Flexible production line for bogie axle suspension box assembly

Abstract

According to the bogie axle suspension box assembling flexible production line, one side of a production workshop is a production line AGV passing area, the middle of the production workshop is a working area, and the other side of the production workshop is a production line material area; the working area sequentially comprises a first station, a second station and a third station according to the material flow direction, a gear ring induction heater, a gear ring automatic tightening machine, a gear ring dumping tool and a first ring piece arranging trolley are arranged in the first station, and a bearing inner ring pressure maintaining machine, a grease injection trolley and a second ring piece arranging trolley are arranged in the second station. A charger and a third ring piece arranging trolley are arranged in the third station; the production line material area is provided with a station terminal and a tooth side sealing ring dump tool, the production line material area is provided with a suspension bearing storage station, a suspension bearing box dump tool, a bearing inner ring heater and a bearing outer ring press-fitting machine, and the production line material area is provided with a collar / non-tooth side sealing ring dump tool. The device is reasonable in layout and high in production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric locomotives, in particular to a flexible production line for assembling axle boxes of bogies. Background Art

[0002] The axle box assembly is a key component of the locomotive running gear, which mainly provides the function of supporting the traction motor on the axle side. Although the axle-holding structure is similar in overall form on different models, there are certain differences in the structural details and installation process of the axle box of different models. At present, the axle box assembly adopted by the industry is mainly a fully manual assembly method, with low levels of automation and digitization of the production line, and the quality is mainly controlled by humans, with poor consistency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flexible production line for assembling axle boxes of bogies, which has a reasonable layout and high production efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a flexible production line for bogie axle box assembly, one side of the production workshop is the production line AGV passage area, the middle of the production workshop is the work area, and the other side of the production workshop is the production line material area, and the truss crane spans above the AGV passage area, the work area and the production line material area; the work area includes a first workstation, a second workstation and a third workstation in sequence according to the material flow direction, the first workstation is provided with a gear ring induction heater, a gear ring automatic tightening machine, a gear ring dump tooling and a first preparation trolley, the second workstation is provided with a bearing inner ring pressure maintaining machine, a grease injection trolley and a second preparation trolley, and the third workstation is provided with a charger and a third preparation trolley; the production line material area is provided with a workstation terminal and a gear side sealing ring dump tooling corresponding to the first workstation position, and the production line material area is provided with a bearing storage station, a bearing inner ring pressure maintaining machine, a grease injection trolley and a second preparation trolley corresponding to the second workstation position Axle box dumping tooling, bearing inner ring heater and bearing outer ring press machine, the production line material area is provided with a shaft collar / non-tooth side sealing ring dumping tooling corresponding to the third workstation; the AGV passage area is for the production line AGV platform to pass from one side of the production workshop to the other side, the production line AGV platform can enter the first workstation from the AGV passage area, the production line AGV platform can pass between adjacent workstations, and the production line AGV platform can enter the AGV passage area from the third workstation; the first workstation is the tooth side maze assembly workstation, the second workstation is the bearing holding assembly workstation, and the third workstation is the non-tooth side maze assembly workstation. The axle is put on the line from one side of the production workshop, and the axle is hoisted onto the production line AGV platform. After the materials to be assembled are transferred from the warehouse to the production line material area, the axle is consigned by the production line AGV platform, and is transferred in turn through the three assembly workstations to complete each assembly process until the overall assembly of the axle and the axle box is completed.

[0005] As an improvement, there is linkage between the production line AGV platforms and the production line AGV platforms at the workstations; there is linkage between the AGV platform and the gear ring tightening machine; there is linkage between the production line AGV platform and the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine; there is linkage between the production line AGV platform and the lifting door for passage between the bearings.

