are configured to be spaced a specified distance along the path.

[0019] According to some embodiments, the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted on a ground plane.

[0020] According to some embodiments, at least one signal conductor and at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted below a ground plane.

[0021] According to some embodiments, the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted on a vertical surface.

[0022] According to some embodiments, the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted on a moving object.

[0023] According to some embodiments, the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be made of a conductive material having a thickness of 50-150 microns.

[0024] According to some embodiments, at least one signal conductor and / or at least one ground conductor is an elongated sheet-like conductor.

[0025] According to some embodiments, at least one signal conductor and / or at least one ground conductor has a circular cross-section.

[0026] According to some embodiments, a receiving antenna connected to the receiving unit is mounted on the mobile platform, and wherein the receiving antenna is configured to maintain continuous EM coupling with at least one signal conductor and at least one ground conductor during operation or movement along or across the path.

[0027] According to some embodiments, a receiving antenna is mounted on a mobile platform and maintains constant and continuous EM coupling with at least one signal conductor and at least one ground conductor while moving close to the path but not necessarily aligned with the path.

[0028] According to some embodiments, if the receive antenna remains within the charging volume, the receive antenna is configured to maintain constant and continuous EM coupling with the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor.

[0029] According to some embodiments, an operationally constant and continuous EM coupling is maintained with at least one signal conductor and at least one ground conductor by a height control device.

[0030] According to some embodiments, at least one receiving antenna may be mounted on any section of the mobile platform.

[0031] According to some embodiments, the mobile platform is an autonomous vehicle configured to move along or across a path.

[0032] According to some embodiments, an autonomous vehicle is a logistics vehicle configured to move within an operating environment.

[0033] According to some embodiments, the mobile platform is an electric vehicle (EV) configured to remain fully operable while charging.

[0034] According to some embodiments, at least one signal conductor or at least one ground conductor is configured to have different dimensions along its length to provide adaptive resonance and EM coupling capabilities.

[0035] According to some embodiments, the different dimensions are at least one non-parallel section forming part of at least one signal conductor and / or at least one ground conductor.

[0036] According to some embodiments, multiple segments of signal conductors and ground conductors are placed in a continuous manner along the path.

[0037] According to some embodiments, the multiple segments of signal conductors and ground conductors are placed in a continuous manner in the width direction of the path.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the WPT system will only resonate at a predefined frequency when the receiving antenna is present within the predefined charging volume. In order to achieve this resonance condition, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna need to have a mutual electromagnetic influence that causes this resonance.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna of the novel WPT system maintain similar resonance conditions if the receiving antenna is present within the charging volume and there are no restrictions or requirements on the position, orientation, rotation, alignment, overlap, placement, etc. of the transmitting antenna. In other words, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, when the receiving antenna is located within the predefined charging volume, the novel WPT system maintains a spatial resonance condition between the transmitting antenna and at least one receiving antenna at a predefined frequency for any placement, orientation, rotation, alignment, overlap, etc.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the resonant conditions of the novel WPT system reflect high coupling coefficients and efficient wireless power transfer between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna for arbitrary placement, orientation, orientation, rotation, overlap, alignment, etc. when the receiving antenna is located within a predefined charging volume.

[0041] According to some embodiments, EM resonance may be created only when a mobile platform with a receiving antenna is present within the designated charging volume.

[0042] According to some embodiments, a plurality of EM resonances are created for each of at least two mobile platforms having a receiving antenna and moving along a path.

[0043] According to some embodiments, the transmitting antenna can be coupled to one or more receiving antennas of the WPT system and power multiple wireless consumers. In this case, and according to some embodiments, multiple EM resonances are created for each of at least two receiving antennas located within the designated charging volume of the WPT system, which means that the transmitting antenna is electromagnetically coupled with the at least two receiving antennas, and power is wirelessly transmitted from the transmitting antenna to the at least two receiving antennas, wherein the WPT system acts as a wireless power distributor.

[0044] According to a second aspect, a method for using a near-field power system is provided, the method comprising the following steps: providing an AC power signal generated by at least one transmitter; transmitting the AC power signal to at least one signal conductor when at least one ground conductor is in ground communication with the transmitter; wherein both conductors are configured to extend along a path and be arranged at a predefined distance from each other; providing wireless power to at least one receiving antenna connected to at least one receiving unit (rectifier), the receiving antenna being configured to be mounted on at least one mobile platform and to power or charge at least one mobile platform; forming an electromagnetic (EM) resonance between at least one signal conductor together with at least one ground conductor and the receiving antenna, and creating a constant and continuous EM coupling between the signal conductor together with the ground conductor and the receiving antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Examples of embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same structures, elements or parts that appear in more than one drawing are generally marked with the same numbers in all drawings in which they appear. The sizes of the parts and features shown in the figures are generally selected for convenience and clarity and are not necessarily to scale. Many of the drawings presented are in the form of schematic diagrams, and therefore, for clarity of illustration, some elements may be greatly simplified or not drawn to scale. These drawings are not intended to be production drawings. These drawings are listed below.

[0046] Figure 1 A top view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system transmit antenna is shown.

[0047] Figure 2 At least one embodiment of WPT system transmit antenna size parameters is shown.

[0048] Figure 3A-3D A general rear view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system transmit antenna is shown.

[0049] Figure 4A-4B A top view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 200 is shown having transmit antennas 100 of various lengths.

[0050] Figure 5A-Figure 5B A side view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 200 coupling and wireless power transmission is shown with transmit antennas 100 of various lengths.

[0051] Figure 6 A top view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 200 is shown having a transmit antenna 100 having a length L2.

[0052] Figure 7 A side view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 200 coupling and wireless power transmission is shown with a transmit antenna 100 having a length L2.

[0053] Figure 8A-8B A top view of at least one embodiment of a novel WPT system 300 coupling and wireless power transmission is shown with a transmit antenna 2000 having a length L2.

[0054] Fig. 9 A side view of at least one embodiment of a novel WPT system 300 coupling and wireless power transmission is shown with a transmit antenna 2000 having a length L2.

[0055] Fig.10 A top view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system transmit antenna 100 having a length L1 is shown.

