A tungsten alloy composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a tungsten alloy composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tungsten alloys. The preparation method of the tungsten alloy composite material provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder are mixed and pressed to obtain a tungsten alloy blank; the tungsten alloy blank is sequentially pre-sintered and first sintered to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank; a through hole is processed on the end face of the tungsten alloy rod blank, and then a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod is placed in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank; the composite rod blank is sequentially subjected to second sintering, heat treatment and forging to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material. The present invention first presses the mixed powder into a shape to increase the density of the tungsten alloy blank; pre-sintering and first sintering are performed to improve the penetration performance; a through hole is processed on the end face, and then a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod is placed in the through hole, and the two-phase material is composited into a whole in the second sintering, combined with heat treatment and forging, so as to improve the penetration performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tungsten alloys, and in particular relates to a tungsten alloy composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tungsten-based high-density alloy is a material with excellent performance formed by adding a small amount of nickel, iron, cobalt and copper as a bonding phase, which can be used as a core material. However, after the penetration of the homogeneous tungsten alloy core, the head of the residual core is upset and mushroom-shaped, and the crater is blocked. The residual core has a large mass, resulting in a low penetration depth and a small perforation diameter. Therefore, how to improve the penetration depth and perforation diameter of tungsten alloy has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a tungsten alloy composite material and a preparation method thereof. The tungsten alloy composite material prepared by the preparation method provided by the present invention has a deeper penetration depth and a larger perforation diameter.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a tungsten alloy composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Mix tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder, and press them into a tungsten alloy blank;

[0007] (2) Pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank;

[0008] (3) machining a through hole on the end surface of the tungsten alloy rod blank obtained in step (2), and then placing a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank;

[0009] (4) The composite rod blank obtained in step (3) is subjected to a second sintering, heat treatment and forging in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material.

[0010] Preferably, the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy blank in step (1) comprises, by mass percentage, 90-97% tungsten, 1-7% nickel, 0.5-3% iron, 0.15-2.5% cobalt and 0.03-0.08% manganese.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure of the pressing molding in step (1) is 140-200 MPa, and the holding time of the pressing molding is 60-240 s.

[0012] Preferably, the pre-sintering temperature in step (2) is 1380-1430°C.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature of the first sintering in step (2) is 1520-1560°C.

[0014] Preferably, in step (3), the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank is 1:(2-3).

[0015] Preferably, the temperature of the second sintering in step (4) is 1520-1560°C.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment in step (4) is 1150-1250° C., and the holding time of the heat treatment is 1-2 h.

[0017] Preferably, the deformation amount of forging in step (4) is 8-12%.

[0018] The present invention also provides a tungsten alloy composite material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for preparing a tungsten alloy composite material, comprising the following steps: mixing tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder, and pressing and molding to obtain a tungsten alloy blank; sequentially pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank; machining a through hole on the end face of the tungsten alloy rod blank, and then placing a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank; sequentially performing a second sintering, heat treatment and forging on the composite rod blank to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material. The present invention first presses the mixed powder into a mold, thereby increasing the density of the tungsten alloy blank, thereby improving the penetration performance of the tungsten alloy composite material; then performing pre-sintering and first sintering, alloying, and further improving the penetration performance and perforation diameter; then machining a through hole on the end face, and then placing the tungsten rod or the tungsten alloy rod in the through hole, and in the process of the second sintering, the two-phase material is composited into a whole, combined with heat treatment and forging processes, thereby further improving the penetration performance and perforation diameter. The experimental results show that the penetration depth of the tungsten alloy composite material provided by the present invention is 80-85 mm, and the perforation diameter is 180-200 mm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention provides a method for preparing a tungsten alloy composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0021] (1) Mix tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder, and press them into a tungsten alloy blank;

[0022] (2) Pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank;

[0023] (3) machining a through hole on the end surface of the tungsten alloy rod blank obtained in step (2), and then placing a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank;

[0024] (4) The composite rod blank obtained in step (3) is subjected to a second sintering, heat treatment and forging in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material.

[0025] The present invention has no particular limitation on the sources of the raw materials, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0026] The invention mixes tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder, and performs compression molding to obtain a tungsten alloy blank.

[0027] In the present invention, the Fischer-Strauss particle size of the tungsten powder is preferably 2.5-3.5 μm; the Fischer-Strauss particle size of the nickel powder is preferably 2.6-3.6 μm; the Fischer-Strauss particle size of the iron powder is preferably 2-5 μm; the Fischer-Strauss particle size of the cobalt powder is preferably 0.5-1.5 μm; and the Fischer-Strauss particle size of the manganese powder is preferably 6-8.5 μm.