[0006] As an improvement, the data interacting between the production execution layer MES and the production line central control system includes production plan tasks, process file data, equipment configuration parameters, quality control data, material information data and operator data;

[0007] Operator data: The production line central control system can read the work card of the one-card system and conduct data communication. When the MES system dispatches workers, the operator information is sent to the production line central control system and the workstation terminal. The operator punches in at the workstation terminal, and the system recognizes the operator information and confirms the dispatched task information before starting the work;

[0008] Equipment data: Equipment data refers to the status data of the equipment, including the equipment's operating status, fault conditions and other data; the production line central control system can monitor the equipment's operating status and fault condition data, and can upload it to the MES system for production preparation judgment, abnormal reminders and statistical analysis;

[0009] Material data: Material data refers to the material master data, workstation and process information, and supplier information of the parts and auxiliary materials required for production; the MES system sends the material information of the workstation and process to the production line central control system, which can confirm the material information before starting work according to the process; there are two ways to confirm: one is to scan and enter the material through a QR code scanner, and it can be automatically confirmed if it is completely matched. When the match is abnormal, an alarm prompts, and the final judgment is made manually; the second is to manually enter the material. This method is enabled when the material QR code is abnormal or the production is abnormal, and the use authority is set. When managing parts data, material confirmation is required for each operation; when managing auxiliary materials, they can be used only when they are collected or reported as missing, and there is no need to confirm before each operation; when scanning and entering the necessary and occasional replacement parts, the master data information is automatically brought in, and there is no need to carry the vehicle number, axle number and other information, and it can be automatically generated when scanning the code; when scanning and entering the self-repair parts and outsourced repair parts, the master data is automatically brought in, and the vehicle number, axle number and other information are automatically matched with the tasks issued by the MES system. If they are completely matched, they can be automatically generated. If they are not matched, it is manually determined whether to continue or terminate the operation;

[0010] Process data and quality data: Process data refers to the requirements and standard data that need to be met to carry out operations, including parameters of documents such as process documents and work instructions; quality data refers to the relevant data of the product obtained by actual measurement in accordance with the process technology document standards during the actual operation process; the MES system transmits the process technology documents to the production line central control system, which then sends them to the three workstation terminals after receiving them, and the axle box assembly work instructions for different models can be checked at the workstation terminals; the process data is transmitted to the production line central control system through the MES system, and then to the intelligent equipment, and the process parameters can be set;

[0011] Quality data is exchanged between the MES system and the production line central control system. The production line central control system automatically judges the operation results by comparing the actual execution results of the equipment with the process requirement parameters, and feeds back the execution results and judgment results to the MES. Quality data should be classified and screened according to vehicle model, vehicle number, and component for statistical analysis. The completion status of the production line, measured dimensional data, and quality judgment results will be fed back to the production line central control system by the equipment terminal through the field bus and network. After completing the production process of a vehicle, the production line central control system will upload it to the MES system and automatically fill in the corresponding process control record.

[0012] Production task data: Production task data refers to management data in the production management process. Production tasks are issued through the company's MES system. The production line central control system of the project can fully realize data docking, that is, it can accept production tasks and feedback production preparation status, execution status, abnormal conditions, and completion status. The production plan scheduling of the production line is automatically generated from the MES system and assigned to the production line central control system. After receiving the instructions, the production line central control system decomposes the axle box assembly task and sends it to the terminal equipment of the three workstations through the production line electrical control system and the field network bus. After executing the instructions, each terminal equipment and operator will report the completion statistics and finally feedback the completion status data to the production line central control system. After the assembly of the axle box of the entire vehicle is completed, the production task data will be uniformly sent back to the MES system to realize the connection of production plan task data.

[0013] As an improvement, the automatic ring gear tightening machine includes an automatic robot arm and an intelligent tightening device. The automatic robot arm is a six-axis robot arm. The intelligent tightening device is fixedly installed at the end of the automatic robot arm. The intelligent tightening device includes a tightening shaft sensor, a visual sensor, a mechanical structure and a control system; the visual sensor detects the position and angle of the tightening shaft and transmits the perception signal to the control system. The control system realizes the spatial posture adjustment of the tightening shaft through physical space coordinate transformation, and finally achieves the tightening shaft being inserted into the bolt, and the control system conveys the command to the tightening shaft to ensure that the tightening torque of the bolt is executed according to the given tightening sequence and tightening torque.