[0056] Figure 11A-11BA side view of at least one embodiment of the field distribution and phase of a WPT system transmit antenna 100 having a length L1 is shown.

[0057] Fig.12 A top view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system transmit antenna 100 having a length L2 is shown.

[0058] Figure 13A-13B A side view of at least one embodiment of the field distribution and phase of a WPT system transmit antenna 100 having a length L2 is shown.

[0059] Fig.14 Shows Figure 13A-13B A side view of at least one embodiment of the novel WPT system described in.

[0060] Figure 15A-15B A top view of at least one embodiment of a novel WPT system transmit antenna 3000 is shown.

[0061] Figure 16A-16B A side view of at least one embodiment of the field distribution and phase of a novel WPT system transmit antenna 3000 having a length L2 is shown.

[0062] Figure 17A-17B A top view of at least one embodiment of a novel WPT system 400 is shown.

[0063] Fig.18 A side view of at least one embodiment of a novel WPT system 400 is shown.

[0064] Figure 19A-19B Bottom and side views of at least one embodiment of a novel receiving antenna 210 for a WPT system are shown.

[0065] Figures 20A-20F Side and bottom views of at least one embodiment of novel receive antenna 210 parameters for a WPT system are shown.

[0066] Figure 21A-21G Side and bottom views of at least one embodiment of a novel receive antenna 210 variation for a WPT system are shown.

[0067] Figure 22A-22B A top view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 500 with transmit antennas 100 of various lengths and identical receive antennas 210 is shown.

[0068] Figure 23A-23B A side view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 500 coupling and wireless power transmission is shown with various lengths of transmit antennas 100 and identical receive antennas 210 .

[0069] Figure 24A-24B A side view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 500 is shown, presenting simultaneous coupling and wireless power transfer with a transmit antenna 100 and receive antennas 210 to 240 having various lengths.

[0070] It should be clear that the embodiments and the description of the drawings set forth in this specification are only used to better understand the present invention and do not limit its scope. It should also be clear that those skilled in the art may adjust or modify the drawings and the above embodiments after reading this specification, and these adjustments or modifications will still be covered by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The present invention provides a near-field spatial WPT system to maintain high, continuous and constant coupling and energy transfer efficiency between the transmitter and receiver of a moving or stationary wireless power supply and charging system, and cover a relatively large area and volume, regardless of the length of the transmitting antenna and the specified charging volume. The transmitting antenna length is proportional to the resonant frequency and wavelength of the WPT system. In order to maintain the same coupling conditions for transmitting antennas of arbitrary and various lengths, it is necessary to maintain the same coupling coefficient and power transmission conditions of the WPT system.

[0072] In other words, the WPT system needs to resonate at the same predefined frequency by maintaining the same coupling and power transfer efficiency with the same receiving antenna for any transmit antenna length, regardless of the number or order of quarter wavelengths of the resonant frequency.

[0073] Embodiments of the present invention provide a constant and continuous charging / powering WPT system for mobile platforms in motion or at rest located within various predefined relatively large charging areas or charging volumes.

[0074] The mobile platform can be any type of movable object / vehicle, autonomous or controllable, and configured to operate on the ground or underground, on or under water, in the air, in space, etc.

[0075] Embodiments of the present invention provide greater power for an antenna coverage area and volume than existing coils or antennas of other technologies.

[0076] Embodiments of the present invention provide power for devices without batteries or any other charging device or mobile or movable device that limits battery usage.In at least one embodiment, the transmit antenna conductor of the novel near-field spatial WPT system may be meandering or partially meandering.

[0077] Figure 1A top view of the signal conductor 101 and the conductor ground 102A and the ground conductor 102B of the transmit antenna 100 of the novel WPT system is shown.

[0078] Figure 2 At least one embodiment of the dimension parameters of the transmitting antenna 100 of the novel spatial WPT system is shown. The dimension parameters of the antenna conductor 101 and the ground conductors 102A and 102B will determine the covered charging and powering area, the covered charging and powering volume, the field line distribution, etc. for a given frequency, and vice versa, and the parameters are:

[0079] Wf——Signal conductor 101 width.

[0080] Lf——Length of signal conductor 101.

[0081] Tf——thickness of signal conductor 101.

[0082] Wg1——Width of ground conductor 102A.

[0083] Lg1——Length of grounding conductor 102A.

[0084] Tg1——Thickness of ground conductor 102A.

[0085] Wg2——Width of ground conductor 102B.

[0086] Lg2——Length of grounding conductor 102B.

[0087] Tg2——Thickness of ground conductor 102B.

[0088] D1.1; D1.N—the distance between the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102A.

[0089] D2.1; D2.N - the distance between the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102B.

[0090] Hrel1.1; Hrel1.N—relative height between the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102A.

[0091] Hrel2.1; Hrel2.N—relative height between the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102B.

[0092] Z1.1; Z1.N - impedance between the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102A.

[0093] Z1.1; Z1.N - impedance between the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102B.

[0094] Figure 3A-3DA rear view of at least one embodiment of a novel spatial WPT system transmitting antenna 100 is shown, wherein the transmitting antenna 100 has a Figure 2 A flat signal conductor 101 and flat ground conductors 102A and 102B, and Figure 2 B shows a linear signal conductor 101 and linear ground conductors 102A and 102B. Figure 2 C and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 3D , the transmitting antenna 100 of the novel space WPT system of at least one embodiment will include a flat or linear signal conductor 101 and only one flat or linear ground conductor 102. In at least one embodiment, the connector of the transmitting antenna 100 of the novel space WPT system is a combination of flat, linear, circular or any other cross-sectional shapes.

[0095] Figure 4A-4B FIG. 1 shows a top view of a signal conductor 101 and a conductor ground 102 of a transmitting antenna 100 and a receiving antenna 110 of a novel WPT system. Figure 4A A transmitting antenna of length L1 is presented, and Figure 4B A transmit antenna 100 with L3 is presented. FIG. 4 - Fig. 9 The receiving antenna 110 of the WPT system presented in is the same antenna.