[0028] In the present invention, the mixing of the tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder is preferably carried out in a mixer. The present invention has no particular limitation on the model of the mixer, and any equipment well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0029] In the present invention, the mixing of the tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder is preferably ball milled; the time of the ball milling is preferably 6 to 10 hours; the ball milling medium of the ball milling is preferably tungsten alloy balls; the ball-to-material ratio of the ball milling is preferably (2 to 3): (4 to 5), more preferably 3: 4. The ball milling of the present invention can make the raw materials mixed more uniformly.

[0030] The present invention has no special requirement on the rotation speed of the ball milling mixing, and it can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0031] The present invention has no particular limitation on the size of the tungsten alloy ball, and any tungsten alloy ball well known to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0032] As an embodiment, the ball milling mixing time can be 7h, 8h or 9h.

[0033] In the present invention, the mixed powder is preferably put into a latex sleeve before the compression molding. The present invention has no special limitation on the material of the latex sleeve, and a latex sleeve well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, putting the mixed powder into a latex sleeve is conducive to subsequent compression molding.

[0034] In the present invention, the pressure of the press molding is preferably 140-200 MPa; the holding time of the press molding is preferably 60-240 s. As an embodiment, the pressure of the press molding can be 160-190 MPa, or 175-185 MPa; the holding time of the press molding can be 120-200 s, or 150-180 s. The present invention limits the pressure and holding time of the press molding within the above range, which can further improve the density of the tungsten alloy blank, thereby further improving the penetration performance.

[0035] In the present invention, the compression molding is preferably performed in a cold isostatic press. The present invention has no particular limitation on the type of the cold isostatic press, and any equipment well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0036] In the present invention, the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy blank preferably includes, by mass percentage, 90-97% tungsten, 1-7% nickel, 0.5-3% iron, 0.15-2.5% cobalt and 0.03-0.08% manganese. The present invention limits the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy blank to the above range, which can further improve the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0037] As an embodiment, the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy blank can be, by mass percentage, 92.5-95% tungsten, 2.05-6.85% nickel, 0.8-1.46% iron, 0.15-0.3% cobalt and 0.05-0.06% manganese.

[0038] After obtaining the tungsten alloy blank, the present invention sequentially performs pre-sintering and first sintering on the tungsten alloy blank to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank.

[0039] In the present invention, the pre-sintering and the first sintering are preferably carried out in a molybdenum wire push rod furnace. The present invention has no special limitation on the type of the molybdenum wire push rod furnace, and any equipment well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0040] In the present invention, the pre-sintering and the first sintering are preferably carried out in a protective atmosphere; the protective atmosphere is preferably hydrogen. In the present invention, using hydrogen as the protective atmosphere can prevent the tungsten alloy blank from being oxidized at high temperatures.

[0041] In the present invention, the pre-sintering temperature is preferably 1380-1430°C; the pre-sintering push speed is preferably 60-90 min / 600 mm boat. As an embodiment, the pre-sintering temperature can be 1395-1425°C, or 1400-1415°C; the pre-sintering push speed can be 65-85 min / 600 mm boat, or 75-80 min / 600 mm boat.

[0042] In the present invention, the temperature of the first sintering is preferably 1520~1560℃; the pushing speed of the first sintering is preferably 30~50min / 600mm boat. As an embodiment, the temperature of the first sintering can be 1525~1545℃, or 1535~1540℃; the pushing speed of the first sintering can be 35min / 600mm boat, 40min / 600mm boat or 45min / 600mm boat. The present invention limits the temperature and pushing speed of the first sintering within the above range to further improve alloying, thereby further improving the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0043] The present invention has no particular limitation on the rate of heating to the pre-sintering temperature and the first sintering temperature, and the rate can be selected according to common sense.

[0044] In the present invention, the tungsten alloy blank is preferably half-buried in alumina sand during the first sintering; the particle size of the alumina sand is preferably 110-130 meshes, more preferably 120 meshes. The present invention half-buries the tungsten alloy blank in alumina sand for sintering, which can ensure that the tungsten alloy blank is completely sintered, and can also avoid overburning of the tungsten alloy blank, resulting in deformation, and plays a certain protective role.