[0014] As an improvement, under the control of the production line central control system, the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine is linked with the AGV. When the personnel confirm that the bearing inner ring is heated and installed in place, the central control system gives instructions to the pressure holding machine. The bearing inner ring pressure holding machine controls the time and pressure to maintain the bearing inner ring at a force of 75kN for 10 minutes.

[0015] As an improvement, the bearing outer ring press machine includes a turning mechanism, a press mechanism, a platform support mechanism and a positioning clamping mechanism.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Through the central control system of the production line and the switchable structure of the equipment hardware, the rapid production switching of different types of locomotive axle box assembly products can be realized, realizing flexible manufacturing;

[0018] 2. Combined with the configured equipment, the layout plan of single-piece flow with 3 stations and 45 minutes beat is adopted to optimize the operation path, material path and workpiece path. At the same time, the operation content of human-machine collaboration is evenly divided to ensure the process throughput of the axle box products;

[0019] 3. By defining the linkage between AGV and AGV, AGV and channel door, AGV and gear ring tightening robot, AGV and bearing inner ring press machine and other equipment, the operation efficiency is improved and the difficulty of human operation is reduced;

[0020] 4. Based on the production line central control system and various visual, pressure, displacement, torque, temperature and other monitoring sensors, the present invention can automatically collect and determine the key operation data of the axle box production line, thus realizing the transformation of product quality from human defense to technical defense;

[0021] 5. The present invention takes advantage of the data connection between previous and next processes and the database built into the production line central control system, and can connect and associate the previous and next processes by identifying the material code, thus realizing forward and reverse tracing of quality data;

[0022] 6. The central control system of the present invention has its own database, which can intelligently prompt detection values ​​that exceed conventional ones through database comparison, realize early warning of equipment status data and product quality data, and prevent failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is the layout diagram of the production workshop.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the linkage between production line AGV platforms and production line AGV platforms between workstations.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the linkage flow chart between the AGV platform and the gear ring tightening machine.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the linkage flow chart between the production line AGV platform and the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the linkage between the AGV platform of the production line and the lifting door passing between the bearings.

[0028] Figure 6 This is the data connection architecture diagram of the axle box production line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a flexible production line for bogie axle box assembly, one side of the production workshop is the production line AGV passage area, the middle of the production workshop is the work area, the other side of the production workshop is the production line material area, and the truss crane 6 spans above the AGV passage area, the work area and the production line material area. The work area includes the first station, the second station and the third station in order according to the material flow direction. The first station is the gear side labyrinth assembly station, the second station is the bearing assembly station, and the third station is the non-gear side labyrinth assembly station. The first station is equipped with a gear ring induction heater 9, a gear ring automatic tightening machine 10, a gear ring dump tool 8 and a first preparation trolley 12; the second station is equipped with a bearing inner ring pressure holding machine 13, a grease injection trolley 17 and a second preparation trolley 14; the third station is equipped with a charger 16 and a third preparation trolley 15. The production line material area is provided with a station terminal and a gear side sealing ring dumping tool 1 corresponding to the first station position; the production line material area is provided with a bearing storage station 2, axle box dumping tool 4, a bearing inner ring heater 3 and a bearing outer ring press 5 corresponding to the second station position; the production line material area is provided with a shaft collar / non-gear side sealing ring dumping tool 7 corresponding to the third station position. The AGV passage area allows the production line AGV platform to pass from one side of the production workshop to the other side. The production line AGV platform can enter the first station from the AGV passage area, the production line AGV platform can pass between adjacent stations, and the production line AGV platform 11 can enter the AGV passage area from the third station; the axle is put on the line from the east side of the production workshop, and the axle is hoisted onto the production line AGV platform 11. After the materials to be assembled are transferred from the warehouse to the production line material area, the axle is consigned through the production line AGV platform 11, and is transferred through three assembly stations in sequence to complete each assembly process until the overall assembly of the axle and the axle box is completed. After the axle box is assembled off the production line on the west side of the workshop, the production line AGV platform 11 returns to the initial online station and continues to transfer the axles, thereby realizing the assembly line operation of the production line, avoiding the complicated process of overhead crane hoisting, improving production efficiency, and ensuring safe production reliability.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, there is linkage between the production line AGV platform and the production line AGV platform at the workstation; Figure 3 As shown, there is a linkage between the AGV platform and the gear ring tightening machine; Figure 4 As shown in the figure, there is a linkage between the production line AGV platform and the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine; Figure 5 As shown, there is a linkage between the production line AGV platform and the lifting door passing between the bearings.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, the data interacting between the production execution layer MES and the production line central control system includes production plan tasks, process file data, equipment configuration parameters, quality control data, material information data and operator data.

