A thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system, which specifically relates to the field of recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation prompts and markings, including a data input layer, a data processing layer, and a data output layer; the data input layer includes an electrical stimulation module and a signal acquisition module; the data input layer is used to transmit stimulation data and biological signals to the data processing layer; the data processing layer includes a central control module; the data processing layer is used to output analysis results to the data output layer; the data output layer includes a positioning prompt module and a display and interaction module. Through a multi-polar electrode array and a tissue conductivity measurement unit, combined with dynamic current distribution technology, stimulation of the target nerve area is achieved; at the same time, the feedback control unit adjusts the stimulation data according to the dynamic changes of the nerve response signal to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism, thereby effectively overcoming the problem of uneven stimulation caused by individual tissue differences in patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation prompts and markings, and more specifically, to a thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system. Background Art

[0002] During thyroid or neck surgery, it is crucial to protect the recurrent laryngeal nerve. However, existing technologies mainly rely on the surgeon's experience or simple stimulation and response detection methods, which make it difficult to achieve the positioning and dynamic protection of the nerve. At the same time, due to individual differences among patients, such as differences in fat layer thickness and subcutaneous fluid distribution, current stimulation is often uneven and there is a lack of monitoring of the stimulation process. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system, which realizes stimulation of the target nerve area through a multi-polar electrode array and a tissue conductivity measurement unit combined with dynamic current distribution technology. At the same time, the feedback control unit adjusts the stimulation data according to the dynamic changes of the nerve response signal to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system, comprising a data input layer, a data processing layer, and a data output layer;

[0005] The data input layer includes an electrical stimulation module and a signal acquisition module; the data input layer is used to transmit stimulation data and biological signals to the data processing layer;

[0006] The data processing layer includes a central control module; the data processing layer is used to output analysis results to the data output layer;

[0007] The data output layer includes a positioning prompt module, a display and interaction module; the data output layer is used to receive the analysis results of the data processing layer and perform feedback;

[0008] The electrical stimulation module includes a multipolar electrode array, a current distribution unit, and a tissue conductivity measurement unit; the multipolar electrode array includes at least two groups of independent electrode pairs, and each independent electrode in the electrode pair is connected to the current distribution unit to independently control the current intensity; the current distribution unit distributes the current to different independent electrodes according to the preset stimulation data;

[0009] The signal acquisition module includes an electrophysiological sensor array, a signal fusion and enhancement unit, and a feedback control unit; the electrophysiological sensor array is arranged around the stimulation area and is used to collect biological signals of neural activity; the signal fusion and enhancement unit is used to amplify neural signals, eliminate noise interference, and convert signals into digital outputs; the feedback control unit is used to receive the biological signals of the target nerves provided by the signal acquisition module and the stimulation data of the current electrical stimulation module, calculate the deviation between the strength of the biological signal and the expected effect through timing alignment and feature matching, and the feedback control unit adjusts the stimulation data according to the deviation, the stimulation data includes current intensity, frequency or activated electrode combination, generates dynamic optimization instructions and transmits them to the electrical stimulation module;

[0010] A neural response optimization closed-loop model is constructed based on the feedback control unit, signal fusion and enhancement unit, which is expressed as:

[0011] ;

[0012] in is the deviation between the neural response signal and the target stimulation signal; represents a target stimulation signal applied by the electrical stimulation module; represents the neural response signal collected by the signal fusion and enhancement unit; is the rate of change of the target neural response signal over time; is the weight parameter of the static signal response; is the weight parameter of the dynamic signal change rate; , It is the starting point and end point of the time interval between the target stimulation signal and the neural response signal.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the current distribution unit includes a multi-channel digital-to-analog converter and a power amplifier; the multi-channel digital-to-analog converter is used to convert the preset stimulation data into a current signal output;

[0014] The signal fusion and enhancement unit includes a differential amplifier, a filter, and an analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert biological signals into digital signals for data processing; the differential amplifier is used to filter the circuit to remove noise; and the filter is used to eliminate environmental interference.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the central control module includes a microcontroller MCU, a data storage unit, and a communication interface; the communication interface includes an I2C bus and a UART interface; the I2C bus is used to connect the data input layer module and transmit control instructions; the UART interface is used to connect the data output layer to transmit analysis results.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the positioning prompt module includes a vibration unit and a status indicator light; the vibration unit includes a vibration motor, and the vibration unit prompts the risk of the nerve approaching the area through vibration frequency or vibration intensity; the status indicator light is used to display the status risk information of the nerve;