[0096] Figure 5A-Figure 5B A side view of the WPT system 200 resonating and transmitting power at a predefined frequency is shown. Resonance occurs only when the receiving antenna 110 is present within the charging volume. As a result, high coupling and efficient power transfer 2101 occurs between the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 110 of the WPT system 200. In some embodiments of the present invention, when the same receiving antenna 110 is present within the predefined charging volume along the direction P and across the direction P, Figure 5A-Figure 5B The system 200 presented in FIG. 2 resonates at the same frequency for two transmitting antennas of length L1 and L3, and maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency. In some embodiments of the present invention, the WPT system will resonate at the same frequency for any transmitting antenna of length Nλ / 4m, and maintain the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency, where λ is the wavelength of the predefined resonant frequency of the system 200, and N=1, 3... is the number of quarter wavelengths or odd orders.

[0097] In other words, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 Under the same size parameters as described in, where only the length parameter is different, the resonance condition between the receiving antenna 110 and the transmitting antenna and the wireless power transmission efficiency remain the same, where the length L of the antenna is approximately on the order of Nλ / 4, where N=1, 3…

[0098] In some embodiments of the present invention, for any transmitting antenna of length about Mλ / 4, the WPT system resonates at the same frequency and maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency, where λ is the wavelength of the predefined resonant frequency of the wireless power transmission system, and M=2,4… is the number of quarter wavelengths or an even order. In other words, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, in Figure 2 Under the same size parameters as described above, where only the length parameter is different, the resonance condition between the receiving antenna 110 and the transmitting antenna and the wireless power transmission efficiency remain the same, where the antenna length L is approximately in the order of Mλ / 4, where M=2,4…. For example, Figure 5A and Figure 5B It is presented that the length L1 of the transmitting antenna 100 is equal to 1λ / 4 and L3 is equal to 3λ / 4.

[0099] Figure 6 A top view of a signal conductor 101 and a conductor ground 102 of a transmitting antenna 100 of a WPT system and a receiving antenna 110 is shown, wherein the receiving antenna 110 is the same as that present in the previous figures. Figure 6 A transmitting antenna having the same dimensional parameters as described in FIGS. 4-5 is presented, differing only in the length parameter, where L2 is equal to 2λ / 4.

[0100] Figure 7 A side view of the resonance and power transmission of the WPT system 200 at a predefined frequency is shown, where the length of the transmitting antenna 100 is L2. As shown in the figure, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the WPT system presented in Figures 4-5 does not resonate when the length of the transmitting antenna 100 is within the range of Mλ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the resonant frequency of the system 200, and M=2,4... is the number and even order of quarter wavelengths λ / 4. As a result, there is no condition for creating coupling and wireless power transmission between the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 110.

[0101] Figure 8A-8B Some embodiments of the present invention are presented, and a top view of the signal conductor 201 and the conductor ground 202 of the transmitting antenna 2000 and the receiving antenna 110 of the spatial WPT system 300 is shown, wherein the receiving antenna 110 is the same as the antenna presented in the previous figures, and the length of the transmitting antenna is L2, as shown in the previous figures.

[0102] Fig. 8ASome embodiments of a novel spatial WPT system of the present invention with a transmitting antenna 2000 are presented. As shown in the figure, the signal conductor 201 and the ground conductor 202 are designed in such a way that on the one hand the required conductor length Lcond required for the WPT system to resonate at a predefined frequency is maintained, and on the other hand the transmitting antenna length Lant=L2 is shorter, where Lcond=L3 in this example. Fig. 8A As shown, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the length Lcond of the signal conductor 201 and the ground conductor 202 is equal to the transmitting antenna length Lant and the length Lcs of the conductor stub. This means that Lcond201=Lant+Lcs2011 and Lcond202=Lant+Lcs2021. According to this example, where Lant=L2 and Lcond=L3, Lcs=L3-L2. According to some embodiments of the present invention, Lcs2011 and Lcs2021 have the same length. According to some embodiments of the present invention, Lcs2011 and Lcs2021 have different lengths. In other words, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, a transmitting antenna 2000 of any length can be used regardless of the number or order of the quarter wavelength λ / 4 of the resonant frequency, while the WPT system 300 maintains the same resonant condition at a predefined frequency. According to some embodiments of the present invention, by using the transmitting antenna 2000 , when the same receiving antenna 110 exists in the predefined charging volume, the WPT system 300 maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency along the direction P and across the direction P regardless of the length of the transmitting antenna 2000 .

[0103] This is in contrast to the situation described in FIGS. 4-5 , where the system 200 resonates only in antenna lengths L1 and L3, but not in L2. When the same receiving antenna 110 is present in the predefined charging volume, Fig. 8A and Figure 8B The novel WPT system 300 presented in maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transfer efficiency along and across directions P for any various antenna lengths Lant for a predefined resonant frequency. Continuing with the previous example, the WPT system 300 can now resonate at antenna lengths L1, L2, and L3. Figure 8B Some embodiments of the present invention are presented in which the transmit antenna 2000 of the novel WPT system 300 can have any desired length regardless of the number or order of quarter wavelengths (λ / 4) by maintaining the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transfer efficiency along direction P and across direction P for various actual transmit antenna 2000 lengths for predefined resonant frequencies.

[0104] like Figure 8BAs shown, the signal conductor 201 and the ground conductor 202 are designed in such a way that on the one hand the required conductor length Lcond required for the WPT system to resonate at a predefined frequency is maintained, and on the other hand the transmitting antenna length Lant=L2 is shorter, where Lcond=L3 in this example. Figure 8B As shown, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the length Lcond of the signal conductor 201 and the ground conductor 202 is equal to the transmission antenna length Lant and the electrical length LIcc of the conductor LC circuit. This means that Lcond201=Lant+LIcc2111, and Lcond202=Lant+LIcc2121. According to this example, where Lant=L2 and Lcond=L3, the electrical length LIcc of the conductor LC circuit is L3-L2. According to some embodiments of the present invention, LIcc2111 and LIcc2121 have the same electrical length.