[0033] Operator data: The production line central control system can read the work card of the one-card system and connect the data. When the MES system assigns work, the operator information is sent to the production line central control system and the workstation terminal. The operator punches in at the workstation terminal, and the system recognizes the operator information and confirms the assigned task information before starting the work.

[0034] Equipment data: Equipment data refers to the status data of the equipment, including the equipment's operating status, fault conditions and other data; the production line central control system can monitor the equipment's operating status and fault condition data, and can upload it to the MES system for production preparation judgment, abnormal reminders and statistical analysis.

[0035] Material data: Material data refers to the material master data, workstation and process information, and supplier information of the parts and auxiliary materials required for production; the MES system sends the material information of the workstation and process to the production line central control system, which can confirm the material information before starting work according to the process; there are two ways to confirm: one is to scan and enter the material through a QR code scanner, and it can be automatically confirmed if it is completely matched. When the match is abnormal, an alarm prompts, and the final judgment is made manually; the second is to manually enter the material. This method is enabled when the material QR code is abnormal or the production is abnormal, and the use authority is set. function; when managing parts data, material confirmation is required for each operation; when managing auxiliary materials, they are only used when they are collected or reported as missing, and there is no need to confirm before each operation; when the necessary and occasional replacement parts are scanned, entered and matched, the master data information is automatically brought in, and there is no need to carry information such as the vehicle number and axle number, and it can be automatically generated when the code is scanned; when the self-repair parts and outsourced repair parts are scanned, entered and matched, the master data is automatically brought in, and the vehicle number, axle number and other information are automatically matched with the tasks issued by the MES system. When they are completely matched, they can be automatically generated. When they do not match, it is manually determined whether to continue or terminate the operation.

[0036] Process data and quality data: Process data refers to the requirements and standard data that need to be met to carry out operations, including parameters of process documents, work instructions and other documents; quality data refers to the relevant data of the product obtained through actual measurement in accordance with the standards of process technical documents during the actual operation process; the MES system transmits the process technical documents to the production line central control system, which then sends them to the three workstation terminals, where the axle box assembly work instructions for different models can be viewed; process data is transmitted to the production line central control system through the MES system, and then to the intelligent equipment, and process parameters can be set.

[0037] Quality data interacts between the MES system and the production line central control system. The production line central control system automatically judges the operation results by comparing the actual execution results of the equipment with the process requirement parameters, and feeds back the execution results and judgment results to the MES. Quality data should be classified and screened according to vehicle model, vehicle number, and component for statistical analysis. The completion status of the production line, measured dimensional data, and quality judgment results will be fed back to the production line central control system by the equipment terminal through the field bus and the network. After completing the production process of a vehicle, the production line central control system will upload them to the MES system and automatically fill in the corresponding process control records.