[0017] The display and interaction module is used to transmit the system operation status and analysis results to the doctor through the screen or audio.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the input end of the multipolar electrode array is connected to the output end of the current distribution unit through a wire; the input end of the current distribution unit is connected to the output end of the microcontroller MCU through an I2C bus; the output end of the tissue conductivity measurement unit is connected to the input end of the microcontroller MCU through the I2C bus;

[0019] The electrophysiological sensor array is connected to the differential amplifier input terminal of the signal fusion and enhancement unit through a wire to collect the neural activity signal of the target area; the differential amplifier of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the filter; the filter of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the feedback control unit; the feedback control unit is connected to the microcontroller MCU through the I2C bus;

[0020] The central control module is connected to the positioning prompt module through the UART interface; the central control module is connected to the display and interaction module through the UART interface; the data storage unit of the central control module is connected to the microcontroller MCU;

[0021] The power supply and protection module supplies power to the data input layer, the data processing layer and the data output layer through the power supply line.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, a tissue conductivity distribution model is constructed based on the tissue conductivity measurement unit and the current distribution unit, which is expressed as:

[0023] ;

[0024] in is the conductivity distribution of the target area in three-dimensional space; represents the constant alternating current injected by the injection electrode pair; represents the voltage difference recorded by the measuring electrode pair; is the geometric correction factor; To measure the change in voltage difference between the electrode pairs; is the distance change between the electrode pairs; is the gradient of the voltage difference as the distance between electrodes changes;

[0025] A neural response optimization closed-loop model is constructed based on the feedback control unit, signal fusion and enhancement unit, which is expressed as:

[0026] ;

[0027] in is the deviation between the neural response signal and the target stimulation signal; represents a target stimulation signal applied by the electrical stimulation module; represents the neural response signal collected by the signal fusion and enhancement unit; is the rate of change of the target neural response signal over time; is the weight parameter of the static signal response; is the weight parameter of the dynamic signal change rate; , It is the starting point and end point of the time interval between the target stimulation signal and the neural response signal.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, a neural response optimization closed-loop model is established based on the current intensity, frequency or activated electrode combination included in the stimulation data;

[0029] ;

[0030] in Indicates the current intensity, represents the frequency of the stimulus signal, represents the set of activated electrodes, represents the time variable; Indicated in The target stimulation signal generated under the action of

[0031] ;

[0032] in is the attenuation coefficient of current propagation; represents the angle between the electrode and the target nerve; For the The distance between each electrode and the target nerve; For the The current intensity of each activated electrode; For the The local conductivity at each electrode location; For the The phase shift of the electrode signal.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the tissue conductivity measurement unit calculates the complex impedance of the target area through two independent groups of electrode pairs and an impedance measurement chip. Among the two independent groups of electrode pairs, one group of electrode pairs is an injection electrode pair, and the injection electrode pair is injected with a constant alternating current, and the other group of electrode pairs is a measuring electrode pair, and the measuring electrode pair is used to measure the voltage difference.

[0034] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0035] Through the multi-polar electrode array and tissue conductivity measurement unit, combined with dynamic current distribution technology, stimulation of the target nerve area is achieved; at the same time, the feedback control unit adjusts the stimulation data according to the dynamic changes of the nerve response signal, forming a closed-loop optimization mechanism, thereby overcoming the problem of uneven stimulation caused by individual tissue differences of patients;

[0036] By using the four-electrode method combined with an impedance measurement chip, a conductivity distribution model of the target area is constructed in real time, local non-uniform conductivity is calculated, and the electrode combination and current intensity are dynamically adjusted to effectively adapt to the current diffusion problem caused by differences in fat layer or fluid distribution in patients, thereby improving the targeting of electrical stimulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a system layered architecture diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 1 , a thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a data input layer, a data processing layer, and a data output layer;

[0040] The data input layer includes an electrical stimulation module and a signal acquisition module; the data input layer is used to transmit stimulation data and biological signals to the data processing layer;

[0041] The data processing layer includes a central control module; the data processing layer is used to output analysis results to the data output layer;

[0042] The data output layer includes a positioning prompt module, a display and interaction module; the data output layer is used to receive the analysis results of the data processing layer and perform feedback;