[0105] According to some embodiments of the present invention, LIcc2111 and LIcc2121 have different electrical lengths. Figure 8B As shown, the length Lant of the transmitting antenna 2000 is L2, where the LC circuit 2111 of the signal conductor 201 and the ground conductor 202 are connected to other LC circuits 2121. By changing the parameters of the LC circuits 2111 and 2121 regarding the lengths of the signal conductor 201 and the ground conductor 202, respectively. For example, the electrical length Lond of the signal conductor 201 and the electrical length Lond of the signal conductor 202 are equal to L3, where the length of the actual transmitting antenna 2000 is L2. In some embodiments of the present invention, each transmitting antenna conductor may have a different L length.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present invention, each conductor of the transmitting antenna 2000 may have different parameters set in each LC circuit. In some embodiments of the present invention, each LC circuit end may be open, short, LC2111 connected to LC2121, or a combination thereof.

[0107] Fig. 9 Some embodiments of the present invention are presented and shown Figure 8A-8B 1 shows a side view of a novel WPT system 300 with a transmitting antenna having a length Lant = L2 at a resonant condition and power transmission at a predefined frequency. Resonance occurs only when the receiving antenna 110 is present within the charging volume. Fig. 9 As shown, and according to one embodiment of the present invention, regardless of the number or order of the quarter wavelengths of the resonant frequency, the novel WPT system resonance conditions remain the same along direction P and across direction P for the same receiving antenna 110 and with any length of the transmitting antenna 2000.

[0108] Fig.10 A top view of the phase of the signal conductor 101 and the conductor ground 102 of the transmitting antenna 100 of the novel WPT system along the moving direction P over the antenna and a specified volume length L1 is shown.

[0109] Figure 11A-11B A side view of the phase and field distribution of the signal conductor 101 and the conductor ground 102 of the transmitting antenna 100 of the WPT system along the moving direction P on the antenna and the specified volume length L1 is shown, where L1 is equal to or less than the resonant frequency λ / 4. As shown in the figure, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the phase and field distribution 1011 on the signal conductor 101 is maintained along and across the movement in the direction P and on the transmitting antenna or the specified volume length L1, and the opposite field distribution and phase 1012 are maintained along and across the direction P and on the transmitting antenna or the specified volume length on the ground conductor 102 of the transmitting antenna.

[0110] Fig.12 FIG. 1 shows a top view of a signal conductor 101 and a conductor ground 102 of a transmitting antenna 100 of a WPT system, wherein moving along a direction P on the antenna and a specified volume length L2. Where L2 is approximately equal to 3λ / 4. According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, and as Fig.12 and the following Figure 13A-13B As shown, the phase and field distribution conditions along and across the transmit antenna and the specified volume length L are similar in direction P as follows:

[0111] For n=1, 3, ... and m=2, 4, ..., the phase and field conditions on the signal conductor 101 in the segment nλ / 4 are the same as the phase and field conditions on the segment mλ / 4 of the ground conductor 102. And for n=1, 3, ... and m=2, 4, ..., the phase and field conditions on the signal conductor 101 in the segment mλ / 4 are the same as the phase and field conditions on the segment nλ / 4 of the ground conductor 102.

[0112] Figure 13A-13B A side view of the phase field distribution of the signal conductor 101 and the conductor ground 102 of the transmitting antenna 100 of the WPT system along the moving direction P on the antenna and the specified volume length L2 is shown, where L2 is equal to 3 / 4 of the wavelength of the resonant frequency. As shown in the figure, according to at least some embodiments of the present invention, the phase and field distribution on the signal conductor 101 change along the movement in the direction P and on the transmitting antenna or the specified volume length L2, and the opposite field distribution and phase change on the transmitting antenna ground conductor 102 along the direction P and on the transmitting antenna or the specified volume length.

[0113] like Fig.13AAs shown, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the phase and field distribution on the signal conductor 101 vary according to λ\4. As shown, in segments L21 and L23, where L21 is a segment of 0 to λ / 4m, and L23 is a segment of 2λ\4 to 3λ\4, the phase and field distribution 10111 and 10113 are similar on the signal conductor 101 and are maintained along and across the movement in the direction P and over a specified volume length L2 in the transmitting antenna or segments L21 and L23.

[0114] Fig.13A Also presented in FIG. 1 are the opposite field distributions and phases 10112 on the signal conductor 101, which are maintained along and across the movement in the direction P and over a specified volume length L2 in the transmit antenna or section L22 (λ / 4m to 2λ / 4m).

[0115] exist Fig. 13B In the embodiment of the present invention, the phase and field distribution on the ground conductor 102 are opposite to those on the signal conductor 101 and also vary according to λ\4. As shown in the figure, in the segments L21 and L23, where L21 is a segment from 0 to λ / 4m and L23 is a segment from 2λ\4 to 3λ\4m, the phase and field distribution 10211 and 10213 are similar on the signal conductor 101 and are maintained along and across the movement in the direction P and over a specified volume length L2 in the transmitting antenna or segments L21 and L23.

[0116] Fig. 13B Also presented in FIG. 1 is an opposite field distribution and phase 10212 on the signal conductor 102, which moves along and across the direction P and is maintained over a specified volume length L2 in the transmitting antenna or segment L22 (λ / 4m to 2λ / 4m). The result of this phase and field distribution moving along the direction P and changing over the transmitting antenna or the specified volume length L2 results in inconsistent coupling conditions along L2, and therefore, the wireless power transfer efficiency also changes accordingly. This means that the coupling and resonance conditions represented by the phase and field distribution 2101 change along the direction P within the specified charging volume, as shown in FIG. Fig.14 shown.

[0117] like Figure 12-Figure 1 3 and according to some embodiments of the present invention, in order to maintain the same phase and coupling conditions, the movement in the direction P requires a nonlinear movement in the direction P, which means that the receiving antenna (not shown) needs to be shifted on the signal conductor 101 and the ground conductor 102 for every λ / 4m (of the wavelength of the resonant frequency).

[0118] In other words, the mobile platform (containing the receiving antenna - not shown) will have to move with repeated bending movements (turns) in direction P in order to receive constant and continuous wireless energy from the transmitting antenna of the WPT system.

[0119] Figure 15A-15B Some embodiments of the present invention are presented, and a top view of a signal conductor 301 and a conductor ground 302 of a transmit antenna 3000 is shown, along with a direction P of movement over the antenna and a specified volume length L2. Where L2 is equal to ~3λ / 4. As shown and in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, the movement of the signal conductor 301 and the conductor ground 302 of the transmit antenna 3000 along the direction P and over the transmit antenna or the specified volume length L2, the physical shift is repeated once every quarter wavelength of the resonant frequency.