[0038] Production task data: Production task data refers to management data in the production management process. Production tasks are issued through the company's MES system. The production line central control system of the project can fully realize data docking, that is, it can accept production tasks and feedback production preparation status, execution status, abnormal conditions, and completion status. The production plan scheduling of the production line is automatically generated from the MES system and assigned to the production line central control system. After receiving the instructions, the production line central control system decomposes the axle box assembly task and sends it to the terminal equipment of the three workstations through the production line electrical control system and the field network bus. After executing the instructions, each terminal equipment and operator will report the completion statistics and finally feedback the completion status data to the production line central control system. After the assembly of the axle box of the entire vehicle is completed, the production task data will be uniformly sent back to the MES system to realize the connection of production plan task data.

[0039] The automatic gear ring tightening machine includes an automatic robot and an intelligent tightening device. The automatic robot is a six-axis robot. The intelligent tightening device is fixedly installed at the end of the automatic robot. The intelligent tightening device includes a tightening shaft sensor, a visual sensor, a mechanical structure and a control system. The tightening shaft is installed on a mechanical device with a floating function, which is convenient for realizing the adjustable center distance function of the gear ring bolts of different products, thereby realizing flexible switching. Because the gear ring bolt is a hexagon, the visual sensor detects the position and angle of the tightening shaft and transmits the perception signal to the control system. The control system realizes the spatial posture adjustment of the tightening shaft through the physical space coordinate transformation, and finally achieves the tightening shaft sleeved into the bolt, and the control system conveys the command to the tightening shaft to ensure that the torque of the bolt tightening is executed according to the given tightening sequence and tightening torque. There are 25 groups of diagonal bolts on the gear ring. The tightening robot communicates with the AGV through the central control system. When a group of diagonal bolts is tightened and qualified, the transfer device on the AGV realizes the automatic indexing rotation of the axle and the gear ring, so as to tighten the next group of diagonal bolts.

[0040] Under the control of the production line central control system, the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine is linked with the AGV. When the personnel confirm that the bearing inner ring is heated and installed in place, the central control system gives instructions to the pressure holding machine. The bearing inner ring pressure holding machine controls the time and pressure to maintain the pressure of the bearing inner ring at 75kN for 10 minutes.

[0041] The bearing outer ring press machine consists of a flip mechanism, a press mechanism, a platform support mechanism, and a positioning clamping mechanism. The press mechanism and the platform support mechanism are mainly used to adjust the press strokes of different wheel bearing outer rings. This adjustment function is to identify the type of assembled products in the central control system and realize the stroke adjustment and flexible switching of different products through the position sensor embedded in the hardware. The press machine also determines the quality of the press process by monitoring the pressure curve.

[0042] HXD1 / HXD1C locomotive axle box assembly process table

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] HXD1B locomotive axle box assembly process table

[0046]

[0047] HXD3C locomotive axle box assembly process table

[0048]

[0049] The present invention solves the following problems:

[0050] (1) Solve the technical problem of lack of assembly quality consistency

[0051] By designing a production line for human-machine collaboration, we configure automated equipment such as bearing outer ring press machine, bearing inner ring press machine, and gear ring bolt automatic tightening machine in key operation processes such as bearing press-fitting, bearing pressure holding, and gear ring bolt tightening, so as to achieve the consistency of assembly operations in key processes. At the same time, in order to verify the consistency of operations, various sensing elements are embedded in the equipment, including pressure sensors, torque sensors, angle sensors, displacement sensors, etc., to sense and detect data in real time, and automatically determine the operation results based on the detected status data, promoting the transformation of the operation process from human defense to technical defense.

[0052] (2) Solve the problem of low digital level

[0053] The production line is equipped with an independent central control system with database functions. On the one hand, it presets standard values ​​for various work quantities to determine whether the work results are qualified or not; on the other hand, it enters the central control system through real-time collected data to facilitate rapid traceability later; thirdly, by designing a human-computer interaction interface on the intelligent terminal at the work station, human-computer interaction is realized in the entire work process to ensure that the order of operations is carried out according to the set procedures.