[0043] The electrical stimulation module includes a multipolar electrode array, a current distribution unit, and a tissue conductivity measurement unit, and applies the distributed current to the target nerve; the multipolar electrode array includes at least two groups of independent electrode pairs, and each independent electrode in the electrode pair independently controls the current intensity by connecting to the current distribution unit; the current distribution unit distributes the current to different independent electrodes according to the preset stimulation data, so as to adjust the stimulation intensity and stimulation position; the tissue conductivity measurement unit calculates the complex impedance of the target area through two groups of independent electrode pairs and an impedance measurement chip, among which one group of electrode pairs is an injection electrode pair, and the injection electrode pair is injected with a constant alternating current, and the other group of electrode pairs is a measuring electrode pair, and the measuring electrode pair is used to measure the voltage difference, so as to form a four-electrode method, and the impedance measurement chip includes but is not limited to AD5933; the electrical stimulation module is used to apply current to stimulate the target nerve and trigger a nerve response;

[0044] The signal acquisition module includes an electrophysiological sensor array, a signal fusion and enhancement unit, and a feedback control unit; the electrophysiological sensor models in the electrophysiological sensor array include but are not limited to BIOPAC-EL503, and the electrophysiological sensor array is arranged around the stimulation area to collect biological signals of neural activity. Its array method can select 9 electrophysiological sensors to form a 3*3 array arrangement; the signal fusion and enhancement unit is used to amplify neural signals, eliminate noise interference, and convert signals into digital outputs; the feedback control unit is used to receive the biological signals of the target nerves provided by the signal acquisition module and the stimulation data of the current electrical stimulation module, and calculate the deviation between the biological signal strength and the expected effect through timing alignment and feature matching. The feedback control unit adjusts the stimulation data according to the deviation. The stimulation data includes current intensity, frequency or activated electrode combination, generates dynamic optimization instructions and transmits them to the electrical stimulation module to complete the update of the stimulation data.

[0045] The current distribution unit includes a multi-channel digital-to-analog converter DAC and a power amplifier; the multi-channel digital-to-analog converter DAC includes but is not limited to TI-DAC8734, and the power amplifier includes but is not limited to OPA541; the multi-channel digital-to-analog converter DAC is used to convert preset stimulation data into current signal output; the power amplifier is used to stabilize the output;

[0046] The signal fusion and enhancement unit includes a differential amplifier, a filter, and an analog-to-digital converter ADC; the analog-to-digital converter ADC is used to convert biological signals into digital signals for data processing; the differential amplifier is used to filter the circuit to remove noise and enhance the signal; the filter is used to remove environmental interference, and the filter includes a high-pass filter (50Hz) and a low-pass filter (500Hz).

[0047] The central control module includes a microcontroller MCU, a data storage unit, and a communication interface; the communication interface includes an I2C bus and a UART interface; the I2C bus is used to connect to the data input layer module and transmit control instructions; the UART interface is used to connect to the data output layer to transmit analysis results;

[0048] As a further configuration scheme, the data storage unit of the central control module can store and read the patient stimulation data and neural status history through an external recording carrier, which is convenient for practical use. The external recording carrier includes an IC card or an NFC electronic tag. At the same time, the positioning prompt module can also generate a relatively unique digital mark in the system through the status indicator light. The digital mark is used to identify the target nerve position and status, and is displayed on the screen or stored in the recording carrier. The relatively unique digital mark includes a QR code or a serial number. The digital mark, stimulation data and analysis results are transmitted through the communication interface, and support interaction with an external recording carrier.

[0049] The positioning prompt module includes a vibration unit and a status indicator light; the positioning prompt module prompts the position or situation of the target nerve by visual or physical means; the vibration unit includes a vibration motor, and the vibration unit prompts the risk of the nerve approaching the area by vibration frequency or vibration intensity; the status indicator light is used to display the state risk information of the nerve, for example, a two-color red and green LED is used to display the state information of the nerve, green can indicate safety and no risk, and red is used to indicate high risk; electronic simulation marking is realized by the vibration unit and the status indicator light, and the vibration unit physically prompts the risk of the target nerve approaching the area by adjusting the vibration frequency or intensity; the status indicator light displays the risk state information of the nerve by different colors (such as red and green), and this marking method belongs to electronic marking, which assists the operator to identify and locate the target nerve through dynamic prompts and real-time display;

[0050] The display and interaction module is used to transmit the system operation status and analysis results to the doctor through the screen or audio.