[0120] Angles a and b present the offset angles of the signal conductor 301 and the ground conductor 302 of the transmitting antenna 3000, wherein angle a presents the turn offset angle and angle b presents the return offset angle. In some embodiments of the present invention, the turn offset angle and the return offset angle may be similar. In some embodiments of the present invention, the turn offset angle a and the return offset angle b of the signal conductor 301 and the ground conductor 302 may be similar.

[0121] Figure 16A-16B Some embodiments of the present invention are presented and a side view of the phase field distribution of the signal conductor 301 and the conductor ground 302 of the transmitting antenna 3000 along the moving direction P over the antenna and a specified volume length L2 is shown, where L2 is equal to 3λ / 4m of the resonant frequency wavelength.

[0122] like Figure 15A-15B As shown, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the repeated physical shifting of each quarter wavelength along the transmit antenna 3000 creates a condition where the phase and field distribution on the transmit antenna 3000 moves along the direction P and is maintained over the transmit antenna or a specified volume length L2, as shown in FIG. Figure 16A-16B What is presented.

[0123] like Figure 16A-16B As shown, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the phase and field distribution on the transmitting antenna 300 in the direction P no longer vary according to λ\4.

[0124] As shown, in sections L21, L22 and L23, the phase and field distribution 20111, 20112 and 20113 of the signal conductor 301 and the phase and field distribution 20211, 20212 and 20213 of the ground conductor 302 are similar and are maintained along the movement in the direction P and on the transmitting antenna 3000 or the specified volume length L2.

[0125] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the movement along direction P and the result of this phase and field distribution being maintained over the transmitting antenna 3000 or the specified volume length L2 result in a constant and continuous coupling condition along L2, and therefore, the wireless power transfer efficiency remains high and stable, as presented in the following figure.

[0126] Figure 17A-17B Some embodiments of the present invention are presented, and a top view of a WPT system 400 is shown. As shown, the WPT 400 includes a transmitting antenna 3000 and a receiving antenna 110. Once the receiving antenna 110 is present within the predefined charging volume, the system 400 resonates at a predefined frequency due to the strong coupling condition that occurs between the transmitting antenna 3000 and the receiving antenna 110. Figure 12-14 The opposite condition is described in Figure 12-14 The resonance and coupling conditions vary within a given charging volume with respect to the position of the receiving antenna 110 in the direction P, Figure 17A-17B The resonance and coupling states of the WPT system 400 shown in FIG. 4 are unchanged and remain stable along the direction P within the charging volume.

[0127] Fig.18 At least one embodiment of the present invention is presented and a side view of a WPT system 400 is shown. The receiving antenna 110 is located within the designated charging volume. As a result, the WPT system 400 begins to resonate at a predefined frequency due to the strong coupling condition that occurs between the transmitting antenna 3000 and the receiving antenna 110. Fig.18 As shown, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the coupling and resonance conditions of the WPT system 400 represented by the phase and field distribution 3101 are constant along and across the direction P within the specified charging volume. This means that the same amount of wireless energy is continuously, continuously and efficiently transferred from the transmitting antenna 3000 to the receiving antenna 110.

[0128] Figures 19-21 present examples of receiving antennas for novel WPT systems. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the receiving antenna of the WPT system can have any shape, structure and size, and when present in a specified and predefined charging volume, create a resonant condition with the WPT system transmitting antenna at a predefined frequency.

[0129] Figure 19A-19B Bottom and side views of a receiving antenna 210 of the novel WPT system with a signal conductor 211 and a ground conductor 212 are shown. Fig.19A A bottom view is presented, and Fig.19B A side view is presented.

[0130] Figure 20A-Figure 20EA side view and a bottom view of at least one embodiment of the parameters of the receiving antenna 210 are shown. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the WPT system resonates only at a predefined frequency when the receiving antenna 210 is present within the predefined charging volume. In order to achieve this resonant condition, the receiving antenna 210 and the transmitting antenna need to have a mutual electromagnetic influence that causes this resonance.

[0131] According to one embodiment of the present invention, if the receiving antenna 210 exists within the charging volume and there are no restrictions or requirements on the position, orientation, rotation, alignment, overlap, placement, etc. of the transmitting antenna, the novel WPT system receiving antenna 210 and the transmitting antenna maintain similar resonance conditions. In other words, according to some embodiments of the present invention, when the receiving antenna 210 is located within the predefined charging volume, the novel WPT system maintains a spatial resonance condition between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna at a predefined frequency regardless of the placement, orientation, rotation, overlap, alignment, etc.

[0132] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the receiving antenna 210 is located within the predefined charging volume, the resonant condition of the novel WPT system reflects a high coupling coefficient and efficient wireless power transmission between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna 210, regardless of placement, orientation, orientation, rotation, overlap, alignment, etc.

[0133] Figure 20A-20B Dimensions and parameters are presented for the receive antenna 210 and signal conductor 211. The parameters include the length, width and thickness (Ln, Wn, Tn) of each conductor segment and the relative angle (αm), height (DcpZn) and distance (Dacp) of adjacent conductor segments.

[0134] According to one embodiment of the present invention, by changing the conductor segment parameters, such as the length, width and thickness (Ln, Wn, Tn) of each conductor segment and the relative angle (αm), height distance (DcpZn) and distance (Dacp) of adjacent conductor segments of the signal conductor 211, the resonance condition of the WPT system for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted, set, etc.

[0135] Figure 20C-Figure 20F The dimensions and parameters set for the ground conductor 212 of the receiving antenna 210 are presented, as well as the relative placement of the antenna conductor 211 and the ground conductor 212. The parameters include the length, width and thickness (Lg, Wg, Tg) of the ground conductor 212, and the relative angle (β), height (DagZ) and plane distance (DagX and DagY) to the signal conductor 211.

[0136] According to one embodiment of the present invention, by changing the length, width and thickness (Lg, Wg, Tg) parameters of the receiving antenna 210 and the ground conductor 212, the resonance condition of the WPT system for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted, set, etc. According to one embodiment of the present invention, by changing the relative angle (β), height (DagZ) and plane distance (DagX and DagY) of the receiving antenna 210 and the ground conductor 212 and the signal conductor 211, the resonance condition of the WPT system for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted, set, etc.

