Ginseng product with high rare saponin content and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a ginseng product with high rare saponin content and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing Co-60 gamma ray irradiation treatment on fresh ginseng, and then performing steaming treatment to obtain the cooked ginseng. Wherein high-energy rays generated by Co-60 gamma ray irradiation and high temperature of steaming treatment are both beneficial to hydrolysis of saponin in the fresh ginseng into rare ginsenoside, and Co-60 gamma ray irradiation and steaming treatment are matched for use, so that hydrolysis of the saponin can be synergistically promoted, and the content of the rare ginsenoside is increased. Besides, the prepared ginseng is subjected to dipping treatment in a dipping solution composed of glutamic acid and serine, and in the step, ginsenoside can be further hydrolyzed and converted into rare ginsenoside, so that the ginseng product with high content of rare ginsenoside is finally obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a ginseng product with high rare saponin content and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ginseng has the effects of calming the mind, improving intelligence, replenishing qi and blood, and improving immunity. Since ginseng was approved as a new resource food in 2012, foods processed with ginseng as raw materials have emerged in an endless stream. Ginseng contains ginsenosides, alcohol, sugars and other ingredients, which have the effects of nourishing the five internal organs and calming the nerves.

[0003] Among them, ginsenosides are important active ingredients of ginseng, belonging to the triterpenoid glycoside compounds, which have multiple therapeutic effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasodilation, anti-allergy, anti-dementia and anti-diabetes, and also have certain anti-cancer activity. However, ginsenosides extracted from ginseng, also known as prototype ginsenosides, have low anti-cancer activity and are difficult to be absorbed and utilized by the human body.

[0004] To solve this problem, the existing technology usually steams ginseng to increase the content of rare saponins such as Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1, which have excellent anti-cancer and anti-dementia effects. However, the content of rare saponins in ginseng obtained by a single steaming process is still low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a ginseng product with high rare saponin content and a preparation method thereof. The ginseng product has high rare saponin content and is evenly distributed.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a ginseng product having a high rare saponin content, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Fresh ginseng is irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays and then steamed to obtain cooked ginseng.

[0009] The ripe ginseng is immersed in an infusion solution composed of glutamic acid and serine and then dried to obtain a ginseng product.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of glutamic acid to serine is 1:(3-5).

[0011] Preferably, the concentration of the impregnation solution is 10-20 wt%, and the material-liquid ratio is 1 g:(20-50) mL.

[0012] Preferably, the Co-60 gamma ray irradiation treatment has a dose of 5 to 10 kGy / h and a time of 20 to 40 s.

[0013] Preferably, the steaming treatment is performed at a temperature of 85-95° C. and for a time of 1-3 h.

[0014] Preferably, the immersion treatment is performed under ultrasonic conditions.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature of the ultrasound is 35-55° C., the frequency of the ultrasound is 10-15 KHz, and the time of the ultrasound is 10-50 min.

[0016] Preferably, the fresh ginseng is pretreated and then irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays.

[0017] Preferably, the pretreatment includes the steps of cleaning and removing branch roots.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a ginseng product prepared according to the above preparation method.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a method for preparing a ginseng product with a high content of rare saponins. The method firstly irradiates fresh ginseng with Co-60γ rays and then steams it to obtain cooked ginseng. The high-energy rays generated by the Co-60γ ray irradiation and the high temperature of the steaming treatment are both conducive to the hydrolysis of saponins in fresh ginseng into rare ginsenosides. The present invention uses the Co-60γ ray irradiation and the steaming treatment in combination, which can synergistically promote the hydrolysis of saponins and increase the content of rare ginsenosides.

[0021] In addition, the present invention soaks the cooked ginseng in an soaking solution composed of glutamic acid and serine, and in this step, the ginsenosides can be further hydrolyzed and converted into rare ginsenosides, thereby finally obtaining a ginseng product with a high content of rare ginsenosides. In addition, the Co-60 gamma ray irradiation and steaming treatment of the present invention are conducive to the uniformity of the subsequent soaking treatment, thereby ensuring that the ginsenoside content of the outer skin and the core of the final ginseng product is relatively close. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for preparing a ginseng product with a high rare saponin content, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Fresh ginseng is irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays and then steamed to obtain cooked ginseng.