[0051] The input end of the multipolar electrode array is connected to the output end of the current distribution unit through a wire, so as to receive current and apply stimulation; the input end of the current distribution unit is connected to the output end of the microcontroller MCU through an I2C bus, so as to receive stimulation data instructions; the output end of the tissue conductivity measurement unit is connected to the input end of the microcontroller MCU through an I2C bus, so as to transmit complex impedance data; in addition, the input end of the tissue conductivity measurement unit is connected to the output ends of the injection electrode pair and the measurement electrode pair through wires, so as to receive constant alternating current and voltage signals of the target area; the output ends of the injection electrode pair and the measurement electrode pair are connected to the input end of the impedance measurement chip through wires, so as to calculate complex impedance data; the output end of the impedance measurement chip is connected to the input end of the microcontroller MCU through an I2C bus, so as to transmit the calculated complex impedance data;

[0052] The electrophysiological sensor array is connected to the differential amplifier input terminal of the signal fusion and enhancement unit through a wire to collect the neural activity signal of the target area; the differential amplifier of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the filter to suppress the noise and amplify the neural signal; the filter of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter ADC to convert the amplified analog signal into a digital signal; the analog-to-digital converter ADC of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the feedback control unit to transmit the digital neural signal; the feedback control unit is connected to the microcontroller MCU through the I2C bus to transmit the optimization instruction for adjusting the electrical stimulation data;

[0053] The central control module is connected to the positioning prompt module through the UART interface to transmit nerve position and risk status information; the central control module is connected to the display and interaction module through the UART interface to transmit analysis results and system operation status; the data storage unit of the central control module is connected to the microcontroller MCU to store conductivity data, nerve signal characteristics and analysis results in real time;

[0054] The power supply and protection module supplies power to the data input layer, data processing layer and data output layer through the power supply line, and is connected to the microcontroller MCU through the overcurrent protection circuit to realize power status monitoring and protection. In the construction of the overcurrent protection circuit, a low-resistance shunt resistor can be connected in series in the power supply line to detect the current change through the circuit; the voltage signal at both ends of the shunt resistor is amplified by the operational amplifier circuit and transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter ADC input end, and the microcontroller MCU reads and calculates the current value in real time; when the current value exceeds the set threshold, the microcontroller MCU disconnects the power output by controlling the MOSFET or relay, thereby realizing overcurrent protection. At the same time, the microcontroller MCU can report the power status to the system through the communication interface to realize real-time monitoring and protection functions.

[0055] The tissue conductivity distribution model is constructed based on the tissue conductivity measurement unit and the current distribution unit, which is expressed as:

[0056] ;

[0057] in is the conductivity distribution of the target area in three-dimensional space; represents the constant alternating current injected by the injection electrode pair; represents the voltage difference recorded by the measuring electrode pair; is the geometric correction factor, Depends on electrode structure and target area size; To measure the change in voltage difference between the electrode pairs; is the distance change between the electrode pairs; The gradient of the voltage difference as the distance between electrodes changes is used to dynamically compensate for non-uniform conductivity. By dynamically compensating for the conductivity of tissue distribution, the model's adaptability to individual differences is improved.

[0058] The above formula is measured by the tissue conductivity measurement unit and ; and calculation ; The current distribution unit calculates To optimize electrode activation mode and current intensity;

[0059] A neural response optimization closed-loop model is constructed based on the feedback control unit, signal fusion and enhancement unit, which is expressed as:

[0060] ;

[0061] in It is the deviation between the neural response signal and the target stimulation signal, which is used for feedback control; represents a target stimulation signal applied by the electrical stimulation module; represents the neural response signal collected by the signal fusion and enhancement unit; is the rate of change of the target neural response signal over time, which is calculated from the time characteristics of the collected neural response signal; is the weight parameter of the static signal response; is the weight parameter of the dynamic signal change rate; represents the time variable; , are the starting point and end point of the time interval between the target stimulation signal and the neural response signal; the collected biological signals include the neural response signal, which refers specifically to the response of the target nerve to the stimulation in the model; biological signals refer to all collected signals, including noise and non-target signals; the expected effect described in "Calculating the Deviation between the Biological Signal Strength and the Expected Effect" includes the target stimulation signal;

[0062] The feedback control unit is used to receive and ,calculate , adjusting the current intensity, frequency and electrode activation combination according to the deviation; providing amplification and noise reduction through the differential amplifier and filter of the signal fusion and enhancement unit ;