[0137] According to one embodiment of the present invention, by changing the length, width and thickness (Lg, Wg, Tg) parameters and the relative angle (β), height (DagZ) and plane distance (DagX and DagY) of the receiving antenna 210 and the ground conductor 212 to the signal conductor 211, the resonance condition of the WPT system for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted, set, etc.

[0138] According to one embodiment of the present invention, by changing the conductor segment parameters, such as the length, width and thickness (Ln, Wn, Tn) of each conductor segment and the relative angle (αm), height distance (DcpZn) and distance (Dacp) of the adjacent conductor segment with the signal conductor 211, and by changing the length, width and thickness (Lg, Wg, Tg) of the ground conductor 212 of the receiving antenna 210, and by changing the relative angle (β), height (DagZ) and plane distance (DagX and DagY) between the signal conductor 211 and the ground conductor 212 of the receiving antenna 210, the resonance condition of the WPT system for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted, set, etc.

[0139] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the input RF power port that transmits receive power from the receive antenna 210 to the receive unit and rectifier (not shown) can be connected to any location on any conductor segment of the signal conductor 211 and the ground conductor 212 of the receive antenna 210.

[0140] Reference now Figure 21A-21G , which shows several variations of the receiving antenna 210 of the novel WPT system. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conductor segment of the signal conductor 211 can have any shape, structure and size, which creates a resonant condition with the transmitting antenna at a predefined frequency when present in a specified and predefined charging volume.

[0141] like Fig.21A As shown, the configuration of conductor segments may be arranged in any sequential order to create any form of configuration of signal conductor 211 .

[0142] Figure 21B-Figure 21CSome embodiments of two narrow structures of the receiving antenna 210 are presented, wherein Fig. 21B is narrow in the X direction, and Fig. 21C It is narrow in the Y direction.

[0143] Figure 21D-Figure 21E Another embodiment is shown in which the relative position between the signal conductor 211 and the ground conductor 212 of the receiving antenna 210 can be changed, adjusted, set, etc. to create a resonant condition with the transmitting antenna at a predefined frequency when present within a designated and predefined charging volume of the WPT system.

[0144] Figure 21F-21G Another embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the structure of the receiving antenna 210 and the ground conductor 212 can be of any shape, size, structure and form, which creates a resonant condition with the transmitting antenna at a predefined frequency when present within a specified and predefined charging volume. Fig.21F As shown, the ground conductor 212 may have a frame shape, wherein the ground conductor 212 does not completely cover the signal conductor 211 of the receiving antenna 210 . Figure 21G Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in which the ground conductor 212 of the receive antenna 210 covers a much smaller area than the signal conductor 211 and does not completely cover the signal conductor 211 of the receive antenna 210. In some embodiments of the present invention, the ground conductor 212 of the receive antenna 210 may not completely cover the signal conductor 211 of the receive antenna 210, have a larger size than the signal conductor 211 of the receive antenna 210, be aligned with, overlap, be parallel to the signal conductor 211 of the receive antenna 210, and when present within a designated and predefined charging volume, this creates a resonant condition with the transmit antenna at a predefined frequency.

[0145] Figure 22A-22B A top view of the novel WPT system 500 , the transmit antenna 100 , the signal conductor 101 , the conductor ground 102 , and the receive antenna 210 is shown. Fig.22A A transmit antenna 100 of length L1 is presented, and Fig. 22B A transmit antenna 100 of length L2 is presented. Fig.22A and Fig. 22B The receiving antennas 210 of the WPT system 500 in FIG. 1 are the same.

[0146] Figure 23A-23B A side view of the WPT system 500 resonating and transmitting power at a predefined frequency is shown. Resonance occurs only when the receiving antenna 210 is present within the charging volume. As a result and in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, high coupling and efficient power transfer occurs between the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antenna 210 within the charging volume of the WPT system 500, along and across the direction P.

[0147] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 23A-23B The system 500 presented in FIG. 5 resonates at the same frequency along and across the direction P within the charging volume and maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transfer efficiency with the same receive antenna 210 (for both transmit antenna lengths of L1 and L3).

[0148] Figure 24A-24B A side view of at least one embodiment of a WPT system 500 is shown, which presents simultaneous coupling and wireless power transfer of a transmit antenna 100 and receive antennas 210 to 240 having various lengths. According to one embodiment of the present invention, resonance occurs only when at least one receive antenna 210 is present within the charging volume. Fig.24A As shown, when the receiving antennas 210 and 220 are present within the varying volume, the WPT system 500 resonates, thereby generating strong simultaneous coupling and efficient wireless power transfer between the transmitting antenna 100 and the receiving antennas 210 and 220 along and across the direction P within the charging volume.

[0149] According to some embodiments of the present invention, creating such simultaneous coupling between the transmit antenna 100 and the at least two receive antennas 210 and 220 acts as a wireless power distributor, where the power transmitted from the transmit antenna is equally divided by the at least two receive antennas present within the charging volume. Fig. 24B An equal wireless power distributor of system 500 is presented, wherein four receive antennas are present within a charging volume, and power is efficiently wirelessly transmitted from transmit antenna 100 and equally distributed among receive antennas 210 , 220 , 230 , and 240 .

[0150] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when at least two receiving antennas are located within the charging volume, simultaneous coupling and wireless power transmission between the transmitting antenna and the at least two receiving antennas are maintained regardless of whether the at least two receiving antennas are stationary, moving, at least one stationary and at least one moving, in different orientations, in different orientations, rotated, and positioned differently within the charging volume.

[0151] According to some embodiments, the receiving antenna of the novel spatial WPT system can be formed into various shapes and sizes, or can include various internal / external conductors. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transmitting antenna of the novel spatial WPT system includes a wire or strip next to or between one or more ground wires or strips.

[0152] For a given frequency, predefined transmitting antenna size parameters, such as the length, width, thickness or radius of the signal conductor and the ground conductor; the distance between the signal conductor and (one or more) ground conductors; the relative height between the signal conductor and the ground conductor, etc., affect the covered charging and power supply area, the covered charging and power supply volume, the field distribution, etc., and vice versa.