[0045] After obtaining the tungsten alloy rod blank, the present invention processes a through hole on the end surface of the tungsten alloy rod blank, and then places a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank.

[0046] In the present invention, the surface of the tungsten alloy rod blank is preferably processed before the through hole is processed on the end face of the tungsten alloy rod blank. The present invention has no special limitation on the processing operation, as long as the side and two end faces of the tungsten alloy rod blank are processed into a smooth surface.

[0047] In the present invention, it is preferred to machine a through hole at the center of the end surface of the tungsten alloy rod blank.

[0048] In the present invention, the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank is preferably 1: (2-3), and more preferably 1: 2.5. The present invention limits the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank within the above range to control the ratio of the two materials, thereby further improving the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0049] In the present invention, the diameter of the through hole is preferably 4-6 mm. As an embodiment, the diameter of the through hole can be 5 mm or 5.5 mm.

[0050] In the present invention, the ratio of the diameter of the tungsten rod or tungsten alloy rod to the diameter of the through hole is preferably 1:1.

[0051] In the present invention, the material of the tungsten alloy rod is preferably tungsten-nickel-iron alloy.

[0052] In a technical solution of the present invention, the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy is preferably: W 90-97%, Ni 5-6%, Fe 1-2%, Co 2-3% and Mn 0.01-0.1% by mass percentage. As an embodiment, the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy can be: W 91-95%, Ni 5.1-5.9%, Fe 1.1-1.5%, Co 2.1-2.5% and Mn 0.05-0.8% by mass percentage; the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy can also be W 91.2%, Ni 5.28%, Fe 1.32%, Co 2.15% and Mn 0.05%. The present invention can further improve the mechanical properties of the tungsten alloy composite material by limiting the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy within the above range.

[0053] In another technical solution of the present invention, the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy preferably contains rhenium; in terms of mass percentage, the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy is preferably: W 90-97%, Ni 3-4%, Fe 0.5-1.5%, Co 0.5-1.5%, Mn 0.01-0.1% and Re 0.2-0.4%. As an embodiment, in terms of mass percentage, the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy may be: W 94-95%, Ni 3.2-3.8%, Fe 0.6-1.2%, Co 0.6-1.2%, Mn 0.03-0.06% and Re 0.3-0.4%; the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy may also be W 94.65%, Ni 3.2%, Fe 0.8%, Co 1%, Mn 0.05% and Re 0.3%. The present invention adopts the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy containing rhenium element to further improve the mechanical properties of the tungsten alloy composite material; and by limiting the chemical composition of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy within the above range, the mechanical properties of the tungsten alloy composite material can be further improved.

[0054] In the present invention, the mass ratio of nickel to iron in the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy is preferably (4-7):1, more preferably 6:1.

[0055] The present invention has no special limitation on the source of the tungsten rod or tungsten alloy rod, as long as the content of each component in the tungsten rod or tungsten alloy rod meets the above requirements.

[0056] The operation of placing the tungsten rod or tungsten alloy rod in the through hole of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the operation well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

[0057] After obtaining the composite rod blank, the present invention sequentially performs second sintering, heat treatment and forging on the composite rod blank to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material.

[0058] In the present invention, the temperature of the second sintering is preferably 1520~1560℃; the pushing speed of the second sintering is preferably 30~50min / 600mm boat. As an embodiment, the temperature of the second sintering can be 1530℃, 1535℃, 1540℃, 1545℃, 1550℃ or 1555℃; the pushing speed of the second sintering can be 35min / 600mm boat, 40min / 600mm boat, 45min / 600mm boat or 48min / 600mm boat. The present invention limits the temperature and pushing speed of the second sintering within the above range, which can make the tungsten rod or tungsten alloy rod and the tungsten alloy blank completely bonded together to form a whole, thereby further improving the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0059] The present invention has no particular limitation on the rate of heating to the second sintering temperature, and operations familiar to those skilled in the art may be adopted.

[0060] In the present invention, the composite rod blank is preferably half-buried in alumina sand during the second sintering; the particle size of the alumina sand is preferably 110-130 meshes, more preferably 120 meshes. In the present invention, the composite rod blank is half-buried in alumina sand for sintering, which can ensure that the composite rod blank is completely sintered, and can also avoid over-burning of the composite rod blank, resulting in deformation, and play a certain protective role.