[0063] Establishing a neural response optimization closed-loop model based on the current intensity, frequency or activated electrode combination included in the stimulation data;

[0064] ;

[0065] in Indicates the current intensity, represents the frequency of the stimulus signal, Represents the activated electrode set, which is the electrode index involved in signal generation. represents the time variable; Indicated in The target stimulation signal generated under the action of

[0066] ;

[0067] in is the attenuation coefficient of current propagation, The current in biological tissues Increased attenuation level; It indicates the angle between the electrode and the target nerve, that is, the matching degree between the electrode direction and the nerve direction. When it approaches zero, the current stimulation efficiency is relatively higher; For the The distance between each electrode and the target nerve, represents the square of the distance between the electrode and the target nerve; For the The current intensity of each activated electrode; For the The local conductivity at each electrode position, Acquired by tissue conductivity measurement unit; For the The phase shift of the electrode signal, Used to describe the timing differences in the output of multipolar electrodes; Represents the exponential decay factor of current propagation in tissue, which is used to describe the current signal with The nonlinear attenuation of is the directional correction factor, when When , the direction is optimal, the directional correction factor is 1, and when When the direction is completely opposite, the directional correction factor is 0; the directional correction factor is used to quantitatively reflect the influence of the matching degree between the current direction and the target nerve direction on the stimulation efficiency; The basic weight used to describe the response of the electrode signal to the target nerve, which takes into account the electrode current intensity, conductivity and electrode-to-nerve distance; Represents the periodic change of the current signal, and Determines the dynamic characteristics of each electrode signal; in a multi-electrode combination, the set of activated electrodes Allow multiple electrodes to work together, and the weights are determined by the above factors;

[0068] In this scheme, it should be noted that this scheme is based on a closed-loop feedback mechanism of electrical stimulation and signal acquisition, combined with tissue conductivity distribution modeling and neural response optimization modeling to achieve neural positioning and marking prompts; the system first applies multipolar current stimulation through the electrical stimulation module in the data input layer, and uses the current distribution unit and the tissue conductivity measurement unit to measure the conductivity distribution of the target area in real time, and measures the injected current and voltage difference through the four-electrode method to construct a three-dimensional conductivity distribution model, dynamically compensate for individual tissue differences, and optimize the electrode activation mode and current intensity to ensure the accuracy of stimulation. At the same time, the signal acquisition module collects the neural biological signals of the target area through the electrophysiological sensor array, and the signal fusion and enhancement unit transmits the high-quality neural response signals to the feedback control after amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion. The control unit, feedback control unit and electrical stimulation module form a closed loop. According to the timing deviation between the collected neural response signal and the stimulation data, the neural response optimization closed-loop model is used to dynamically adjust the stimulation intensity, frequency and activated electrode combination to trigger the target nerve. The central control module in the data processing layer integrates the input data, analyzes the nerve position and status in real time, and prompts the risk status of the target nerve with vibration and LED indicator through the positioning prompt module in the data output layer. At the same time, digital marks can be generated to mark the target nerve position and operation information. The display and interaction module further presents the system analysis results and status to the doctor in a visual interface to support real-time decision-making. The entire system overcomes the problems of individual conductivity differences and environmental interference among patients through dynamic modeling and closed-loop feedback, and provides a neural marking solution.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system, comprising a data input layer, a data processing layer, and a data output layer; The data input layer includes an electrical stimulation module and a signal acquisition module; the data input layer is used to transmit stimulation data and biological signals to the data processing layer; The data processing layer includes a central control module; the data processing layer is used to output analysis results to the data output layer; The data output layer includes a positioning prompt module, a display and interaction module; the data output layer is used to receive the analysis results of the data processing layer and perform feedback; Features: The electrical stimulation module includes a multipolar electrode array, a current distribution unit, and a tissue conductivity measurement unit; the multipolar electrode array includes at least two groups of independent electrode pairs, and each independent electrode in the electrode pair is connected to the current distribution unit to independently control the current intensity; The current distribution unit distributes the current to different independent electrodes according to the preset stimulation data; The signal acquisition module includes an electrophysiological sensor array, a signal fusion and enhancement unit, and a feedback control unit; the electrophysiological sensor array is arranged around the stimulation area and is used to collect biological signals of neural activity; the signal fusion and enhancement unit is used to amplify neural signals, eliminate noise interference, and convert signals into digital outputs; the feedback control unit is used to receive the biological signals of the target nerves provided by the signal acquisition module and the stimulation data of the current electrical stimulation module, calculate the deviation between the strength of the biological signal and the expected effect through timing alignment and feature matching, and the feedback control unit adjusts the stimulation data according to the deviation, the stimulation data includes current intensity, frequency or activated electrode combination, generates dynamic optimization instructions and transmits them to the electrical stimulation module; A neural response optimization closed-loop model is constructed based on the feedback control unit, signal fusion and enhancement unit, which is expressed as: ； in is the deviation between the neural response signal and the target stimulation signal; represents a target stimulation signal applied by the electrical stimulation module; represents the neural response signal collected by the signal fusion and enhancement unit; is the rate of change of the target neural response signal over time; is the weight parameter of the static signal response; is the weight parameter of the dynamic signal change rate; , It is the starting point and end point of the time interval between the target stimulation signal and the neural response signal.