[0153] In one embodiment, the conductor cross-section of the transmitting antenna of the WPT system is circular, rectangular or any other geometric shape, or a combination thereof.

[0154] In one embodiment, the WPT system maintains high coupling and energy transfer efficiency within, across, and along the relatively large area and volume covered. In one embodiment, the transmit antenna is configured to be attached to a receive unit of a wireless charging system or a transmit unit of a wireless charging system.

[0155] In one embodiment, a transmit antenna is configured to be attached to a transmit unit and a transmit antenna having different size parameters is configured to be attached to a receive unit of a WPT system, or vice versa.

[0156] In some embodiments of the present invention, for any transmitting antenna conductor with a length of Nλ / 4m, where λ is the wavelength of the predefined resonant frequency and N=1, 3... is the number of quarter wavelengths, the WPT system with the same receiving antenna will resonate at the same frequency and maintain the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transfer efficiency.

[0157] In some embodiments of the present invention, for any transmitting antenna with a length of Nλ / 4m, where λ is the wavelength of a predefined resonant frequency and N=2,4... is the number of quarter wavelengths, a WPT system with the same receiving antenna resonates at the same frequency and maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present invention, the WPT system resonates at the same frequency for any transmit antenna length and maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transfer efficiency regardless of the number or order of quarter wavelengths of the predefined resonant frequency.

[0159] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency of the WPT system is determined by both the transmit antenna and the receive antenna.

[0160] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency of the WPT system is determined by both the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, and can be modified by changing the parameters of the transmit antenna, the receive antenna, or both.

[0161] In one embodiment, the presence or absence of a receiving antenna affects the return loss of a transmitting antenna of the WPT system at a desired resonant frequency.

[0162] In one embodiment, the presence or absence of a transmitting antenna affects the return loss of a receiving antenna of the WPT system at a desired resonant frequency.

[0163] In one embodiment, the charging and powering area and volume of the WPT system is determined by both the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.

[0164] In one embodiment, the charging and powering area and volume of the WPT system is determined by both the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, and can be modified by changing the parameters of the transmit antenna, the receive antenna, or both.

[0165] In one embodiment, the WPT system includes transmit and receive antennas that maintain high coupling and energy transfer efficiency within, along, and across a relatively large area and volume covered.

[0166] In one embodiment, the WPT system includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, and when the transmitting antenna or a designated charging volume length is greater than a quarter wavelength λ / 4m of the resonant frequency, high coupling and energy transfer efficiency is maintained within a relatively large coverage area and volume being covered.

[0167] In one embodiment, the WPT system includes transmitting antennas and receiving antennas that maintain high coupling and energy transfer efficiency within a relatively large area and volume covered, regardless of the position, orientation, rotation, orientation, overlap, alignment, etc. of the receiving antenna relative to the transmitting antenna.

[0168] In one embodiment, the transmit antenna can be coupled to one or more receive antennas of the WPT system, which means that multiple mobile platforms are powered wirelessly.

[0169] In one embodiment, at least one transmit antenna may be attached to the transmit unit.

[0170] In one embodiment, multiple transmitters and transmit antennas may be used to increase coverage of a desired charging and powering area, volume, field distribution, etc.

[0171] In one embodiment, the WPT system may eliminate the need for a stationary charging system to charge and power a mobile platform in motion while moving.

[0172] In one embodiment, the receiving antenna of the WPT system is connected to a receiving unit. The receiving unit is attached / assembled / integrated on / in / within the mobile platform. The receiving unit rectifies the electromagnetic or electric power received wirelessly and converts it into DC power. When the mobile platform is located within the charging volume, the DC power charges or powers the mobile platform.

[0173] In one embodiment, the WPT system can eliminate the need for or reduce the size of batteries for mobile platforms in motion.

[0174] In one embodiment, the transmitting antennas of the WPT system may be assembled on, in, or under asphalt roads, paths, sidewalks, warehouses, aisles, interior and exterior floors, and the like.

[0175] In one embodiment, the WPT system may be used as a stationary wireless charging system for at least one receiving antenna connected to a receiving unit, with no or few alignment, overlap and proximity constraints.

[0176] In one embodiment, the transmitting antenna of the WPT system can be assembled vertically on a wall, a storage rack, an internal structure, an external structure, etc.

[0177] In one embodiment, a novel WPT system can be implemented to charge and power one or more mobile platforms in motion. Some non-limiting examples are movable devices, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, robots, smart warehouse robots, agricultural robots, smart warehouse transportation, buses, public transportation, aerial vehicles, electric scooters, and any type of movable object / vehicle, autonomous or controllable, which is configured to operate on the ground, in the ground or underground, on the water or underwater, in the air, in space, etc.

Claims

1. A near-field space wireless power transmission system based on a conductor system, i.e. a near-field space WPT system, which is configured to cover a large area and volume while maintaining high electromagnetic coupling, i.e. high EM coupling and efficient wireless power transmission between a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter and the receiver being part of a wireless power supply and charging system, the near-field space WPT system comprising: at least one AC power signal source; At least one transmitting antenna comprising: at least one signal conductor configured to receive an electrical signal from the electrical power signal source and further configured to extend along a path; at least one ground conductor configured to communicate with a ground of the power signal source and further configured to extend along the path; at least one receiving antenna; at least one receiving unit; wherein resonance within the charging volume occurs between the signal conductor and the ground conductor of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, both connected to the same AC power source, achieving constant and continuous EM coupling between the at least one transmitting antenna and the at least one receiving antenna; and wherein the signal conductor is configured to be disposed at a predefined distance from the ground conductor so as to form a designated charging volume regardless of the number or order of quarter wavelengths of a predefined resonant frequency; Therein, constant and continuous wireless charging / powering is provided for a receiving antenna connected to a receiving unit, when in motion or at rest, the receiving antenna being located within a predefined charging area or charging volume.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one AC power signal source is a transmitter configured to generate such a signal.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one AC power signal source is in communication with the receiving antenna, thereby modifying the functionality of other conductors accordingly.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein a specified distance separating the signal conductor and the ground conductor along the path determines the size of the charging volume.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one mobile platform is configured to be charged by creating a wireless charging volume via the constant EM coupling by the receiving antenna connected to a receiving unit, and at least one mobile platform is stationary within the charging volume.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor is configured to be placed between at least two ground conductors, and wherein the conductors are configured to be spaced apart a specified distance along the path.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted on a ground plane.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted below a ground plane.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be mounted on a vertical surface or a moving object.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are configured to be made of a conductive material having a thickness of 50-150 microns.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor are elongated sheet-shaped conductors or have a circular cross-section.