[0054] (3) Solve the design of lean and flexible axle box production line

[0055] The lean solution relies on lean production line simulation and lean layout, setting standard workstations and standard operations to ensure that the production line produces in a single-piece flow with a workstation system, and that the flow of personnel and materials reaches the optimal path.

[0056] (4) To solve the problem of production line flexibility

[0057] The first is to sort out the operating contents of various existing vehicle models and unify the highly consistent contents; the second is to speed up the switching of production modes through flexible improvements on tooling; the third is that the configured central control system can adapt to the command control of human-machine interaction operations for the assembly of axle boxes of different vehicle models according to different products.

[0058] (5) Solve the efficiency problem

[0059] By changing some operations from traditional manual work to machine-assisted work, the input of manpower has been reduced. The production line originally required 6 people to complete, but now only requires 3 people.

Claims

1. A flexible production line for bogie axle box assembly, characterized by: One side of the production workshop is the production line AGV passage area, the middle of the production workshop is the work area, and the other side of the production workshop is the production line material area. The truss overhead crane spans over the AGV passage area, the work area and the production line material area; the work area includes the first station, the second station and the third station in order according to the material flow direction, the first station is equipped with a gear ring induction heater, a gear ring automatic tightening machine, a gear ring dump tooling and a first preparation trolley, the second station is equipped with a bearing inner ring pressure holding machine, a grease injection trolley and a second preparation trolley, and the third station is equipped with a charger and a third preparation trolley; the production line material area is equipped with a station terminal and a gear side sealing ring dump tooling corresponding to the first station, and the production line material area is equipped with a bearing storage station, an axle box dump tooling, a bearing inner ring heater and a bearing outer Ring pressing machine, the production line material area corresponds to the third workstation position and is provided with a shaft collar / non-tooth side sealing ring dump tooling; the AGV passage area is for the production line AGV platform to pass from one side of the production workshop to the other side, the production line AGV platform can enter the first workstation from the AGV passage area, the production line AGV platform can pass between adjacent workstations, and the production line AGV platform can enter the AGV passage area from the third workstation; the first workstation is the tooth side maze assembly workstation, the second workstation is the bearing clamping assembly workstation, and the third workstation is the non-tooth side maze installation workstation. The axle is unloaded from one side of the production workshop, and the axle is hoisted onto the production line AGV platform. After the materials to be assembled are transferred from the warehouse to the production line material area, the axle is consigned by the production line AGV platform and transferred in turn through the three assembly workstations to complete each assembly process until the overall assembly of the axle and the axle clamping box is completed.

2. The bogie axle box assembly flexible production line according to claim 1 is characterized by: There is linkage between the production line AGV platforms and the production line AGV platforms at the workstations; there is linkage between the AGV platform and the gear ring tightening machine; there is linkage between the production line AGV platform and the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine; there is linkage between the production line AGV platform and the lifting door for passage between the bearings.