[0061] In the present invention, the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 1150-1250°C; the holding time of the heat treatment is preferably 1-2 hours; the cooling method of the heat treatment is preferably brine cooling; the temperature of the brine is preferably ≤45°C; the concentration of the brine is preferably 1.1-1.2 g / L. The present invention limits the temperature and holding time of the heat treatment to the above ranges to improve the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0062] As an embodiment, the concentration of the brine may be 1.15 g / L, 1.17 g / L or 1.19 g / L.

[0063] The present invention has no particular limitation on the rate of heating to the heat treatment temperature, and operations familiar to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0064] In the present invention, the product obtained by the heat treatment is preferably heated before forging; the heating temperature is preferably 450-550°C, more preferably 500°C; the heating holding time is preferably 1-3h. As an embodiment, the heating holding time can be 1.5h, 2h or 2.5h. In the present invention, heating the product obtained by the heat treatment is conducive to forging.

[0065] In the present invention, the forging is preferably rotary forging; the deformation of the forging is preferably 8-12%. As an embodiment, the deformation of the forging can be 9-11%, or 10%. The present invention limits the deformation of the forging to the above range, which can further improve the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0066] After forging is completed, the present invention preferably anneals the forged product to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material.

[0067] In the present invention, the annealing holding temperature is preferably 450-550°C, more preferably 500°C; the annealing holding time is preferably 3-5h. As an embodiment, the annealing holding time can be 4h. The annealing of the present invention can eliminate the residual stress of forging, thereby further improving the penetration performance and perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material.

[0068] The present invention first presses the mixed powder into a shape, thereby increasing the density of the tungsten alloy blank, thereby improving the penetration performance of the tungsten alloy composite material; then pre-sintering and the first sintering are performed to alloy, thereby further improving the penetration performance and the perforation diameter; then a through hole is processed on the end surface, and a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod is placed in the through hole. During the second sintering process, the two-phase material is composited into a whole, and combined with heat treatment and forging processes, the penetration performance and the perforation diameter are further improved.

[0069] The present invention also provides a tungsten alloy composite material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0070] The tungsten alloy composite material provided by the present invention has a deeper penetration depth and a larger perforation diameter compared with the homogeneous tungsten alloy material.

[0071] The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] The preparation method of tungsten alloy composite material is as follows:

[0074] (1) Tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder were weighed in a mass ratio of W (wt%): Ni (wt%): Fe (wt%): Co (wt%): Mn (wt%) of 90:6.8:3:0.15:0.05, and were put into a mixer using tungsten alloy balls as ball milling media for 6 hours to obtain a mixed powder; wherein the tungsten powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.5-3.5 μm, the nickel powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.6-3.6 μm, the iron powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2-5 μm, the cobalt powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 0.5-1.5 μm, and the manganese powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 6-8.5 μm; and the ball-to-material ratio was 3:4;

[0075] (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is loaded into a latex sleeve, and then pressed by a cold isostatic press to obtain a tungsten alloy blank; wherein the pressing pressure is 160 MPa and the holding time is 120 s;

[0076] (3) Pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (2) in a molybdenum wire push rod furnace protected by an ammonia decomposition atmosphere to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank; wherein the pre-sintering temperature is 1395°C and the push speed is 65min / 600mm boat; the first sintering temperature is 1525°C and the push speed is 30min / 600mm boat; during the first sintering, the tungsten alloy blank is half-buried in 120-mesh alumina sand;

[0077] (4) processing the outer side and both end faces of the tungsten alloy rod blank obtained in step (3) into a smooth surface, and then processing a through hole with a diameter of 4 mm in the center of the end face, and then embedding a tungsten rod in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank; wherein the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank is 1:2.5; and the ratio of the diameter of the tungsten rod to the diameter of the through hole is 1:1;

[0078] (5) The composite rod blank obtained in step (4) is half-buried in 120 mesh alumina sand for a second sintering, and then heat treated in a 1200°C heat treatment furnace for 2 hours, and then cooled with brine with a concentration of 1.15 g / L and a temperature of 40°C, and then heated to 450°C and kept warm for 2 hours, and then rotary forging and annealing are performed in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material; wherein the second sintering temperature is 1545°C, the pushing speed is 40 min / 600 mm boat; the rotary forging deformation is 8%; the annealing temperature is 450°C, and the holding time is 4 hours.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] The preparation method of tungsten alloy composite material is as follows:

[0081] (1) Tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder were weighed in a mass ratio of W (wt%): Ni (wt%): Fe (wt%): Co (wt%): Mn (wt%) of 92.5: 5.84: 1.46: 0.15: 0.05, and were put into a mixer using tungsten alloy balls as ball milling media for 8 hours to obtain a mixed powder; wherein the tungsten powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.5-3.5 μm, the nickel powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.6-3.6 μm, the iron powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2-5 μm, the cobalt powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 0.5-1.5 μm, and the manganese powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 6-8.5 μm; and the ball-to-material ratio was 3:4;

[0082] (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is loaded into a latex sleeve, and then pressed by a cold isostatic press to obtain a tungsten alloy blank; wherein the pressing pressure is 175 MPa and the holding time is 150 s;

[0083] (3) Pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (2) in a molybdenum wire push rod furnace protected by an ammonia decomposition atmosphere to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank; wherein the pre-sintering temperature is 1415°C and the push speed is 75min / 600mm boat; the first sintering temperature is 1535°C and the push speed is 40min / 600mm boat; during the first sintering, the tungsten alloy blank is half-buried in 120-mesh alumina sand;

[0084] (4) The outer side and both end faces of the tungsten alloy rod blank obtained in step (3) are processed into smooth surfaces, and then a through hole with a diameter of 4.5 mm is processed in the center of the end face, and then a tungsten alloy rod is embedded in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank; wherein the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank is 1:2.5; the ratio of the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod to the diameter of the through hole is 1:1; the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy rod is, in terms of mass percentage, W 91.2%, Ni 5.28%, Fe 1.32%, Co 2.15% and Mn 0.05%;

[0085] (5) The composite rod blank obtained in step (4) is half-buried in 120-mesh alumina sand for a second sintering, and then heat-treated in a 1230°C heat treatment furnace for 2 h, and then cooled with brine having a concentration of 1.17 g / L and a temperature of 35°C, and then heated to 450°C and kept warm for 2 h, and then rotary forging and annealing are performed in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material; wherein the second sintering temperature is 1550°C, the pushing speed is 45 min / 600 mm boat; the rotary forging deformation is 10%; the annealing temperature is 450°C, and the holding time is 4 h.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] The preparation method of tungsten alloy composite material is as follows:

[0088] (1) Tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder were weighed in a mass ratio of W (wt%): Ni (wt%): Fe (wt%): Co (wt%): Mn (wt%) of 97:2:0.8:0.15:0.05, and were put into a mixer using tungsten alloy balls as ball milling media for 10 hours to obtain a mixed powder; wherein the tungsten powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.5-3.5 μm, the nickel powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.6-3.6 μm, the iron powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2-5 μm, the cobalt powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 0.5-1.5 μm, and the manganese powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 6-8.5 μm; and the ball-to-material ratio was 3:4;

[0089] (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is loaded into a latex sleeve, and then pressed by a cold isostatic press to obtain a tungsten alloy blank; wherein the pressing pressure is 190 MPa and the holding time is 180 s;

[0090] (3) Pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (2) in a molybdenum wire push rod furnace protected by an ammonia decomposition atmosphere to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank; wherein the pre-sintering temperature is 1425°C and the push speed is 90 min / 600 mm boat; the first sintering temperature is 1545°C and the push speed is 45 min / 600 mm boat; during the first sintering, the tungsten alloy blank is half-buried in 120 mesh alumina sand;

[0091] (4) The outer side and both end faces of the tungsten alloy rod blank obtained in step (3) are processed into smooth surfaces, and then a through hole with a diameter of 6 mm is processed in the center of the end face, and then a tungsten alloy rod is embedded in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank; wherein the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank is 1:2.5; the ratio of the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod to the diameter of the through hole is 1:1; and the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy rod is, in terms of mass percentage, W 94.65%, Ni 3.2%, Fe 0.8%, Co 1%, Mn 0.05% and Re 0.3%;

[0092] (5) The composite rod blank obtained in step (4) is half-buried in 120-mesh alumina sand for a second sintering, and then heat-treated in a 1270°C heat treatment furnace for 2 h, and then cooled with brine having a concentration of 1.19 g / L and a temperature of 43°C, and then heated to 450°C and kept warm for 2 h, and then rotary forging and annealing are performed in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material; wherein the second sintering temperature is 1540°C, the pushing speed is 35 min / 600 mm boat; the rotary forging deformation is 12%; the annealing temperature is 450°C, and the holding time is 4 h.