2. The thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current distribution unit includes a multi-channel digital-to-analog converter and a power amplifier; the multi-channel digital-to-analog converter is used to convert preset stimulation data into current signal output; The signal fusion and enhancement unit includes a differential amplifier, a filter, and an analog-to-digital converter; Analog-to-digital converters are used to convert biological signals into digital signals for data processing; differential amplifiers are used in filtering circuits to remove noise; and filters are used to remove environmental interference.

3. The thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central control module includes a microcontroller MCU, a data storage unit, and a communication interface; the communication interface includes an I2C bus and a UART interface; the I2C bus is used to connect to the data input layer module and transmit control instructions; the UART interface is used to connect to the data output layer to transmit analysis results.

4. The thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning prompt module includes a vibration unit and a status indicator light; the vibration unit includes a vibration motor, and the vibration unit prompts the risk of the nerve approaching the area through vibration frequency or vibration intensity; the status indicator light is used to display the status risk information of the nerve; The display and interaction module is used to transmit the system operation status and analysis results to the doctor through the screen or audio.

5. The thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes power supply and protection modules; The input end of the multipolar electrode array is connected to the output end of the current distribution unit through a wire; the input end of the current distribution unit is connected to the output end of the microcontroller MCU through an I2C bus; The output terminal of the tissue conductivity measurement unit is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller MCU via an I2C bus; The electrophysiological sensor array is connected to the differential amplifier input terminal of the signal fusion and enhancement unit through a wire; The differential amplifier of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the filter; the filter of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter of the signal fusion and enhancement unit is connected to the feedback control unit; the feedback control unit is connected to the microcontroller MCU through the I2C bus; The central control module is connected to the positioning prompt module through the UART interface; the central control module is connected to the display and interaction module through the UART interface; the data storage unit of the central control module is connected to the microcontroller MCU; The power supply and protection module supplies power to the data input layer, the data processing layer and the data output layer through the power supply line.

6. The thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tissue conductivity distribution model is constructed based on the tissue conductivity measurement unit and the current distribution unit, which is expressed as: ； in is the conductivity distribution of the target area in three-dimensional space; represents the constant alternating current injected by the injection electrode pair; represents the voltage difference recorded by the measuring electrode pair; is the geometric correction factor; To measure the change in voltage difference between the electrode pairs; is the distance change between the electrode pairs; is the gradient of the voltage difference as the distance between electrodes changes.

7. The thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Establishing a neural response optimization closed-loop model based on the current intensity, frequency or activated electrode combination included in the stimulation data; ； in Indicates the current intensity, represents the frequency of the stimulus signal, represents the set of activated electrodes, represents the time variable; Indicated in The target stimulation signal generated under the action of ； in is the attenuation coefficient of current propagation; represents the angle between the electrode and the target nerve; For the The distance between each electrode and the target nerve; For the The current intensity of each activated electrode; For the The local conductivity at each electrode location; For the The phase shift of the electrode signal.

8. A thyroid recurrent laryngeal nerve simulation marking system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The tissue conductivity measurement unit calculates the complex impedance of the target area through two independent electrode pairs and an impedance measurement chip. Among the two independent electrode pairs, one electrode pair is an injection electrode pair, and a constant alternating current is injected into the injection electrode pair. The other electrode pair is a measuring electrode pair, and the measuring electrode pair is used to measure the voltage difference.

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