[0025] The ripe ginseng is immersed in an infusion solution composed of glutamic acid and serine and then dried to obtain a ginseng product.

[0026] In the present invention, the fresh ginseng is preferably pre-treated before being irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays. The pre-treatment includes the steps of washing and removing the branch roots.

[0027] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the pretreatment is: clean the fresh ginseng with a ginseng washing machine, drain and obtain clean fresh ginseng; remove the branch roots, whiskers and rhizome of the clean fresh ginseng to obtain the main root.

[0028] According to the present invention, after the pretreatment, the fresh ginseng is subjected to Co-60 γ-ray irradiation treatment. In the present invention, the dose of the Co-60 γ-ray irradiation treatment is 5-10 kGy / h, preferably 6-8 kGy / h; the time is 20-40 s, preferably 25-35 s.

[0029] Then, according to the present invention, the ginseng is steamed to obtain the cooked ginseng.

[0030] In the present invention, the temperature of the steaming treatment is 85-95°C, preferably 88-90°C, and the time is 1-3 hours, preferably 1.5-2.5 hours. The steaming treatment is preferably carried out in an electrically heated steam cabinet.

[0031] The present invention adopts Co-60 gamma ray irradiation treatment and steaming treatment in combination to successively treat fresh ginseng, which can synergistically improve the hydrolysis of ginsenosides, thereby increasing the content of rare ginsenosides.

[0032] After the cooked ginseng is obtained, according to the present invention, the cooked ginseng is soaked to further increase the content of rare ginsenosides.

[0033] It should be noted that the present invention has screened and found that when glutamic acid and serine are specifically selected to form the impregnation solution, the content of rare ginsenosides in the obtained ginseng product is higher than that of a single glutamic acid, serine, or an impregnation solution composed of other amino acids. Therefore, the present invention preferably uses glutamic acid and serine to form the impregnation solution.

[0034] In the present invention, the concentration of the impregnation solution is 10-20 wt%, preferably 12-15 wt%. Preferably, when the mass ratio of glutamic acid to serine is 1:(3-5), preferably 1:(3.5-4.5), the content of rare ginsenosides in the ginseng product is higher. The material-liquid ratio of the impregnation treatment is 1 g:(20-50) mL, preferably 1 g:(25-45) mL, and more preferably 1 g:(30-40) mL.

[0035] In order to further ensure the impregnation effect of the impregnation liquid on the cooked ginseng and the conversion of ginsenosides to rare ginsenosides during the impregnation process, the impregnation process is preferably carried out under the auxiliary conditions of ultrasound. In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the ultrasound is 35-55°C, preferably 40-50°C; the frequency of the ultrasound is 10-15 KHz, preferably 11-14 KHz; the time of the ultrasound is 10-50 min, preferably 15-35 min.

[0036] In the present invention, after the immersion treatment, the obtained ginseng product is preferably dried. The drying treatment is preferably carried out in a hot air circulation oven.

[0037] Generally, in order to meet the subsequent sales requirements, in the present invention, after the drying process is completed, the dried ginseng is preferably packaged into 1 piece / bag to obtain a finished product, which can be sold on the market.

[0038] The present invention also provides a ginseng product obtained by the above preparation method. According to the test, the content of ginsenosides (such as Rk1, Rg5, Rg3, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd) in the outer skin and the core of the ginseng product is not much different and is evenly distributed. In addition, the content of Rk1, Rg5, and Rg3, which are rare ginsenosides, is significantly increased.

[0039] It can be seen that the above-mentioned preparation method provided by the present invention, after obtaining cooked ginseng through Co-60γ-ray irradiation treatment and steaming treatment, further performing glutamic acid and serine impregnation treatment, can synergistically increase the content of rare ginsenosides in the finally prepared ginseng product.

[0040] In addition, the above preparation method is simple, convenient, easy to implement, and conducive to large-scale production.