[0093] After the tungsten alloy composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 were wire cut, no obvious defects were found at the composite interface.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] The preparation method of homogeneous tungsten alloy is as follows:

[0096] (1) Tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder were weighed in a mass ratio of W (wt%): Ni (wt%): Fe (wt%): Co (wt%): Mn (wt%) of 91.5:5.11:1.27:2.07:0.05, and were put into a mixer using tungsten alloy balls as ball milling media for 8 hours to obtain a mixed powder; wherein the tungsten powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.5-3.5 μm, the nickel powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2.6-3.6 μm, the iron powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 2-5 μm, the cobalt powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 0.5-1.5 μm, and the manganese powder had a Fischer-Strauss particle size of 6-8.5 μm; and the ball-to-material ratio was 3:4;

[0097] (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is loaded into a latex sleeve, and then pressed by a cold isostatic press to obtain a tungsten alloy blank; wherein the pressing pressure is 175 MPa and the holding time is 150 s;

[0098] (3) The tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (2) is subjected to pre-sintering and first sintering in a molybdenum wire push rod furnace protected by an ammonia decomposition atmosphere to obtain a homogeneous tungsten alloy; wherein the pre-sintering temperature is 1415°C and the pushing speed is 75min / 600mm boat; the first sintering temperature is 1535°C and the pushing speed is 40min / 600mm boat; during the first sintering, the tungsten alloy blank is half-buried in 120-mesh alumina sand.

[0099] The tungsten alloy composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and the homogeneous tungsten alloy of Comparative Example 1 were used as projectile cores for a target penetration test in a shooting range, wherein the projectile core size was a φ10×100 mm rod, the target thickness was a 1 cm steel plate, and the distance between the gun and the target was 300 m.

[0100] The penetration depth was measured with a caliper. The penetration depth of the homogeneous tungsten alloy of comparative example 1 was 78 mm, the penetration depth of the tungsten alloy composite material of example 1 was 80 mm, the penetration depth of the tungsten alloy composite material of example 2 was 80 mm, and the penetration depth of the tungsten alloy composite material of example 3 was 85 mm.

[0101] After measurement, the perforation diameter of the homogeneous tungsten alloy of Comparative Example 1 is 160 mm, the perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material of Example 1 is 180 mm, the perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material of Example 2 is 180 mm, and the perforation diameter of the tungsten alloy composite material of Example 3 is 200 mm.

[0102] Through experimental comparison, it can be seen that the tungsten alloy composite material has a greater penetration depth and a larger perforation diameter than the homogeneous tungsten alloy, and according to the cross-section of the target, it can be seen that after the penetration of the homogeneous tungsten alloy core, the head of the residual core is upset and mushroom-shaped, and there is blockage inside the crater, and the residual core mass is large; after the penetration of the tungsten alloy composite material core, there is little residual core left inside the crater, and the formed head is relatively sharp, indicating that the tungsten alloy composite material of the present invention has better penetration performance than the homogeneous tungsten alloy.

[0103] It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the tungsten alloy composite material has a deeper penetration depth and a larger perforation diameter than the homogeneous tungsten alloy, and the core head is sharper, which can indicate that the tungsten alloy composite material has better penetration performance than the homogeneous tungsten alloy.

[0104] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a tungsten alloy composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Mix tungsten powder, nickel powder, iron powder, cobalt powder and manganese powder, and press them into a tungsten alloy blank; (2) Pre-sintering and first sintering the tungsten alloy blank obtained in step (1) in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy rod blank; (3) machining a through hole at the center of the end surface of the tungsten alloy rod blank obtained in step (2), and then placing a tungsten rod or a tungsten alloy rod in the through hole to obtain a composite rod blank; (4) subjecting the composite rod blank obtained in step (3) to a second sintering, heat treatment and forging in sequence to obtain a tungsten alloy composite material; Measured by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the tungsten alloy blank in step (1) includes: 90-97% tungsten, 1-2.05% nickel, 0.5-3% iron, 0.15-2.5% cobalt and 0.03-0.08% manganese.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the pressing process in step (1) is 140-200 MPa, and the holding time of the pressing process is 60-240 s.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-sintering temperature in step (2) is 1380-1430°C.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the first sintering in step (2) is 1520-1560°C.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the ratio of the diameter of the through hole to the diameter of the tungsten alloy rod blank is 1:(2-3).

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the second sintering in step (4) is 1520-1560°C.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the heat treatment in step (4) is 1150-1250° C., and the heat treatment holding time is 1-2 hours.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation amount of forging in the step (4) is 8-12%.

9. The tungsten alloy composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.