12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one receive antenna is mounted on a mobile platform or any segment thereof, and wherein the receive antenna is configured to maintain continuous EM coupling with the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor during operation or movement along or across the path, or when the mobile platform is an autonomous vehicle configured to move along the path, or when moving close to the path but not necessarily aligned with the path or by an altitude control device.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the receive antenna is configured to maintain constant and continuous EM coupling with the at least one signal conductor and the at least one ground conductor while remaining within a charging volume.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the autonomous vehicle is a logistics vehicle configured to move within an operating environment.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the mobile platform is an electric vehicle (EV) configured to remain fully operable while charging.

16. The system of any one of claims 14-15, wherein the mobile platform can be any type of movable object / vehicle that is autonomous or controllable and is configured to be able to operate on the ground or underground, on or under water, in the air or in space.

17. The system of any one of claims 14-16, wherein power is provided to a device without a battery or any other device that is charged or has limited battery usage.

18. The system according to any one of claims 14-17, wherein the transmitting antenna conductor can be meandering or partially meandering.

19. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one signal conductor or the at least one ground conductor is configured to have different dimensions along its length to provide adaptive resonance and EM coupling capabilities.

20. The system of claim 1, wherein the different dimensions are at least one non-parallel segment forming a portion of the at least one signal conductor and / or the at least one ground conductor.

21. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of segments of signal conductors and ground conductors are placed in a continuous manner along the path or in a continuous manner in a width direction of the path.

22. The system of claim 1, wherein the system resonates at the predefined frequency only when the receive antenna is present within the predefined charging volume unless the receive antenna and transmit antenna have mutual electromagnetic influence that causes such resonance.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the receive antenna and transmit antenna maintain similar resonant conditions if the receive antenna is present within the charging volume without any restrictions or requirements on position, orientation, rotation, alignment, overlap, placement relative to the transmit antenna.

24. The system of claim 1, wherein the transmitting antenna is capable of being coupled to one or more receiving antennas of the system, thereby being capable of powering multiple wireless consumers, and for each of at least two receiving antennas located within the designated charging volume of the system, multiple EM resonances are created such that the transmitting antenna is electromagnetically coupled to the at least two receiving antennas and power is wirelessly transferred from the transmitting antenna to the at least two receiving antennas, and the system functions as a wireless power distributor.

25. The system according to claim 1, wherein a transmit antenna (2000) of any length can be used regardless of the number or order of the quarter wavelength λ / 4 of the resonant frequency, while the WPT system (300) maintains the same resonant condition at a predefined frequency.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein when the same receiving antenna exists in the predefined charging volume, by using a transmitting antenna (2000), the WPT system (300) maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency regardless of the length of the transmitting antenna (2000).

27. The system of claim 1, wherein a transmit antenna (3000) of any length can be used regardless of the number or order of the quarter wavelength λ / 4 of the resonant frequency, while the WPT system (400) maintains the same resonant condition at a predefined frequency.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein when the same receiving antenna exists in the predefined charging volume, by using a transmitting antenna (3000), the WPT system (400) maintains the same coupling coefficient and wireless power transmission efficiency regardless of the length of the transmitting antenna (3000).

29. A system according to claim 1, wherein the resonance condition for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted or set by changing the conductor segment parameters of the receiving antenna, such as the length, width and thickness of each conductor segment and the relative angle (αm), height distance (DcpZn) and distance (Dacp) of adjacent conductor segments of the signal conductor.

30. The system of claim 1, wherein the resonance condition for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted or set by changing ground conductor parameters of the receiving antenna, such as length, width, thickness, size and shape.

31. A system according to claim 1, wherein the resonance condition for a predefined frequency can be changed, adjusted or set by changing the position, angle, alignment, overlap, tilt, rotation area size ratio, etc. of the signal conductor of the receiving antenna relative to the ground conductor of the receiving antenna.

32. The system of claim 1, wherein an input RF power port that transmits receive power from a receive antenna to the receive unit and rectifier can be connected to any location on any conductor segment of the signal conductor and ground conductor of the receive antenna.

33. The system of claim 1 , wherein when at least two receiving antennas are within the charging volume, simultaneous coupling and wireless power transfer between the transmitting antenna and the at least two receiving antennas is maintained regardless of whether the at least two receiving antennas are stationary, in motion, at least one stationary and at least one in motion, in different positions, in different orientations, in different rotations, and in different positioning within the charging volume.

34. The system of claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna can be formed in various shapes and sizes, or can include various inner / outer conductors.

35. The system of claim 1, wherein the transmit antenna, which is circular, rectangular, or any other geometric shape, or a combination thereof, includes wires or strips next to or between one or more ground wires or strips.

36. A system according to claim 1, wherein for a given frequency, the predefined transmitting antenna size parameters, such as the length, width, thickness or radius of the signal conductor and the ground conductor, the distance between the signal conductor and the ground conductor, the relative height between the signal conductor and the ground conductor, etc., affect the covered charging and powering area, the covered charging and powering volume, the field distribution, etc., and vice versa.

37. A method of using a near-field power system, comprising the steps of: providing an AC power signal generated by at least one transmitter; transmitting the AC power signal to at least one signal conductor when the at least one ground conductor is in ground communication with the transmitter; wherein both conductors are configured to extend along a path and be spaced a predefined distance apart from each other; providing at least one receiving antenna configured to be mounted on at least one mobile platform; An electromagnetic resonance, or EM resonance, is formed between the at least one signal conductor together with the at least one ground conductor and the receiving antenna, thereby creating a constant and continuous EM coupling between the signal conductor together with the ground conductor and the receiving antenna.

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