3. The bogie axle box assembly flexible production line according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data interacting between the production execution layer MES and the production line central control system includes production plan tasks, process file data, equipment configuration parameters, quality control data, material information data and operator data; Operator data: The production line central control system can read the work card of the one-card system and conduct data communication. When the MES system dispatches workers, the operator information is sent to the production line central control system and the workstation terminal. The operator punches in at the workstation terminal, and the system recognizes the operator information and confirms the dispatched task information before starting the work; Equipment data: Equipment data refers to the status data of the equipment, including the equipment's operating status, fault conditions and other data; the production line central control system can monitor the equipment's operating status and fault condition data, and can upload it to the MES system for production preparation judgment, abnormal reminders and statistical analysis; Material data: Material data refers to the material master data, workstation and process information, and supplier information of the parts and auxiliary materials required for production; the MES system sends the material information of the workstation and process to the production line central control system, which can confirm the material information before starting work according to the process; there are two ways to confirm: one is to scan and enter the material through a QR code scanner, and it can be automatically confirmed if it is completely matched. When the match is abnormal, an alarm prompts, and the final judgment is made manually; the second is to manually enter the material. This method is enabled when the material QR code is abnormal or the production is abnormal, and the use authority is set. When managing parts data, material confirmation is required for each operation; when managing auxiliary materials, they can be used only when they are collected or reported as missing, and there is no need to confirm before each operation; when scanning and entering the necessary and occasional replacement parts, the master data information is automatically brought in, and there is no need to carry the vehicle number, axle number and other information, and it can be automatically generated when scanning the code; when scanning and entering the self-repair parts and outsourced repair parts, the master data is automatically brought in, and the vehicle number, axle number and other information are automatically matched with the tasks issued by the MES system. If they are completely matched, they can be automatically generated. If they are not matched, it is manually determined whether to continue or terminate the operation; Process data and quality data: Process data refers to the requirements and standard data that need to be met to carry out operations, including parameters of process documents, work instructions and other documents; quality data refers to the relevant data of the product obtained by actual measurement in accordance with the process technology document standards during the actual operation process; the MES system transmits the process technology documents to the production line central control system, which then sends them to the three workstation terminals after receiving them. The work instructions for the assembly of the axle box of different models can be checked at the workstation terminals; The process data is transmitted to the production line central control system through the MES system, and then to the intelligent equipment, and the process parameters can be set; Quality data is exchanged between the MES system and the production line central control system. The production line central control system automatically judges the operation results by comparing the actual execution results of the equipment with the process requirement parameters, and feeds back the execution results and judgment results to the MES. Quality data should be classified and screened according to vehicle model, vehicle number, and component for statistical analysis; the completion status of each production line, measured dimensional data, and quality judgment results will be fed back to the production line central control system by the equipment terminal through the field bus and network. After the production process of a vehicle is completed, the production line central control system will upload it to the MES system and automatically fill it into the corresponding process control record; Production task data: Production task data refers to management data in the production management process. Production tasks are issued through the company's MES system. The production line central control system of the project can fully realize data docking, that is, it can accept production tasks and feedback production preparation status, execution status, abnormal conditions, and completion status. The production plan scheduling of the production line is automatically generated from the MES system and assigned to the production line central control system. After receiving the instructions, the production line central control system decomposes the axle box assembly task and sends it to the terminal equipment of the three workstations through the production line electrical control system and the field network bus. After executing the instructions, each terminal equipment and operator will report the completion statistics and finally feedback the completion status data to the production line central control system. After the assembly of the axle box of the entire vehicle is completed, the production task data will be uniformly sent back to the MES system to realize the connection of production plan task data.

4. The bogie axle box assembly flexible production line according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automatic ring gear tightening machine includes an automatic robot arm and an intelligent tightening device. The automatic robot arm is a six-axis robot arm. The intelligent tightening device is fixedly installed at the end of the automatic robot arm. The intelligent tightening device includes a tightening shaft sensor, a visual sensor, a mechanical structure and a control system. The visual sensor detects the position and angle of the tightening shaft and transmits the perception signal to the control system. The control system realizes the spatial posture adjustment of the tightening shaft through physical space coordinate transformation, and finally achieves the tightening shaft being inserted into the bolt. The control system conveys the command to the tightening shaft to ensure that the torque of the bolt tightening is executed according to the given tightening sequence and tightening torque.

5. The bogie axle box assembly flexible production line according to claim 1 is characterized by: Under the control of the production line central control system, the bearing inner ring pressure holding machine is linked with the AGV. When the personnel confirm that the bearing inner ring is heated and installed in place, the central control system gives instructions to the pressure holding machine. The bearing inner ring pressure holding machine controls the time and pressure to maintain the pressure of the bearing inner ring at 75kN for 10 minutes.

6. The bogie axle box assembly flexible production line according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bearing outer ring press-fitting machine comprises a turning mechanism, a press-fitting mechanism, a platform supporting mechanism and a positioning clamping mechanism.

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