[0041] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for detailed description. The experimental raw materials used in the following examples of the present invention are all common commercially available products.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Preparation steps of fresh ginseng: clean the fresh ginseng with a ginseng washing machine, drain and obtain clean fresh ginseng; remove the branch roots, whiskers and rhizome of the clean fresh ginseng to obtain the main root;

[0044] Fresh ginseng steaming steps: using Co-60 gamma rays as the irradiation source, irradiating fresh ginseng at a dose of 5 Gy at room temperature for 40 seconds, and then placing it in an electric heating steamer at a temperature of 85°C for 2 hours to obtain cooked ginseng;

[0045] Soaking treatment: The cooked ginseng was subjected to ultrasonic soaking treatment in a soaking solution composed of glutamic acid and serine; the amino acid concentration of the soaking solution was 20%; the mass ratio of glutamic acid to serine was 1:5, and the solid-liquid ratio was 1 g:45 mL; the ultrasonic temperature was 55°C, the frequency was 13 KHz, and the time was 30 min;

[0046] Drying step: evenly spread the cooked ginseng in a cooking basket and dry it in a hot air circulation oven;

[0047] Packaging steps: pack the dried ginseng into 1 piece / bag to obtain the finished product.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Preparation steps of fresh ginseng: clean the fresh ginseng with a ginseng washing machine, drain and obtain clean fresh ginseng; remove the branch roots, whiskers and rhizome of the clean fresh ginseng to obtain the main root;

[0050] Fresh ginseng steaming steps: using Co-60 gamma rays as the irradiation source, irradiating the fresh ginseng at room temperature with an irradiation dose of 10 Gy for 20 seconds, and then placing it in an electric heating steamer at a temperature of 85°C for 2 hours to obtain cooked ginseng;

[0051] Soaking treatment: The cooked ginseng was subjected to ultrasonic soaking treatment in a soaking solution composed of glutamic acid and serine; the amino acid concentration of the soaking solution was 10%; the mass ratio of glutamic acid to serine was 1:3, and the solid-liquid ratio was 1 g:25 mL; the ultrasonic temperature was 45°C, the frequency was 15 KHz, and the time was 20 min;

[0052] Drying step: evenly spread the cooked ginseng in a cooking basket and dry it in a hot air circulation oven;

[0053] Packaging steps: pack the dried ginseng into 1 piece / bag to obtain the finished product.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Preparation steps of fresh ginseng: clean the fresh ginseng with a ginseng washing machine, drain and obtain clean fresh ginseng; remove the branch roots, whiskers and rhizome of the clean fresh ginseng to obtain the main root;

[0056] Fresh ginseng steaming steps: using Co-60 gamma rays as the irradiation source, irradiating the fresh ginseng at a dose of 8 Gy at room temperature for 30 seconds, and then placing it in an electric heating steamer at a temperature of 85°C for 2 hours to obtain cooked ginseng;

[0057] Soaking treatment: The cooked ginseng was ultrasonically soaked in a soaking solution composed of glutamic acid and serine; the amino acid concentration of the soaking solution was 15%; the mass ratio of glutamic acid to serine was 1:5. The solid-liquid ratio was 1 g:45 mL; the ultrasonic temperature was 35°C, the frequency was 13 KHz, and the time was 25 min;

[0058] Drying step: evenly spread the cooked ginseng in a cooking basket and dry it in a hot air circulation oven;

[0059] Packaging steps: pack the dried ginseng into 1 piece / bag to obtain the finished product.

[0060] The ginsenoside contents in the skin and core of the ginseng products of Examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063] It can be seen from the example data in Table 1 that the ginseng product obtained by the preparation method provided by the present invention has a high content of rare ginsenosides and is evenly distributed.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a ginseng product with a high rare saponin content, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Fresh ginseng is irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays and then steamed to obtain cooked ginseng. The ripe ginseng is immersed in an infusion solution composed of glutamic acid and serine and then dried to obtain a ginseng product.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of glutamic acid to serine is 1:(3-5).

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the impregnation solution is 10-20 wt %, and the material-liquid ratio is 1 g:(20-50) mL.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The dosage of the Co-60γ-ray irradiation treatment is 5-10 kGy / h, and the time is 20-40 s.

5. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The steaming process is performed at a temperature of 85-95° C. and for a time of 1-3 h.

6. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The immersion treatment is carried out under ultrasonic conditions.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ultrasonic temperature is 35-55° C., the ultrasonic frequency is 10-15 KHz, and the ultrasonic time is 10-50 min.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The fresh ginseng is pretreated and then irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pretreatment includes the steps of cleaning and removing branch roots.

10. The ginseng product prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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